Workers and oppressed of all countries: unite!

THE WORKERS'COMPAUNIST PA y

AR IST-LENIN1STS)NORWAY,

The Civil War inAngola,

Instigated by

Social- Imperialism

ssue August 1976Special I -

Instigated by Social- Imperialism

Contents:Introduction

3

Preface: Draw Lessons from the War in Angola 3

Conditional Victory for Social-Imperialism in Angola 3WCP(M-L)'s Stand: Against All Imperialism 3War Won by Social-Imperialist Mercenaries 4Social-Imperialism Is Planning a Big Offensive in Africa 4

PART I: What Happened in Angola? 5

Three Liberation Movements 5All Three Movements Fought Against Portugal 5Split Due to Superpowers' Intrigues 5Large Amounts of Soviet Arms Started the Escalation 5One Liberation Movement "Progressive" and Two "Reactionary" ? 6Is the MPLA "Marxist" ? 6Reactionary Mercenaries Fought on Both Sides in the Civil War 6Angola's People Lost. Social-Imperialism Won 7The War Is Not Over 7

PART II: The Angolan \Var Shows: Both Superpowers are Dangerous.the US Regresses, the USSR Advances 8

The Soviet Union: Africa's Enemy Disguised as a "Friend" 8USSR: False "Friend", True Enemy of the Liberation Movements 9Social-Imperialism Fakes "Support" to Gain Influence

in the Liberation Movements 9Cuban Troops - Not Castro's but Brezhnev's Mercenaries 9Cuba - Tragic Example of What Happens to Kremlin's "Allies" 10Social-Imperialism Arms Itseif to the Teeth 10No Country in the World is Safe from the USSR 10Social-Imperialism Plans New Offensives in Africa . . 10No Imperialism Can Long Oppress the Valiant African People 11Strengthen Support of the Liberation Struggie 11Superpowers Prepare for World War Through Limited Wars 11China and Albania Support the People Against the Superpowers 11

PART III: Angola and Norway 12

Factions of the Monopolist Bourgeoisie Swing in a Pro-Soviet Direction 12Revisionist Bosses Are Phony "Anti-Imperialists" 13WCP(M-L): the Only Real Anti-Imperialist Party in Norway 13Social-Imperialist Propaganda: No Response Among Working People 14Needed: United Front Against the Superpowers 14

Footnotes 14

The International Bulletin 15

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V&"11111~Ilir"9111nn111"~iiii"~Araiib~WIWOINTRODUCTIONOpportunists of all categories always striveat siding with the "winner". Since Sovjetarms and Cuban mercenary troops havewon an important military victory for oneside in the civil war in Angola, all kinds ofopportunists are prepared to acclaim thewinners.But political principles do not depend on whomthe "winner" is, and WCP(M-L)'s view-point on the issue of Angola is, of course,not based on that. The WCP(M-L)'s pointof view is based on principled struggleagainst all imperialism.The issue of Angola was thoroughtly discuss-ed this spring (1) in a series of articles inKlassekampen, the organ of the Workers'Communist Party (M-L), Norway. Thisspecial issue of Class Struggle, the inter-

national bulletin of . ile WCP(M-L), brings atranslation of the most important of thesearticles. The articles express the viewpointof the WCP(M-L) and are written by the fo-reign affairs editors of Klassekampen.The articles analyze the course of events inAngola, and examine the many . false accountswhich have been given of the war and itsbackground.Furthermore, they examine the role of thesuperpowers in the war, showing how thewar in Angola emphasizes the fatt thathostility between the US and the Soviet Unionis constantly sharpening. Finally, the analy-sis dissects the position of different groupsin Norway towards the war, including theleaders of the modern revisionist SV party.(2).

PREPACE:DRAW LESSONS FROMTHE WAR IN ANGOLAConditional Victory for Social-Imperialism inAngolaOne phase is over in the civil war in Angola.Social-imperialist troops have won importantmilitary victories. This will further thestruggle of the Luanda government for inter-national diplomatic recognition. The Norwe-gian government has now also recognized theLuanda side.

The unilateral advance and the Sovjet propa-

WCP(M-L)'s Stand:Against All ImperialismThe WCP(M-L) is a firrnly principled partywhich fights against all imperialism. Whenan imperialist power advanees, our partysees no reason to do like the bourgeoisieand other opportunist groups, and shiftdirection.

For our party, therefore, the advanc-! :#f oneside means that we must intensify our strug-gle against the imperialist power that advan-ces. Precisely the hysterical tributes of thebourgeoisie and opportunists tause us to

ganda offensive have led to a worldwideopportunistic change of course within thepro-Western bourgeoisie. Opportunists andunprincipled elements will "fish in troubledwaters" by siding with the "winner". There-fore, the most varied governments andbourgeois groups have given their full ac-claim to one side.

clarify our viewpoint once again, and morethoroughly than before.

Right now it is more important than ever tr)show who has upheld the correct position forAngola's liberation, and has ∎een truly anti-imperialist, and who, under the cover ofbig words, has run the errands of imperia-lism in Angola.

