The Big Book of Mischief Version 4

8/12/2019 The Big Book of Mischief Version 4

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The Big Book of Mischief Version 1.5 (DOS ANSI)Keywords The Book! in"eri# $e%e&seD&"e 1' e *+ ,+ - 15 /MTSender dr0ri co.co#

A2T3O$ D&4id $ich&rdsTIT 6 The Big Book Of Mischief6DITION In"eri# re%e&se (1.5) fro# DT7 fi%eO$MAT AS8II (MS9DOS)!"& s &re s &ces.

$6ST$I8TIONS This fi%e #&y e free%y redis"ri :"ed in e%ec"ronic for# wi"h "hese condi"ions

I" #&y no" e e;cer "ed or #odified in AN< =A< o"her"h&n

ch&r&c"er con4ersion for differen" co# :"er sys"e#s.

NO 66 MA< B6 83A$/6D O$ DO=N OADIN/ T3IS I 6.

T3IS I 6 MA< NOT B6 DIST$IB2T6D IN 7$INT6D O$M. 2sers

&reer#i""ed "o #&ke 19- co ies for erson&% :se.

T36 A2T3O$ $6S6$V6S A $I/3TS TO T3IS 72B I8ATION! IN8 2DIN/ T36 $I/3T TO 7$INT6D 72B I8ATION! DIST$IB2TION $I/3TS TO T3IS

AND A 2T2$6 6DITIONS! AND A OT36$ $I/3TS AS D6TAI 6D B:es &nd #e"hods :sed yersonsin "his &nd o"her co:n"ries "o rod:ce & n:# er of concei4& %y h& &rdo:sde4ices. None of "he s"&"e#en"s herein sho:%d e "&ken "o indic&"e "heo inions or &c"ions of "he &:"hor. The "echni>:es descri ed here #&y e

fo:nd in : %ic %i r&ries &nd &%% "he infor#&"ion gi4en is &4&i%& %efro#: %ic so:rces. Any %oss of %ife! ro er"y! or o"her ercei4ed %oss!in@:ryor h&r# is "he so%e res onsi i%i"y of "he :rch&ser.

Any ins"r:c"ions! for#:%&s! &nd o"her s"&"e#en"s herein &re forinfor#&"ion&% :r oses on%y.A%"ho:gh #os" of "he roced:res c&n e&cco# %ished wi"h #ini#&% re &r&"ion &nd fro# e&si%y &4&i%& %es: %ies!"his is & work of fic"ion &nd no &ss:# "ion sho:%d e #&de & o:" "he&cc:r&cy or s&fe"y of &ny of "he roced:res. This ook is 4oid whererohi i"ed! &nd sh&%% no" e so%d "o &ny erson who is ine%igi %e "orecei4e i". If yo: &re :nder "he &ge of 1 ! & con4ic"ed fe%on! #en"&%%yre"&rded! or & #e# er of &n org&ni &"ion "h&" h&s &s i"s s"&"ed or:ns"&"edgo&%s "he o4er"hrow of "he %egi"i#&"e go4ern#en" of "he 2ni"ed S"&"es ofA#eric&! yo: &re re>:ired "o ":rn yo:rse%f in "o "he ne&res" officer of"he%&w wi"ho:" de%&y.

$6 6AS6 1.5

8O7


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2S6 2 7:ids or owdered #e"&%s.

C) /rind &%% ingredien"s se &r&"e%y. I" is &%&r#ing how fric"ionsensi"i4e so#e s: osed%y s&fe co# osi"ions re&%%y &re. /rinding c&:seshe&"&nd ossi %y s &rks! o"h of which c&n ini"i&"e &n e; %osion.

-) S"&r" wi"h 4ery s#&%% >:&n"i"ies. 64en s#&%% >:&n"i"ies of highe; %osi4es c&n e 4ery d&ngero:s. Once yo: h&4e so#e ide& of "he owerof"he e; %osi4e! yo: c&n rogress "o %&rger o:n"s. S"ore high e; %osi4esse &r&"e%y fro# %ow e; %osi4es! &nd sensi"i4e de4ices! s:ch &s %&s"ingc& s! sho:%d e s"ored we%% &w&y fro# &%% f%#& %e or e; %osi4e#&"eri&%.

+) A%%ow for & C, #&rgin of error. Ne4er %e" yo:r s&fe"y de endon"he e; ec"ed res:%"s. J:s" ec&:se "he &4er&ge :rning r&"e of & f:se is-,secs?foo"! donH" de end on "he ' inches s"icking o:" of yo:r i e o#"o"&ke e;&c"%y 15 seconds.

5) Ne4er :nderes"i#&"e "he r&nge of yo:r shr& ne%. The c& fro# &


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i e o# c&n of"en "r&4e% & %ock or #ore &" high 4e%oci"ies eforeco#ing"o res"9 If yo: h&4e "o s"&y ne&r y! re#e# er "h&" if yo: c&n see i"! i"c&nki%% yo:.

') A" "he %e&s"! "&ke "he &:"horHs rec&:"ions. =hen #i;ingsensi"i4eco# o:nds (s:ch &s f%&sh owder) &4oid &%% so:rces of s"&"ice%ec"rici"y.=ork in &n &re& wi"h #oder&"e h:#idi"y! good 4en"i%&"ion! &nd w&"ch o:"forso:rces of s &rks &nd f%e! which c&n igni"e &r"ic%es s:s ended in "he&ir. A%w&ys fo%%ow "he direc"ions gi4en &nd ne4er "&ke shor"c:"s.

E) B:y >:&%i"y s&fe"y e>:i #en"! &nd :se i" &" &%% "i#es. A%w&yswe&r& f&ce shie%d! or &" "he #ini#:#! sh&""er roof %& g%&sses. I"Hs :s:&%%y&good ide& "o we&r g%o4es when h&nd%ing corrosi4e che#ic&%s! &nd & %&

& ronc&n he% re4en" %ife9"hre&"ening :rns.

3ow To Mi; Dry Ingredien"s

The es" w&y "o #i; "wo dry che#ic&%s "o for# &n e; %osi4e is "o:se& "echni>:e erfec"ed y s#&%%9sc&%e fireworks #&n:f&c":rers

1) T&ke & %&rge shee" of s#oo"h & er (for e; %e & &ge fro# &news & er "h&" does no" :se s"& %es)

C) Me&s:re o:" "he & ro ri&"e o:n"s of "he "wo che#ic&%s! &ndo:r"he# in "wo s#&%% he& s ne&r o osi"e corners of "he shee".

-) 7ick : "he shee" y "he "wo corners ne&r "he i%es! &%%owing"heowders "o ro%% "ow&rds "he cen"er of "he shee".

+) By r&ising one corner &nd "hen "he o"her! rock "he owders &ck&ndfor"h in "he #idd%e of "he o en shee"! "&king c&re no" "o %e" "he#i;":res i%% fro# ei"her of "he %oose ends.

5) 7o:r "he owder off fro# "he #idd%e of "he shee"! &nd :se i"i##edi&"e%y. 2se &ir"igh" con"&iners for s"or&ge! I"Hs es" "o :se -5##fi%#c&nis"ers or o"her @&rs which do no" h&4e screw9on "o s. If yo: #:s"kee"he #i;":re for %ong eriods! %&ce & s#&%% &cke" of desicc&n" in "hecon"&iner! &nd ne4er s"ore ne&r he&" or 4&%:& %e i"e#s.


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confined! s#oke%ess :rns o"h ho""er &nd rod:ces & gre&"er 4o%:#e ofg&s!rod:cing #ore ress:re. Therefore! "he grinding rocess "h&" is of"ennecess&ry for o"her ro e%%&n"s is no" necess&ry for s#oke%ess. S#oke%ess owder cos"s s%igh"%y #ore "h&n %&ck owder. In #os"s"&"es&ny ci"i en wi"h & 4&%id dri4erHs %icense c&n :y i"! since "here &rec:rren"%y few res"ric"ions on rif%es or sho"g:ns in "he 2.S. There &renowID checks in #&ny s"&"es when :rch&sing owder &" & re"&i% o:"%e"!howe4er#&i% order :rch&ses fro# &no"her s"&"e &re no" s: @ec" "o s:ch checks.=hen:rch&sed y #&i% order ro e%%&n"s #:s" e shi ed y & ri4&"ec&rrier!since "he 7os"&% Ser4ice wi%% no" c&rry h& &rdo:s #&"eri&%s. Shi ingch&rges wi%% e high! d:e "o De &r"#en" Of Tr&ns or"&"ion reg:%&"ions on&ck&ging f%#& %e &nd e; %osi4e #&"eri&%s.

$ocke" 6ngine 7owder

Mode% rocke"ry is &n o :%&r ho y in "he 2ni"ed S"&"es &nd #&nyo"herco:n"ries. 6s"es ! "he %&rges" rod:cer of #ode% rocke" ki"s &ndengines!"&kes gre&" &ins "o ens:re "h&" "heir engines &re o"h s&fe &ndre%i& %e.The si# %e design of "hese engines #&kes i" 4ery e&sy "o e;"r&c" "hero e%%&n" owder. Mode% rocke" engines con"&in & sing%e %&rge gr&in of ro e%%&n".Thisgr&in is enc&sed in he&4y c&rd o&rd ": ing wi"h & c%&y c& &" "he "o&nd& c%&y or ceric no %e in "he o""o#. The ro e%%&n" c&n e re#o4ed ys%i""ing "he ": e %eng"hwise! &nd :nwr& ing i" %ike yo: wo:%d & ro%% of& er "owe%s. =hen "his is done! "he grey fire c%&y &" ei"her end of"hero e%%&n" gr&in sho:%d e re#o4ed. This c&n e done y ei"her cr&ckingi"off wi"h & sh&r ow! or y gen"%y rying wi"h & %&s"ic or r&ss knife.The engine #&"eri&% consis"s of "hree s"&ges. irs" "he %&rge f:e%s"&ge!which is &" "he end ne&res" "he no %e. A o4e "his is "he de%&y s"&ge!which#&y no" e fo:nd in so#e engines. This s"&ge :rns s%ow%y &nd rod:ces &%&rge o:n" of s#oke. &s" is "he e@ec"ion ch&rge! which nor#&%%y wo:%drod:ce g&ses "o :sh "he &r&ch:"e o:" "hro:gh "he "o of "he rocke".

The ro e%%&n" #&"eri&% con"&ins &n e o;y which #&kes i"e;ce "ion&%%yh&rd! so i" #:s" e cr:shed "o & fine owder efore i" c&n e :sed. e:sed.By do: %e &gging "he ro e%%&n" in s#&%% %&s"ic &gs &nd gri ing i"in& %iers or s#&%% 4ise! "he owder c&n e c&ref:%%y cr:shed wi"ho:"sh&""ering &%% o4er. This rocess sho:%d e re e&"ed :n"i% "here &re nore#&ining ch:nks! &f"er which i" #&y e cr:shed in "he se #&nner &s%&ck


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owder. Mode% rocke" engines co#e in 4&rio:s si es! r&nging fro# A 9CT "o"heincredi %y owerf:% D engines. The %&rger engines &re #:ch #oree; ensi4e!&nd e&ch %e""er si e con"&ins & o:" "wice &s #:ch ro e%%&n" &s "here4io:sone. The D engines co#e in &ck&ges of "hree! &nd con"&in #ore owder"h&n%esser engines. These engines &re &%so 4ery :sef:% wi"ho:"#odific&"ion.&rge engines c&n e :sed "o cre&"e 4ery i# ressi4e skyrocke"s &nd o"herde4ices.

6; %osi4es

There &re #&ny co##erci&%%y &4&i%& %e #&"eri&%s which &re ei"her:sed&s e; %osi4es! or which &re :sed "o rod:ce e; %osi4es. M&"eri&%s which

&re:sed "o rod:ce e; %osi4es &re known &s G rec:rsorsG! &nd so#e of "he#&re4ery diffic:%" "o o "&in. 8he#ic&% s: %iers &re no" s": id! &nd "heywi%%no"ice if & sing%e erson orders & co# in&"ion of #&"eri&%s which c&n e:sed "o rod:ce & co##on e; %osi4e. Mos" che#ic&%s &re &4&i%& %e inse4er&%gr&des! which 4&ry y "he :ri"y of "he che#ic&%! &nd "he "y es ofi# :ri"ies resen". In #os" c&ses %& gr&de che#ic&%s &re #ore "h&ns:fficien". There &re & few ri#i"i4e #i;":res which wi%% work e4en wi"h4ery i# :re che#ic&%s! &nd & few which re>:ire "echnic&% gr&de#&"eri&%s.

A##oni:# Ni"r&"e

A##oni:# ni"r&"e is & high e; %osi4e #&"eri&% "h&" is :sed &s &co##erci&% Gs&fe"y e; %osi4eG. I" is 4ery s"& %e! &nd is diffic:%" "oigni"ewi"h & #&"ch! &nd e4en "hen wi%% no" e; %ode :nder nor#&% circ:#s"&nces.I"is &%so diffic:%" "o de"on&"e ("he heno#enon of de"on&"ion wi%% ee; %&ined %&"er) &s i" re>:ires & owerf:% shockw&4e "o c&:se i" &c" &s&high e; %osi4e. 8o##erci&%%y! #oni:# ni"r&"e is so#e"i#es #i;ed wi"h & s#&%%

o:n"of ni"rog%ycerine "o incre&se i"s sensi"i4i"y. A 4ers&"i%e che#ic&%!#oni:# ni"r&"e is :sed in "he G8o%d97&ksG or GIns"&n" 8o%dG! &4&i%& %ein#os" dr:g s"ores. The G8o%d 7&ksG consis" of & &g of w&"er! s:rro:ndedy& second %&s"ic &g con"&ining "he #oni:# ni"r&"e. To ge" "he#oni:#ni"r&"e! si# %y c:" off "he "o of "he o:"side &g! re#o4e "he %&s"ic&g


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of w&"er! &nd s&4e "he #oni:# ni"r&"e in & we%% se&%ed! &ir"igh"con"&iner. I" is hygrosco ic! (i" "ends "o & sor w&"er fro# "he &ir)&ndwi%% e4en":&%%y e ne:"r&%i ed if i" is &%%owed "o re&c" wi"h w&"er! or:sedin co# o:nds con"&ining w&"er. A##oni:# ni"r&"e #&y &%so e fo:nd in#&nyfer"i%i ers.

