THE BLACK RIDERS AND OTHER LINES

is eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost norestrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under theterms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online athp://www.gutenberg.org/license.

Title: e Black Riders and Other Lines

Author: Stephen Crane

Release Date: September , [EBook #]

Language: English

Character set encoding: UTF-

*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BLACK RIDERS ANDOTHER LINES ***

Produced by Al Haines.

[image]

Cover

THE BLACK RIDERS ANDOTHER LINES

BY STEPHEN CRANE

PRIVATELY REPRINTEDBY COURTESY OF SMALL,

MAYNARD & COMPANY

Copyright, , by Copeland & Day

IBlack Riders came from the sea.ere was clang and clang of spear and shield,And clash and clash of hoof and heel,Wild shouts and the wave of hairIn the rush upon the wind:us the ride of Sin.

IIree lile birds in a rowSat musing.A man passed near that place.en did the lile birds nudge each other.ey said, "He thinks he can sing."ey threw back their heads to laugh,With quaint countenancesey regarded him.ey were very curious,

iv

ose three lile birds in a row.

IIIIn the desertI saw a creature, naked, bestial,Who, squaing upon the ground,Held his heart in his hands,And ate of it.I said, "Is it good, friend?""It is bier--bier," he answered;"But I like itBecause it is bier,And because it is my heart."

IVYes, I have a thousand tongues,And nine and ninety-nine lie.ough I strive to use the one,It will make no melody at my will,But is dead in my mouth.

VOnce there came a manWho said,"Range me all men of the world in rows."And instantlyere was terric clamor among the peopleAgainst being ranged in rows.ere was a loud quarrel, world-wide.

vIt endured for ages;And blood was shedBy those who would not stand in rows,And by those who pined to stand in rows,Eventually, the man went to death, weeping.And those who staid in bloody scueKnew not the great simplicity.

VIGod fashioned the ship of the world carefullyWith the innite skill of an All-MasterMade He the hull and the sails,Held He the rudderReady for adjustment.Erect stood He, scanning his work proudly.en--at fateful time--a Wrong called,And God turned, heeding.Lo, the ship, at this opportunity, slipped slyly,Making cunning noiseless travel down the ways.So that, forever rudderless, it went upon the seasGoing ridiculous voyages,Making quaint progress,Turning as with serious purposeBefore stupid winds.And there were many in the skyWho laughed at this thing.

VIIMystic Shadow, bending near me,Who art thou?Whence come ye?And--tell me--is it fairOr is the truth bier as eaten re?

vi

Tell me!Fear not that I should quaver,For I dare--I dare.en, tell me!

VIIII looked here;I looked there;Nowhere could I see my love.And--this time--She was in my heart.Truly, then, I have no complaint,For though she be fair and fairer,She is none so fair as sheIn my heart.

IXI stood upon a high place,And saw, below, many devilsRunning, leaping,And carousing in sin.One looked up, grinning,And said, "Comrade! Brother!"

XShould the wide world roll away,Leaving black terror,Limitless night,Nor God, nor man, nor place to stand

vii

Would be to me essential,If thou and thy white arms were there,And the fall to doom a long way.

XIIn a lonely place,I encountered a sageWho sat, all still,Regarding a newspaper.He accosted me:"Sir, what is this?"en I saw that I was greater,Aye, greater than this sage.I answered him at once,"Old, old man, it is the wisdom of the age."e sage looked upon me with admiration.

XII"and the sins of the fathers shall bevisited upon the heads of the children,even unto the third and fourthgeneration of them that hate me."

Well, then, I hate thee, Unrighteous Picture;Wicked Image, I hate thee;So, strike with thy vengeancee heads of those lile menWho come blindly.It will be a brave thing.

viii

XIIIIf there is a witness to my lile life,To my tiny throes and struggles,He sees a fool;And it is not ne for gods to menace fools.

XIVere was crimson clash of war.Lands turned black and bare;Women wept;Babes ran, wondering.ere came one who understood not these things.He said, "Why is this?"Whereupon a million strove to answer him.ere was such intricate clamor of tongues,at still the reason was not.

XV"Tell brave deeds of war."

en they recounted tales,--"ere were stern stands"And bier runs for glory."

Ah, I think there were braver deeds.

XVIChanty, thou art a lie,

ix

A toy of women,A pleasure of certain men.In the presence of justice,Lo, the walls of the templeAre visiblerough thy form of sudden shadows.