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I " "91M nnn .n I b.~I " I I nn• "WillibZWIk ~11~ IWar Won By Social-ImperialistMercenariesLet us base our position in this issue onavailable and indisputable facts. What do thefacts tell us about what actually happened inAngola?That social-imperialist mercenaries,

equipped, transported and financed by theUSSR, and led by hundreds of Soviet "advi-sers", defeated the troops of two of theliberation movements and mercenaries fromthe West and South Africa.The superior equipment of these forces hasenabled Sovjet mercenaries to occupy mostof the territory and take control of the bigcities.

Time will show whether they will also ma-nage to completely crush the forces of theother liberation fronts, who have surren-dered many cities without much fighting.Another possibility is that social-imperial-ism becomes involved in a pr .blonged guerillawar in Angola.Social-imperialism won a big victory, notf or the Angolan people, but at theire xp en s e. Social-imperialist involvementin the war has caused big losses for the peo-ple in Angola. Social-imperialism hasachieved a basis for further infiltration inorrier to gain control of the country.

Social-Imperialism Is Planning a Big OffensiveIn AfricaRecently the peoples of Africa have won imp-ortant victories against imperialism.People's war is developing in Zimbabwe("Rhodesia"). Liberation movements inNamibia ("Southwest Africa") and Azania("South Africa") are also growing stronger.These are important advances for the peoplesof the world. By intervening in Angola, thesocial-imperialists have shown that they willtry to exploit the dovenfall of old colonialistpowers, in order to assume their role andclasp new fetters on the African people.Social-imperialism has started a large-scaleoffensive in Africa.It is therefore our duty to increase our sup-port to the liberation struggle against the oldcolonial powers, and at the same time in-crease our vigilance towards the new enemy.

The war in Angola constitutes a very import-ant lesson for the working people of Norwayand the whole world.

In these articles we will discuss some of theexperiences we think it is especially import-ant to learn from. We will deal with threequestions:first: What in fact happened in Angola'?second: What does Angola reveal about the

international policy of social-imperial-ism?

third: What does the war in Angola discloseabout the various political forces inNorway and their attitude towards thesuperpowers?

We feel that these articles prove how eventshave confirmed the analysis of our party tothe letter.

Wg~-‘1""MhZW111~~~~~~~WILWIPART I:WHAT HAPPENED IN ANGOLA?Angola is a country of the Third World, keptin artificial underdevelopment as a result ofoppression and exploitation by Portugal, acolonial power. The Angolan people rose inarmed struggle against imperialism.

The liberation war is a shining example forthe peoples of Africa and the world. It madea substantial contribution to the downfall ofPortugal as a colonial power.

Three Liberation MovementsDespite all false Kremlin propaganda, it is afact that towards the end of colonial rulethere were three Angolan liberation move-ments waging armed struggle against Portu-gal: FNLA, MPLA and UNITA. Theirs wasa just war for national liberation and inde-pendence.

The FNLA fought mainly in the north. TheMPLA was strongest in the central areas,while UNITA maintained liberated areas inthe south. Evidence of this has been present-ed by K lass ek a mp en in earlier

All Three Movements FoughtAgainst PortugalThere have always been important differencesbetween the three movements: theic t)rogramsvaried, their strengths and weaknesses dif-fered, and they each fought in their way.But as long as the weapons were pointed atPortugal, the struggle was just. Despite alltheir differences, the main aspect of thethree movements was their common fightagainst Portugal. To depict the liberation

struggle as being waged by only one move-ment, without the participation of the othertwo, is therefore to falsify history.In 1974 it became clear that the Portuguesecolonial power would have to withdraw.This laid the basis for a joint government ofthe three movements, as shown at the Alvorconference, February 15, 1975.

Split Due to Superpowers' IntriguesBut dissension and civil war followed. TheSovjet propaganda machine asserts that "thisshows that the organizations could not coope-rate and that there was no objective founda-tion for unity".

The truth is that tie split was a direct andlogical result of a successful imperialistconspiracy, with the USSR as leading conspi-

rator. None of the three movementcould have won in a civil war against eitheror both of the other t.vo. Joint governmentcould have been realized but for the fact that,at that precise moment, the different organi-zations began receiving arms and largenumbers of foreign mercenaries from vari-ous imperialist countries, and especially theUSSR and the US.

Large Amounts of Sovjet ArmsStarted the EscalationThe Soviet Union gambled first, at the highest stakes, and most ably, by sending greatquanti!ies of arms to one of the movements.On the other side, the US also tried to

secure a position. The two imperialist super-powers overtid each other and escaiated theconflict. Social-imperialism sent in Cubans.

US imperialism mobilized the notoriousSouth African racists. This establishedbasis for developing a war on Angolan terri-tory, in which each side was dominated byforeign mercenaries, equipped, financed andled by the two imperialist superpowers.

