The Cell Review

Osmosis is a form of ________transport.

• passive

List 2 ways in which plant and animal cells are structurally

different.

• Animals cell = many vacuoles, Centrioles and Lysosomes• Plant cell= large water vacuole,

chloroplast, cell wall

What part of a phospholipid would be touching water?

• Phosphate head

What type of cells are plant and animal cells?

• Eukaryotic Cells

Organelle: Site of chemical reactions; holds organelles

• cytoplasm

What type of eukaryotic cell is the following?

• Plant

The shape of the cell depends on its _______.

• function

Identify:

• Mitochondria

The movement of materials across the plasma membrane by the use of

transport proteins is called____________________.

• Facilitated diffusion

Organelle: Contains digestive enzymes that break down molecules

• Lysosomes

Suppose a ribosome attached to the rough ER made a protein. Where

will it go next?

• Golgi body

List one difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells = no nucleus; no membrane bound organelles• Eukaryotic cells = nucleus; have

membrane bound organelles

The plasma membrane of the cell is specific in what is allowed to enter and

exit the cell. This is an example of_________________.

• Selectively permeable or • Semi-permeable

A function of chloroplasts would be ____________________.

• Photosynthesis

Identify:

• Water Vacuole

When food is pushed out of the paramecium, (one celled protist)

this process is called______.

• Exocytosis

What part of a phospholipid would be NOT be touching water?

• Fatty Acid Tails

This macromolecule is found among the phospholipids and helps prevent

the fatty acid tails from sticking together.

• Cholesterol

Identify:

• Nucleolus

Which scientist came up with the word “cell” based on the

cells where monks lived?

• Robert Hooke

The pressure that exists inside a plant cell when it swells is

_________ pressure

• turgor

What part of the phospholipid would be touching water?

• Phosphate head

What is the significance of all the folds in the mitochondria?

• The folds increase the surface area so this small organelle can make a lot of energy

What would be the NORMAL environment for a plant cell?

• Hypotonic

Organelle: Provides support for plant cells

• Cell Wall

Osmosis does not occur when a cell is placed into a(n) _______ solution

• isotonic

Why does active transport use cellular energy?

• Active transports moves molecules from an area of LOW to HIGH

concentration (against the concentration gradient)

Identify:

• Chloroplast

The first person to observe and describe microscopic organisms and

living cells was

• Anton Leeuenhoek

What type of active transport is used to remove wastes and mucus

from a cell?

• Exocytosis

How are the mitochondria and chloroplast similar?

• Both help make energy

• 1 = phosphate head• 2= lipid tails

PhospholipidMolecule

1.____________________

2____________

What type(s) of solution(s) would you want to avoid in your

IV before going into surgery?

• Hypertonic• Hypotonic

Are phosphate heads hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

• Hydrophilic

Groups of two or more tissues that function together is called a(n)

________.

• organ

Organelle: Synthesizes (makes) proteins

• ribosomes

A cell membrane is a thin layer of lipids and _______________.

• proteins

Movement of molecules is from high to low concentrations is called

________

• Diffusion

A _______ is a solution in which the concentration of dissolved

substances is HIGHER than the concentration inside the cell.

• Hypertonic

Identify:

• Golgi body

Process by which a cell surrounds and takes in material from its

environment is called _____

• Endocytosis

The loss of turgor pressure is called __________

• plasmolysis

Maintaining a constant internal environment despite changing

external conditions is called ___

• Homeostasis

Organelle: Site of RNA synthesis

• Nucleolus

Movement of molecules without using cellular energy is called

_________

• Passive transport

What type of cell are bacteria?

• Prokaryotic cell

Organelle: Acts like a conveyer belt (transports proteins)

• Rough ER

Organelle: Control center for all cell functions

• Nucleus

A ________ is a solution in which the concentration of dissolved

substances is LOWER than the concentration inside the cell.

• Hypotonic

Identify:

• Cell Wall

Organelle: Control materials in & out of the cell

• Plasma (cell) membrane

What type of eukaryotic cell is the following?

• Animal

A group of cells that function together is called _______.

• tissue

Organelle: Assists organelles to move from place to place within the

cell

• microfilaments

Are fatty acid tails hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

• Hydrophobic

Identify:

• Rough ER

Organelle: Power house of the cell (energy, ATP)

• mitochondria

Identify:

• Centrioles

Study your notes and worksheets.

100 point test tomorrow!