%&sh 7owder

%&sh owder is & #i;":re of owdered &%:#in:# or #&gnesi:# #e"&%&ndone of &ny n:# er of o;idi ers. I" is e;"re#e%y sensi"i4e "o he&" ors &rks!&nd sho:%d e "re&"ed wi"h #ore c&re "h&n %&ck owder! &nd :nder nocirc:#s"&nces sho:%d i" e #i;ed wi"h %&ck owder or &ny o"here; %osi4es. S#&%% >:&n"i"ies of f%&sh owder c&n e :rch&sed fro# #&gic sho s&nd

"he&"ric&% s: %iers in "he for# of "wo s#&%% con"&iners! which #:s" e#i;ed efore :se. 8o##erci&% f%&sh owder is no" che& :" i" is :s:&%%y4ery re%i& %e. There &re "hree s eeds of f%&sh owder co##on%y :sed in#&gic! howe4er on%y "he f&s" f%&sh owder c&n e :sed "o cre&"e re%i& %ee; %osi4es. %&sh owder sho:%d &%w&ys e #i;ed &ccording "o "he #e"hod gi4en&""he eginning of "he ook! &nd :nder no circ:#s"&nces sho:%d i" esh&kenor s"ored in &ny &ck&ging which #igh" c&rry s"&"ic e%ec"rici"y.

7$67A$ATION O 836MI8A S

=hi%e #&ny che#ic&%s &re no" e&si%y &4&i%& %e in "heir :re for#!i"is so#e"i#es ossi %e for "he ho#e che#is" "o &r"i&%%y :rify #oree&si%y&4&i%& %e so:rces of i# :re for#s of desired che#ic&%s. Mos" %i>:ids &re di%:"ed wi"h w&"er! which c&n e re#o4ed ydis"i%%&"ion. I" is #ore diffic:%" "o :rify so%ids! :" "here &re & few#e"hods &4&i%& %e.If "he i# :ri"y is inso%: %e in w&"er :" "he :reche#ic&% is! "hen "he so%id is #i;ed in"o & %&rge >:&n"i"y of w&r#w&"er!&nd "he w&"er (wi"h "he che#ic&% disso%4ed in i") is s&4ed. The

:ndisso%4edi# :ri"ies (dregs) &re disc&rded. =hen "he w&"er is oi%ed off i" %e&4es&reci i"&"e of "he desired #&"eri&%. If "he desired che#ic&% is no"w&"erso%: %e &nd "he i# :ri"y is! "hen "he se &sic roced:re is fo%%owed!:"in "his c&se "he dregs &re s&4ed &nd "he %i>:id disc&rded.


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Ni"ric &cid (3NO-)

There &re se4er&% w&ys "o #&ke "his #os" essen"i&% of &%% &cids fore; %osi4es. I" is of"en rod:ced y "he o;id&"ion of #oni& er "hefo%%owing for#:%&

+N3- 5OC +NO '3CO CNO OC CNOC -NOC 3CO C3NO- NO

If "he che#is" h&s sodi:# &nd o"&ssi:# ni"r&"e &4&i%& %e! "hey c&ne :sed "o con4er" "he #:ch %ess :sef:% s:%f:ric &cid. =hi%e "his #e"hodc&ne :sed "o rod:ce ni"ric &cid! "he rocess is e;"re#e%y h& &rdo:s! &ndi"sho:%d no" e c&rried o:" :n%ess "here is no o"her w&y "o o "&in ni"ric&cid. Do no" &""e# " "his on & %&rger sc&%e wi"ho:" "he :se of re#o"e#&ni :%&"ion e>:i #en".

M&"eri&%s

o"&ssi:# ni"r&"e ice &"h s"irring rod

conc s:%f:ric &cid dis"i%%ed w&"er re"or"co%%ec"ing f%&sk wi"h s"o er re"or" (-,,#%) he&" so:rcesodi:# ni"r&"e #or"&r &nd es"%e

1) 8&ref:%%y o:r 1,, #i%%i%i"ers of concen"r&"ed s:%f:ric &cidin"o"he re"or".

C) =eigh o:" e;&c"%y 1 5 grs of sodi:# ni"r&"e! or C1, grs ofo"&ssi:# ni"r&"e. 8r:sh "o & fine owder in & c%e&n! dry #or"&r &ndes"%e! "hen s%ow%y &dd "his owder "o "he re"or" of s:%f:ric &cid. If&%%of "he owder does no" disso%4e! c&ref:%%y s"ir "he so%:"ion wi"h &g%&ssrod :n"i% "he owder is co# %e"e%y disso%4ed.

-) 7%&ce "he o en end of "he re"or" in"o "he co%%ec"ing f%&sk! &nd%&ce "he co%%ec"ing f%&sk in "he ice &"h.

+) Begin he&"ing "he re"or"! :sing %ow he&". 8on"in:e he&"ing:n"i%%i>:id egins "o co#e o:" of "he end of "he re"or". The %i>:id "h&"for#sis ni"ric &cid. 3e&" :n"i% "he reci i"&"e in "he o""o# of "he re"or"is&%#os" dry! or :n"i% no #ore ni"ric &cid for#s.

8A2TION

If "he &cid is he&"ed "oo s"rong%y! "he ni"ric &cid wi%% deco# ose&ssoon &s i" is for#ed. This c&n res:%" in "he rod:c"ion of high%yf%#& %e&nd "o;ic g&sses "h&" #&y e; %ode. I" is & good ide& "o se" "he & o4e& &r&":s : ! &nd "hen ge" &w&y fro# i".

S:%f:ric Acid (3CSO+)


12/90

There &re "wo co##on rocesses :sed "o #&ke s:%f:ric &cid!:nfor":n&"e%y nei"her of "he# is s:i"& %e for s#&%% sc&%e rod:c"iono:"sideof & %& or&"ory or ind:s"ri&% %&n". The 8on"&c" 7rocess :"i%i es S:%f:rDio;ide (SOC)! &n in"ense%y irri"&"ing g&s.

CSOC 3CO CSO- SO- 3CO 3CSO+

The 8h er 7rocess :ses ni"ric o;ide &nd ni"rogen dio;ide. Oncon"&c"wi"h &ir! ni"ric o;ide for#s ni"rogen dio;ide! & de&d%y reddish rowng&s.The re&c"ion :sed for rod:c"ion is &s fo%%ows

CNO OC CNOC NOC SOC 3CO 3CSO+

S:%f:ric &cid is f&r "oo diffic:%" "o #&ke o:"side of & %& or&"oryorind:s"ri&% %&n". 3owe4er! i" is re&di%y &4&i%& %e &s i" is & #&@or

co# onen" of %e&d9&cid &""eries. The s:%f:ric &cid co:%d e o:red offfro#& new &""ery! or :rch&sed fro# & &""ery sho or #o"orcyc%e s"ore. If"he&cid is re#o4ed fro# & &""ery "here wi%% e ieces of %e&d fro# "he&""erywhich #:s" e re#o4ed! ei"her y oi%ing &nd fi%"r&"ion. Theconcen"r&"ionof "he s:%f:ric &cid c&n &%so e incre&sed y oi%ing i" or o"herwisere#o4ing so#e of "he w&"er fro# "he so%:"ion. Very :re s:%f:ric &cido:rss%igh"%y f&s"er "h&n c%e&n #o"or oi%.

A##oni:# Ni"r&"e

A##oni:# ni"r&"e is & 4ery owerf:% :" insensi"i4e high e; %osi4e.I" co:%d e #&de 4ery e&si%y y o:ring ni"ric &cid in"o & %&rge f%&skin&n ice &"h. Then! y si# %y o:r ho:seho%d #oni& in"o "he f%&sk &ndkee& s&fe dis"&nce &w&y :n"i% "he re&c"ion h&s co# %e"ed. Af"er "he#&"eri&%sh&4e s"o ed re&c"ing! one si# %y h&s "o %e&4e "he so%:"ion in & w&r#dry%&ce :n"i% &%% of "he w&"er &nd &ny ne:"r&%i ed #oni& or &cid h&4ee4& or&"ed. ine%y owdered crys"&%s of #oni:# ni"r&"e wo:%d re#&in.

These#:s" e ke " in &n &ir"igh" con"&iner! ec&:se of "heir "endency "o ick:w&"er fro# "he &ir. The crys"&%s for#ed in "he & o4e rocess wo:%d h&4e"oe he&"ed 4ery gen"%y "o dri4e off "he re#&ining w&"er efore "hey c&ne:sed.

7o"&ssi:# Ni"r&"e


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7o"&ssi:# ni"r&"e c&n e o "&ined fro# %&ck owder. Si# %y s"ir &>:&n"i"y of %&ck owder in"o oi%ing w&"er. The s:%f:r &nd ch&rco&%wi%%e s:s ended in "he w&"er! :" "he o"&ssi:# ni"r&"e wi%% disso%4e. Too "&in ' g of o"&ssi:# ni"r&"e! i" wo:%d e necess&ry "o disso%4e & o:"*,gof %&ck owder in & o:" one %i"er of oi%ing w&"er. i%"er "he disso%4ed so%:"ion "hro:gh fi%"er & er :n"i% "he %i>:id"h&" o:rs "hro:gh is c%e&r. The ch&rco&% &nd s:%f:r in %&ck owder &reinso%: %e in w&"er! &nd so when "he so%:"ion is &%%owed "o e4& or&"e!s#&%%crys"&%s of o"&ssi:# ni"r&"e wi%% e %ef" in "he con"&iner.

6 7 OSIV6 O$M2 AS

Once &g&in! ersons re&ding "his #&"eri&% sho:%d ne4er &""e# " "o

rod:ce &ny of "he e; %osi4es descri ed here. I" is i%%eg&% &nde;"re#e%yd&ngero:s "o do so. oss of %ife &nd %i# s co:%d e&si%y res:%" fro# &f&i%ed(or s:ccessf:%) &""e# " "o rod:ce &ny e; %osi4es or h& &rdo:sche#ic&%s. These roced:res &re correc"! howe4er #&ny of "he #e"hods gi4enhere&re :s:&%%y sc&%ed down ind:s"ri&% roced:res! &nd "herefore #&y ee""ers:i"ed "o %&rge sc&%e rod:c"ion.

6; %osi4e Theory

An e; %osi4e is &ny #&"eri&% "h&"! when igni"ed y he&"! shock! orche#ic&% re&c"ion! :ndergoes r& id deco# osi"ion or o;id&"ion. Thisrocessre%e&ses energy "h&" is s"ored in "he #&"eri&%. The energy! in "he for#ofhe&" &nd %igh"! is re%e&sed when "he #&"eri&% re&ks down in"o g&seo:sco# o:nds "h&" occ: y & #:ch %&rger 4o%:#e "h&" "he e; %osi4e didorigin&%%y. Bec&:se "his e; &nsion is 4ery r& id! "he e; &nding g&ssesdis %&ce %&rge 4o%:#es of &ir. This e; &nsion of"en occ:rs &" & s eedgre&"er "h&n "he s eed of so:nd! cre&"ing & shockw&4e si#i%&r "o "hesonicoo# rod:ced y high9s eed @e" %&nes. 6; %osi4es occ:r in se4er&% for#s high order e; %osi4es

(de"on&"inge; %osi4es)!%ow order e; %osi4es (def%&gr&"ing e; %osi4es)! ri#ers! &ndso#e e; %osi4es which c&n rogress fro# def%&gr&"ing "o de"on&"ion. A%%highorder e; %osi4es &re c& & %e of de"on&"ion. So#e high order e; %osi4es#&ys"&r" o:" :rning (def%&gr&"ion) &nd rogress "o de"on&"ion. Ade"on&"ionc&n on%y occ:r in & high order e; %osi4e.