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Was One Liberation Movement «Progressive»and Two «Reactionary»?Already during the war against Portugal,social-imperialism propagated the fallaciousassertion that the MPLA was a "progressive"movement, while the other two were"reactionary". The involvement of the racistSouth African bandits was proficiently ex-ploited by the Soviet propaganda machine tostrengthen this claim. Norwegian revision-ists have even maintained that the 11,1PLAfought for "socialism" against the GULFoil company which made napalm for theVietnam war, that the MPLA would "sub-

stantially destroy the grip of big capital" etc.

This is a thoroughly wrong account of thedifferences between the three movements.Neither their programs nor their actionsgive grounds for such assertions.

All available information shows that we mustevaluate all three organizations as bour-geois-nationalist liberation movements,pledged to waging a progressive struggleagainst colonialism.

Is the MPLA «Marxist»?The different movements were not homogeneous. Revolutionaries and anti-imperialistshave coexisted with both unstable and reactionary elements prone to accepting "contri-butions" from the US and the USSR. This hasprovided the imperialist superpowers with theopening they needed to force their way in andconspire.We do not underestimate the role of the MPLAin the liberation war, just as we do notunderestimate the role of the other two. Itis not for us to criticize one movement orpraise another. But sinte social-imperial-ist propaganda, strongly backed in Norway bysocial-democrat and other bourgeois newspa-pers, is spreading the myth of the unique"progressive" character of the MPLA, wemust, in the interest of truth, present somecorrections.In Norway, the bourgeois press and radio/TVcharacterize the MPLA as "Marxist". How-

ever, the organization itself makes no claimto being Marxist. There is no evidente of any"socialist construction" in the areas con-trolled by this organization.Revisionists and others have stressed decla-rations by FNLA and UNITA representatives,where they say they intend to allow Westernimperialist companies to operate in Angola.This we do not dispute. TheMPLA, however, does not differ from theother two in this respect. The press in MPLAcontrolled areas confirms the fatt that West-ern imperialist companies operate there.This is the case for oil companies such asGULF, TEXACO, and MOBIL, and miningcorporations such as the South African/American/Belgian DIAMANG, among others.It is publically known that GULF, referred toby Norwegian revisionists as an enemy ofthe MPLA, has contributed hundreds ofmillions of dollars to the Luanda government.

Reactionary Mercenaries Fought on BothSides in the Civil WarRacist South Africa's unilateral interventionis directly reactionary. European mercenaries and US imperialist agents have also inter-vened. All true anti-imperialists condemnthese interventions.However, the social-imperialist propagandamachine has no right to use this as a defensefor its own involvement. It is a fatt, forexample, that fascist mercenaries whoused to serve Tshombe in Katanga, now fighton the side supported by the Soviet Union.The most flagrant example of large-scaleintervention is the 10 000 - 15 000 Cubansoldiers, led- equipped, transported and

financed by social-imperialism. A Europeanmercenary paid by the US to shoot Angolansis clearly reactionary. But can Cubans,equipped with Sovjet tanks and planos and paidby the Kremlin to shoot Angolans, be anyless reactionary?Western mercenaries and South African sol-diers are responsible for horrible crimes inAngola. We condemn this. Social-imperial-ist mercenaries have slaughtered the popu-lation in country villages, and Soviet war-ships have shelled coastal cities. Is thereany less reason to condemn this?On both sides in the civil war there are anti-

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th."~WWW"..WnWili~~111~11~~~imperialist Angolans dedicated to wagingarmed struggle against colonialism. But onboth sides of the civil war the fighting hasbeen dominated by reactionary foreign mer-cenaries. This is a tragedy for the people

of Angola.These are indisputable facts. They com-pletely destroy the propaganda assertion of"one progressive and two reactionary"movements.

Angola's People Lost —Social-imperialism WonWe have consistently characterized the war

between the three liberation movements asreactionary. Recent developments confirmthis characterization.Imperialism has won a temporary victoryagainst the people. The war has led to muchdestruction and heavy human losses. The

government in Luanda has become dependentupon an imperialist superpower and willhave difficulty in conductin an independentpolicy. Social-imperialism has establisheda strong position in Angola. Western imperia-lism has regressed militarily and politically,but remains economically strong.

The War Is Not OverSocial-imperialist propaganda will now haveus to believe that the war is completely overand that two of the liberation movements arecrushed. Reports from different sourcesdisprove this. Arms are still pouring into thecountry. Military operations under the coverof "struggle against South African racists"continue in parts of Angola where there areno South African soldiers.Simultaneously we receive reports of resist-ance to social-imperialism in that part of thecountry controlled by the Luanda government.Luanda has witnessed mass demonstrationsagainst arms imports. Many officers in theMPLA army react against humiliations byCuban officers. The people in Angola willnot forget the crimes of social-imperialism,and its foothold is not stable.

The time will surely come when the valiantpeople of Angola will throw out all imperial-ist intruders, both Western capitalists andSoviet militarists. Today, however, we mustconfront the fact that the struggle of theAngolan people has suffered a heavy setback,and that social-imperialism is the temporaryvictor in Angola.

