The Cold War Heats Up

LESSON 5.3

KNIGHT’S CHARGE

•Who was Joseph McCarthy?• How did the threat of

Communism spread fear in the United States?

WEIRD DISNEY FACT OF THE DAY

END OF IMPERIALISM

• After WWII, Europe was in economic crisis.• European powers were forced to give

up their imperial colonies throughout the world.• New nations fought for independence.

ENDING IMPERIALISM

• Examples:

• Britain gave up Ireland and India

• France gave up Morocco and the Ivory Coast

ENDING IMPERIALISM

• Most countries that were given up were THIRD WORLD countries.

• Remember, a third world country has no industry or money, but some resources.

• The Soviet Union and the United States would then race to become allies with these smaller countries.

• This became known as the Race for the Third World.

TRUMAN DOCTRINE AND THE DOMINO THEORY

• Truman Doctrine: Establishes the U.S. policy of “containment” of Communism.

• The Truman Doctrine followed the Domino Theory! (If one country becomes communist, all of the surrounding countries will as well)

• Under the Truman Doctrine, the U.S. would give money and aid to countries under the “threat” of communism.

• Examples: We gave money to Greece during a civil war and to Turkey to keep Russia away.

THE CHINESE CIVIL WAR

• CAPITALIST countries (the U.S.) are doing everything they can to make sure China becomes capitalist. Why?

• China is home to:

• Large Population

• Large work force/army

• Industry

• Large factories = $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

• They are the “powerhouse” of Asia.

BIG PLAYERS IN THE CHINESE CIVIL WAR

• The Nationalists:• Led by general Chiang Kai-Shek• Not Communists!

BIG PLAYERS IN THE CHINESE CIVIL WAR

• Communist Party of China

• Led by Mao Zedong

• Wants China to become….Communist (duh)

NOT ALWAYS ENEMIES

• The Nationalists and Communists were actually allies until 1927.

• They defeated different warlords together and United China.

• However: The communists slowly began converting the poor people to communism!

CIVIL WAR

• 1927 – Fed up with the communists, Nationalists begin to massacre (kill in large numbers) the communists.

• The Chinese Civil War begins

NATIONALISTS VS. COMMUNISTS

• Nationalists: More People…More Land…More Weapons

• Communists: More Industries…More Support from Poor

WHAT HAPPENS?

• Well, the Nationalists begin to lose after they use up their resources fighting the communists…oh, and Japan has aided the Communists…Yay.

END OF THE CIVIL WAR…

• The Nationalists were forced out of China and into Taiwan…

• China is now Communist (uh…oh)

• Leader: Mao Zedong!

MAO CHANGES CHINESE SOCIETIES

• Mao wins over the poor by taking land and money from the rich

• Many wealthy land-owners were executed or sent to labor camps…

• Mao discouraged ALL traditional Chinese religions (Buddhism, Confucianism, etc…)

THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD

• Mao had a plan to make China more industrialized

• Wanted to change the economy from agrarian to industrial

• Forced farmers to collectively farm…

• Backfired - - - Tens of Millions of people died.

COMMUNISM

• Communism now has a hold in Asia

• China is a very powerful communist country

• This obviously freaks out the US and makes the Soviet Union very happy

• …Containment is not working…

•Great Leap Forward?