14/90

De"on&"ion is c&:sed y & shockw&4e "h&" &sses "hro:gh & %ock of"hehigh e; %osi4e #&"eri&%. 3igh e; %osi4es consis" of #o%ec:%es wi"h #&nyhigh9energy onds. The shockw&4e re&ks & &r" "he #o%ec:%&r ondse"ween"he &"o#s of "he #&"eri&%! &" & r&"e & ro;i#&"e%y e>:&% "o "he s eed ofso:nd "r&4e%ing "hro:gh "h&" s: s"&nce. Bec&:se high e; %osi4es &regener&%%y so%ids or %i>:ids! "his s eed c&n e #:ch gre&"er "h&n "hes eedof so:nd in &ir. 2n%ike %ow9e; %osi4es! "he f:e% &nd o;idi er in & high9e; %osi4e&reche#ic&%%y onded! &nd "his ond is :s:&%%y "oo s"rong "o e e&si%yroken.2s:&%%y & ri#er #&de fro# & sensi"i4e high e; %osi4e is :sed "oini"i&"e"he de"on&"ion. =hen "he ri#er de"on&"es i" sends & shockw&4e "hro:gh"hehigh9e; %osi4e. This shockw&4e re&ks & &r" "he onds! &nd "he che#ic&%sre%e&sed reco# ine "o rod:ce #os"%y g&sses. So#e e; %es of high

e; %osi4es &re dyni"e! #oni:# ni"r&"e! &nd $D . ow order e; %osi4es do no" de"on&"e. Ins"e&d "hey :rn (:ndergoo;id&"ion) &" & 4ery high r&"e. =hen he&"ed! "he f:e% &nd o;idi erco# ine"o rod:ce he&"! %igh"! &nd g&seo:s rod:c"s. So#e %ow order #&"eri&%s :rn &" & o:" "he se s eed :nderress:re&s "hey do in "he o en! s:ch &s %&ck owder. O"hers! s:ch &s s#oke%essg:n owder (which is ri#&ri%y ni"roce%%:%ose) :rn #:ch f&s"er &ndho""erwhen "hey &re in & confined s &ce! s:ch &s "he &rre% of & fire&r# "hey:s:&%%y :rn #:ch s%ower "h&n %&ck owder when "hey &re igni"ed in "heo en.B%&ck owder! ni"roce%%:%ose! &nd f%&sh owder &re co##on e; %es of %oworder e; %osi4es. 7ri#ers &re "he #os" d&ngero:s e; %osi4e co# o:nds in co##on :se.So#eof "he#! s:ch &s #erc:ry f:%#in&"e! wi%% f:nc"ion &s & %ow or high ordere; %osi4e. They &re chosen ec&:se "hey &re #ore sensi"i4e "o fric"ion!he&"! &nd shock! "h&n co##on%y :sed high or %ow e; %osi4es. Mos"ri#erserfor# %ike & d&ngero:s%y sensi"i4e high e; %osi4e. O"hers #ere%y :rn!:"when "hey &re confined! "hey :rn &" & 4ery high r&"e &nd wi"h & %&rgee; &nsion of g&sses "h&" rod:ces & shockw&4e. A s#&%% o:n" of &ri#ing#&"eri&% is :sed "o ini"i&"e! or c&:se "o deco# ose! & %&rge >:&n"i"y of

re%&"i4e%y insensi"i4e high e; %osi4es. They &re &%so fre>:en"%y :sed &s&re%i& %e #e&ns of igni"ing %ow order e; %osi4es. The g:n owder in &:%%e"is igni"ed y "he de"on&"ion of "he ri#er. B%&s"ing c& s &re si#i%&r "o ri#ers! :" "hey :s:&%%y inc%:de o"h& ri#er &nd so#e in"er#edi&"e e; %osi4e. 8o# o:nds :sed &s ri#ers c&ninc%:de %e&d & ide! %e&d s"y hn&"e! di& odini"ro heno% or #i;":res of"wo


15/90

or #ore of "he#. A s#&%% ch&rge of 76TN! $D ! or en"o%i"e #&y einc%:dedin "he #ore owerf:% %&s"ing c& s! s:ch &s "hose :sed in gren&des. Thes#&%% ch&rge of #oder&"e%y9sensi"i4e high e; %osi4e ini"i&"es & #:ch%&rgerch&rge of insensi"i4e high e; %osi4e.

I# &c" 6; %osi4es

I# &c" e; %osi4es &re of"en :sed &s ri#ers. Of "he ones disc:ssedhere! on%y #erc:ry f:%#in&"e &nd ni"rog%ycerine &re re&% e; %osi4esA##oni:# "riiodide crys"&%s deco# ose : on i# &c"! :" "hey re%e&se%i""%ehe&" &nd no %igh". I# &c" e; %osi4es &re &%w&ys "re&"ed wi"h "hegre&"es"c&re! &nd no ody wi"ho:" &n e;"re#e de&"h wish wo:%d s"ore "he# ne&r &nyhigh or %ow e; %osi4es.

A##oni:# "riiodide crys"&%s (ni"rogen "riiodide)

A##oni:# "riiodide crys"&%s &re fo:% s#e%%ing :r %e co%oredcrys"&%s"h&" deco# ose :nder "he s%igh"es" o:n" of he&"! fric"ion! or shock!if"hey &re #&de wi"h "he :res" #oni& (#oni:# hydro;ide) &nd iodine.S:chcrys"&%s &re so sensi"i4e "h&" "hey wi%% deco# ose when & f%y %&nds on"he#!or when &n &n" w&%ks &cross "he#. 3o:seho%d #oni&! howe4er! h&s eno:ghi# :ri"ies! s:ch &s so& s &nd & r&si4e &gen"s! so "h&" "he crys"&%s wi%%de"on&"e on%y when "hrown! cr:shed! or he&"ed. The #oni& &4&i%& %e in s"ores co#es in & 4&rie"y of for#s. Theine&nd c%o:dy #oni& sho:%d no" e :sed on%y "he s"rong c%e&r #oni& c&ne:sed "o #&ke #oni:# "riiodide crys"&%s. 2 on de"on&"ion! & %o:d re or"ishe&rd! &nd & c%o:d of :r %e iodine g&s wi%% & e&r. =h&"e4er "he:nfor":n&"e s:rf&ce "h&" "he crys"&% w&s de"on&"ed : on! i" wi%%ro & %ye r:ined! &s so#e of "he iodine in "he crys"&% is "hrown & o:" in &so%idfor#! &nd iodine is corrosi4e. I" %e&4es n&s"y! :g%y! rownish9 :r %es"&ins on wh&"e4er i" con"&c"s. These s"&ins c&n e re#o4ed wi"hho"ogr& herHs hy o so%:"ion! or wi"h "he dech%orin&"ing co# o:nd so%dfor

:se in fish "&nks.

Iodine f:#es &re &%so &d news! since "hey c&n d&ge yo:r %:ngs!&nd"hey wi%% se""%e "o "he gro:nd!%e&4ing s"&ins "here &s we%%. 8on"&c"wi"hiodine %e&4es rown s"&ins on "he skin "h&" %&s" for & o:" & week!:n%ess"hey &re i##edi&"e%y &nd 4igoro:s%y w&shed off.


16/90

A##oni:# "riiodide crys"&%s co:%d e rod:ced in "he fo%%owing#&nner

M&"eri&%s

iodine crys"&%sf:nne% fi%"er & erg%&ss s"irring rod& er "owe%s c%e&r #oni&"wo g%&ss @&rs o"&ssi:# iodide

1) 7%&ce 5 grs of iodine in"o one of "he g%&ss @&rs. Bec&:se "heiodine is 4ery diffic:%" "o re#o4e! :se @&rs "h&" yo: donH" w&n" "os&4e.

C) Add eno:gh #oni& "o co# %e"e%y co4er "he iodine. S"ir se4er&%"i#es! "hen &dd 5 grs of o"&ssi:# iodide. S"ir for -, seconds.

-) 7%&ce "he f:nne% in"o "he o"her @&r! &nd :" "he fi%"er & er in"he f:nne%. The "echni>:e for :""ing fi%"er & er in & f:nne% is "&:gh"ine4ery &sic che#is"ry %& c%&ss fo%d "he circ:%&r & er in h&%f! so"h&"

& se#icirc%e is for#ed. Then! fo%d i" in h&%f &g&in "o for# & "ri&ng%ewi"hone c:r4ed side. 7:%% one "hickness of & er o:" "o for# & cone! &nd%&ce"he cone in"o "he f:nne%.

+) Af"er &%%owing "he iodine "o so&k in "he #oni& for & whi%e!o:r"he so%:"ion in"o "he & er in "he f:nne% "hro:gh "he fi%"er & er.

5) =hi%e "he so%:"ion is eing fi%"ered! :" #ore #oni& in"o "hefirs" @&r "o w&sh &ny re#&ining crys"&%s in"o "he f:nne% &s soon &s i"dr&ins.

') 8o%%ec" &%% "he crys"&%s wi"ho:" "o:ching "he rown fi%"er& er!&nd %&ce "he# on "he & er "owe%s "o dry. M&ke s:re "h&" "hey &re no""ooc%ose "o &ny %igh"s or o"her so:rces of he&"! &s "hey co:%d we%%de"on&"e.=hi%e "hey &re s"i%% we"! di4ide "he we" #&"eri&% in"o s#&%% ieces &s%&rge&s yo:r "h:# n&i%.

To :se "he#! si# %y "hrow "he# &g&ins" &ny s:rf&ce or %&ce "he#where"hey wi%% e s"e ed on or cr:shed. =hen "he crys"&%s &re dis":r ed "hey

deco# ose in"o iodine 4& or! ni"rogen! &nd #oni&.

-IC 5N3+O3 - N3+I N3-NI- 53CO

iodine #oni:# hydro;ide #oni:# iodide #oni:# ni"rogen"riiodide w&"er

The o "i#&% yie%d fro# :re iodine is 5+ of "he origin&% #&ss in"he


17/90

for# of "he e; %osi4e sedi#en". The re#&inder of "he iodine re#&ins in"heso%:"ion of #oni:# iodide! &nd c&n e e;"r&c"ed y e;"r&c"ing "hew&"er(4&c::# dis"i%%&"ion is &n efficien" #e"hod) &nd "re&"ing "he re#&iningrod:c" wi"h ch%orine.

Merc:ry :%#in&"e

Merc:ry f:%#in&"e is erh& s one of "he o%des" known ini"i&"ingco# o:nds. I" c&n e de"on&"ed y ei"her he&" or shock. 64en "he &c"ionofdro ing & crys"&% of "he f:%#in&"e c&n c&:se i" "o e; %ode. This#&"eri&%c&n e rod:ced "hro:gh "he fo%%owing roced:re

MAT6$IA S

5 g #erc:ry g%&ss s"irring rod %:e %i"#:s& er

-5 #% conc ni"ric &cid fi%"er & er s#&%% f:nne% 1,, #% e&ker (C) &cid resis"&n" g%o4es he&" so:rce -, #% e"hy% &%coho% dis"i%%ed w&"er

So%4en" &%coho% #:s" e &" %e&s" *5 e"hy% &%coho% if i" is :sed "o#&ke #erc:ry f:%#in&"e. Me"hy% &%coho% #&y re4en" #erc:ry f:%#in&"efro#for#ing. Merc:ry "her#o#e"ers &re eco#ing & r&ri"y! :nfor":n&"e%y. They #&ye h&rd "o find in #os" s"ores &s "hey h&4e een s: erseded y &%coho%&ndo"her %ess "o;ic fi%%ings. Merc:ry is &%so :sed in #erc:ry swi"ches!which&re &4&i%& %e &" e%ec"ronics s"ores. Merc:ry is & h& &rdo:s s: s"&nce!&ndsho:%d e ke " in "he "her#o#e"er! #erc:ry swi"ch! or o"her con"&iner:n"i%:sed. A" roo# "e# er&":re #erc:ry 4& or is e4o%4ed! &nd i" c&n e& sor ed"hro:gh "he skin. Once in yo:r ody #erc:ry wi%% c&:se d&ge "o "her&in&nd o"her org&ns. or "his re&son! i" is & good ide& no" "o s i%%#erc:ry!&nd "o &%w&ys :se i" o:"doors. A%so! do no" ge" i" in &n o en c:"r: erg%o4es wi%% he% re4en" "his.

1) In one e&ker! #i; 5 g of #erc:ry wi"h -5 #% of concen"r&"edni"ric&cid! :sing "he g%&ss rod.

C) S%ow%y he&" "he #i;":re :n"i% "he #erc:ry is disso%4ed! which iswhen "he so%:"ion ":rns green &nd oi%s.

-) 7%&ce -, #% of e"hy% &%coho% in"o "he second e&ker! &nd s%ow%y&ndc&ref:%%y &dd &%% of "he con"en"s of "he firs" e&ker "o i". $ed &nd?or


18/90

rown f:#es sho:%d & e&r. These f:#es &re "o;ic &nd f%#& %e.

+) e"ween "hir"y &nd for"y #in:"es &f"er "he f:#es firs" & e&r!"heysho:%d ":rn whi"e! indic&"ing "h&" "he re&c"ion is ne&r co# %e"ion.Af"er"en #ore #in:"es! &dd -, #% dis"i%%ed w&"er "o "he so%:"ion.

5) 8&ref:%%y fi%"er o:" "he crys"&%s of #erc:ry f:%#in&"e fro# "he%i>:id so%:"ion. Dis ose of "he so%:"ion in & s&fe %&ce! &s i" iscorrosi4e &nd "o;ic.

') =&sh "he crys"&%s se4er&% "i#es in dis"i%%ed w&"er "o re#o4e &s#:ch e;cess &cid &s ossi %e. Tes" "he crys"&%s wi"h "he %i"#:s & er:n"i%"hey &re ne:"r&%. This wi%% e when "he %i"#:s & er s"&ys %:e when i""o:ches "he we" crys"&%s.

E) A%%ow "he crys"&%s "o dry! &nd s"ore "he# in & s&fe %&ce! f&r&w&y

fro# &ny e; %osi4e or f%#& %e #&"eri&%.

This roced:re c&n &%so e done y 4o%:#e! if "he &4&i%& %e #erc:ryc&nno" e weighed. Si# %y :se 1, 4o%:#es of ni"ric &cid &nd 1, 4o%:#esofe"h&no% "o e4ery one 4o%:#e of #erc:ry.

