The Chinese and Japanese Response to Industrialization
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Transcript of The Chinese and Japanese Response to Industrialization
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The Chinese and Japanese Response to Industrialization
Readings: Smith, et al., 802-810, 841-849, 868-887
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China
English want to sell goods to China
China Emperors have no interest in buying anything from Europe.
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Emperor wrote letter to English king in which he says that Chinese produced everything of value.
Jesuits and others brought clocks and mechanical toys to China.
Father Mateo Ricci was in charge of missionary duties in China
Chinoiserie• Europeans wanted:
• Porcelain• Wallpaper• Chinese art• Chinese deer• Tea
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Chinoiserie
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India Began decline under
Aurangzeb (1659) British, French and
Portugal all establish colonies
British East India Company gains control
British win over Muslims in 1858
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India (continued) British destroy
India’s cotton industry
Had been best cotton producers
Sold opium to Chinese and grew it in India
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China, Britain and India Opium Wars
• British use steamships with cannons.
• They take the ships up the Chinese rivers
• They threaten the Chinese interior
• Treaty of Nanjing• Dismantled Chinese
tributary states.• Created “Treaty ports”
where Europeans could trade
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China Increasingly Unstable The Taiping Rebellion went on
from 1850-1864 The Self-Strengthening
Movement went on from 1860-1895
1885 France takes over Vietnam
Japan forces Chinese to grant independence to Korea and took control of Taiwan and Liaodong Peninsula
1898-Foreign powers divide China into spheres of influence
The HUNDRED DAYS Reform also took place.
Boxer Rebellion took place in 1899.
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Taiping Revolution
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French colonies
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Results
Took control of China in 1911.
He proclaimed Chinese Republic in 1912.
Government was very weak and warlords gained control throughout the country.
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Japan
Japan was feudal and was ruled by shoguns in reality.
By 19th century, Japan was in very bad shape• The Economy was
stagnating• There were many
revolts going on.
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Japan
In 1853, Matthew Perry arrives in Tokyo Bay with the message, “Trade with us or we’ll kill you!”
The boy emperor Mutsuhito takes power. His rule is known as Meiji (“Enlightened Rule”)
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Japan’s Desires Japan wants to become an Imperial
Power.• To do this, Japan invests heavily in weapons
and ships.• Japan’s Army modeled on Germany• Japanese Navy modeled on Britain.