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![Page 1: The chemical composition of the middle atmosphere - a nowcasting product based on irradiance observations of the experiments LYRA/PROBA2 and PREMOS/PICARD.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d815503460f94a656ac/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The chemical composition of the middle atmosphere - a nowcasting product based on irradiance observations of the experiments
LYRA/PROBA2 and PREMOS/PICARD
Werner Schmutz1), Tanja Egorova1), Eugene Rozanov1), Alexander Shapiro1), Anna Shapiro1),
Manfred Vogel2)1) Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos and
World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC), Davos, Switzerland2) Institut für 4D–Technologien, Hochschule für Technik FHNW, Windisch,
Switzerland
SOTERIA meeting, Saariselkä 22.3.2009
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22.3.2009
Overview
• The PMOD/WRC space projects– LYRA/PROBA2– PREMOS/PICARD
• The nowcasting project• Current additions to SOCOLi
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22.3.2009
LYRA
3 units12
detectors
24 LEDs…
315.0 x 92.5 x 222.0 mm~A4 size
5.0 kg
1 unit = 4 w
avelength
channels
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22.3.2009
LYRA (FM March 2006)
BESSY synchrotron calibration at PTB
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22.3.2009
LYRA integration on PROBA2 5.3.2007
Launch 15. July 2009
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22.3.2009
Filter Radiometers
LYRA/PROBA2 (launch July 2009 ?!)
PREMOS-PFR/PICARD (launch 2009 or early 2010)
LYRA: 30 (Zr), 70 (Al), 125, 210210 nm
PREMOS: 215215, 266, 535, 607, 782
nm
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22.3.2009
UV influence on the terrestrial atmosphere
Ozone mixing ratio changes (%) due to a 10% increase of the spectral solar flux in 1 wavelength bin (1 nm).
Ozone Herzberg band
210 nm
Ozone band 270 nm
Ly
30 km: level of max. ozone
change
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22.3.2009
LYRA Instrumenton PROBA2(built by ROB &
PMOD/WRC)
Chemistry ionosphereclimate model
(CICM)extension of CCM SOCOL
(Egorova et al., 2005)
On-line LYRA datafor space-weather
community
LYRA/PROBA2
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22.3.2009
Project idea
Nowcast of neutral and ion composition in the
mesosphere based on solar irradiance measurements
Hourly/Daily Data fromobservations by
PREMOS, LYRA, SORCE
Radiation spectrumreconstruction120-680 nm
(Egorova et al., 2008,ACP)
Nowcast of anomalies of neutraland charged species
with free running CICM SOCOLi
Nowcast results available on web
every 6 hoursOutput validation
to improve the model and experimental set-up
Evaluate the response of the middle atmosphere to the solar UV irradiance variability
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22.3.2009
Aim of Nowcast
• Find out how well we understand the solar influence on the middle atmosphere;
• Learn how to provide near-real-time operation;
• Space Weather Service is secondary goal but may become interesting if successful !
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22.3.2009
LYRA measurements:6-hourly solar irradiance at
115-125 nm (Lyman-)200-220 nm (Herzberg cont.)
Spectral irradiance for other wavelengthsMeasurements for previous month
Statistical tools
Input of spectral solar irradiance on model spectral grid for the next 6 hours
Data flow
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22.3.2009
Status PMOD/WRC project Model SOCOLi is developed Getting ready for „operational service“ after PROBA 2 launch
Develop data flow; automatic modelling, and tool to browse the result via link available through European Space Weather Portal web page
Publications: – Egorova T. et al. 2004, GRL 31, L06119: Chemical and dynamical
response to the 11-year variability of the solar irradiance simulated with a chemistry-climate Model
– Egorova T. et al. 2005, COSPAR, Adv. Space Res. 35, 451-457: Influence of solar 11-year variability on chemical composition of the stratosphere and mesosphere simulated with a chemistry-climate model
– Rozanov E., Egorova T., Schmutz W., Peter T., 2006, J. Atm. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 68, 2203–2213, Simulation of the stratospheric ozone and temperature response to the solar irradiance variability during sun rotation cycle
– Egorova et al. 2008, ACP 8, 2965-2973, Nowcast and short-term forecast in the middle atmosphere based on the observed UV irradiance.