Ni"rog%ycerin (8-35N-O*)

Ni"rog%ycerin is one of "he #os" sensi"i4e e; %osi4es e4er "o eco##erci&%%y rod:ced. I" is & 4ery dense %i>:id! &nd is sensi"i4e "ohe&"!i# &c"! &nd #&ny org&nic #&"eri&%s. A%"ho:gh i" is no" w&"er so%: %e! i"wi%% disso%4e in + &r"s of :re e"hy% &%coho%.

3e&" of 8o# :s"ion 15 , c&%?g 7rod:c"s of 6; %osion 8&r on Dio;ide! =&"er! Ni"rogen! O;ygen 3:#&n To;ici"y 3igh%y "o;ic 4&sodi%&"or! &4oid skin con"&c"

A%"ho:gh i" is ossi %e "o #&ke i" s&fe%y! i" is diffic:%" "o do soin s#&%% >:&n"i"ies. M&ny & yo:ng yro"echnici&n h&s een ki%%ed orserio:s%y in@:red whi%e "rying "o #&ke "he s":ff. =hen No e%Hsf&c"ories#&ke i"! #&ny eo %e were ki%%ed y "he &%%9"o9fre>:en" f&c"orye; %osions.2s:&%%y! &s soon &s ni"rog%ycerin is #&de! i" is con4er"ed in"o & s&fers: s"&nce! s:ch &s dyni"e. A erson foo%ish eno:gh "o #&ke

ni"rog%ycerine co:%d :se "he fo%%owing roced:re

6P2I7M6NT

dis"i%%ed w&"er eyedro er "her#o#e"er 1 1,, #% e&ker C, g sodi:# ic&r on&"e g%ycerine - -,, #% e&kers 1- #% concen"r&"ed ni"ric &cid %:e %i"#:s & er -* #% concen"r&"ed s:%f:ric &cid

C ice &"hs


19/90

C s#&%% non9#e"&%%ic con"&iners e&ch fi%%ed h&%fw&y wi"h cr:shed ice ' "& %es oons "& %e s&%"

The s&%" wi%% %ower "he free ing oin" of "he w&"er! incre&sing "hecoo%ing efficiency of "heice &"h.

1) 7re &re "he "wo ice &"hs. =hi%e "he ice &"hs &re coo%ing! o:r15, #% of dis"i%%ed w&"er in"o e&ch of "he e&kers.

C) S%ow%y &dd sodi:# ic&r on&"e "o "he second e&ker! s"irringcons"&n"%y. Do no" &dd "oo #:ch sodi:# ic&r on&"e "o "he w&"er. If so#ere#&ins :ndisso%4ed! o:r "he so%:"ion in"o & fresh e&ker.

-) 7%&ce "he 1,, #% e&ker in"o "he ice &"h! &nd o:r "he 1- #% ofconcen"r&"ed ni"ric &cid in"o "he 1,, #% e&ker. Be s:re "h&" "hee&kerwi%% no" s i%% in"o "he ice &"h! &nd "h&" "he ice &"h wi%% no"

o4erf%owin"o "he e&ker when #ore #&"eri&%s &re &dded "o i". Be s:re "o h&4e &%&rge eno:gh con"&iner "o &dd #ore ice if i" ge"s "oo w&r#. Bring "he"e# er&":re of "he &cid down "o C,, cen"igr&de or %ess.

+) S%ow%y &nd c&ref:%%y &dd -* #% of concen"r&"ed s:%f:ric &cid "o"heni"ric &cid. Mi; we%%! "hen coo% "he #i;":re "o 1,, cen"igr&de. Do no"e&%&r#ed if "he "e# er&":re rises s%igh"%y when "he &cids &re #i;ed.

5) =i"h "he eyedro er! s%ow%y dri "he g%ycerine on"o "he &cid#i;":re! one dro &" & "i#e. 3o%d "he "her#o#e"er &%ong "he "o of "he#i;":re where "he #i;ed &cids &nd g%ycerine #ee".

The g%ycerine wi%% s"&r" "o ni"r&"e i##edi&"e%y! &nd "he"e# er&":rewi%% i##edi&"e%y egin "o rise. Do no" &%%ow "he "e# er&":re "o rise& o4e-,, ce%si:s. If "he "e# er&":re is &%%owed "o ge" "o high! "heni"rog%ycerin#&y deco# ose s on"&neo:s%y &s i" is for#ed. Add g%ycerine :n"i% "hereis& "hin %&yer of g%ycerine on "o of "he #i;ed &cids.

') S"ir "he #i;":re for "he firs" "en #in:"es of ni"r&"ion! ifneccess&ry &dding ice &nd s&%" "o "he ice &"h "o kee "he "e# er&":re

of"he so%:"ion in "he 1,, #% e&ker we%% e%ow -,,. The ni"rog%ycerinewi%%for# on "he "o of "he #i;ed &cid so%:"ion! &nd "he concen"r&"eds:%f:ric&cid wi%% & sor "he w&"er rod:ced y "he re&c"ion.

E) =hen "he re&c"ion is o4er! "he ni"rog%ycerine sho:%d e chi%%ed"oe%ow C5,.


20/90

ni"rog%ycerine &nd #i;ed &cid in"o "he e&ker of dis"i%%ed w&"er in "hee&ker . The ni"rog%ycerine sho:%d se""%e "o "he o""o# of "he e&ker!&nd"he w&"er9&cid so%:"ion on "o c&n e o:red off &nd dis osed of. Dr&in&s#:ch of "he &cid9w&"er so%:"ion &s ossi %e wi"ho:" dis":r ing "heni"rog%ycerine.

) 8&ref:%%y re#o4e & s#&%% >:&n"i"y of ni"rog%ycerine wi"h & c%e&neye9dro er! &nd %&ce i" in"o "he e&ker fi%%ed in s"e C. The sodi:#ic&r on&"e so%:"ion wi%% e%i#in&"e #:ch of "he &cid! which wi%% #&ke"heni"rog%ycerine %ess %ike%y "o s on"&neo:s%y e; %ode. Tes" "heni"rog%ycerine wi"h "he %i"#:s & er :n"i% "he %i"#:s s"&ys %:e.$e e&""his s"e if necess&ry! :sing new sodi:# ic&r on&"e so%:"ions e&ch"i#e.

*) =hen "he ni"rog%ycerine is &s &cid9free &s ossi %e! s"ore i" in& c%e&n con"&iner in & s&fe %&ce. The es" %&ce "o s"ore

ni"rog%ycerineis f&r &w&y &s ossi %e fro# &ny"hing of 4&%:e. Ni"rog%ycerine c %odefor no & &ren" re&son! e4en if i" is s"ored in & sec:re coo% %&ce.

7icr&"es

A%"ho:gh "he roced:re for "he rod:c"ion of icric &cid! or"rini"ro heno% h&s no" ye" een gi4en! i"s s&%"s &re descri ed firs"!since"hey &re e;"re#e%y sensi"i4e! &nd de"on&"e on i# &c". By #i;ing icric &cid wi"h & w&r# so%:"ion of & #e"&% hydro;ide!s:ch&s sodi:# or o"&ssi:# hydro;ide! #e"&% icr&"es &re for#ed. Theseicr&"es&re e&si%y so%: %e in w&r# w&"er! ( o"&ssi:# icr&"e wi%% disso%4e in +&r"s w&"er &" 1,,, 8)! :" re%&"i4e%y inso%: %e in co%d w&"er( o"&ssi:#icr&"e wi%% disso%4e in C,, &r"s w&"er &" 1,, 8). =hi%e #&ny of "heseicr&"es &re d&ngero:s%y i# &c" sensi"i4e! o"hers &re &%#os" s&fe eno:ghfor& s:icid&% erson "o consider "heir #&n:f&c":re. To con4er" icric &cid in"o o"&ssi:# icr&"e! yo: firs" need "oo "&in icric &cid! or rod:ce i" y fo%%owing "he ins"r:c"ions gi4en on&ge C'. If "he &cid is in so%id for# i" sho:%d e #i;ed wi"h 1, w&"er( yweigh").

7re &re & #oder&"e%y s"rong (' #o%e) so%:"ion of o"&ssi:#hydro;ide!&nd he&" i" :n"i% i" &%#os" re&ches & s%ow oi%. ower "he "e# er&":re1,degrees! &nd s%ow%y &dd "he icric &cid so%:"ion. A" firs" "he #i;":resho:%d : %e s"rong%y! re%e&sing c&r on dio;ide. when "he : %es ce&ses"o &dding icric &cid. 8oo% "he so%:"ion "o 1,, 8. 7o"&ssi:# icr&"ewi%%crys"&%%i e o:". The so%:"ion sho:%d e ro er%y dis osed of.


21/90

These crys"&%s &re i# &c"9sensi"i4e! &nd c&n e :sed &s &nini"i&"orfor &ny "y e of high e; %osi4e. The crys"&%s sho:%d e s"ored in &%&s"icor g%&ss con"&iner :nder dis"i%%ed w&"er.

ow Order 6; %osi4es

ow order e; %osi4es c&n e defined &s & sing%e co# o:nd of #i;":reof co# o:nds which :rns &" & high r&"e rod:cing & %&rge o:n" of g&s!which is :s:&%%y &cco# &nied y he&" &nd %igh". Mos" h&4e "he fo%%owingco# onen"s.

An o;idi er This c&n e &ny che#ic&% which con"&ins & %&rge o:n" of o;ygen. =hen he&"ed "he o;idi er gi4es : "his o;ygen.

A f:e% The f:e% is of"en c&r on! or & fine%y owdered #e"&%. I" is "he #&"eri&% "h&" does "he &c":&% :rning.

A c&"&%ys" The c&"&%ys" #&kes i" e&sier for "he o;idi er "o re&c" wi"h "he f:e%! &nd is #&nd&"ory for #&ny of "he %ess owerf:% e; %osi4es. No" &%% %ow e; %osi4es need & c&"&%ys"! &nd in #&nyc&ses (s:ch &s f%&sh owder) &dding & c&"&%ys" c&n #&ke "he e; %osi4e d&ngero:s%y sensi"i4e.

There &re #&ny %ow9order e; %osi4es "h&" c&n e :rch&sed in g:ns"ores &nd :sed in e; %osi4e de4ices. 3owe4er! i" is ossi %e "h&" &wises"ore owner wo:%d no" se%% "hese s: s"&nces "o & s:s icio:s9%ookingindi4id:&%. S:ch &n indi4id:&% wo:%d "hen e forced "o resor" "o #&kinghisown %ow9order e; %osi4es. There &re #&ny co##on #&"eri&%s which c&n e :sed "o rod:ce %owe; %osi4es. =i"h & s"rong eno:gh con"&iner! &%#os" &ny #i;":re of &no;idi er &nd & f:e% c&n e :sed "o #&ke &n e; %osi4e de4ice.

B%&ck 7owder

irs" #&de y "he 8hinese for :se in fireworks! %&ck owder w&sfirs":sed in we& ons &nd e; %osi4es in "he 1C"h cen":ry. I" is 4ery si# %e"o#&ke! :" i" is no" 4ery owerf:% or s&fe. On%y & o:" h&%f "he #&ss of%&ck owder is con4er"ed "o ho" g&sses when i" is :rned "he o"herh&%f

is re%e&sed &s 4ery fine :rned &r"ic%es. B%&ck owder h&s one #&@ord&nger i" c&n e igni"ed y s"&"ic e%ec"rici"y. This is 4eryh& &rdo:s!&nd i" #e&ns "h&" "he #&"eri&% #:s" e #&de wi"h wooden or c%&y "oo%s "o&4oid gener&"ing & s"&"ic ch&rge.

MAT6$IA S

E5 g o"&ssi:# ni"r&"e dis"i%%ed w&"er ch&rco&% wooden s&%&d ow%


22/90

1, g s:%f:r wooden s oon he&" so:rce re&"hing fi%"er grinding ow% - %&s"ic &gs 5,, #% e&ker fine #esh screen

1) 7%&ce & s#&%% o:n" of "he o"&ssi:# or sodi:# ni"r&"e in "hegrinding ow% &nd grind i" "o & 4ery fine owder. /rind &%% of "heo"&ssi:# or sodi:# ni"r&"e! &nd &ss i" "hro:gh "he screen "o re#o4e&ny%&rge &r"ic%es. S"ore "he sif"ed owder in one of "he %&s"ic &gs.

C) $e e&" s"e one wi"h "he s:%f:r &nd ch&rco&%! eing c&ref:% "ogrind e&ch che#ic&% wi"h & c%e&n ow% &nd "oo%. s"ore e&ch che#ic&% in &se &r&"e %&s"ic &g.

-) 7%&ce &%% of "he fine%y gro:nd o"&ssi:# or sodi:# ni"r&"e in"hee&ker! &nd &dd @:s" eno:gh oi%ing w&"er "o "he che#ic&% "o #ois"en i":nifor#%y.

+) Add "he con"en"s of "he o"her %&s"ic &gs "o "he we" o"&ssi:#orsodi:# ni"r&"e! &nd #i; "he# we%% for se4er&% #in:"es. Do "his :n"i%"hereis no #ore 4isi %e s:%f:r or ch&rco&%! or :n"i% "he #i;":re is:ni4ers&%%y%&ck.

5) On & w&r# s:nny d&y! :" "he e&ker o:"side in "he direc"s:n%igh".S:n%igh" is re&%%y "he es" w&y "o dry %&ck owder! since i" is se%do#"ooho"! :" i" is :s:&%%y ho" eno:gh "o e4& or&"e "he w&"er.

