The Ayurvedic Counselor Program

KAA 108: Ayurvedic Bodywork

The Ayurvedic Wellness Counselor Program

The Goal of Ayurvedic Treatment

To remove the root cause of disease: To remove the root cause of disease:

The imbalance of the Doshas.

Definition of Disease

An imbalance of the Doshas is Roga (Disease)

A balance of the Doshas is Aroga (Health)


In Ayurveda there are two

main ways to balance the

Doshas:

1. Shodhana (Cleansing):

Making pure

2. Shamana (Palliating):

Calming down


Shodhana: Purifying

Shodhana is completely

removing the aggravated

Doshas, Ama, and Malas fromDoshas, Ama, and Malas from

the body, thereby offering a

complete cure. In many chronic

diseases, Shodhana Chikitsa is

very important because the

disease process has gone

through all stages of Samprapti

(pathology).


Shamana: Calming Down

Shamana is calming aggravated Doshas,

mainly using herbs, diet and lifestyle. By

using Shamana, the doshas keep a lowusing Shamana, the doshas keep a low

profile, as long as a person is strictly

following the regimen. With even a slight

“Pradnyaparadha” or “Asatmya Indriya

Samyoga,” the Doshas begin going out of

balance and manifest their symptoms. In

acute conditions, when the disease has not

gone through all of its phases, Shamana

works better than Shodhana. Diet and

lifestyle regimens are very important aspects

of this method of restoring balance.

Ayurvedic Body Therapies

Ayurvedic body therapies mainly

involve oils, or other fats. Many

times they are cured with herbstimes they are cured with herbs

to achieve the benefits of the

medicinal qualities of the herbs.

There are different ways of using

oils called Snehana.

Snehana: The Benefits of Natural Fats

� They spread easily through the dhatus because of

their fluidity and quick absorption.

� They help liquefy fat-soluble toxins.

� They work like a soap; react with ama and the� They work like a soap; react with ama and the

doshas to begin loosening them.

� They enhance flow without obstruction.

� Their lubricating quality protects dhatus at the site

of ama and dosha separation.

� Their oleating quality soothes Vata.

� They stimulate secretions through which the

doshas can move ama and malas into the Koshtha

(out of the tissues and into the physical channels).

Snehana: Benefits

� Stimulates secretions in the dhatus that begin

liquefying ama.

� Secretions also bind the malas together to

remove them from the dhatus and finally fromremove them from the dhatus and finally from

the body.

� Helps remove ama, thereby improving dhatu

nutrition.

� Opens the Srotas so that ama begins flowing

out of the tissues and into the physical channels

(Koshtha).

� Restores Vata's function.

Snehana: Benefits

� Smoothes the skin and improves its

luster and tone.

� Sharpens the sense organs.� Sharpens the sense organs.

� Improves the vision.

� Tonifies and strengthens the muscles.

� Prevents aging.

� Rejuvenates the body.

Snehana: Contraindications

� Obesity.

� Recent completion of Recent completion of

Panchakarma Therapy.

� Recent or current diarrhea or

dysentery.

� Weak Agni.

� Liver and spleen diseases and

ascites.

Snehana: Types of Fats Used

Tail Oil

Ghee Clarified ButterGhee Clarified Butter

Vasa Animal Fat

Majja Fat from Bone Marrow

Snehana: Types of Fats Used

Sesame oil is used as a base for many oil

preparations. Its qualities are warm, sweet,

astringent, and it easily penetrates Dhatus

and nourishes the skin. Many herbs are

used to make herbal oils.

Ghee is nutritive, penetrating, kindles Agni,

cools excessive Pitta. Research has shown

that it reduces cholesterol, calms Vata and

lubricates Dhatus.

Vasa and Majja are very heavy in nature, so

are used only occasionally. Used mainly in

excessive Vata conditions, debility, and with

some kinds of cancers, Teekshna Agni and

Kapha & Dhatu Kshaya.

Snehana: Commonly Used Herbs

Many of these fats are medicated by curing them

in herbal decoctions using herbs such as:

Trikatu

GuduchiGuduchi

Kutki

Triphala

Licorice

Lemongrass

Shatavari

Ashvagandha

Snehana: The Two Types

1. Bahya: External

Massaging the body

with oils.with oils.

