The Circulatory System

• S. Williams

The Circulatory System consists of the blood,

arteries, veins, capillaries and the

Heart.

The Circulatory System

Blood

The functions of blood are

• transport,

• protection against disease.

• clotting of blood

The blood consists of plasma and 3 types of blood cell.

· Red Blood cells-contain Hemoglobin which carry Oxygen

· White blood cells-fight against disease and make antibodies.

· Platelets- help the blood to clot.

Red Blood Cells

• Red blood cells carry Oxygen

White blood cells

• White blood cells fight against disease

Platelets

• Platelets clot the blood

The Heart

• The heart is made of Cardiac muscle-it never tires.

• There are 4 chambers in the Heart : right and left atria and right and left ventricles.

The Heart

Blood vessels to Heart

The right side of the heart takes blood from the body and sends it to the lungs

The left side of the heart takes blood from the lungs and pumps it all round the body.

Blood flow

Pacemaker

The Pulse (Heartbeat)

The average pulse rate is 70 beats per minute.

Heart Disease

Exercise increases the pulse and breathing rates This allows more food and oxygen to the cells of the body. Heart disease is prevented by:

Regular exercise A healthy diet Not Smoking Avoiding too much Stress

Arteries Veins and Capillaries

Arteries carry blood away from the Heart.

They have thick walls, a narrow lumen, no valves and carry blood away from the heart

Arteries

Veins

Veins carry blood to the heart.

They have thin walls, a wide lumen, valves, and carry blood to the Heart.

Veins also have valves that prevent the backflow of blood

Capillaries

• Capillaries link Arteries to Veins. Their wall is only one cell thick and this allows substances to pass into and out of the blood.

Experiment: To demonstrate the effect of exercise and rest on Breathing Rate

Web Siteshttp://sln.fi.edu/biosci/systems/circulation.html

http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/blood/blood.htmlhttp://library.thinkquest.org/C0115080/?c=mainhttp://gened.emc.maricopa.edu/bio/bio181/BIOBK/BioBookcircSYS.htmlhttp://www.ijhtm.com/indIjhbtMar2001Frame.htmlhttp://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/B/Blood.htmlhttp://66.155.15.152/aboutabc/default.htmhttp://www.redcross.org/http://www.psbc.org/default.htmhttp://www.nyc.gov/blood.htmlhttp://www.bloodtransfusion.com/http://www.blood.co.uk/start.htmlhttp://www.iccbba.com/oldwebsite/internationalsocietyofbloodtransfusionshort.htm