XVIIere were many who went in huddled procession,ey knew not whither;But, at any rate, success or calamityWould aend all in equality.

ere was one who sought a new road.He went into direful thickets,And ultimately he died thus, alone;But they said he had courage.

XVIIIIn Heaven,Some lile blades of grassStood before God."What did you do?"en all save one of the lile bladesBegan eagerly to relatee merits of their lives.is one stayed a small way behind,Ashamed.Presently, God said,"And what did you do?"e lile blade answered, "Oh, my Lord,"Memory is bier to me,"For, if I did good deeds,

x"I know not of them."en God, in all His splendor,Arose from His throne."Oh, best lile blade of grass!" He said.

XIXA god in wrathWas beating a man;He cued him loudlyWith thunderous blowsat rang and rolled over the earth.All people came running.e man screamed and struggled,And bit madly at the feet of the god.e people cried,"Ah, what a wicked man!"And--"Ah, what a redoubtable god!"

XXA learned man came to me once.He said, "I know the way,--come."And I was overjoyed at this.Together we hastened.Soon, too soon, were weWhere my eyes were useless,And I knew not the ways of my feetI clung to the hand of my friend;But at last he cried, "I am lost."

xi

XXIere was, before me,Mile upon mileOf snow, ice, burning sand.And yet I could look beyond all this,To a place of innite beauty;And I could see the loveliness of herWho walked in the shade of the trees.When I gazed,All was lostBut this place of beauty and her.When I gazed,And in my gazing, desired,en came againMile upon mile,Of snow, ice, burning sand.

XXIIOnce I saw Mountains angry,And ranged in bale-front.Against them stood a lile man;Aye, he was no bigger than my nger.I laughed, and spoke to one near me,"Will he prevail?""Surely," replied this other;"His grandfathers beat them many times."en did I see much virtue in grandfathers,--At least, for the lile manWho stood against the Mountains.

XXIII

xii

Places among the stars,So gardens near the sun,Keep your distant beauty;Shed no beams upon my weak heart.Since she is hereIn a place of blackness,Not your golden daysNor your silver nightsCan call me to you.Since she is hereIn a place of blackness,Here I stay and wait.

XXIVI saw a man pursuing the horizon;Round and round they sped.I was disturbed at this;I accosted the man."It is futile," I said,"You can never"--

"You lie," he cried,And ran on.

XXVBehold, the grave of a wicked man,And near it, a stern spirit.

ere came a drooping maid with violets,But the spirit grasped her arm."No owers for him," he said.e maid wept:"Ah, I loved him."

xiii

But the spirit, grim and frowning:"No owers for him."

Now, this is it--If the spirit was just,Why did the maid weep?

XXVIere was set before me a mighty hill,And long days I climbedrough regions of snow.When I had before me the summit-view,It seemed that my laborHad been to see gardensLying at impossible distances.

XXVIIA youth in apparel that glieredWent to walk in a grim forest.ere he met an assassinAired all in garb of old days;He, scowling through the thickets,And dagger poised quivering,Rushed upon the youth."Sir," said this laer,"I am enchanted, believe me,"To die, thus,"In this medieval fashion,"According to the best legends;"Ah, what joy!"en took he the wound, smiling,And died, content.

xiv

XXVIII"Truth," said a traveller,"Is a rock, a mighty fortress;"Oen have I been to it,"Even to its highest tower,"From whence the world looks black."

"Truth," said a traveller,"Is a breath, a wind,"A shadow, a phantom;"Long have I pursued it,"But never have I touched"e hem of its garment."

And I believed the second traveller;For truth was to meA breath, a wind,A shadow, a phantom,And never had I touchede hem of its garment.

XXIXBehold, from the land of the farther sunsI returned.And I was in a reptile-swarming place,Peopled, otherwise, with grimaces,Shrouded above in black impenetrableness.I shrank, loathing,Sick with it.And I said to him,"What is this?"He made answer slowly,"Spirit, this is a world;"is was your home."

xv

XXXSupposing that I should have the courageTo let a red sword of virtuePlunge into my heart,Leing to the weeds of the groundMy sinful blood,What can you oer me?A gardened castle?A owery kingdom?

What? A hope?en hence with your red sword of virtue.