The war in Angola shows that superpowercontention is rapidly becoming more acute.The struggle of the superpowers over Angolais highly Significant, because it shows thedeepening of their mutual contradiction, andthe development of their relative strength.It is important to study their actions in Angola,in order to be more capable of combatingthem.

Armoredvehiclecapturedfromsocial-imperial-istmercenaryforces.

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PART II:THE ANGOLAN WAR SHOWS:BOTH SUPERPOWERS AREDANGEROUS, THE US REGRESSES,THE USSR ADVANCESWe have seen how the superpowers createdand escalated the war by pouring in armsand troops. Escalation on one side furnishedthe other side with a new pretext for furtherescalation. This shows that b ot h are dan-gerous. The people cannot ally themselveswith one against the other,but raust inereasethe struggle against both at the same time.It is very signifi cant that the US was defeatedin the tug of war. The US tried to follow itsold practise of "taking over" colonies of moreor less degraded colonial powers. This washow the US assumed neo-colonial over Indo-nesia after the Netherlands, over Congo-Kinshasa (Zaire) after Belgium, over SouthVietnam and Laos after France, over theMiddle East after Great Britain. The UStried to do same in Angola after Portugal.But US imperialism is now greatly weakened

following the defeats in Indochina. The eco-nomic crisis in the US and dissension withinthe ruling class there have also made itdifficult for US imperialism to gamble at thesame stakes as social-imperialism in AngolaThis is a new example of the US as a declin-i ng superpower.

On the other hand, social-imperialism is anadvancing superpower, greedily seekingcolonies and "Lebensraum", and constantlyon the lookout for strategic military positionsFor a long time the Kremlin has been cagerto expand on the African continent. Whensocial-imperialism managed to split the li-beration movements in Angola, it was in aposition to increase its wager ten-fold. Thehuge speculation secured social-imperialisma temporary victory.

The Sovjet Union: Africa's EnemyDisguised as a «Friend»Aggressive social-imperialism tries to gaininfluence in Africa by disguising itself as a"friend" of the African people, ready to sup-port them against "colonialists and racists".This is a dangerous imperialist offensive, theexposure of which is essential.

What do the facts show? In Angola, the SovietUnion did not provide much "aid" as long asthe war was directed against Portugal. TheAngolans received mostly light and outdatedhand weapons. Shipments of these were evensuspended in the important final phase of thewar when they were most needed.

Only after the surrender of the colonialpower did the Sovjet Union send big armsshipments. After the victory in a 14 year

long liberation war, the Sovjet Union sentheavy and modern weapons worth astronomi-cal sums - weapons that would be used tokill Angolans.

The invasion of the South African racists wasa heavenly gift to the social-imperialists,using it to describe themselves as "enemies"of racism". But what are the facts? TakeRhodesia as an example. Everyone knowsthat the true freedom fighters in ZANU andANC, who led the people's war against Smiwere for many years actively opposed andboycotted by the Sovjet Union. At Lhe sametime, social-imperialism backed completelythe clique of opportunist politicians led byN'Komo, who for a long time has been dealingwith racist Smith. Does not thjs unveil thetruth about social-imperialism as "anti-racist"?

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1x441x44 Y15,4.14.' •

Angola and Zimbabwe - two examples thatshow what is talk and what is reality concern-ing social-imperialism in Africa. Social-imperialism poses as Africa's "friend". Butin reality social-imperialism is Africa'senemy. The Kremlin is indifferent towards

African people's struggles against racismand Western imperialism, but assumes an"anti-imperialist" disguise when it can beused as an excuse to intervene and securep os itions .

USSR — False «Friend», True Enemy of theLiberation MovementsThe success in Angola is propagated by therevisionists as a new example of "Sovietsupport to liberation movements". Butwhat do the facts show?In his time, Krushchev openly attacked theliberation movements. He refused to sendsupport to Vietnam. Soviet arms tame onlywhen it was obvious that the Vietnamese peo-ple would defeat US imperialism in the end.The Soviet Union consistently refused tosend support to the liberation struggle inKampuchea. The USSR spread illusions aboutthe "peaceful road" in Chile and thus helpedto disarm the workers ideologically beforethe bloody fascist coup. There are innumera-ble similar examples of sabotage of liberationstruggles.

The Soviet Union has also sent military forceswhich have fought against liberation move-ments. Examples are Indonesia and India.

As another aspect, the Sovjet Union makesuse of certain liberation struggles to createa market for more weapons. Everybody knowsthat in recent years the Soviet Union has be-come the world's number one dealer in arms.In Angola one side was flooded with tanksand offensive weapons, for which social-im-perialism will certainly demand a highprice. At the same time, it has been dis-closed that social-imperialism, through aCzechoslovakian company, sold anti-tankweapons to the other side.

Social-Imperialism Fakes «Support»to Gain Influence in LiberationMovementsThe most important aspect of Soviet "support'is social-imperialist influence within theliberation movements, aiming at puttingthem under pressure. Official sources inMozambique have disclosed how the SovietUnion attempted to force concessions there.African heads of state who recognize theLuanda government have openly declared thatsocial-imperialism tries to obtain conces-sions from the movement to which it renders

"assistance".