') 2sing & wooden "oo%! scr& e "he %&ck owder o:" of "he e&ker!&nds"ore i" in & s&fe con"&iner. S"&"ic roof %&s"ic is re&%%y "he s&fes"con"&iner! fo%%owed y & er. Ne4er s"ore %&ck owder in & %&s"ic&g!since %&s"ic &gs &re rone "o gener&"e s"&"ic e%ec"rici"y. If & s#&%%&cke" of desicc&n" is &dded "he owder wi%% re#&in effec"i4eindefini"e%y.

Ni"roce%%:%ose

Ni"roce%%:%ose is co##on%y c&%%ed Gg:n owderG or Gg:nco""onG. I"

is#ore s"& %e "h&n %&ck owder! &nd i" rod:ces & #:ch gre&"er 4o%:#e ofho"g&s. I" &%so :rns #:ch f&s"er "h&n %&ck owder when in & confineds &ce. A%"ho:gh "he &cids :sed c&n e 4ery d&ngero:s if s&fe"y rec&:"ions&re no" fo%%owed! ni"roce%%:%ose is f&ir%y e&sy "o #&ke! &s o:"%ined y"hefo%%owing roced:re


23/90

MAT6$IA S

co""on (ce%%:%ose) (C) -,, #% e&kerss#&%% f:nne% %:e %i"#:s & erconcen"r&"ed ni"ric &cid concen"r&"ed s:%f:ric &ciddis"i%%ed w&"er g%&ss rod

1) 7o:r 1, cc of concen"r&"ed s:%f:ric &cid in"o "he e&ker. Add"o"his 1, cc of concen"r&"ed ni"ric &cid.

C) I##edi&"e%y &dd ,.5 g# of co""on! &nd &%%ow i" "o so&k fore;&c"%y- #in:"es.

-) $e#o4e "he ni"r&"ed co""on! &nd "r&nsfer i" "o & e&ker ofdis"i%%ed w&"er "o w&sh i" in.

+) A%%ow "he #&"eri&% "o dry! &nd "hen re9w&sh i".

5) Af"er "he co""on is ne:"r&% when "es"ed wi"h %i"#:s & er! i" isre&dy "o e dried &nd s"ored.

One co##on for#:%& s ecifies - &r"s s:%f:ric &cid "o one &r"ni"ric&cid. This h&s no" een de#ons"r&"ed "o e #ore effec"i4e "h&n e>:&%4o%:#esof e&ch. $:n&w&y ni"r&"ion is co##on %&ce! :" i" is :s:&%%y no"dis&s"ro:s.I" h&s een s:gges"ed "h&" re9w&shing "he co""on c%o"h in & so%:"ion of%ye! &nd rinsing i" we%% in dis"i%%ed w&"er efore ni"r&"ing c&n he%re4en" r:n&w&y ni"r&"ion. If "he re&c"ion & e&rs "o e #ore 4igoro:s"h ec"ed! w&"er wi%% >:ench "he r:n&w&y re&c"ion of ce%%:%ose.

=A$NIN/S A%% "he :s:&% w&rnings & o:" s"rong &cids & %y. 3CSO+ h&s &"endency"o s &""er. =hen i" f&%%s on "he skin! i" des"roys "iss:e 4ery&inf:%%y.I" disso%4es &%% #&nner of c%o"hing. Ni"ric &%so d&ges skin! ":rningi"righ" ye%%ow in "he rocess of e&"ing &w&y &" yo:r f%esh. Ni"ric &cidis& o"en" o;idi er &nd i" c&n s"&r" fires. Mos" s"rong &cids wi%% h& i%y%ind yo: if yo: ge" "he# in yo:r eyes! &nd "hese &re no e;ce "ion.

Ni"roce%%:%ose deco# oses 4ery s%ow%y on s"or&ge if isnH" correc"%ys"& i%i ed. The deco# osi"ion is &:"o9c&"&%y ing! &nd c&n res:%" ins on"&neo:s e; %osion if "he #&"eri&% is ke " confined o4er "i#e. Therocess is #:ch f&s"er if "he #&"eri&% is no" w&shed we%% eno:gh.Ni"roce%%:%ose owders con"&in s"& i%i ers s:ch &s di heny% ine ore"hy%cen"r&%i"e. Do no" &%%ow "hese "o co#e in"o con"&c" wi"h ni"ric &cid As#&%% o:n" of ei"her s: s"&nce &dded "o "he w&shed rod:c" wi%%c& ":re


24/90


25/90

4ery r& id%y wi"h & in"ense whi"e f%&sh! &nd wi%% e; %ode if confined.&rge>:&n"i"ies #&y e; %ode e4en when no" confined. This is ec&:se & %&rgei%eof f%&sh owder is se%f9confining! c&:sing "he e; %osion. %&sh owderisco##on%y #&de wi"h &%:#in:# &nd?or #&gnesi:#. O"her #e"&%s c&n e :sed!:"#os" o"hers &re ei"her "wo e; ensi4e ( irconi:#) or no" re&c"i4e eno:gh"oe effec"i4e ( inc)

3ere &re & few &sic rec&:"ions "o "&ke if yo:Hre cr& y eno:gh "orod:ce yo:r own f%&sh owder

1) /rind "he o;idi er (KNO-! K8%O-! KMnO+! K8%O+ e"c) se &r&"e%y in&c%e&n con"&iner. If & #or"&r &nd es"%e is :sed! i" sho:%d e w&shed o:"wi"h &%coho% efore eing :sed "o grind &ny o"her #&"eri&%s.

C) N6V6$ grind or sif" "he #i;ed co# osi"ion. /rinding &nd sif"ingc&nc&:se fric"ion or s"&"ic e%ec"rici"y.

-) Mi; "he owders on & %&rge shee" of & er! y ro%%ing "heco# osi"ion &ck &nd for"h. This "echni>:e is descri ed in de"&i% on&ge-

+) Do no" s"ore f%&sh co# osi"ions for &ny o:n" of "i#e. M&nyco# o:nds! es eci&%%y ones con"&ining #&gnesi:#! wi%% deco# ose o4er"i#e&nd #&y igni"e s on"&neo:s%y.

5) M&ke 4ery s#&%% >:&n"i"ies &" firs"! so yo: c&n & reci&"e "heower of s:ch #i;":res. P:&n"i"ies gre&"er "h&n 1, grs sho:%d e&4oided.Mos" f%&sh owders &re c& & %e of e; %oding if & >:&n"i"y of #ore "h&n5,grs is igni"ed :nconfined! &nd &%% f%&sh owders wi%% e; %ode e4enwi"h#ini#&% confine#en" (I h&4e seen 1, g of f%&sh wr& ed in & sing%e %&yerofw&;ed & er e; %ode)

') M&ke s:re "h&" &%% "he co# onen"s of "he #i;":re &re &s dry &sossi %e. 8heck "he #e%"ing oin" of "he s: s"&nces! &nd dry "he#

(se &r&"e%y) in & w&r# o4en. If KNO- is :sed i" #:s" e 4ery :re &nddry!or i" wi%% e4o%4e #oni& f:#es.

A%#os" &ny o"en" o;idi er c&n e :sed for f%&sh owder. So#e#&"eri&%s #&y re&c" wi"h "he f:e%! es eci&%%y if #&gnesi:# is :sed.K8%O+wi"h A% is gener&%%y fo:nd in co##erci&% fireworks! "his does no" #e&n"h&"i" is s&fe! :" i" is s&fer "h&n K8%O- if h&nd%ed correc"%y.


26/90

The finer "he o;idi er &nd "he finer "he #e"&% owder "he #oreowerf:% "he e; %osi4e! e;ce " in "he c&se of &%:#in:#. This of co:rsewi%%&%so incre&se "he sensi"i4i"y of "he f%&sh owder. Beyond & cer"&inoin"!"he finer "he &%:#in:# owder "he %ess owerf:% "he e; %osi4e! d:e "o"heco&"ing of &%:#in:# o;ide which for#s on "he s:rf&ce of "he &%:#in:#gr&n:%es.

NOT6 %&sh owder in &ny con"&iner wi%% de"on&"e. This inc%:dese4en& co: %e of %&yers of news & er! or o"her for#s of %oose%y confinedf%&sh.7o"&ssi:# erch%or&"e is s&fer "h&n sodi:#? o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e.

3igh Order 6; %osi4es

3igh order e; %osi4es c&n e #&de in "he ho#e wi"ho:" "oo #:ch

diffic:%"y. The #&in ro %e# is &c>:iring "he ni"ric &cid "o rod:ce "hehigh e; %osi4e. Mos" high e; %osi4es de"on&"e ec&:se "heir #o%ec:%&rs"r:c":re is #&de : of so#e f:e% &nd :s:&%%y "hree or #ore ni"rogendio;ide#o%ec:%es. Trini"ro"o%:ene is &n e;ce%%en" e; %e of s:ch & #&"eri&%.=hen& shock w&4e &sses "hro:gh &n #o%ec:%e of T.N.T.! "he ni"rogen dio;ideondis roken! &nd "he o;ygen co# ines wi"h "he f:e%! &%% in & #&""er of#icroseconds. This &cco:n"s for "he gre&" ower of ni"rogen9 &sede; %osi4es. $e#e# ering "h&" "hese roced:res &re ne4er "o e c&rriedo:"!se4er&% #e"hods of #&n:f&c":ring high9order e; %osi4es in "he ho#e &re%is"ed.

$.D. .

$.D. .! (&%so c&%%ed cyc%oni"e! or co# osi"ion 891 when #i;ed wi"h%&s"icisers) is one of "he #os" 4&%:& %e of &%% #i%i"&ry e; %osi4es.Thisis ec&:se i" h&s #ore "h&n 15, of "he ower of T.N.T.! &nd is #:che&sier"o de"on&"e. I" sho:%d no" e :sed &%one! since i" c&n e se" off y oder&"e shock. I" is %ess sensi"i4e "h&n #erc:ry f:%#in&"e orni"rog%ycerine! :" i" is s"i%% "oo sensi"i4e "o e :sed &%one. $.D. . c&n e rod:ced y "he #e"hod gi4en e%ow. I" is #:che&sier

"o #&ke in "he ho#e "h&n &%% o"her high e; %osi4es! wi"h "he ossi %ee;ce "ion of #oni:# ni"r&"e.

MAT6$IA S

he;ine or #e"henine 1,,, #% e&ker ice &"h g%&ss s"irring rod "her#o#e"er f:nne% fi%"er & er dis"i%%ed w&"er #oni:# ni"r&"e ni"ric &cid (55, #%) %:e %i"#:s & er s#&%% ice &"h


27/90

1) 7%&ce "he e&ker in "he ice &"h! (see &ge 15) &nd c&ref:%%yo:r55, #% of concen"r&"ed ni"ric &cid in"o "he e&ker.

C) =hen "he &cid h&s coo%ed "o e%ow C,,! &dd s#&%% o:n"s of "hecr:shed f:e% "& %e"s "o "he e&ker. The "e# er&":re wi%% rise! &nd i"#:s"e ke " e%ow -,,! or dire conse>:ences co:%d res:%". S"ir "he #i;":re.

-) Dro "he "e# er&":re e%ow ero degrees ce%si:s! ei"her y&dding#ore ice &nd s&%" "o "he o%d ice &"h! or y cre&"ing & new ice &"h.8on"in:e s"irring "he #i;":re! kee ing "he "e# er&":re e%ow ero for"wen"y#in:"es.

+) 7o:r "he #i;":re in"o 1 %i"er of cr:shed ice. Sh&ke &nd s"ir"he#i;":re! &nd &%%ow i" "o #e%". Once i" h&s #e%"ed! fi%"er o:" "hecrys"&%s!

&nd dis ose of "he corrosi4e %i>:id.

5) 7%&ce "he crys"&%s in"o one h&%f & %i"er of oi%ing dis"i%%edw&"er. i%"er "he crys"&%s! &nd "es" "he# wi"h "he %:e %i"#:s & er.$e e&" s"e s + &nd 5 :n"i% "he %i"#:s & er re#&ins %:e. This wi%%#&ke"he crys"&%s #ore s"& %e &nd s&fe.

') S"ore "he crys"&%s we" :n"i% re&dy for :se. A%%ow "he# "o dryco# %e"e%y efore :sing "he#. $.D. . is no" s"& %e eno:gh "o :se &%one&s&n e; %osi4e.

8o# osi"ion 891 c&n e #&de y #i;ing (#e&s:re y weigh")

$.D. . #iner&% oi%11%eci"hin 1

Kne&d "hese #&"eri&% "oge"her in & %&s"ic &g. This is one w&y "odesensi"i e "he e; %osi4e.

3M . is & #i;":re of TNT &nd $D "he r&"io is 5,?5,! y weigh". i"is no" &s sensi"i4e &s :n&d:%"ered $D &nd i" is &%#os" &s owerf:% &ss"r&igh" $D . By &dding #oni:# ni"r&"e "o "he crys"&%s of $D rod:ced in s"e

5!i" is ossi %e "o desensi"i e "he $.D. . &nd incre&se i"s ower! since#oni:# ni"r&"e is 4ery insensi"i4e &nd owerf:%. Sodi:# or o"&ssi:#ni"r&"e co:%d &%so e &dded & s#&%% >:&n"i"y is s:fficien" "o s"& i%i e"he$D . $D . de"on&"es &" & r&"e of 55, #e"ers?second when i" isco# ressed"o & densi"y of 1.55 g?c: ic c#.