XXXIMany workmenBuilt a huge ball of masonryUpon a mountain-top.en they went to the valley below,And turned to behold their work."It is grand," they said;ey loved the thing.

Of a sudden, it moved:It came upon them swily;It crushed them all to blood.But some had opportunity to squeal.

XXXIITwo or three angelsCame near to the earth.ey saw a fat church.

xvi

Lile black streams of peopleCame and went in continually.And the angels were puzzledTo know why the people went thus,And why they stayed so long within.

XXXIIIere was one I met upon the roadWho looked at me with kind eyes.He said, "Show me of your wares."And this I did,Holding forth one.He said, "It is a sin."en held I forth another;He said, "It is a sin."en held I forth another;He said, "It is a sin."And so to the end;Always he said, "It is a sin."And, nally, I cried out,"But I have none other."en did he look at meWith kinder eyes."Poor soul!" he said.

XXXIVI stood upon a highway,And, behold, there cameMany strange pedlers.To me each one made gestures.Holding forth lile images, saying,"is is my paern of God."Now this is the God I prefer."

xvii

But I said, "Hence!"Leave me with mine own,"And take you yours away;"I can't buy of your paerns of God,"e lile Gods you may rightly prefer."

XXXVA man saw a ball of gold in the sky;He climbed for it,And eventually he achieved it--It was clay.

Now this is the strange part:When the man went to the earthAnd looked again,Lo, there was the ball of gold.Now this is the strange part:It was a ball of gold.Aye, by the Heavens, it was a ball of gold.

XXXVII met a seer.He held in his handse book of wisdom."Sir," I addressed him,"Let me read.""Child--" he began."Sir," I said,"ink not that I am a child,"For already I know much"Of that which you hold."Aye, much."

xviii

He smiled.en he opened the bookAnd held it before me.--Strange that I should have grown so suddenly blind.

XXXVIIOn the horizon the peaks assembled;And as I looked,e march of the mountains began.As they marched, they sang,"Aye! We come! We come!"

XXXVIIIe ocean said to me once,"Look!"Yonder on the shore"Is a woman, weeping."I have watched her."Go you and tell her this,--"Her lover I have laid"In cool green hall."ere is wealth of golden sand"And pillars, coral-red;"Two white sh stand guard at his bier.

"Tell her this"And more,--"at the king of the seas"Weeps too, old, helpless man."e bustling fates"Heap his hands with corpses"Until he stands like a child,"With surplus of toys."

xix

XXXIXe livid lightnings ashed in the clouds;e leaden thunders crashed.A worshipper raised his arm."Hearken! Hearken! e voice of God!"

"Not so," said a man."e voice of God whispers in the heart"So soly"at the soul pauses,"Making no noise,"And strives for these melodies,"Distant, sighing, like faintest breath,"And all the being is still to hear."

XLAnd you love me?

I love you.

You are, then, cold coward.

Aye; but, beloved,When I strive to come to you,Man's opinions, a thousand thickets,My interwoven existence,My life,Caught in the stubble of the worldLike a tender veil,--is stays me.No strange move can I makeWithout noise of tearing.I dare not.

If love loves,

xx

ere is no worldNor word.All is lostSave thought of loveAnd place to dream.You love me?

I love you.

You are, then, cold coward.

Aye; but beloved--

XLILove walked alone.e rocks cut her tender feet,And the brambles tore her fair limbs.ere came a companion to her,But, alas, he was no help,For his name was Heart's Pain.

XLIII walked in a desert.And I cried,"Ah, God, take me from this place!"A voice said, "It is no desert."I cried, "Well, but--"e sand, the heat, the vacant horizon."A voice said, "It is no desert."

XLIII

xxi

ere came whisperings in the winds"Good bye! Good bye!"Lile voices called in the darkness:"Good bye! Good bye!"en I stretched forth my arms."No--no--"ere came whisperings in the wind:"Good bye! Good bye!"Lile voices called in the darkness:"Good bye! Good bye!"

XLIVI was in the darkness;I could not see my wordsNor the wishes of my heart.en suddenly there was a great light--"Let me into the darkness again."

XLVTradition, thou art for suckling children,ou art the enlivening milk for babes;But no meat for men is in thee.en--But, alas, we all are babes.

XLVIMany red devils ran from my heartAnd out upon the page,ey were so tiny

xxii

e pen could mash them.And many struggled in the ink.It was strangeTo write in this red muckOf things from my heart.