2. Abhyantara: Internal

Taking oils or ghee

internally.

Snehana: The Two Types

Both types of Snehana are

important because we need to

cleanse all of the tissue layers. Thecleanse all of the tissue layers. The

internal Snehana works from the

inside out while the external

Snehana works from the outside in,

making sure all of the Dhatus are

saturated with oil.

Abhyantara Snehana: Internal Oleation

For internal oleation, sesame oil is used for

Vata and Kapha, while Ghee is used for Pitta

constitutionsconstitutions

Internal oils or ghees are medicated with

herbal decoctions. Often bitter herbs are

used to help remove excess oils from the

Dhatus.

Abhyantara Snehana: Internal Oleation

Quantity for a 3 or 5-Day Panchakarma

Day QuantityDay Quantity

1st day 1-2 TB

2nd day 2-3 TB

3rd day 3-4 TB

4th day 4-5 TB

5th day 5-6 TB

6th day 6-7 TB

7th day 7-8 TB

Bahya Snehana: External Oleation

The direction of the strokes are first

away from the heart and then toward the

heart.

The pressure of the massage varies

depending on the part of the body being

massaged and its relation to the Marma

points. The pressure facilitates the oil

penetrating the Dhatus through the skin’s

pores.

Bahya Snehana: Oils Used

The oils are selected according to

individual constitution:

Dosha Recommended Oil Effect

Vata Sesame Oil Warming

Pitta Coconut Oil Cooling

Kapha Mustard Oil Heating

Abhyanga: Whole Body Massage

For the whole body,

sesame or medicated oils

are used for massage.

The oil should be

appropriately warm.

Abhyanga: Benefits

The skin is the largest organ of our body. It is very sensitive to

touch therapy, either by massage (with powder, oil or aromas) or

just gentle pressure. It produces antidepressants, anti-cancer and

anti-aging substances and hormones that enhance circulation.

Instead of using automatic massage rollers, machines, or muscleInstead of using automatic massage rollers, machines, or muscle

vibrators, the touch of a human hand on the body has immediate

benefits for the mind, emotions and the physiology. That is why

Ayurveda has emphasized more on the healing magic of touch

since ancient times.

Remember that every neurochemical found in the nervous system

is also present in the skin. Massage can stimulate those

neurochemicals, hence it is found effective in psychological as well

as nervous conditions.

Udvartana—Udgharshana—Utsadan

These terms refer to a special

therapeutic form of massage. In this

massage, firm pressure is applied with a

consistent flow of upward strokes, doneconsistent flow of upward strokes, done

either with oil or with powder.

When done with the help of dry

powders, which is indicated in Obesity,

it is named Udgharshana. When done

with herbal paste and oil then it is

called Utsadan. This is indicated in thin

patients.

Udvartana: Benefits

� Reduces excess fat

� Reduces excess Kapha and Vata

� Gives strength to the body � Gives strength to the body

� Improves skin luster

� Improves function of Bhrajaka Pitta

� Increases skin absorption

� Clears the blockages

� Reduces itching and bad smell from

the sweat.

Mardana: Pressure Massage

Mardana is the application of warm

oil to the body followed by a oil to the body followed by a

kneading massage.

Self Massage

Everyone needs massage on a regular basis

either by self or can be enjoyed with a partner,

or to get it done by a professional massage

therapist. Ayurveda calls this procedure as

Abhyanga. As any machine needs oiling &

greasing, the body loves to be oiled for pleasuregreasing, the body loves to be oiled for pleasure

and also to protect it from wear and tear. In the

ancient Indian healing practice of Ayurveda, self-

massage plays an important role. Many people

are now realizing that this simple and effective

method of vitalizing, balancing, and stimulating

the body and mind offers many advantages. It is

not difficult, nor does it take a lot of time. You

can massage the entire body or just certain

parts. A few minutes of massage every day can

make a lot of difference in energy level and well

being.