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22.3.2009
SOCOL : modeling tool to study SOlar-Climate-Ozone LinksGeneral Circulation component (GCM): MA-ECHAM4 (Manzini & McFarlane,1998)Chemistry/transport component (CTM) : MEZON (Egorova et al., 2003)
GCM CTM
•Winds and temperature•H2O (troposphere)
•Ozone•H2O(stratosphere)
Main properties: ~4ºx4º (T30); L39; ~80km
Included all relevant physical, dynamical and chemical processes
Simulates wind, temperature, 43 neutral and 48 charged species
CICM SOCOL
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22.3.2009
Spectral solar irradiance on model spectral grid for the next 6 hours
Initial fields for 10 ensemble members
10-member model ensemble run
for the next 6 hours
Model output for the next 6 hours
Initialization fields forthe next period
Experimental setup
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22.3.2009
Mixing ratio of the neutral species and electrons, negative and positive ions density
for the 6 hour period after the last LYRA measurementand their statistical properties
OO+,+, O O22++, O, O44
++, N, N++, NO, NO++, N, N22++, H, H22OO22
++, H, H33OO++,O,O22++∙N∙N22, O, O22
++∙H∙H22O, HO, H33OO++∙OH, NO∙OH, NO++∙H∙H22O, O, NONO++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22, NO, NO++∙(H∙(H22O)O)33, NO, NO++∙CO∙CO22, NO, NO++∙N∙N22, NO, NO++∙H∙H22O∙COO∙CO22, NO, NO++∙H∙H22O∙NO∙N22, , NONO++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22∙CO∙CO22, NO, NO++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22∙N∙N22, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)33, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)44, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)55, , HH++∙(H∙(H22O)O)66, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)77, H, H33OO++∙CO∙CO22, H, H33OO++∙N∙N22, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22∙CO∙CO22, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22∙N∙N22
e¯,O¯, Oe¯,O¯, O22¯, O¯, O33¯, O¯, O44¯, OH¯, CO¯, OH¯, CO33¯, CO¯, CO44¯, NO¯, NO22¯, NO¯, NO33¯, HCO¯, HCO33¯, ClO¯, Cl¯, ¯, ClO¯, Cl¯, CHCH33¯,O¯,O22¯∙H¯∙H22O, NOO, NO33¯∙H¯∙H22O, COO, CO33¯∙H¯∙H22OO
OO33 , O , O** , O , O , O , O22**, NO, HO, NO, HO22, ClO, NO, ClO, NO22 , OH, NO , OH, NO33, N, N22OO55, HNO, HNO33,HONO,HONO33, ClONO, ClONO22, ,
Cl, N, NCl, N, N**, H, H22OO22, H, HOCl, Cl, H, HOCl, Cl22, Cl, Cl22OO22, HCl ,Br, CH, HCl ,Br, CH22O, BrO, HBr, HOBr, BrNOO, BrO, HBr, HOBr, BrNO33, ,
BrCl, CHBrCl, CH33, CH, CH33OO22, CH, CH33O, HCO, CHO, HCO, CH33OO22H, HH, H22O, CFC-11, CFC-12, NO, CFC-11, CFC-12, N22O, CHO, CH44, CO, , CO,
HH22, CBrF, CBrF33
Output data
4DLocation, height, and time
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22.3.2009
Positive ions
Negative ionsNegative ionsand electronsand electrons
NeutralsNeutrals
Graphs: Exp1-Graphs: Exp1-Exp2Exp2
1)1) Solar maximum Solar maximum with GCR at min + with GCR at min + NO ionizationNO ionization
2)2) Solar minimum Solar minimum control with GCR at control with GCR at max + NO max + NO ionizationionization
Model sensitivity to the changes of the solar spectral irradiance from minimum to maximum of the solar activity
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22.3.2009
SUSIM data
SOCOL SOCOL calculationscalculations
Microwave Radiometer SOMORA :
Data provided byBern University
N.Kämpfer group
Red: Ly-alphaBlue: Herzberg
(scaled)
Comparison 3D simulation and observations: signal of 27-day solar cycle in ozone
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22.3.2009
Latest update: SEP effects
Time-altitude distribution differences at 70-90 N relative to SEP effects turned off
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Summary• SWAP (0.1 Hz) + LYRA (60 Hz) on
PROBA2 provide the EUV equivalent in Europe of the NOAA SXI + GOES X-ray monitor 2009-2011
• SODISM + PREMOS on PICARD will continue in the near UV and visual 2009/2010-2012