Angola is a new example of how social-impe-rialist support in reality poisons those whoreceive it and enslaves them. It shows evenbetter than before that social-imperialismi s a dangerous enemy to the liberation move-ments, and that the most dangerous thing todo is to accept its "assistance".

Cuban Troops Not Castro's But Brezhnev'sMercenariesAll reports prove that it was the big invadingarmy of Cuban mercenaries which won vic-tory for one side. During the last phase,Cubans were at the forefront, with modernheavy Soviet equipment, while Africansfunctioned as rear guard and medical corps.

Cuba is a small Third World country. It ispoor because of imperialist exploitation and

artificial underdevelopment. Cuba has no in-terest in invading any other country.The Cubans do not act as Cuba's militaryforce in Angola, but as Brezhnev's. Cuba byitself could never manage to equip, trans-port and finance such a huge military adven-ture. Expansionist Britain recruited imperia-list mercenaries among the Gurkha in Nepal.Now Brezhnev procures his in Cuba.

1"~.~.W111""1"..~~~.~MiiiWah~~~110

Cuba: Tragic Example of What Happens toKremlin's «Allies»Cuba is a frightening example of how a smalland poor country of the Third World can fallin the claws of social-imperialism unless itconsistently defends its complete autonomyand independence. The Cuban example showswhat can happen when revisionism gets afoothold in a liberation movement that hasled a vi ctorious struggle against the othersuperpower.The overthrow of the fascist US puppet Ba-tista in Cuba in 1959 was a big and signifi-cant victory and great encouragement for allanti-imperialists. Castro then played an im-portant progressive role for the people ofCuba.

Later Castro was to lead his country into thelair of social-imperialism. Castro did notapply the line of self-reliance, but relied onthe USSR for support against the US and todevelop the country. Cuba was changed froma US to a Soviet satellite. Significant achieve-ments of the Cuban revolution have been dras-tically undermined.Cuba's valiant people have a proud history ofrevolutionary struggle against several colo-nial powers. They will not accept social-im-perialist neo-colonialism forever. Mean-while, Cuba's tragedy is an instructive nega-tive example for countries and liberationmovements in the Third World.

Socialimperialism Arms ltselfto the TeethThe advancing social-imperialist superpowerwon in this competition with US-imperialismpartly because of large scale rearmamentand modernization of the Soviet war machine.

Soviet interference in Angola was a highlycomplicated and hazardous military operation

Troops tame from Cuba, heavy material wastransferred from the USSR. Soviet warfarestretched over three continents. With the warin Angola, social-imperialism showed thewhole world that it is capable of using itsenormous military resources in a dangerous-ly efficient manner.

No Country in the World is Safe Fromthe USSR in the world should feel safe from social-This is an important warning to the people of

imperialist military expansion, no matter

the world. When the USSR could intervene in how far away it is situated from the SovietAngola so quickly and efficiently, no country Union or one of its satellite states.

Social-Imperialism Plans NewOffensives in AfricaIt is important to note that the success inAngola can serve as a spring-board for fur-ther social-imperialist offensives.

The Soviet Union has won important politicalvictories. Many African countries originallycondemned Soviet intervention in Angola. Inaccord with the military success of theCuban-backed MPLA, many have changedtheir position and unilaterally recognized theLuanda government. For example, theOrganization of African Unity (OAU) firsttook a correct position to the Angolan war,and condemned all foreign intervention. Later

a majority of OAU nations have unilaterallyrecognized one side as Angola's official go-vernment.

The situation is such that many new "Angolag'can arise on the huge and important Africancontinent. The Soviet Union's appetite issharpened after success so far, and possibili-ties for further conspiracies are many.

The Soviet Union will also attempt to makeuse of its success to intervene in the libera-tion struggle agairst the white racist regimein Azania ("South Africa").

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No Imperialist Can Long Oppress the ValiantAfrican PeopleBut the progress of the African peoples can-not be stopped by social-imperialist intriguesAll over Africa the struggle intensifiesagainst racism, neo-colonialism and imperia-lism, and especially against the two imperia-list superpowers.

The victory over the Portuguese colonialpower has led to strong advances in thestruggle against the white racists in southernAfrica. In Zimbabwe true freedom fightersare conducting a successful people's warwhich has sealed the fate of the Smith regimeThe struggle in Namibia is also progressing.

Thereby the day approaches when the apart-heid regime in Azania will be crushed aswell.The whole of Africa will surely drive out theimperialist powers and free itself from thechains of neo-colonialism. Social-imperial-ism aims at exploiting the struggle againstthe old colonialists. It establishes footholdsby offering "aid" in the forms of arms andmercenaries. But the African peoples andnations are capable of freeing themselveswithout selling their independence to anyone.They will learn from history, and not allowone oppressor to replace another.

Strengthen Support of the LiberationStruggle

to anti-racist, anti-colonial and anti-fascistWe are therefore certain that social-imperial- struggles in Zimbabwe and Azania. We mustist advances in Africa will not last long. The support the struggle waged by African nationsworld's peoples must respond to social- against social-imperialism, US imperialismimperialist offensives by increased support and all other forms of imperialism.