28/90

A##oni:# Ni"r&"e (N3+NO-)

A##oni:# ni"r&"e c&n e #&de y fo%%owing "he #e"hod gi4en on &ge1,!or i" co:%d e o "&ined fro# & cons"r:c"ion si"e! since i" is co##on%y:sedin %&s"ing! ec&:se i" is 4ery s"& %e &nd insensi"i4e "o shock &ndhe&".A we%%9f:nded rese&rcher co:%d &%so :y n:#ero:s GIns"&n" 8o%d97&ksGfro#& dr:g s"ore or #edic&% s: %y s"ore. The #&@or dis&d4&n"&ge wi"h#oni:#ni"r&"e! fro# & yro"echnic&% oin" of 4iew! is de"on&"ing i". A r&"herowerf:% ri#ing ch&rge #:s" e :sed! or & oos"er ch&rge #:s" e &dded.

Q I 2ST$ATIONS AVAI AB 6 ON < IN 8OMM6$I8IA% 7$INT6D $6 6AS6 R

The ri#er e; %odes! de"on&"ing "he T.N.T.! which de"on&"es!sending& "re#endo:s shockw&4e "hro:gh "he #oni:# ni"r&"e! de"on&"ing i".

A##oni:# Ni"r&"e 9 :e% Oi% So%:"ion

A##oni:# Ni"r&"e 9 :e% Oi% So%:"ion! &%so known &s AN O! is &co##on%y :sed high e; %osi4e. AN O so%4es one of "he #&@or ro %e# wi"h#oni:# ni"r&"e i"s "endency "o ick : w&"er 4& or fro# "he &ir.This& sor "ion res:%"s in "he e; %osi4e f&i%ing "o de"on&"e when fired. Thisis%ess of & ro %e# wi"h AN O ec&:se i" consis"s of *+ ( y weigh")#oni:#ni"r&"e #i;ed wi"h ' f:e% oi% (kerosene). The kerosene he% s kee "he#oni:# ni"r&"e fro# & sor ing #ois":re fro# "he &ir. This #i;":re! %ike s"r&igh" #oni:# ni"r&"e! is 4ery insensi"i4e"oshock. I" re>:ires & 4ery owerf:% shockw&4e "o de"on&"e i"! &nd is no"4eryeffec"i4e in s#&%% >:&n"i"ies. 2s:&%%y & oos"er ch&rge! consis"ing ofdyni"e or & co##erci&% c&s" ch&rge! is :sed for re%i& %e de"on&"ion.So#eco##erci&% AN O e; %osi4es h&4e & s#&%% o:n" of &%:#in:# &dded!incre&sing"he ower &nd sensi"i4i"y. These for#s c&n of"en e re%i& %y ini"i&"edy& No. %&s"ing c& . These dis&d4&n"&ges &re o:"weighed y "wo i# or"&n" &d4&n"&ges of

#oni:# ni"r&"e e; %osi4es9 cos"! &nd s&fe"y. In ind:s"ri&% %&s"ing"hesef&c"ors &re #:ch #ore i# or"&n" "h&n in recre&"ion&% &c"i4i"ies! &nd"hish&s con"ri :"ed "o "he o :%&ri"y of "hese e; %osi4es. If "he e; %osi4eisini"i&"ed wi"ho:" confine#en" i" no" ro &g&"e we%%! &nd #os" of "he#oni:# ni"r&"e wi%% :rn &nd sc&""er! r&"her "h&n de"on&"ion &s #os"o"herhigh e; %osi4es wo:%d.


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A##oni:# ni"r&"e e; %osi4es &re #:ch che& er er o:nd "h&n #os"o"here; %osi4es! wi"h "he rice er o:nd &" & o:" 1?1, "h&" of dyni"e.S"r&igh" #oni:# ni"r&"e c&n e "r&ns or"ed "o "he %&s"ing si"ewi"ho:""he e;"r&c" e; enses inc:rred when "r&ns or"ing high e; %osi4es. A" "hesi"e! "he #oni:# ni"r&"e! in "he for# of s#&%% e%%e"s! or ri%%s! c&ne#i;ed wi"h "he f:e% oi% @:s" rior "o %&s"ing. If "oo #:ch oi% is &dded "he ower of "he #i;":re wi%% decre&se!ec&:se "he e;"r& oi% wi%% & sor so#e of "he energy fro# "he #oni:#ni"r&"e! &nd i" "ends "o s%ow ro &g&"ion. If co##erci&% fer"i%i er is:sed"o ro4ide "he #oni:# ni"r&"e! i" #:s" e cr:shed "o e effec"i4e.Thisis ec&:se fer"i%i er gr&de #oni:# ni"r&"e is co&"ed wi"h & w&"er

6ND O 7A$T 1 O - Send #&i% "o dr0ri co.co# for & f:%%co y

STA$T O 7A$T C O - The Big Book Of Mischief 1.5

resis"&n" s: s"&nce which he% s kee #ois":re fro# deco# osing "he#&"eri&%.This #&"eri&% &%so kee s "he f:e% oi% fro# so&king in"o "he #oni:#ni"r&"e. If fer"i%i er gr&de #&"eri&% is o:red in"o & 4&" of w&r#!%i>:ifiedw&;! "he co&"ing wi%% e dis %&ced y "he w&;! which c&n &%so ser4e &sf:e%for "he #oni:# ni"r&"e. This for# is #ore sensi"i4e "h&n "he f:e% oi%#i;":re! &nd does no" re>:ire &s #:ch confine#en" &s AN O.

Trini"ro"o%:ene

T.N.T.! or C!+!' "rini"ro"o%:ene! is erh& s "he second o%des"knownhigh e; %osi4e. Dyni"e! of co:rse! w&s "he firs". T.N.T. is cer"&in%y"hees" known high e; %osi4e! since i" h&s een o :%&ri ed y e&r%y#orningc&r"oons! &nd ec&:se i" is :sed &s & s"&nd&rd for co# &ring o"here; %osi4es.

In ind:s"ri&% rod:c"ion TNT is #&de y & "hree s"e ni"r&"ionrocess"h&" is designed "o conser4e "he ni"ric &nd s:%f:ric &cids! so "h&" "heon%y

reso:rce cons:#ed in >:&n"i"y is "he "o%:ene. A erson wi"h %i#i"edf:nds!howe4er! sho:%d ro & %y o " for "he %ess econo#ic&% "wo s"e #e"hod.Thisrocess is erfor#ed y "re&"ing "o%:ene wi"h 4ery s"rong (f:#ing)s:%f:ric&cid. Then! "he s:%f&"ed "o%:ene is "re&"ed wi"h 4ery s"rong (f:#ing)ni"ric&cid in &n ice &"h. 8o%d w&"er is &dded "o "he so%:"ion! &nd "he T.N.T.is


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fi%"ered o:".

7o"&ssi:# 8h%or&"e (K8%O-)

7o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e i"se%f c&nno" e #&de in "he ho#e! :" i" c&n eo "&ined fro# %& s &nd che#ic&% s: %y ho:ses. I" is #oder&"e%y w&"erso%: %e! &nd wi%% e; %ode if ro:gh" in"o con"&c" wi"h s:%f:ric &cid. I"is"o;ic &nd sho:%d no" e ro:gh" in"o con"&c" wi"h org&nic #&""er!inc%:dingh:#&n skin. If o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e is #i;ed wi"h & s#&%% o:n" of 4&se%ine! oro"her e"ro%e:# @e%%y! &nd & shockw&4e is &ssed "hro:gh i"! "he#&"eri&%wi%% de"on&"e! howe4er i" is no" 4ery owerf:%! &nd i" #:s" e confined"oe; %ode i" in "his #&nner. The roced:re for #&king s:ch &n e; %osi4eiso:"%ined e%ow

MAT6$IA S

o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e i 9%ock %&s"ic &g wooden s oone"ro%e:# @e%%y grinding ow% wooden ow%

1) /rind "he o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e in "he grinding ow% c&ref:%%y &nds%ow%y! :n"i% "he o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e is & 4ery fine owder. The finer"heowder! "he f&s"er i" wi%% de"on&"e! :" i" wi%% &%so deco# ose #ore>:ick%y.

C) 7%&ce "he owder in"o "he %&s"ic &g. 7:" "he e"ro%e:# @e%%yin"o "he %&s"ic &g! ge""ing &s %i""%e on "he sides of "he &g &sossi %e!i.e. :" "he 4&se%ine on "he o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e owder.

-) 8%ose "he &g! &nd kne&d "he #&"eri&%s "oge"her :n"i% none of"heo"&ssi:# ch%or&"e is dry owder "h&" does no" s"ick "o "he #&in g%o .Ifnecess&ry! &dd & i" #ore e"ro%e:# @e%%y "o "he &g.

O4er "i#e "he "his #&"eri&% wi%% deco# ose! &nd if no" :sedi##edi&"e%y "he s"reng"h wi%% e gre&"%y red:ced.

Dyni"e (4&rio:s co# osi"ions)

The ne dyni"e co#es fro# "he /reek word GdynisG! #e&ningower.Dyni"e w&s in4en"ed y No e% shor"%y &f"er he #&de ni"rog%ycerine. 3e"ried so&king "he ni"rog%ycerine in"o #&ny #&"eri&%s! in &n effor" "ored:cei"s sensi"i4i"y. In "he rocess! he disco4ered "h&" Ni"roce%%:%osewo:%de; %ode if ro:gh" in"o con"&c" wi"h f&"s or oi%s. A #isg:idedindi4id:&%wi"h so#e s&ni"y wo:%d! &f"er #&king ni"rog%ycerine wo:%d i##edi&"e%y


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con4er" i" "o dyni"e. This c&n e done y &dding one of & n:# er ofiner"#&"eri&%s! s:ch &s s&wd:s"! "o "he r&w ni"rog%ycerine. The s&wd:s" ho%ds&%&rge weigh" of ni"rog%ycerine. O"her #&"eri&%s! s:ch &s #oni:#ni"r&"eco:%d e &dded! &nd "hey wo:%d "end "o desensi"i e "he e; %osi4e! whi%eincre&sing "he ower. B:" e4en "hese ni"rog%ycerine co# o:nds &re no"re&%%ys&fe. One w&y "o re%i& %y s"& i%i e ni"rog%ycerin is "o free e i". In i"sfro en s"&"e! ni"rog%ycerine is #:ch %ess sensi"i4e "o shock! &nd c&ns&fe%ye "r&ns or"ed. The on%y dr&w &ck "o "his #e"hod is "h&" "heni"rog%ycerine#&y e; %ode s on"&neo:s%y whi%e eing "h&wed.

Ni"ros"&rch 6; %osi4es

Ni"ros"&rch e; %osi4es &re si# %e "o #&ke! &nd &re f&ir%y owerf:%.

A%% "h&" need e done is "re&" &ny of & n:# er of s"&rches wi"h i;":reof concen"r&"ed ni"ric &nd s:%f:ric &cids. Ni"ros"&rch e; %osi4es &re ofs%igh"%y %ower ower "h&n T.N.T.! :" "hey &re #ore re&di%y de"on&"ed.

MAT6$IA S

fi%"er & er yre; con"&iner (1,, #%)dis"i%%ed w&"er g%&ss rod C, #% concen"r&"ed s:%f:ric &cid&cid9resis"&n" g%o4es 1 g s"&rchC, #% concen"r&"ed ni"ric &cid

1) Add concen"r&"ed s:%f:ric &cid "o &n e>:&% 4o%:#e ofconcen"r&"edni"ric &cid in "he yre; con"&iner. =&"ch o:" for s %&""ering &cid.

C) Add 1 gr of s"&rch of s"&rch "o "he #i;":re! s"irringcons"&n"%ywi"h "he g%&ss rod.

-) 8&ref:%%y &dd co%d w&"er "o di%:"e "he &cids! "hen o:r "he#i;":re"hro:gh "he fi%"er & er (see &ge 1-). The resid:e consis"s ofni"ros"&rchwi"h & s#&%% o:n" of &cid! &nd sho:%d e w&shed :nder co%d dis"i%%edw&"er.

7icric Acid (8'3-N-OE)

7icric &cid! or C!+!'9"rini"ro heno% is & sensi"i4e co# o:nd "h&"c&ne :sed &s & oos"er ch&rge for #oder&"e%y insensi"i4e e; %osi4es! s:ch&sT.N.T. I" is se%do# :sed for e; %osi4es &ny#ore! :" i" s"i%% h&s& %ic&"ions in #&ny ind:s"ries! inc%:ding %e&"her rod:c"ion! co ere"ching! &nd "e;"i%es. 7icric &cid is :s:&%%y shi ed #i;ed wi"h C,w&"erfor s&fe"y! &nd when dried i" for#s &%e ye%%ow crys"&%s.


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#ore "& w&"er. 7%&ce "he f%&sk con"&ining "he #i;":re in "he oi%ingw&"er! &nd he&" i" in "he oi%ing w&"er for 1.5 "o C ho:rs.

') Add 1,, #% of co%d dis"i%%ed w&"er "o "he so%:"ion! &nd chi%% i"in &n ice &"h :n"i% i" is co%d.

E) i%"er o:" "he ye%%owish9whi"e icric &cid crys"&%s y o:ring"heso%:"ion "hro:gh "he fi%"er & er in "he f:nne%. 8o%%ec" "he %i>:id &nddis ose of i" in & s&fe %&ce! since i" is high%y corrosi4e.

) =&sh o:" "he 5,, #% f%&sk wi"h dis"i%%ed w&"er! &nd :" "hecon"en"s of "he fi%"er & er in "he f%&sk. Add -,, #% of w&"er! &ndsh&ke4igoro:s%y.

*) $e9fi%"er "he crys"&%s! &nd &%%ow "he# "o dry.

