The Blue-prints of

LifeCell

DivisionPass It On The Priest

and the Pea

Pretty Punnett Squares

200 200200 200 200

400 400400 400 400

600 600600 600 600

800 800800 800 800

1000 10001000 1000 1000FINAL JEOPARDY

200-1

Where can you find the genetic material

that contains the instructions to build

and run an organism?

The nucleus of almost every cell.

400-1

How many chromosomes does

each human cell contain?

46

600-1

What molecule are chromosomes made

of?

DNA

800-1

What do you call a specific part of a

chromosome which controls a specific

trait, like eye color?

A gene

1000-1

Why do chromosomes always exist in

pairs?

In organisms which reproduce sexually, one chromosome is

contributed by the male “parent” and one chromosome is

contributed by the female “parent”.

200-2

Whenever a cell divides, one of the first steps is

to replicate its DNA. What does replicate

mean?

Copy

400-2

Sometimes during DNA replication, a mistake can

occur in the genetic code. This causes different information to be passed on to the new cells. What is this mistake called?

A mutation

600-2

What types of cells are produced by

meiosis?

The sex cells (sperm and ova)

800-2

How do the number of chromosomes in a

daughter cell compare to the number of

chromosomes in the parent cell after mitosis is

completed?

There is the same number of chromosomes in a daughter cell as there were in the parent cell after

mitosis is completed. (For example, when human cells undergo mitosis, one

parent cell with 46 chromosomes produces two daughter cells, each with

46 chromosomes.)

1000-2How do the number of

chromosomes in a daughter cell compare to

the number of chromosomes in the

parent cell after meiosis is completed?

There is half the number of chromosomes in a daughter cell as there were in the parent cell after

meiosis is completed. (For example, when human cells undergo meiosis,

one parent cell with 46 chromosomes produces four daughter cells, each with

23 chromosomes.)

200-3

What is another word for an organism’s

characteristics?

Traits

400-3

When parents pass their traits on to their

offspring, this is known as

_______________.

Heredity

600-3

What is genetics?

The study of heredity.

800-3

Every organism possesses ______

genes for any given trait.

Two

1000-3

What is the difference

between genotype and phenotype?

Genotype refers to the combination of genes an organism inherits for a specific trait. Phenotype refers to the physical trait

that the genes actually produce. For example, a genotype for eye color might be

Bb where B is a brown gene and b is a green gene. The phenotype for the

genotype of Bb would be brown eyes.

200-4

Who is considered to be the “father of

genetics”?

Gregor Mendel

400-4

What type of gene requires that an

organism only has one of these genes

to produce the trait?

A dominant gene

600-4

What type of gene requires that an

organism has two of these genes to

produce the trait?

A recessive gene

800-4

When a purebred tall pea plant was crossed with a purebred short

pea plant, all of the “baby” plants were tall.

Why?

The tall gene was dominant over the

short gene.

1000-4

Name two reasons why all dominant genes do

not necessarily show up in the majority of the human population.

1) Humans that may have had a dominant mutation were contained by geographical features like mountains, rivers, deserts, etc. and distance. They could not cross these features until technological advancements in travel allowed them to do so. 2) Some humans do not reproduce outside their own cultural groups for a variety of cultural reasons.

200-5

What is the difference between a symbol used to represent a dominant gene and a symbol used to represent a recessive

gene?

A dominant symbol uses a capital letter and a recessive gene uses

a lowercase letter.

400-5

Symbols for dominant and recessive genes

which control the same trait are always

the same _______________.

Letter

600-5

If a pea plant possesses a dominant gene for gray

seed covers and a recessive gene for white seed covers, how would

you represent that in symbols?

Gg (G is for gray and g is for

white)

800-5

In a certain species of plant, the gene for red flowers (R) is dominant over the gene for yellow flowers (r). Use this information to complete a

Punnett square which predicts the offspring of two plants. One plant has a genotype of Rr and another has a genotype of rr.

1000-5In a certain species of plant, the gene for red flowers

(R) is dominant over the gene for yellow flowers (r). Use the Punnett square below to determine the

probability that the offspring of two plants with the genotype Rr will produce certain offspring.

What is the probability that offspring of these parents will have purebred red flowers?

What is the probability that offspring of these parents will

have red flowers, but be carriers of the yellow flower gene?

What is the probability that offspring of these parents will have purebred yellow flowers?

What is the probability that offspring of these parents will have purebred red flowers?

 25% (1/4 - RR)

  

What is the probability that offspring of these parents will have red flowers, but be carriers of the yellow flower gene?

 50% (2/4 - Rr)

  

What is the probability that offspring of these parents will have purebred yellow flowers?

 25% (1/4 - rr)

FINAL JEOPARDY

If two tall pea plants with the genotype of Tt produce

offspring, how many different genotypes could

possibly be produced? How many different

phenotypes could possibly be produced.

Three different genotypes could possibly be produced (TT, Tt and

tt). 

Two different phenotypes could possibly be produced (tall and

short).