Superpowers Prepare for World War ThroughLimited WarsHistory contains many examples of howimperialist superpowers prepare for bigwars by starting smaller ones. BeforeWorld War II, Germany and Italy trained inSpain, Italy started the war against Ethiopia,Japan made war in China.

The Soviet Union has used Angola as a train-ing ground to test equipment, communica-tions etc. The rehearsal has been quite suc-cessful. The USSR will inevitably launch

more limited wars to prepare for a big one.The Angolan war has revealed what a fake"detente" between the two imperialist supér-powers really is. It shows that contentionbetween the two superpowers sharpens. Itfurnishes new proof of how the danger of aworld war increases. The chances are in-creasing too, of new similarly "limited"operations developing into a new Poland,triggering war between the two imperialistblocks.

China and Albania Support thePeople Against the SuperpowersWhile the war in Angola once again revealedthe two superpowers as the worst enemies ofthe world's peoples, it has also furtherproved socialist China and socialist Albaniaas the best friends and the most reliablesupport to people fighting imperialism.Albania and China have consistently con-demned the intervention of US imperialismand social-imperialism. They have con-

demned the invasion by racist South Africa,and the use of mercenaries by both sidesAlbania and China have consistently support-ed the establishment of a joint governmdntwith the participation of all three groups, andthey have constantly supported the originalstand of the OAU favoring Angolan unityagainst foreign intervention.Social-imperialist propaganda has directed a

b..n b..n I b:~ I nnnn I i " Wqrib

campaign of vicious slander against thePeople's Republic of China in connection withAngola. Rumors claim that China intervenedin Angola, supported one side against theother, backed the South African racists, andeven paid for Western mercenaries.

A lie does not become truth simply by contin-uous repetition. The facts show that Chinasupported all three liberation movementswhile they fought against Portugal. As soonas Portugal was thrown out of the country,

China stopped giving support, declaredthat the Angolan people had to determine theirown path, and committed itself to supportunity among the three movements.That is true anti-imperialism, and isdiametrically opposed to the superpowers'conspiracy and divisive activity. It is also

worth noting that agitation against Chinaon the issue of Angola has decreased recently- because social-imperialist propagandacannot furnish any evidente to support thefalse claims of China's "support of reactionand imperialism".

Actually the violent attacks by social-imp-erialism on the People's Republic of Chinaonly express the Kremlin's fear of China'scorrect foreign policy, which supportsforces fighting against the superpowers. TheKremlin fears the People's Republic of China,because China led the way in condemning andexposing the maneuvers of social-imperial-ism. The people of the world will learn fromthis, and note that China and Albania aretheir true friends and moSt reliable allies,who have always given all-out support totheir struggle.

PART III:ANGOLA AND NORWAYThe svar in Angola also reveals how the dif-ferent political forces in Norway stand inrelation to the superpowers. It gives us new

material to help us see which forces are wil-ling to fight for the independence of our owncountry.

Factions of the Monopolist BourgeoisieSwing in a Pro-Soviet DirectionAs social-imperialism has recently gainedstrength at the expense of US imperialism,there have been some interesting changes inthe Norwegian bourgeoisie. Important groupsof politicians representing the monopolistbourgeoisie have swung in a more pro-Soviet direction.After World War II, the social-democrat par-ty DNA, the dominant party in Norway, wasthe main force in turning the country into adependency of US imperialism. The DNAwas the main pro-US party. Fifteen yearsago the DNA had a foreign minister who wasas loyal to US imperialism as Paul Thynæss,Kåre Kristiansen and Erik Gjems-Onstad (3)are today, namely Halvard Lange (4).Today the DNA leaders flirt openly with theKremlin tsars. The attitude of the Arbei-der bladet , the main DNA daily, andsimilar organs, has become increasinglyfriendly towards the USSR. In the trade unionmovement, the DNA relies more and more onconnections with the Soviet Union.Along the same line, social-democrat andliberal propaganda has been wholely on the

side of the MPLA and the USSR on the Ango-lan issue. This has nothing to do with weak-ening ties to imperialism, it just expressesthe fact that the bourgeoisie is influenced bythe general shift in the relation of forces be-tween the two superpowers.Other bourgeois groups react by coming outin stronger defense of US imperialism. Thisis the case for leaders of both the conserva-Live and Christian People's parties, and alsothe "mafia" of diehard US followers in theDNA, people like Haakon Lie and the idiotson the Nobel committee (5).

In this issue, there is just as much hypocrisyin both pro-imperialist camps. When the bigbourgeoisie and arch-reactionary politicianslike Thynæss and Gjems-Onstad condemn theSoviet adventure in Angola, they do so asconvinced sycophants of the US superpower.

