The Civil War

History 10

By Gwen McEntee

The Civil War

History 10

By Gwen McEntee

Civil War Casualties as Motivation for Medical Progress

Gwen McEnteeHistory 10

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California Ground SquirrelWhoa, super cute!!!

As is typical for ground squirrels, California Ground Squirrels live in burrows which they excavate themselves. Some burrows are occupied communally. Although they readily become tame in areas used by humans, and quickly learn to take food left or offered by picnickers, they spend most of their time within 25 m of their burrow, and rarely go further than 50 m from it.

California Ground Squirrels are frequently preyed on by rattlesnakes. They are also preyed on by eagles, raccoons, foxes, badgers, and weasels. Interdisciplinary research at the University of California, Davis since the 1970s has shown that the squirrels use a variety of techniques to reduce rattlesnake predation. Some populations of California Ground Squirrels have varying levels of immunity to rattlesnake venom as adults. Female squirrels with pups also chew on the skins shed by rattlesnakes and then lick themselves and their pups (who are never immune to venom before one month of age) to disguise their scent. Sand-kicking and other forms of harassment provoke the snake to rattle its tail, which allows a squirrel to assess the size and friskiness (dependent on blood temperature) of the snake.[citation needed]

Another strategy is for a squirrel to super-heat and swish around its tail.[2] When hunting, rattlesnakes primarily rely on their pit organ, which detects infra-red. The hot-tail-swishing appears to convey the message "I am not a threat, but I am too big and swift-moving for it to be worth trying to hunt me." These two confrontational techniques also distract the snake from any nearby squirrel burrows containing pups.

• Major threat: rattlesnakes• Mothers chew rattlesnake skin

and lick their pups to disguise their scent

• Squirrels super-heat and swish their tails to intimidate snakes with infrared image

California Ground Squirrels

Responses:• Scent1

• Infra-red light2

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Major Threat: Rattlesnakes

REASONS TEENAGERS DON’T READ FOR PLEASURE

not enough time (other hobbies, homework, jobs

have to read assigned books. Don’t see books that look

interesting Don’t see friends and family

reading Find reading difficult

Why don’t teenagers read for pleasure?Not enough time (other hobbies, homework, jobs)

Have to read assigned books

Don’t see books that look interesting

Don’t see friends and family reading

Find reading difficult

Many teenagers don’t read for fun…

…Why?

Too little time

Assignments

Trouble reading

No culture of reading

No interesting books

Bottled water is bad

1.5 million tons of plastic used each year to bottle 89 billion liters of water.

Energy used to ship the bottled water is a waste of resources.

90 % of water bottles are not recycled.

Bottled water hurts the environment.

90% not recycled

Landfills

Great Pacific Garbage Patch

Is your water bottle here?

Photo by Jay Directo AFP Images

Is your water bottle here?

Sources

Images:

Directo, Jay. Canoe paddling through sea of garbage. Photograph. AFP Getty Images. Independent.co.uk. 18 Feb. 2009 <http://www.independent.co.uk/ multimedia/ archive/ 00015/ plastc050208_15074a.jpg>.

Facts:

Knopper, Melissa. “Bottled Water Backlash.” E - The Environmental Magazine May-June 2008: 36-39. GreenFILE. EBSCO. Abington Friends School, Jenkintown, PA. 23 Feb. 2009 <http://search.ebscohost.com/ login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=31967742&site=ehost-live>.