XLVII"ink as I think," said a man,"Or you are abominably wicked;"You are a toad."

And aer I had thought of it,I said, "I will, then, be a toad."

XLVIIIOnce there was a man,--Oh, so wise!In all drinkHe detected the bier,And in all touchHe found the sting.At last he cried thus:"ere is nothing,--"No life,"No joy,"No pain,--"ere is nothing save opinion,"And opinion be damned."

XLIX

xxiii

I stood musing in a black world,Not knowing where to direct my feet.And I saw the quick stream of menPouring ceaselessly,Filled with eager faces,A torrent of desire.I called to them,"Where do you go? What do you see?"A thousand voices called to me.A thousand ngers pointed."Look! Look! ere!"

I know not of it.But, lo! in the far sky shone a radianceIneable, divine,--A vision painted upon a pall;And sometimes it was,And sometimes it was not.I hesitated.en from the streamCame roaring voices,Impatient:"Look! Look! ere!"

So again I saw,And leaped, unhesitant,And struggled and fumedWith outspread clutching ngers.e hard hills tore my esh;e ways bit my feet.At last I looked again.No radiance in the far sky,Ineable, divine;No vision painted upon a pall;And always my eyes ached for the light.en I cried in despair,"I see nothing! Oh, where do I go?"e torrent turned again its faces:"Look! Look! ere!"And at the blindness of my spirit

xxiv

ey screamed,"Fool! Fool! Fool!"

LYou say you are holy,And thatBecause I have not seen you sin.Aye, but there are thoseWho see you sin, my friend.

LIA man went before a strange god,--e god of many men, sadly wise.And the deity thundered loudly,Fat with rage, and pung,"Kneel, mortal, and cringe"And grovel and do homage"To my particularly sublime majesty."

e man ed.

en the man went to another god,--e god of his inner thoughts.And this one looked at himWith so eyesLit with innite comprehension,And said, "My poor child!"

LII

xxv

Why do you strive for greatness, fool?Go pluck a bough and wear it.It is as sucing.

My lord, there are certain barbariansWho tilt their nosesAs if the stars were owers,And thy servant is lost among their shoe-buckles.Fain would I have mine eyes even with their eyes.

Fool, go pluck a bough and wear it.

LIIII

Blustering god,Stamping across the skyWith loud swagger,I fear you not.No, though from your highest heavenYou plunge your spear at my heart,I fear you not.No, not if the blowIs as the lightning blasting a tree,I fear you not, pung braggart.

II

If thou can see into my heartat I fear thee not,ou wilt see why I fear thee not,And why it is right.So threaten not, thou, with thy bloody spears,Else thy sublime ears shall hear curses.

xxvi

III

Withal, there is one whom I fear;I fear to see grief upon that face.Perchance, Friend, he is not your god;If so, spit upon him.By it you will do no profanity.But I--Ah, sooner would I diean see tears in those eyes of my soul.

LIV"It was wrong to do this," said the angel."You should live like a ower,"Holding malice like a puppy,"Waging war like a lambkin."

"Not so," quoth the manWho had no fear of spirits;"It is only wrong for angels"Who can live like the owers,"Holding malice like the puppies,"Waging war like the lambkins."

LVA man toiled on a burning road,Never resting.Once he saw a fat, stupid assGrinning at him from a green place.e man cried out in rage,"Ah! Do not deride me, fool!"I know you--"All day stung your belly,

xxvii

"Burying your heart"In grass and tender sprouts:"It will not suce you."But the ass only grinned at him from the green place.

LVIA man feared that he might nd an assassin;Another that he might nd a victim.One was more wise than the other.

LVIIWith eye and with gestureYou say you are holy.I say you lie;For I did see youDraw away your coatsFrom the sin upon the handsOf a lile child.Liar!

LVIIIe sage lectured brilliantly.Before him, two images:"Now this one is a devil,"And this one is me."He turned away.en a cunning pupilChanged the positions.Turned the sage again:"Now this one is a devil,

xxviii

"And this one is me."e pupils sat, all grinning,And rejoiced in the game.But the sage was a sage.

LIXWalking in the sky,A man in strange black garbEncountered a radiant form.en his steps were eager;Bowed he devoutly."My Lord," said he.But the spirit knew him not.

