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The bones of limbs The upper & The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im.
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Transcript of The bones of limbs The upper & The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im.
The bones of limbs
The upper & The lower Limbs
By
Khaled Na3im
1.The bones of upper limb
Include shoulder girdle and bones of
upper limb.
Composition of the upper limb
Humerus: Anterior
Humerus
Scapula
Clavicle
Radius UlnaClick R Button for Slideshow
Greater tubercle
Coracoid processLesser tubercle
Acromion process
Glenoid fossa
Deltoid tuberosity
Medial epicondyle
Trochlea
Lateral epicondyle
Coronoid fossa
Capitulum
Humerus: Anterior2
Humerus
Scapula
Clavicle
Radius Ulna
Greater tubercle
Coracoid processLesser tubercle
Acromion process
Glenoid fossa
Deltoid tuberosity
Medial epicondyle
Trochlea
Lateral epicondyle
Coronoid fossa
Capitulum
Humerus: Posterior
Right Arm, Posterior
Scapula
Spine of scapula
Glenoid fossa of scapula
Head of humerus
Deltoid tuberosityof humerus
Humerus
Ulna
Olecranon process of ulna
Radius
Greater tubercle of humerus
Medial epicondyleof humerus
Acromion of scapula
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
The shoulder girdle Clavicle Scapula
Clavicle
medial (or sternal) end lateral (or acromial) end: medial 2/3 is
convex
Scapula1.two surfaces : anterior surface: subscapular fossa dorsal surface: spine of scapula acromion supraspinous fossa infraspinous fossa 2. three borders:(superior,lateral,medial) superior border → coracoid process3. three angles (the superior, inferior and lateral ) lateral angle → glenoid cavity inferior angle →the 7th rib
Bones of upper limb
1.Arm:humerus
2.Forearm:radius )is the lateral bone ) ulna ( is the medial bone )
3.Hand: carpal bones are 8 , metacarpal bones are 5 and phalanges ( 14 )
The humerus: is a long bone ,has a body
(shaft) and two ends (extremities)
The upper (proximal) end : head of humerus lateral →greater tubercle anterior →lesser tubercle surgical neck Body: deltoid tuberosity sulcus for radial nerveThe lower end: lateral → capitulum medial →trochlea coronoid fossa olecranon fossa lateral and medial epicondyles sulcus for ulnar nerve
. Carrying angle …
Nerves related
The radius
The proximal end: a head…, neck ..and tuberosity …. The shaft: interosseous borderThe distal end: styloid process
The wrist joint is made up between radius and two carpal bones; the ulna does not share in formation of wrist joint .
Forearm: Anterior
Radius Ulna
Humerus
Lateral epicondyleof humerus
Medial epicondyleof humerus
Coronoid processof ulna
Head of radius
Coronoid fossaof humerus
Capitulum ofhumerus
Trochlea ofhumerus
Radial tuberosity
Styloid processof ulna
Styloid process of radius
Radius Ulna
Humerus
Lateral epicondyleof humerus
Medial epicondyleof humerus
Coronoid processof ulna
Head of radius
Coronoid fossaof humerus
Capitulum ofhumerus
Trochlea ofhumerus
Radial tuberosity
Styloid processof ulna
Styloid process of radius
The ulna
The proximal end: olecranon coronoid process trochlear notch ulnar tuberosityThe shaft: interosseous borderThe distal end: a head and
a styloid process
The bones of hand
include three parts: the carpal bones,
the metacarpal bones
and phalanges
The carpal bones ( the bones of the wrist )
The proximal row : scaphoid, lunate, triquetral and pisiform bones The distal row :trapezium, trapezoid,
capitate and hamate bones
MnemonicforLearningCarpals
She Likes To PlayLunateIn the moonlight
TriquetrumThe third T Bone
PisiformPea-shaped
Try To Catch Her
Trapezium:“It’s by the thumb”
Trapezoid“Is by its side”
Capitate
HamateA hamboneWith a hook
ScaphoidA boat
The Carpal bones
Some Lovers Try Positions
That They Can't Handle
.The metacarpal bones ( short long bones i.e has 3 parts :
a shaft, and 2 ends a head, a base
. The phalanges : 14 in number , two for the
thumb and three for each of other digits.
The metacarpal bones Are 5 :
Hand Quiz
CD
E
F
G
HJK
A
B
Hand Quiz Answers
C. Trapezium
D. Scaphoid
E. Lunate
F. Triquetrum
G. Pisiform
H. HamateJ. Capitate
K. Trapezoid
B. MetacarpalsA. Phalanges
Anatomical DrawingsCopyright Free Anatomical Drawings:
•Online:•Gray’s Anatomy, 1918: 1250 free drawings with descriptions.Excellent quality, but heavily labeled. http://www.bartleby.com/107/•Carl Bock. Handbuch der Anatomie des Menschen. 1841. Put on the web by Ronald A. Bergmanhttp://www.anatomyatlases.org/atlasofanatomy/index.shtmlGreat drawings; fewer labels than Gray’s.
•Old Books (UC Berkeley Biosciences Library: (Xerox, then scan):•Cull, P., Ed. (1989). The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration. Park Ridge, NJ, Parthenon. Simple line drawings. Copyright free.•Toldt, C. (1907). Anatomischer Atlas fur Studierende und Arzte. Berlin, Urban & Schwarzenberg.
•The Limb Bones Powerpoint uses line drawings from Cull.•This disc has examples of drawings from Gray’s & Bock (skull & pelvis)•Make your own photographs & drawings using our models
Medical Mnemonics
Some are in books like this:
•Goldberg, S. (1984). Clinical Anatomy Made Ridiculously Simple. Miami, FL, MedMaster.
There are many more on the Internet. The best site that I have seen is Medical Mnemonics:
•http://www.medicalmnemonics.com
Try making up your own