The Circles of Prominence:

Ideal Ratios That Determine the Basis of

Facial Beauty

Philip A Young MD Statistics: Hil Lyons, Nate Mercado

Fall Meeting Sept 18-21, 2007

Circles of Prominence: -New Theory: Circles of Prominence:A New Theory on Facial Aesthetics. Philip A. Young, MD; Uttam Sinha, MD; Dale H. Rice, MD; Fred Stucker, MD. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2006;8:263-267. -Previous Theories: Leonardo Da Vinci and the Neoclassical Canons: External Landmarks, recent studies -NEED: Theory based on what observer finds important -Previous Studies: eye movements, iris -Ideal between zero and infinity -Every Distance, Dimension, or Shape within the face is a proportion of the Iris

Eyes?

Nose?

Mouth?

Iris

Nasal Tip Lower Lip

Mentum

3 Iris Widths

Iris=eye Nasal tip=nose Center of lower lip=mouth

Either 2,3,4 Iris Widths

Study: -Subjective survey -Goal to find the most pleasing ratio and picture -Created 27 pictures -100 random patients from a Head and Neck Surgery Clinic -Each person ranked all of the pictures from 1 to 27 -Number one ranking: most attractive -Number 27: the least attractive

Picture 11 Ratio 3,4,3

3 iris widths

3 iris widths

4 iris widths

averages pictures ratios12.19 1 4,4,410.57 2 4,4,313.75 3 4,4,27.37 4 4,3,44.67 5 4,3,39.45 6 4,3,217.32 7 4,2,417.37 8 4,2,319.13 9 4,2,212.22 10 3 4,49.29 11 3,4,312.36 12 3,4,27.49 13 3,3,44.28 14 3,3,39.76 15 3,3,219.93 16 3,2,419.67 17 3,2,321.07 18 3,2,213.64 19 2,4,410.26 20 2,4,324.41 21 2,2,214.13 22 2,3,224.14 23 2,2,314.84 24 2,4,213.47 25 2,3,410.59 26 2,3,324.47 27 2,2,4

Averages Pictures Ratios 4.67 5 4,3,3 4.28 14 3,3,3

-The lower average score the more attractive the picture was thought to be by this population

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Sheet2

Sheet3

Picture 5 4,3,3

Picture 14 3,3,3

4 iris widths

3 iris widths

Statistical Analysis:

-Permutation Test: Picture 14 (ratio 3,3,3) was more pleasing than all other pictures (p

Picture 5 Picture 14

Additional Study: picture 5 and 14 head to head -127 people in a facial plastic surgery clinic

39 88

Binomial test: p=0.000016 One sample test of proportion: p

Conclusion: -Data shows statistical significance: Suggests Iris, nasal tip, lower lip are the centerpieces of attention for anatomic units of the eye, nose and mouth -When these anatomic points of attention are balanced in relation to one another The arrangement is found to more attractive (i.e. Picture 14 with ratio 3,3,3) -Study shows more evidence that the Circles of Prominence is a viable theory that defines the elements of facial beauty in humans

Thank You

The Circles of Prominence: �Ideal Ratios That Determine the Basis of Facial Beauty Slide Number 2Slide Number 3Slide Number 4Slide Number 5Slide Number 6Slide Number 7Slide Number 8Slide Number 9Statistical Analysis:Slide Number 11Slide Number 12Thank YouSlide Number 14Slide Number 15Slide Number 16Slide Number 17Slide Number 18Slide Number 19