LXUpon the road of my life,Passed me many fair creatures,Clothed all in white, and radiant.To one, nally, I made speech:"Who art thou?"But she, like the others,Kept cowled her face,And answered in haste, anxiously,"I am Good Deed, forsooth;"You have oen seen me.""Not uncowled," I made reply.And with rash and strong hand,ough she resisted,I drew away the veilAnd gazed at the features of VanityShe, shamefaced, went on;And aer I had mused a time,I said of myself,

xxix

"Fool!"

LXII

ere was a man and a womanWho sinned.en did the man heap the punishmentAll upon the head of her,And went away gayly.

II

ere was a man and a womanWho sinned.And the man stood with her.As upon her head, so upon his,Fell blow and blow,And all people screaming, "Fool!"He was a brave heart.

III

He was a brave heart.Would you speak with him, friend?Well, he is dead,And there went your opportunity.Let it be your griefat he is deadAnd your opportunity gone;For, in that, you were a coward.

xxx

LXIIere was a man who lived a life of re.Even upon the fabric of time,Where purple becomes orangeAnd orange purple,is life glowed,A dire red stain, indelible;Yet when he was dead,He saw that he had not lived.

LXIIIere was a great cathedral.To solemn songs,A white processionMoved toward the altar.e chief man thereWas erect, and bore himself proudly.Yet some could see him cringe,As in a place of danger,rowing frightened glances into the air,A-start at threatening faces of the past.

LXIVFriend, your white beard sweeps the ground,Why do you stand, expectant?Do you hope to see itIn one of your withered days?With your old eyesDo you hope to seee triumphal march of Justice?Do not wait, friend

xxxi

Take your white beardAnd your old eyesTo more tender lands.

LXVOnce, I knew a ne song,--It is true, believe me,--It was all of birds,And I held them in a basket;When I opened the wicket,Heavens! ey all ew away.I cried, "Come back, lile thoughts!"But they only laughed.ey ew onUntil they were as sandrown between me and the sky.

LXVIIf I should cast o this taered coat,And go free into the mighty sky;If I should nd nothing thereBut a vast blue,Echoless, ignorant,--What then?

LXVIIGod lay dead in Heaven;Angels sang the hymn of the end;Purple winds went moaning,eir wings drip-dripping

xxxii

With bloodat fell upon the earth.It, groaning thing,Turned black and sank.en from the far cavernsOf dead sinsCame monsters, livid with desire.ey fought,Wrangled over the world,A morsel.But of all sadness this was sad,--A woman's arms tried to shielde head of a sleeping manFrom the jaws of the nal beast.

LXVIIIA spirit spedrough spaces of night;And as he sped, he called,"God! God!"He went through valleysOf black death-slime,Ever calling,"God! God!"eir echoesFrom crevice and cavernMocked him:"God! God! God!"Fleetly into the plains of spaceHe went, ever calling,"God! God!"Eventually, then, he screamed,Mad in denial,"Ah, there is no God!"

A swi hand,

xxxiii

A sword from the sky,Smote him,And he was dead.

xxxv

*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BLACK RIDERS ANDOTHER LINES ***

AWord from ProjectGutenberg

We will update this book if we nd any errors.is book can be found under: hp://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no one

owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) cancopy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without pay-ing copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use partof this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg electronicworks to protect the Project Gutenberg concept and trademark. Project Guten-berg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for the eBooks,unless you receive specic permission. If you do not charge anything for copiesof this eBook, complying with the rules is very easy. You may use this eBook fornearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performancesand research. ey may be modied and printed and given away you may dopractically anything with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is subject to thetrademark license, especially commercial redistribution.

e Full Project Gutenberg LicensePlease read this before you distribute or use this work.

To protect the Project Gutenberg mission of promoting the free distribu-tion of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any other workassociated in any way with the phrase Project Gutenberg), you agree to complywith all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg License available with this leor online at hp://www.gutenberg.org/license.

xxxviii

Section . General Terms of Use & Redistributing Project Guten-berg electronic works.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg electronic work, youindicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept all the terms of thislicense and intellectual property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do notagree to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and returnor destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg electronicworks in your possession. Ifyou paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg electronicwork and you do not agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement, you mayobtain a refund from the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forthin paragraph .E..

