The Colonial Period in American Literature
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Transcript of The Colonial Period in American Literature
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The Colonial Period in American LiteratureEnglish 11Mrs. Bozinko
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The Time Period
Mid 1600’s – 1750Colonization and survivalReligious thought Moral judgment
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Northern Settlers: The Pilgrims
Led by William BradfordFall of 1620 landed in
Plymouth, MASpring of 1621 only 50
survivorsReligious reformersWithdrew from church of
EnglandNickname: Separatists
(protestant)
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The Puritans: A Social and Cultural Force
Led by John WinthropEstablished Massachusetts Bay
Colony 1628Religious ReformersStayed within Church of
England to PURify from withinTHEOCRACYRadicalConservativeNickname: Calvinists
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The PuritansMost important in American
LiteratureWell educatedPrimarily middle classGrounded in religious beliefsBelieved in Pre-Destination and
electionWanted ideal societyIs there somewhere better than
here?
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Pre-Destination
THE SAVED• The prominent
• The clergy• The wealthy• The healthy
THE DAMNED• The poor• The sick• The lower class
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Puritan Beliefs
Believed in omnipotent God Believed in unmerciful God
Believed in the Bible Believed in Original Sin
Believed in Pre-Destination Believed in Education for men AND women
Believed in daily workings of God Believed in Puritan work ethic
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Puritan Beliefs God
Community
Self
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Great Awakening
1730’s Led by Jonathan
Edwards and clergyBring Puritans backSeries of tent meetingsGreater importance on
individual and spiritual experience
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Covenant Theology
Second religious movementSoften idea of pre-destinationGives controlMust do TWO things:
Believe in deityDo good deeds on earth
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The Literature of the Puritans
NO novelsNO short storiesNO dramaLittle poetryMostly ALL nonfiction!Anne Bradstreet, Edward Taylor,
Jonathan Edwards
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The Function of Puritan Writers
1. To instruct people about secular things on a religious level
2. To make God more relevant to the universe.
3. To glorify God.
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Subject and Style
RELIGION AND GODDaily lifeSimple style of writing
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What did they write?
JournalsDiariesHistoryBiography
AutobiographyReligious studiesHymnsSermonsSome metaphysical poetry
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Metaphysical PoetryEngland had romantic poetryDifficult and thought provokingShows man’s place in universePuritan’s plagiarized English
Metaphysical poetryPuritan Poetry = English
Metaphysical Poetry
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Characteristics of Metaphysical Poetry
1. Follows a logical pattern; poem as argumentPOET VS. GODPOET VS. LOVERPOET VS. HIMSELF
2. Can be intellectual, analytical, psychological3. Theme: physical death, religion, physical love4. Diction: Simple word choice5. Deals with IMAGERY: common place, ordinary6. Conceit = extended metaphor
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The Puritan Legacy
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The Real Puritan Legacy
First free public schoolFounded Harvard and YaleSet up first printing press in coloniesThe need for moral justification for private,
public, and governmental acts. The Questing for FreedomThe Puritan work ethic. fascination with death. The city upon the hill