Self Massage: Benefits

� Increases skin softness

� Decreases Vata

� Strengthens the dhatus

� Cleans the skin and makes it � Cleans the skin and makes it

lustrous and soft

� Increases strength

� Increases longevity and slows

aging

� Promotes sleep

� Improves vision

� Increases stamina

Mini Oil Massages

When time is the factor,

Abhyanga or oil massage Abhyanga or oil massage

should at least be done to

the head, ears and feet.

Head Massage: Benefits

� Prevents headache.

� Prevents hair loss, early

graying and balding.

� Strengthens hair,

improves growth.

� Skull bones become

strong.

� Brightens facial skin.

� Promotes sound sleep.

Ear Massage: Benefits

� Prevents ear

problems and

ringingringing

� Balances Vata

� Prevents neck

stiffness

� Improves hearing

� Prevents headaches

Foot Massage: Benefits

� Prevents hardening, stiffness, roughness,

tiredness and insensitivity to touch.

� Increases foot strength.� Increases foot strength.

� Prevents cracks in the foot and blood vessel

clogging.

� Improves eye sight.

� Aids sleep.

� Acts as an aphrodisiac.

Snehana: Other Types

� Pishinchhali (Sarvangdhara):

Continuous massage and pouring of

warm oil over the body.

� Shirodhara: Continuous stream of

warm oil on the forehead.

� Tarpana: Keeping oil over the

eyeballs, ears, vagina with a cotton

swab dipped in oil.

� Snehavagahana: Bathing in a tub

filled with warm oil.

Oil Massage & the Doshas

Before performing massage

one must know their

constitution.

Traditionally massage

according to Ayurveda

includes oils that provide

specific benefits for Vata, Pitta

and Kapha. Appropriate oils

should be selected with an

understanding of the Doshas.

Oil Massage & Vata

Vata Prakriti needs oil massage daily or

on alternate days. Vatas tend to

become dry easily. They benefit from

the nurturing quality of a warm oil

massage. It lubricates their dry skin,

protects their fragile joints, helps themprotects their fragile joints, helps them

feel grounded and strengthens their

aura.

Vata Prakriti is very sensitive to touch.

Moderate pressure massage is enough

ideal for them. Rolfing and other deep

tissue massage are rarely needed in

Vata people. Even the more subtle

energy types of massage can have

dramatic effects, as these people are

very sensitive to touch.

Oil Massage & Vata

For Vata Prakriti, oil should always be warm when applied

so it can penetrate more deeply to calm the nervous

system. Moderate amount of oil is enough as too much

oil may cause disturbance in digestive tract.

Herbs such as Bala, Amruta, Ashwagandha and ShatavariHerbs such as Bala, Amruta, Ashwagandha and Shatavari

can be added to the oils to create tonic effect.

Dhanvantara, Narayan or Mahanarayan oils are also very

good to eliminate inflammation or stiffness in the joints.

Vata types, who tend toward worry and

restlessness, can benefit from a gentle

massage using oils such as sesame or almond,

which are heavy and warm.

Oil Massage & Pitta

Pitta Prakriti enjoys regular massage

from a skilled, highly knowledgeable

and loving massage professional. They

are less likely to massage themselves.are less likely to massage themselves.

Massage with correctly applied oil will

enhance the natural luster of their

skin, nourish their muscles, and calm

nervous system. Excess quantity or

excessively heating oils make Pitta

people itchy, thirsty and irritable. Their

skin is very sensitive and easily

becomes inflamed.

Oil Massage & PittaSuitable oil should be cooling and neutral in nature.

Coconut oil calms and cools the body. It also

reduces thirst and burning sensations. Sunflower oil

helps inflamed skin. Olive oil and Ghee are more

neutral. At times they may be too heating unless

cooling herbs are added. Gotu kola, Bhringraj,

Mandukparni, Jati and Sandalwood are the mostMandukparni, Jati and Sandalwood are the most

useful herbs to bring a cooling effect. Essential oils

that have cooling effect include jasmine, lotus, rose

mogra, khus, lemongrass and gardenia. Pitta people

have strong likes and dislikes.