.B. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark. It may only be usedon or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who agree to bebound by the terms of this agreement. ere are a few things that you can do withmost Project Gutenberg electronic works even without complying with the fullterms of this agreement. See paragraph .C below. ere are a lot of things youcan do with Project Gutenberg electronic works if you follow the terms of thisagreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg electronicworks. See paragraph .E below.

.C.e Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (the Foundationor PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project Gutenbergelectronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the collection are in the publicdomain in the United States. If an individual work is in the public domain in theUnited States and you are located in the United States, we do not claim a rightto prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creatingderivative works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenbergare removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenbergmission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely sharing ProjectGutenberg works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keepingthe Project Gutenberg name associated with the work. You can easily complywith the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with itsaached full Project Gutenberg License when you share it without charge withothers.

.D.e copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern whatyou can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in a constantstate of change. If you are outside the United States, check the laws of your coun-try in addition to the terms of this agreement before downloading, copying, dis-playing, performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this workor any other Project Gutenbergwork. e Foundationmakes no representations

xxxix

concerning the copyright status of any work in any country outside the UnitedStates.

.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:.E.. e following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate ac-

cess to, the full Project Gutenberg License must appear prominently wheneverany copy of a Project Gutenberg work (any work on which the phrase ProjectGutenberg appears, or with which the phrase Project Gutenberg is associated)is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed:

is eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and withalmost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away orre-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License includedwith this eBook or online at hp://www.gutenberg.org

.E.. If an individual Project Gutenberg electronic work is derived from thepublic domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permis-sion of the copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyonein the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are redistribut-ing or providing access to a work with the phrase Project Gutenberg associatedwith or appearing on the work, you must comply either with the requirements ofparagraphs .E. through .E. or obtain permission for the use of the work andthe Project Gutenberg trademark as set forth in paragraphs .E. or .E..

.E.. If an individual Project Gutenberg electronic work is posted withthe permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution must complywith both paragraphs .E. through .E. and any additional terms imposed bythe copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked to the Project GutenbergLicense for all works posted with the permission of the copyright holder found atthe beginning of this work.

.E.. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg Li-cense terms from this work, or any les containing a part of this work or anyother work associated with Project Gutenberg.

.E.. Donot copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this electronicwork, or any part of this electronic work, without prominently displaying thesentence set forth in paragraph .E. with active links or immediate access to thefull terms of the Project Gutenberg License.

.E.. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, com-pressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any word pro-cessing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or distribute copiesof a Project Gutenberg work in a format other than Plain Vanilla ASCII orother format used in the ocial version posted on the ocial Project Gutenberg

xl

web site (hp://www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or ex-pense to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means ofobtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original Plain Vanilla ASCIIor other form. Any alternate format must include the full Project GutenbergLicense as specied in paragraph .E..

.E.. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, performing,copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg works unless you comply withparagraph .E. or .E..

.E.. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing access toor distributing Project Gutenberg electronic works provided that

- You pay a royalty fee of % of the gross prots you derive from the use ofProject Gutenberg works calculated using the method you already use tocalculate your applicable taxes. e fee is owed to the owner of the ProjectGutenberg trademark, but he has agreed to donate royalties under thisparagraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royaltypayments must be paid within days following each date on which youprepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Roy-alty payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the ProjectGutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specied in Section, Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary ArchiveFoundation.

- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who noties you inwriting (or by e-mail) within days of receipt that s/he does not agree tothe terms of the full Project Gutenberg License. You must require sucha user to return or destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physicalmedium and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of ProjectGutenberg works.

- You provide, in accordance with paragraph .F., a full refund of any moneypaid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the electronic work isdiscovered and reported to you within days of receipt of the work.

- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free distribution ofProject Gutenberg works.

.E.. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg electronicwork or group of works on dierent terms than are set forth in this agreement,you must obtain permission in writing from both the Project Gutenberg Liter-ary Archive Foundation and Michael Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenbergtrademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section . below.

xli

.F..F.. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable

eort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread public do-main works in creating the Project Gutenberg collection. Despite these eorts,Project Gutenberg electronic works, and the medium on which they may bestored, may contain Defects, such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurateor corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual propertyinfringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, orcomputer codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.

