The Civil WarCauses, Battles, & Key Figures

CAUSESThere were many causes that led to the Civil War, however, the following are the most notable:

1.) Economic & Social Differences2.) States vs. Federal Rights3.) Slave vs. Non-Slave proponents4.) Growth of the Abolitionist Movement5.) Election of Abraham Lincoln

Economic & Social DifferencesNORTH:

Poor soil – therefore, could not produce agriculture as efficiently as the southRise of Industrialization

Factory systemDependent on WAGE LABOR to man factoriesDetested Slavery

Their economy wasn’t dependent on it

Economic & Social Differences (cont’d)

SOUTH:Rich, fertile farming soilProducing cotton was their staple cropCotton production relied heavily on SLAVE LABORTherefore, their economic sustainability was dependent upon slavesSupported slavery

because they could not survive without them

States vs. Federal RightsSouth strongly supported STATES rights

They wanted autonomy over how their states and governments were runThis would ensure more power for the state – therefore, more freedom to conduct themselves how they saw fitSouth fought for States Rights to protect their slave practicesJohn C. Calhoun was the Governor of S.C. at the time that South Carolina decided to secede from the Union in protest of Unionization

North strongly supported FEDERAL rightsBelieved in a Unionized countryBelieved that the United States should be controlled under one unifying force: The Federal Government

Slave vs. Non-Slave Proponents

NORTH:Supported the destruction of the institution of slavery

SOUTH:Vehemently detested the North for their abolitionist ideas

MISSOURI COMPROMISECreated to deal with the balance of free & non-free statesFugitive Slave Laws: part of the M.O. Compromise to ensure fairness among slave & non-slave states

Growth of

Abolitionist Movement

Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher StoweDred Scott CaseFugitive Slave ActJohn Brown’s RaidNat Turner’s Revolt

Election of Ol’ Abe

INFAMOUS BATTLES

Fort Sumter6 days after South Carolina seceded from the Union, the first shots of the Civil War rang out!Confederate Victory

Battle of GettysburgFought July 1-3, 1863Decisive Union victory

Union defeated Confederate Gen. Lee from further invading the North

Battle with largest number of CasualtiesSite for Lincoln’s famous “Gettysburg Address”

Battle of Antietam First major battle to take place on Union soilTook place in Sharpsburg, MarylandBloodiest SINGLE DAY battle in American History

KEY FIGURES Confederate President

Jefferson Davis Union President

Abraham Lincoln

Key Figures (cont’d)Confederate GeneralRobert E. Lee

Union GeneralUlysses S. Grant

Other Notorious Leaders• Abraham Lincoln

• Winfield Scott• George B. McClellan• Henry Wager Halleck• Ulysses S. Grant• Gideon Welles

• Jefferson Davis

• P.G.T. Beauregard• Joseph E. Johnston• Robert E. Lee• Stephen Mallory

Miscellaneous Information

Casualties & LossesUNION 140,414 killed in action~ 365,000 total dead275,200 wounded

CONFEDERATE72,524 killed in action~ 260,000 total dead137,000+ wounded

Confederate SurrenderThe Confederate Army surrendered at the Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865, marking the END of the Civil WarDocuments for the end of the war were signed in the parlor of the courthouse a few days later

Union & Confederate Capitols

Confederate Capitol was in Richmond, V.A

Union Capitol was in Washington, D.C.

Lincoln’s AssassinationTo celebrate the end of the Civil War, President Lincoln headed to the theater to enjoy a relaxing night outFord’s Theater is where he met his unfortunate and timely deathJohn Wilkes Booth, a southern, pro-slavery, confederate is responsible for

assassinating President Lincoln

THE ENDBy:

Kelly WilliamsAddie Wagner

Alicia Ross