THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION or COUNTER-REFORMATION Catholic response(s) to the Protestant movements

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THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION or COUNTER- REFORMATION Catholic response(s) to the Protestant movements New religious orders Ignatius of Loyola – founded Society of Jesus (Jesuits) Devoted to spreading Catholicism by 1. Missionary work in foreign lands 2. Establishing schools and universities

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THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION or COUNTER-REFORMATION Catholic response(s) to the Protestant movements New religious orders Ignatius of Loyola – founded Society of Jesus (Jesuits) Devoted to spreading Catholicism by 1 . Missionary work in foreign lands 2 . Establishing schools and universities. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION or COUNTER-REFORMATION Catholic response(s) to the Protestant movements

Page 1: THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION or COUNTER-REFORMATION Catholic response(s) to the Protestant movements

THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION or COUNTER-REFORMATION

Catholic response(s) to the Protestant movements

New religious orders

Ignatius of Loyola – founded Society of Jesus (Jesuits)

Devoted to spreading Catholicism by

1. Missionary work in foreign lands

2. Establishing schools and universities

Page 2: THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION or COUNTER-REFORMATION Catholic response(s) to the Protestant movements

Teresa of Avila – reformed Carmelite order of nuns

Called for stricter following of original Catholic teaching

1. focus on prayer and meditation

2. vows of poverty and seclusion

Page 3: THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION or COUNTER-REFORMATION Catholic response(s) to the Protestant movements

Index Librorum Prohibitorum (List of Prohibited Books)

Created in 1559 , lasted until 1966

Eventually included 4000 titles

Some works/authors were banned for religious differences…

Martin Luther John Calvin

…but scientists and philosophers were also on the list

Machiavelli Bacon Locke Voltaire

Thomas Hobbes – Eng. author; all of his works were banned

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Revival of the Inquisition

Special Church courts set up to

punish heretics, enforce Church teachings

Most famous Inquisition was in Spain, 1478-1834

1550-1700 3000-5000 put to death

1676 Inquisition collected property worth 700,000 ducats (1 ducat=$44)

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Council of Trent (1545-1563)

Series of meetings of various Catholic leaders

Originally called to discuss issues with Protestants, ended up mostly reinforcing traditional Catholic ideas:

~ salvation = faith + works (not “faith alone”)

~ Church as the ultimate interpreter of Scripture

~ Sacraments and most traditional practices were reaffirmed

Some changes were made by the Council:

~ Sale of indulgences was banned

~ Bishops must live in their dioceses (did away with pluralism)

~ Condemned practice of clergy having mistresses

~ created the Index of forbidden books

Page 6: THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION or COUNTER-REFORMATION Catholic response(s) to the Protestant movements
Page 7: THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION or COUNTER-REFORMATION Catholic response(s) to the Protestant movements

REFORMATION MAPUsing colored pencils, show where each of the listed religions had influence in Europe and

North Africa. Make a key!

Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox

Lutheran Islam

Calvinist Anglican