Pitta types are prone to overheating

and heat related conditions such as

rashes and other irritations of the skin.

Hence they should use a deep massage

with cooling oils such as coconut and

olive.

Oil Massage & Kapha

Kapha Prakriti needs massage to

improve their circulation and

lymph drainage. Their skin and

muscles are strong and thick.

Hence they need deep tissue that

is penetrating massage. More oil isis penetrating massage. More oil is

not at all good to Kapha people.

Even though they will love to have

it more, they should use very little

as they tend to increase the feeling

of heaviness in the body. Hence

one must use small amount of hot

sharp stimulating oils such as

Mustard. Jojoba oil with essential

oil such as cedar, pine musk,

cinnamon is also good.

Oil Massage & Kapha

Finely meshed herbal powder massage is also good

for Kapha people. Thus vigorous friction massage,

triggering, lymphatic massage are also good for Kapha

people. Oils for massage are selected not only

according to the Dosha they benefit; but alsoaccording to the Dosha they benefit; but also

according to the climate, season, age and location.

Castor and Sesame are good in dry climates because

they are heavy and penetrate the skin, going deep

into the tissue. Sunflower oil is recommended for

damp climate. Mustard and sesame are best in cold

weather, while coconut and olive are good for hot

weather. Similarly local other oils such as jojoba,

grape seed and avocado. Jojoba oil is very good as it is

light and penetrating. Avocado is rich and nourishing.

Oil Massage & Kapha

In contrast to these natural products is mineral oil.

Because oil is a carrier of nutrients to the body, such

harsh, poor quality, unnaturally colored and

perfumed oils should never be used on the skin.

Kapha types, who can become sedentary

and sluggish when out of balance,

respond best to the vigorous,

stimulating massage using light oil such

as sunflower or mustard. Dry massage

with powders is also beneficial for

Kapha.

Massage Procedure: Step 1

Use warm oil.

Start by massaging the head. Dip fingertips in warm oil

and begin to massage the scalp. Comfortable mediumand begin to massage the scalp. Comfortable medium

pressure is given during the massage. The massage for

the entire body should be done not only by fingertips,

but with the palms too. Massage to the head, neck and

shoulders are very important. Due to the fast life style

we are exhausted mentally than physically, thus

increasing stress. Our thoughts and emotions tend to

stiffen the muscles of the face, head, neck and shoulders

particularly. By good massage to these areas, we can

release the tension over the muscles and even release

emotional traumas. Massage allows energy to flow more

freely between the head and heart. Apply oil gently to

the face and both front and back of the neck.


Massage the external ear. For that, turn the head

slightly to the left supported by the left hand.

Hold the right ear lobe between the thumb and

index finger. With a gentle squeezing and rollingindex finger. With a gentle squeezing and rolling

motion, move along the outer edge of the ear to

the point where ear connects to the head. Use

the tips of the index fingers to rub the innermost

part of the ear and the ear hole. Lastly rub the ear

with whole hand until it is warm. Turn the head to

the right and repeat the massage by the same

manner to left ear.


Apply a small amount of oil

to the entire body and then

proceed with the massage

to other areas of the body.to other areas of the body.

This will allow maximum

amount of time for the oil

to be in contact with the

body and get absorbed

through the skin.


Massage the arms. The

proper motion is back andproper motion is back and

forth over long bones and

circular over joints. Massage

arms, forearms, palms and

fingers.


Apply oil to the chest and

abdomen. A very gentleabdomen. A very gentle

circular motion should be

used, moving clockwise

over the bowel area.

Massage Procedure: Step 6a

Concentrate on the massage of the back. (This is

very difficult to do by yourself. You may need

another person to do the back). Using the tapping,

rubbing, firm pressure the spine can be gently

massaged to relax and resume its natural shape.massaged to relax and resume its natural shape.

Spinal massage strengthens the nervous system

and promotes the free flow of cerebrospinal fluid

within it. For the massage of the spine, a receiver

needs to be lying on his stomach with his/her back

exposed from the sacrum up to the top of the

neck. Always start the massage strokes from the

base and work up to the top of the spine.