When social-democrats and liberals sidewith the revisionists, and unilaterally criti-cize Western mercenaries, the South Africaninvasion and American investments, this ex-

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presses attachment to the Soviet Union andnothing else.True anti-imperialists oppose a 11 interven-tion in Angola, and condemn all powers aim-ing to profit at the expense of the liberationof the people of Angola.No leading Norwegian bourgeois politician hastaken a consistent anti-hegemonious stand.This reveals once again that no group within

the Norwegian monopolist bourgeoisie iswilling to fight for a consistent independentline aga inst all big imperialist powers.For the Norwegian monopolies, which havealways been junior partners to the big imp-erialist powers in international politics, thechoice is between on e s up e rp o we r orthe ot her . Therefore , no monopolistpolitician is willing to oppose both super-powers in Angola.

Revisionist Bosses Are Phony«Anti-lmperialists»The modern revisionist SV and "NKP" par-ties brag about being "anti-imperialist par-ties". But their so-called "anti-imperialism"is directed only against US and western imp-erialism, and not against social-imperial-ism, which is just as dangerous.

While social-imperialism oppresses theSoviet people and other peoples and preparesfor a world war, the Norwegian revisioniststall its fascism "socialism" and its warpreparations "peace policy". Concerningwestern imperialism, the "anti-imperialist"line of these parties does not extend beyondwords. They sabotage all real struggleagainst US imperialism in Norway.

Angola has furnished a new and flagrant ex-ample of how these parties in reality s up -port and defend imperialism.

SV and especially "NKP" have consistentlybeen an uncritical and loyal cheering squadfor social-imperialism. They have even des-cribed the use of mercenaries to slaughterAngolans as "assistance in the struggleagainst imperialism".Though the leaders of these parties allowthemselves to be used by imperialism, thefollowers of the "NKP" and the SV are on thewhole honest people who have been deceived.

Especially among the members and followersof the SV party there are still a good numberof honest young anti-imperialists. Theyshould learn that there is no true anti-imp-erialism directed towards one superpowerand not against the Soviet Union. Theyshould take the consequences of the reac-tionary stand of the SV on the Angola issue,and break all ties with the party.

WCP(M-L) the Only Real Anti-imperialist Party in NorwayThe WCP(M-L) is the only Norwegian partywhose program talls for struggle against bothsuperpowers and all forms of imperialism.

In the Angola issue, the WCP(M-L) is alsothe only Norwegian party having condemnedboth superpowers and all imperialist inter-ference. Past events have shown even clearerthat this was the only correct stand.

This is a new example demonstration thefact that the WCP(M-L) is now the only trueanti-imperialist party in Norway.

This does not menn that only members andsupporters of the WCP(M-L) are anti-imper-ialists. The Norwegian people have proud tra-ditions in the struggle for national independ-ence and against imperialism, traditionswhich are deeply rooted in the working peo-ple of Norway. The Norwegian people'sstruggles for independence which led to the

dissolution of the "union" with Sweden in1905, the resistance against the Nazi occupa-tion of 1940-45, the resistance against NATOin 1949, and the victory o ver the CommonMarket at the 1972 referendum, are examplesof the patriotism of the Norwegian people.Support to Spain in the civil war against fa-scism, support to the people of Vietnam andto the people of Czechoslovakia by the major-ity of the Norwegian people, express theirwillingness to demonscrate solidarity with theliberation struggles of other peoples againstimperialism.We know many people who do not agree'with).the party on all matters, but share our' viewson the Angolan issue. Progressive organiza-tions independent of all parties have also ta-ken correct stands. Individuals within thebourgeois and modern revisionist parties andindividual reporters in the bourgeois presshave also expressed correct viewpoints.

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Social-Imperialist Propaganda: No ResponseAmong Working PeopleIn spite of support to social-imperialist pro-paganda by important parts of the press,radio and television, no support for social-imperialism has emerged among the workingpeople. This shows that Norwegian workersare becoming more politically conscious, andthat they are learning to distinguish betweentrue struggle against imperialism, and ag-gression camouflaging itself with "anti-imperialist" phrases.Thereby Angola shows once again who anti-

imperialists can really count on when Norwayhas to be defended against the two superpow-ers and all other forins of imperialism. It isthe WCP(M-L) and a number of other indepen-dent and truly anti-imperialist organizations.It is the honest anti-imperialists inside andoutside the bourgeois parties who do notfollow these parties' leadership and do notsubmit to the superpowers. And it is thebroad masses of the working people - work-ers, small farmers and fishermen, students,youth, progressive intellectuals, and others.

Needed: United Front Against theSuperpowersAngola is a country with a relatively smallpopulation, in a strategically important po-sition in the contested zone between the su-perpowers. This is also the case for Nor-way. Therefore, Angola's fate should be awarning to all true anti-imperialists in Nor-way. They should join together in a unitedfront against the two superpavers, and mo-bilize and organize the masses of the working

people. Only the working people can defendNorway and prevent it from becoming a vic-tim of one or more superpowers, like Ango-la.

The WCP(M-L) will learn the lesson ofAngola. We must work even harder than be-fore to help build and support such a front.