1,) S"ore "he crys"&%s in & s&fe %&ce in & g%&ss con"&iner! since"hey wi%% re&c" wi"h #e"&% con"&iners "o rod:ce icr&"es "h&" co:%d

e; %odes on"&neo:s%y.

A##oni:# 7icr&"e (8'3C.ON3+.(NOC)-)

A##oni:# icr&"e! &%so c&%%ed #oni:# iconi"r&"e! 6; %osi4e D! orc&r & o&"e! is & co##on s&fe"y e; %osi4e which c&n e rod:ced fro#icric&cid. I" re>:ires & s: s"&n"i&% shock "o c&:se i" "o de"on&"e! s%igh"%y%ess"h&n "h&" re>:ired "o de"on&"e #oni:# ni"r&"e. In #&ny w&ys i" is#:chs&fer "h&n icric &cid! since i" does no" h&4e "he "endency "o for#h& &rdo:s :ns"& %e s&%"s when %&ced in #e"&% con"&iners. I" is si# %e"o#&ke fro# icric &cid &nd c%e&r ho:seho%d #oni&. A%% "h&" need e doneis"o disso%4e icric &cid crys"&%s y %&cing "he# in & g%&ss con"&iner&nd&dding 15 &r"s ho"! s"eing dis"i%%ed w&"er. Add c%e&r #oni& ine;cess!&nd &%%ow "he e;cess #oni& "o e4& or&"e. The owder re#&ining sho:%de#oni:# icr&"e. The w&"er sho:%d no" e he&"ed! &s #oni:# icr&"e issensi"i4e "o he&". V&c::# dis"i%%&"ion &nd o en e4& or&"ion &rere%&"i4e%ys&fe w&ys "o e;"r&c" "he icr&"e.

A##oni:# icr&"e #os" co##on%y & e&rs &s righ" ye%%ow crys"&%s!&ndis so%: %e in w&"er. These crys"&%s sho:%d e "re&"ed wi"h "he c&re d:e"o&%% shock sensi"i4e #&"eri&%s. So#e i%%eg&% s&%:"es h&4e een fo:nd "ocon"&in #oni:# icr&"e! which #&kes "he# #:ch #ore h& &rdo:s.

Ni"rogen 8h%oride (N8%-)

Ni"rogen ch%oride! &%so known &s ni"rogen "rich%oride! ch%orine


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ni"ride! or Trich%oride ni"ride! is & "hick! oi%y ye%%ow %i>:id. I"e; %odes 4io%en"%y when i" is he&"ed "o *-, 8! e; osed "o righ" %igh"(s:n%igh")! when ro:gh" in"o con"&c" wi"h org&nic s: s"&nces! gre&se!o one! &nd ni"ric o;ide. Ni"rogen ch%oride wi%% e4& or&"e if %ef" in &no en4esse%! &nd wi%% deco# ose wi"hin C+ ho:rs. I" h&s "he in"eres"ing>:&%i"yof e; %oding 1- seconds &f"er eing se&%ed in & g%&ss con"&iner &" ',, 8.I" c&n rod:ce high%y "o;ic y rod:c"s! &nd sho:%d no" e h&nd%ed ors"ored. Bec&:se of "he h& &rds of ch%orine g&s! if "his roced:re sho:%dne4ere c&rried o:" wi"ho:" &n &de>:&"e so:rce of 4en"i%&"ion. If & f:#e hoodisno" &4&i%& %e "he roced:re sho:%d e done o:"side! &w&y fro# :i%dings!s#&%% chi%dren! &nd e"s.

MAT6$IA S

#oni:# ni"r&"e C yre; e&kershe&" so:rce g%&ss i ehydroch%oric &cid one ho%e s"o er%&rge f%&sk f:#e hoodo"&ssi:# er#&ng&n&"e

1) In & e&ker! disso%4e 5 "e&s oons of #oni:# ni"r&"e in w&"er.If "oo #:ch #oni:# ni"r&"e is &dded "o "he so%:"ion &nd so#e of i"re#&ins:ndisso%4ed in "he o""o# of "he e&ker! "he so%:"ion sho:%d e o:redoffin"o & fresh e&ker.

C) 8o%%ec" & >:&n"i"y of ch%orine g&s in & second e&ker y #i;inghydroch%oric &cid wi"h o"&ssi:# er#&ng&n&"e in & %&rge f%&sk wi"h &s"o er &nd g%&ss i e.

-) 7%&ce "he e&ker con"&ining "he ch%orine g&s : side down on "oof"he e&ker con"&ining "he #oni:# ni"r&"e so%:"ion! &nd "& e "hee&kers"oge"her. /en"%y he&" "he o""o# e&ker. =hen "his is done! oi%y ye%%owdro %e"s wi%% egin "o for# on "he s:rf&ce of "he so%:"ion! &nd sinkdown"o "he o""o#. A" "his "i#e! re#o4e "he he&" so:rce i##edi&"e%y.

+) 8o%%ec" "he ye%%ow dro %e"s wi"h &n eyedro er! &nd :se "he# &ssoon &s ossi %e.

A%"ern&"e%y! "he ch%orine c&n e : %ed "hro:gh "he #oni:#ni"r&"eso%:"ion! r&"her "h&n co%%ec"ing "he g&s in & e&ker! :" "his re>:ires"i#ing &nd & s"&nd "o ho%d "he e&ker &nd "es" ": e. The ch%orine g&s c&n &%so e #i;ed wi"h &nhydro:s #oni& g&s! ygen"%y he&"ing & f%&sk fi%%ed wi"h c%e&r ho:seho%d #oni&. 7%&ce "heg%&ss": es fro# "he ch%orine9gener&"ing f%&sk &nd "he ": e fro# "he #oni&gener&"ing f%&sk in &no"her f%&sk "h&" con"&ins w&"er.


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e&d A ide

e&d A ide is & #&"eri&% "h&" is of"en :sed &s & oos"er ch&rge foro"her e; %osi4e! :" i" does we%% eno:gh on i"s own &s & f&ir%ysensi"i4ee; %osi4e. I" does no" de"on&"e "oo e&si%y y erc:ssion or i# &c"! :"i"is e&si%y de"on&"ed y he&" fro# &n igni"ion wire! or & %&s"ing c& .I"is si# %e "o rod:ce! &ss:#ing "h&" "he necess&ry che#ic&%s c&n eroc:red. By disso%4ing sodi:# & ide &nd %e&d &ce"&"e in w&"er in se &r&"ee&kers! "he "wo #&"eri&%s &re :" in"o &n &>:eo:s s"&"e. Mi; "he "woe&kers "oge"her! &nd & %y & gen"%e he&". Add &n e;cess of "he %e&d&ce"&"eso%:"ion! :n"i% no re&c"ion occ:rs! &nd "he reci i"&"e on "he o""o# of"hee&ker s"o s for#ing. i%"er off "he so%:"ion! &nd w&sh "he reci i"&"e in ho" w&"er.

Thereci i"&"e is %e&d & ide! &nd i" #:s" e s"ored we" for s&fe"y. If %e&d&ce"&"e c&nno" e fo:nd! si# %y &c>:ire &ce"ic &cid! &nd :" %e&d #e"&%ini". B%&ck owder :%%e"s work we%% for "his :r ose.e&d & ide c&n &%so e rod:ced y s: s"i":"ing %e&d ni"r&"e for "he&ce"&"e. "he re&c"ion is gi4en e%ow

%e&d ni"r&"e sodi:# & ide %e&d & ide sodi:# ni"r&"e 7 (NO-)C CN&N- 7 (N-)C CN&NO-

The res:%" is "he se reci i"&"e of %e&d & ide! %e&4ing ehind"hesodi:# ni"r&"e &nd "r&ces of %e&d. The con"in&"ed w&"er sho:%d edis osedof in &n en4iron#en"&%%y s&fe #&nner.

O"her $e&c"ions

This sec"ion co4ers "he o"her "y es of #&"eri&%s "h&" c&n e :sedinyro"echnic re&c"ions. &%"ho:gh none of "he #&"eri&%s resen"ed here &ree; %osi4es! "hey &re of"en &s h& &rdo:s &s e; %osi4es! &nd sho:%d e"re&"edwi"h d:e res ec".

Ther#i"e

Ther#i"e is & f:e%9o;idi er #i;":re "h&" is :sed "o gener&"e"re#endo:s o:n"s of he&". I" w&s no" resen"ed e&r%ier ec&:se i" doesno"re&c" ne&r%y &s re&di%y &s #os" #i;":res. The #os" co##on for# of"her#i"eis & #i;":re of ferric o;ide &nd &%:#in:#! o"h co&rse%y owdered. =henigni"ed! "he &%:#in:# :rns y e;"r&c"ing o;ygen fro# "he ferric o;ide.The


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"her#i"e re&c"ion is is re&%%y "wo 4ery e;o"her#ic re&c"ions "h&"rod:ce& co# ined "e# er&":re of & o:" CC,,, 8. I" is diffic:%" "o igni"e!howe4er!:" once i" is igni"ed! "her#i"e is one of "he #os" effec"i4e fires"&r"ers&ro:nd. To rod:ce "her#i"e yo: wi%% need one &r" owdered &%:#in:# &nd"hree&r"s owdered iron o;ide (ferric o;ide or eCO-)! #e&s:red y weigh".Thereis no s eci&% roced:re or e>:i #en" re>:ired "o #&ke "her#i"e. Si# %y#i;"he "wo owders "oge"her. T&ke eno:gh "i#e "o #&ke "he #i;":re &sho#ogeno:s&s ossi %e. The r&"io of iron o;ide "o &%:#in:# isnH" 4ery i# or"&n"!&ndif no weighing e>:i "#en" is &4&i%& %e & 1?1 #i;":re y 4o%:#e wi%%work.If & s#&%% o:n" of fine%y owdered #&"eri&% is :sed &s & s"&r"er! "he

:%kof "he "her#i"e #i;":re c&n e #&de : of %&rger si ed #&"eri&%! in "heser&"io. There &re 4ery few s&fe"y h& &rds in #&king "her#i"e. The &%:#in:#d:s" c&n for# &n e; %osi4e #i;":re in &ir! &nd inh&%ing owdered #e"&%sc&ne 4ery &d for yo:r he&%"h. I" is i# or"&n" "o "&ke rec&:"ions "oins:re"h&" "he owdered #e"&%s &re 4ery dry! or "he w&"er 4& or rod:cedd:ring"he re&c"ion wi%% c&:se "he "her#i"e "o s r&y dro %e"s of #o%"en s"ee%in& %&rge r&di:s. Igni"ion of "her#i"e c&n e &cco# %ished y &dding & s#&%% o:n"ofo"&ssi:# ch%or&"e "o & "e&s oon of "her#i"e! &nd o:ring & few dro s ofs:%f:ric &cid on i". This #e"hod &nd o"hers &re disc:ssed on &ge +*.Ano"her #e"hod of igni"ing "her#i"e is wi"h & #&gnesi:# s"ri . Thei# or"&n"f&c"or in igni"ing "her#i"e is h&4ing & #&"eri&% "h&" wi%% rod:ceconcen"r&"ed he&" in & 4ery s#&%% region. or "his re&son! #&"ches wi%%no"work! :" s &rk%ers &nd o"her &%:#in:# &sed f%&res wi%%.

Mo%o"o4 8ock"&i%s

One of "he si# %es" incendi&ry de4ices in4en"ed! The Mo%o"o4cock"&i%is now e# %oyed in "he defense of o ressed eo %e wor%dwide. Theyr&ngein co# %e;i"y fro# "he si# %e o""%e &nd r&g "o co# %ic&"ed se%f9igni"ingfire o# s! :" in &ny for# & #o%o"o4 cock"&i% c&n rod:ce de4&s"&"ingres:%"s.

By "&king &ny high%y f%#& %e #&"eri&%! s:ch &s g&so%ine! diese%


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f:e%! kerosene! e"hy% or #e"hy% &%coho%! %igh"er f%:id! ":r en"ine! or&ny#i;":re of "he & o4e! &nd :""ing i" in"o & %&rge g%&ss o""%e! &nyonec&n#&ke &n effec"i4e fire o# . Af"er :""ing "he f%#& %e %i>:id in "heo""%e! si# %y :" & iece of c%o"h "h&" is so&ked in "he %i>:id in "he"oof "he o""%e so "h&" i" fi"s "igh"%y. Then! wr& so#e of "he c%o"h &ro:nd "he neck &nd "ie i"! :" es:re"o %e&4e & few inches of %ose c%o"h "o %igh". igh" "he e; osed c%o"h!&nd"hrow "he o""%e. If "he :rning c%o"h does no" go o:"! &nd if "heo""%ere&ks on i# &c"! "he con"en"s of "he o""%e wi%% s &""er o4er & %&rge&re&ne&r "he si"e of i# &c"! &nd :rs" in"o f%e. %#& %e #i;":res s:ch &s kerosene &nd #o"or oi% sho:%d e #i;edwi"h& #ore 4o%&"i%e &nd f%#& %e %i>:id! s:ch &s g&so%ine! "o ins:re

igni"ion.A #i;":re s:ch &s "&r or gre&se &nd g&so%ine wi%% s"ick "o "he s:rf&ce"h&"i" s"rikes! :rn ho""er &nd %onger! &nd e #ore diffic:%" "o e;"ing:ish.A& o""%e con"&in & #i;":re of differen" f:e%s #:s" e sh&ken we%% eforei"is %i" &nd "hrown.