.F.. LIMITEDWARRANTY, DISCLAIMEROFDAMAGES Except for theRight of Replacement or Refund described in paragraph .F., the Project Guten-berg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg trade-mark, and any other party distributing a Project Gutenberg electronic work un-der this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses,including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOUHAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLI-GENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CON-TRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH .F.. YOU AGREE THATTHE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTORUNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DI-RECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGESEVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

.F.. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND If you discovera defect in this electronic work within days of receiving it, you can receive arefund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a wrien explanation tothe person you received the work from. If you received the work on a physicalmedium, you must return the medium with your wrien explanation. e per-son or entity that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide areplacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, theperson or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunityto receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy is alsodefective, you may demand a refund in writing without further opportunities tox the problem.

.F.. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth inparagraph .F., this work is provided to you AS-IS, WITH NO OTHER WAR-RANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIM-ITED TOWARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PUR-POSE.

.F.. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied warranties orthe exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. If any disclaimer or lim-itation set forth in this agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this

xlii

agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimeror limitation permied by the applicable state law. e invalidity or unenforce-ability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

.F.. INDEMNITY You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, thetrademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone providingcopies of Project Gutenberg electronic works in accordance with this agree-ment, and any volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distri-bution of Project Gutenberg electronic works, harmless from all liability, costsand expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of thefollowing which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any ProjectGutenberg work, (b) alteration, modication, or additions or deletions to anyProject Gutenberg work, and (c) any Defect you cause.

Section . Information about the Mission of Project GutenbergProject Gutenberg is synonymous with the free distribution of electronic worksin formats readable by the widest variety of computers including obsolete, old,middle-aged and new computers. It exists because of the eorts of hundreds ofvolunteers and donations from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and nancial support to provide volunteers with the assistancethey need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg's goals and ensuring thatthe Project Gutenberg collection will remain freely available for generations tocome. In , the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created toprovide a secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg and future gener-ations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundationand how your eorts and donations can help, see Sections and and the Foun-dation web page at hp://www.pglaf.org .

Section . Information about the Project Gutenberg LiteraryArive Foundatione Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non prot (c)() ed-ucational corporation organized under the laws of the state of Mississippi andgranted tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service. e Foundation's EINor federal tax identication number is -. Its (c)() leer is postedat hp://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf . Contributions to the ProjectGutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent per-mied by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.

e Foundation's principal oce is located at MelanDr. S.Fairbanks,AK, ., but its volunteers and employees are scaered throughout numerous

xliii

locations. Its business oce is located at North West, Salt Lake City,UT , () -, email business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and upto date contact information can be found at the Foundation's web site and ocialpage at hp://www.pglaf.org

For additional contact information:

Dr.Gregory B.NewbyChief Executive and Directorgbnewby@pglaf.org

Section . Information about Donations to the Project GutenbergLiterary Arive FoundationProject Gutenbergdepends upon and cannot survivewithoutwide spread publicsupport and donations to carry out its mission of increasing the number of publicdomain and licensed works that can be freely distributed in machine readableform accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated equipment.Many small donations ($ to $,) are particularly important to maintaining taxexempt status with the IRS.

e Foundation is commied to complying with the laws regulating char-ities and charitable donations in all states of the United States. Compliancerequirements are not uniform and it takes a considerable eort, much paperworkand many fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not solicitdonations in locations where we have not received wrien conrmation of com-pliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for anyparticular state visit hp://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we havenot met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition against accept-ing unsolicited donations from donors in such states who approach us with oersto donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make anystatements concerning tax treatment of donations received from outside theUnited States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small sta.

Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation meth-ods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other ways includ-ing checks, online payments and credit card donations. To donate, please visit:hp://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate

xliv

Section . General Information About Project Gutenberg elec-tronic works.Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg concept ofa library of electronic works that could be freely shared with anyone. For thirtyyears, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg eBooks with only a loosenetwork of volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg eBooks are oen created from several printed editions,all of which are conrmed as Public Domain in the U.S. unless a copyright noticeis included. us, we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with anyparticular paper edition.

Each eBook is in a subdirectory of the same number as the eBook's eBooknumber, oen in several formats including plain vanilla ASCII, compressed(zipped), HTML and others.

Corrected editions of our eBooks replace the old le and take over the oldlename and etext number. e replaced older le is renamed. Versions basedon separate sources are treated as new eBooks receiving new lenames and etextnumbers.

Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:

hp://www.gutenberg.org

is Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg, including how tomake donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, how tohelp produce our new eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsleer tohear about new eBooks.