FootnotesMarch-April 1976.The modern revisionist SV party was first

established in February 1973 as a "SocialistElectoral Alliance" (Sosialistisk Valgforbund)between the Socialist People's Party (SF:Sosialistisk Folkeparti) established in 1961by oppositional elements from the Social-democrat party DNA (Norwegian Labor Par-ty), the arch-revisionist "NKP" (Norway's"Communist" Party), a group from the DNA,and others. The SV alliance carried 12.5 per-cent of the vote in the 1973 elections to par-liament. The alliance became a party in 1975driving out a handful of overt Moscow agentsacting on orders from Moscow and who conti-nue to pose as "NKP". SV now stands for"Socialist Left Party" (Sosialistisk Venstre-parti). As modern revisionist treachery be-

comes unveiled to the masses, support tothe SV party diminishes. By 1976 polis giveroughly 6 percent of the vote to SV.

Three politicians from different rightistparties, noted for their pro-NATO stand andfor their support of US aggression all overthe world.

Social-democrat foreign minister duringthe Cold War and later.

5. Every year the Nobel Committee of theNorwegian parliament discerns the NobelPeace Prize. The Committee has attributedthe prize to such mass-murderers as HenryKissinger, causing great resentment amongworkers and people of Norway. The majorityof the committee are social-democrats.

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BOOKS in ENGL ISH

Documents From the First Joint Meetingof Nordic Marxist-Leninists, January 1975.At this aneeting representatives from thefollowing organizations were present:

Communist League Marxist-Leninists,Denmark,.The Marxist-Leninist Groups of Finland,Oyggjaframi M-L, the Faroe Islands,The Communist Unity League(M-L), Iceland,Norwegian Workers' Communist Party (M-4Communist Party of Sweden.

The documents include a Communique,Statement on the International Situation, andthe resolution Strengthen the Struggle AgainstModern Revisionism. Nier 5,—

Norwegian Marxist-Leninists Intensify theStruggle Against Social-imperialism, a reso-lution from the National Conference of theWCP(M-L), Norway, November 1974.The resoluition presents an analysis of social-imperialism, of the role of the two superpow-ers, and of the manner in which the struggleagainst social-imperialism should be wagedin Norway. N.14% 10,-

TYPOGRAPHER'S ERRORThree short paragraphs in the documentsfrom the first Joint Meeting of NordicMarxi gt ,--,Leninists, January 1975, have beenomitted by mistake. Erratum can be orderedfrom Oktober Forlag.,

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Resolation from the National Conferenceof the Workers' Communist Party al-L),

-Norway, November 1974

THE INTERNATIONBULLETIN

Class Struggle is the internationalbulletin of Klassekampen, thetwice-weekly paper of the Workers'Communist Party (M-L) of Norway,WCP(M-L) - Arbeidernes Kommunist-parti (m-l), AKP(m-l). Class Strugglenormally appears every other month.Its purpose is to inform its readers:

of aggression perpetrated by the twosuperpowers against Norway,of class struggle in Norway,of the struggle against revisionistsand revisionist organizations inNorway,of the activities and policy of the Nor-wegian Marxist-Leninist movement.

This special issue of Class Strugglepresents the WCP(M-L)'s analysis of

the recent civil svar in Angola, insti-gated by social-imperialism.For individual copies and subscriptionsplease write to: Class Struggle, Boks211, Sentrum, Oslo 1, Norway.Subscription rates:Norwegian kroner 10. -US dollars 2. -Deutsche Mark 4 .7 5Francs franÇais 8. -

Pay by bank cheque to Finn Sjue or topostal account no. 2 21 40 70Editor: Finn Sjue

Boks 2046 Griinerly5kka, Oslo 5Printed by A/S Duplotrykk,GrUnerløkka, Oslo 5.

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THE WAR ANGOLA

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against all imperialism.•.

The issue of Angola was thoroughtlY discuss-ed this spring (1) in a series of articles inKlassekampen, the organ of the Workers'Communist Party (M-L),-. :NorwaYu: Thisspecial is -itle f Class .,StrUggle,'tti inter.-

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national bulletin of t:_le WCP(M-L), brings atranslation of the most important of thesearticles. The articles express - the viewpointof the WCP(M-L) and are written by the fo-reign affairs editors of Klassekampen.

The articles analyze the course of events inAngola, and examine the many false accounts'which have been given of the war and itsbackground.

Furthermore, they examine the role of thesuperpowers in the war, showing how thewar in Angola emphasizes the fact thathostility between the US and the Soviet Unionis constantly sharpening. Finally, the analy-sis dissects the position of different groupsin Norway towards the war, including theleaders of the modern revisionist SV party.

Opportunists' Of all categories always strive.at siding with , the "winner". Since Soviet:arms'and Cuban mercenary troopsvon ån important military victory for one

;. ide in the civil war in-:Angola, all kinds ofp or t un ist s are prepared to acclaim the

AlVinners.fr

But political principles do not depend on whomthe "winner" is, and WCP(M-L)'s view-point on the issue of Angola is, of course,not based on that. The WCP(M-L)'s pointof view is based on principled struggle

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