O"her in"eres"ing &ddi"i4es c&n inc%:de &%coho%! &ce"one or o"herso%4en"s! which wi%% gener&%%y "hin "he con"en"s &nd ossi %y incre&se"hesi e of "he fire &%%. By &dding & ge%%ing &gen" s:ch &s disk so& !o%ys"yrene! or o"her #&"eri&% "he f%ing #&"eri&% c&n e #&de s"ickyeno:gh "h&" i" wi%% &dhere "o & 4er"ic&% s:rf&ce! s:ch &s & w&%% or "hesideof & 4ehic%e.

8he#ic&% ire Bo""%e

The che#ic&% fire o""%e is re&%%y no"hing #ore "h&n &n &d4&nced#o%o"o4 cock"&i%. $&"her "h&n :sing :rning c%o"h "o igni"e "hef%#& %e%i>:id! which h&s &" es" & f&ir ch&nce of igni"ing "he %i>:id! "heche#ic&%fire o""%e :"i%i es "he 4ery ho" &nd 4io%en" re&c"ion e"ween s:%f:ric&cid

&nd o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e. =hen "he con"&iner re&ks! "he s:%f:ric &cid in"he#i;":re of g&so%ine s r&ys on"o "he & er so&ked in o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e&nds:g&r. The & er! when s"r:ck y "he &cid! ins"&n"%y :rs"s in"o &whi"ef%e! igni"ing "he g&so%ine. The ch&nce of f&i%:re "o igni"e "heg&so%ineis 4ery %ow! &nd c&n e red:ced f:r"her if "here is eno:gh o"&ssi:#ch%or&"e &nd s:g&r "o s &re.


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MAT6$IA S

o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e (C "e&s oons)1C o .g%&ss o""%e w?%ined c& %&s"ics oong&so%ine ( o:nces) s:g&r (C "e&s oons) cooking &n&king sod& (1 "e&s oon) s:%f:ric &cid ( + o:nces) & er "owe%sg%&ss c: g%&ss or "ef%on co&"ed f:nne%r: er ce#en"

1) Tes" "he c& of "he o""%e wi"h & few dro s of s:%f:ric &cid "o#&ke s:re "h&" "he &cid wi%% no" e&" &w&y "he o""%e c& d:ring s"or&ge.If "he &cid e&"s "hro:gh i"! & new "o #:s" e fo:nd &nd "es"ed! :n"i% &c&"h&" "he &cid does no" e&" "hro:gh is fo:nd. A g%&ss "o is e;ce%%en".

C) 8&ref:%%y #i; "he g&so%ine wi"h "he s:%f:ric &cid. This sho:%dedone in &n o en &re& &nd refer& %y fro# & dis"&nce. There is & ch&nce"h&"

"he s:%f:ric &cid co:%d re&c" wi"h &n i# :ri"y in "he g&so%ine! igni"ingi".

-) 2sing & g%&ss f:nne%! s%ow%y o:r "he #i;":re in"o "he g%&sso""%e. =i e : &ny s i%%s of &cid on "he sides of "he o""%e! &nd screw"hec& on "he o""%e. =&sh "he o:"side wi"h & so%:"ion of &king sod& inco%dw&"er. Then c&ref:%%y rinse "he o:"side wi"h %en"y of co%d w&"er. Se"i"&side "o dry.

+) 7:" & o:" "wo "e&s oons of o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e &nd & o:" "wo"e&s oons of s:g&r in"o "he g%&ss c: . Add & o:" c: of oi%ingw&"er!or eno:gh "o disso%4e &%% of "he o"&ssi:# ch%or&"e &nd s:g&r.

5) 7%&ce & shee" of & er "owe% in "he r&ised edge cooking &n.o%d"he & er "owe% in h&%f! &nd o:r "he so%:"ion of disso%4ed o"&ssi:#ch%or&"e &nd s:g&r on i" :n"i% i" is we" "hro:gh! :" no" so&ked. A%%ow"he"owe% "o dry.

') =hen i" is dry! :" & %ine of ce#en" & o:" 1G wide down "hesideof "he g%&ss o""%e. S"&r"ing h&%fw&y &cross "he %ine of ce#en"! wr&

"he& er "owe% &ro:nd "he o""%e! wi"h "he o""o# edge of "he "owe% %ining:wi"h "he o""o# edge of "he o""%e. 8o&" "he inside of "he re#&iningedgeof "he "owe% wi"h ce#en" efore ressing i" in"o %&ce. S"ore "he o""%ein& %&ce where i" wi%% no" e roken or "i ed o4er.

E) =hen finished! "he so%:"ion in "he o""%e sho:%d & e&r &s "wo


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dis"inc" %i>:ids! & d&rk rownish9red so%:"ion on "he o""o#! &nd &c%e&rso%:"ion on "o . The "wo so%:"ions wi%% no" #i;. To :se "he che#ic&%fireo""%e! si# %y "hrow i" &" &ny h&rd s:rf&ce.

) N6V6$ O76N T36 BOTT 6! SIN86 SOM6 S2 2$I8 A8ID MI/3T B6 ON T368A7! =3I83 8O2 D T$I8K 6 DO=N T36 SID6 O T36 BOTT 6 AND I/NIT6 T367OTASSI2M 83 O$AT6! 8A2SIN/ A I$6 AND?O$ 6 7 OSION.

*) To "es" "he de4ice! "e&r & s#&%% iece of "he & er "owe% off"heo""%e! &nd :" & few dro s of s:%f:ric &cid on i". The & er "owe%sho:%di##edi&"e%y :rs" in"o & whi"e f%e.

If yo: in"end "o s: si":"e o"her f%#& %e %i>:ids for "heg&so%ine!firs" #&ke s:re "h&" "hey wi%% no" re&c" wi"h "he s:%f:ric &cid. Thisc&n

e done y #i;ing & s#&%% o:n" in & o""%e! "hen "es"ing "he 7h &f"erse4er&% d&ys h&4e &ssed.

8OM7$6SS6D /AS BOMBS

8o# ressed g&s o# s co#e in se4er&% for#s! :" &%% of "he# :"i%i e"he s>:&re ress:re %&w9 &s "he "e# er&":re of "he g&s incre&ses! "heress:re incre&ses &" & #:ch higher r&"e. 64en":&%%y "he ress:re wi%%e;ceed "he r&"ing of "he con"&iner! &nd i" wi%% :rs"! re%e&sing "heg&s.

Bo""%ed /&s 6; %osi4es

Bo""%ed g&s! s:ch &s :"&ne for refi%%ing %igh"ers! ro &ne forro &ne s"o4es or for :nsen :rners! c&n e :sed "o rod:ce & owerf:%e; %osion. To #&ke s:ch & de4ice! &%% "h&" & des"r:c"i4e erson wo:%dh&4e"o do wo:%d e "o "&ke his con"&iner of o""%ed g&s &nd %&ce i" & o4e &c&nof S"erno or o"her ge%&"ini ed f:e%! %igh" "he f:e% &nd %e&4e "he &re&in& h:rry. De ending on "he o:n" of g&s! "he f:e% :sed! &nd on "he"hicknessof "he f:e% con"&iner! "he %i>:id g&s wi%% oi% &nd e; &nd "o "he oin"

of:rs"ing "he con"&iner in &nywhere fro# & few seconds "o fi4e #in:"es or#ore. In "heory! "he g&s wo:%d i##edi&"e%y e igni"ed y "he :rningge%&"ini ed f:e%! rod:cing & %&rge fire &%% &nd e; %osion.2nfor":n&"e%y!"he :rs"ing of "he o""%ed g&s con"&iner of"en :"s o:" "he f:e%! "h:sre4en"ing "he e; &nding g&s fro# igni"ing. By :sing & #e"&% :cke"h&%f


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fi%%ed wi"h g&so%ine! howe4er! "he ch&nces of igni"ion &re e""er! since"heg&so%ine is %ess %ike%y "o e e;"ing:ished. 7%&cing & c&nis"er ofo""%edg&s on & ed of :rning ch&rco&% so&ked in g&so%ine wo:%d ro & %y e"he#os" effec"i4e w&y of sec:ring igni"ion of "he e; &nding g&s! since&%"ho:gh"he :rs"ing of "he g&s con"&iner #&y %ow o:" "he f%e of "heg&so%ine!"he :rning ch&rco&% sho:%d i##edi&"e%y re9igni"e i". Ni"ro:s o;ide!hydrogen! ro &ne! &ce"y%ene! or &ny o"her f%#& %e g&s wi%% do nice%y.

Ano"her in"eres"ing :se of co# ressed f%#& %e g&ses is in "herod:c"ion of e; %osi4e #i;":res of g&ses. By #i;ing & f%#& %e g&swi"h"he & ro ri&"e o:n" of o;ygen! & 4ery %o:d e; %osi4e co# :s"ion c&ne&chie4ed. The si# %es" for# of g&s de4ice is &sed on "he co##on o;ygen9

&ce"y%ene c:""ing "orch. irs" "he "orch is %i" &nd "he #i;":re of g&sesis&d@:s"ed for & ho"! righ" f%e. Ne;"! "he g&s is di4er"ed in"o so#e for# of con"&iner. This c&n e&sof"! e; &nd& %e con"&iner! s:ch &s & chi%dHs &%%oon or & rigid!inf%e;i %econ"&iner! s:ch &s & g&r &ge c&n or #e"&% i e. I" is #:ch s&fer "o :sef%e;i %e con"&iners "h&" wonH" rod:ce (#:ch) shr& ne%! howe4er if &rigidcon"&iner is :sed! i" c&n e :sed "o %&:ch &%% sor"s of in"eres"ingro@ec"i%es. A #&@or d&nger in :sing #i;ed g&ses is "he high ch&nce of s"r&ys &rksigni"ing "he g&ses. A few si# %e s&fe"y #e&s:res c&n he% red:ce "hisd&ngero:s ro %e#

1) A%w&ys s"ore "he g&ses in se er&"e con"&iners This is "he #os"i# or"&n" r:%e in working wi"h f%#& %e g&ses. 7ress:ri ing o;ygen wi"h&f%#& %e g&s is &skng for "ro: %e! &s :nder ress:re "he g&ses #&yre&c"s on"&neo:s%y! &nd co# ressing #i;ed g&ses gre&"%y incre&ses "he ch&ncesoff%&sh &ck.

C) A%w&ys work in "he o en. %#& %e g&ses sho:%d ne4er e :sed

indoors. &rge >:&n"i"ies of he&4ier or %igh"er "h&n &ir g&ses co:%d&cc:#:%&"e ne&r "he f%oor or cei%ing.

-) A4oid s"&"ic e%ec"rici"y. S"&"ic is %ess of & ro %e# on h:#idd&ys! &nd i" c&n e red:ced y we&ring c%o"hing #&de of n&":r&% fi ers!re#o4ing &%% #e"&% (s:ch &s @ewe%ry! ri4e"ed c%o"hes! e"c) &nd we&ringshoeswi"h cre e so%es.

+) Kee yo:r dis"&nce. /&s e; %osions c&n e 4ery owerf:% &nd


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:n redic"& %e. A 55 g&%%on "r&sh &g fi%%ed wi"h "he o "i#:# #i;":re ofo;ygen &nd &ce"y%ene 1,, fee" &w&y c&n %ow o:" e&rdr:#s &nd cr&ck rickw&%%s.

') S"&r" o:" s#&%%. =ork yo:r w&y : fro# s#&%% %&s"ic &gs orchi%drenHs &%%oons.

The es" #e"hod for s&fe igni"ion is "o #o:n" & s &rk %:g in"o &%eng"h of he&4y s"ee% i e! &nd i# ed "his i e C9- fee" in"o "hegro:nd!wi"h %ess "h&n C fee" & o4e gro:nd. If desired! & se&%ed ("o re4en" &nys &rks) swi"ch c&n e wired &cross "he wires "o shor" "he c& %e whenyo:Hreworking &" "he si"e. $:n he&4y c& %e :ndergro:nd fro# "he i e "o &di"chor :nker &" & s&fe dis"&nce! &nd "er#in&"e "he c& %e in & &ir of %&rge&%%ig&"or c%i s! %ike "he ones :sed on &:"o @:# er c& %es. The o:"eredgeof "hese @:# ers &nd "he %&s" foo" of wire sho:%d e &in"ed righ" red.Now

dri4e & second i e C fee" in"o "he gro:nd! %e&4ing -9+ fee" & o4egro:nd. =hi%e working &" "he si"e! "he shor"ing swi"ch sho:%d e "hrown &nd"he "wo &%%ig&"or c%i s &""&ched "o "he "o of "he i e &" "he :nker.Once"he g&s e>:i "#en" is se" : ! check "o ens:re "h&" o"h c%i s &re on "hei e! "hen ":rn off "he shor"ing swi"ch &nd re"re&" "o "he :nker. A" "he :nker! re#o4e "he c%i s fro# "he i e &nd "&ke co4er. Thewires c&n now e &""&ched "o & high94o%"&ge so:rce. The s &rk %:g wi%%cre&"e & shor" e%ec"ric&% &rc! igni"ing "he g&ses. If "he g&s f&i%s "oigni"e on "he firs" "ry! w&i" & few seconds "hen ower : "he s &rk %:g&second "i#e. If "his f&i%s do no" & ro&ch "he si"e :n"i% &%% "he g&sesh&4edis ersed. =i"h "he :se of :ried g&s i ing &nd &n"i9f%&sh &ck de4ices!s&fe"yc&n e gre&"%y i# ro4ed. The s&fes" #e"hod is "wo h

The Big Book of Mischief Version 4

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Transcript of The Big Book of Mischief Version 4