Massage Procedure: Step 6b

Start with a tapping action. To do so, stretch the

hand with the fingers loosely spaced. This

awakens the spinal energies and improves

circulation to the spinal area. Then take warm

oil and rub vigorously into either side of theoil and rub vigorously into either side of the

sacrum, then up along both sides of the

vertebral column. Then using both thumbs,

apply pressure evenly, starting at the tip of the

sacral area, then on both sides of the sacrum

and up the spine. Pressure should be firm, but

not uncomfortable. Total self massage of the

spine and back is not possible. There will be

some area which you may have difficulty

reaching.


Massage the legs. Like the arms,

use a back and forth motion overuse a back and forth motion over

the long bones and a circular

motion over the joints.


Massage the soles of the feet. The feet also

have very important Marma points.

Proportionately more time should be spent toProportionately more time should be spent to

massage it than other parts of the body. Use

the palms of your hands and massage

vigorously back and forth over the soles of the

feet.

Kati Basti

Kati (lower back) Basti (oil

treatment) involves a dam

with black gram and wheat with black gram and wheat

flour is prepared placed on

the lower back.

Warm oil is poured in the

dam with a cotton swab for

5-10 minutes.

Kati Basti: Indications

� Sciatica

� Osteoarthritis of lower

spinespine

� Restricted muscular

movements

� low back pain

� Stiffness of lower back

Kati Basti: Benefits

� Muscle aches,

spasms and lower

spine rigidityspine rigidity

� Strengthens the

bone tissue of

lower back.

Uro Basti

Uro-Basti means medicine

retained on the chest andretained on the chest and

heart region.

Uro Basti: Benefits

� Reduces pain in the

chest and strengthenschest and strengthens

the heart.

� Releases emotions

buried at the level of

the Anahata Chakra.

Udara Basti

Udara is Abdomen.

This Basti is doneThis Basti is done

around the navel.

Different herbs are

used with the oil.

Udara Basti: Benefits

� Improves digestion � Improves digestion

� Reduces gas, bloating

� Relieves acid stomach

Pishinchhali

This technique is popular in South India

where there is predominance of Vata

aggravating weather. Pishin (Squeezing),

chhali (vigorous movement). Large quantitieschhali (vigorous movement). Large quantities

of oil are poured on the body while massaging

it vigorously with a bolus of rice wrapped in a

cloth. The massage forcefully drives the oil

into the pores of the skin so it can penetrate

into the deep tissues.

Pishinchhali: Main Function

� Vata pacification

� Stimulate Marma points

� Create harmony between

Vata’s five sub-DoshasVata’s five sub-Doshas

� Eliminate toxins from joints

and improve their mobility

� Reduce muscle spasms,

fatigue

� Reduce degenerative muscle

diseases

� Improves circulation

Dhara

Translated, Dhara means stream.

As the name suggests, a stream of As the name suggests, a stream of

medicated oil, milk, butter milk is

poured continuously over the

affected area.

Shirodhara

Warm sesame oil is streamed

across the forehead in a across the forehead in a

simple procedure that has

profound calming effect on

the mind, body and soul.

Shirodhara: Benefits

� Balances the nervous system

� Reduces stress and anxiety

� Mind becomes peaceful

� Improves hearing and vision

� Life becomes peaceful and more

enjoyable

Takra Dhara

In Takra Dhara, medicated

buttermilk is poured in anbuttermilk is poured in an

uninterrupted flow over the

forehead and scalp. Takra Dhara

is mainly aimed at Pitta Dosha as

it has cooling effect on the body.

Takra Dhara: Benefits

� Psoriasis

� Hypertension � Hypertension

� Diabetes

� Hair loss (due to heat)

� Skin problems

� Insomnia

Pada Dhara

Oil, milk or

buttermilk is poured buttermilk is poured

continuously on the

feet.

Pada Dhara: Indications

� Foot dryness

� Pain in the small � Pain in the small

joints of the feet

� Burning feet

� Vision problems

Pichu

Warm medicinal oil is applied

with cloths to indicated areas, with cloths to indicated areas,

followed by a gentle massage. The

treatment is named after the

folded piece of cloth used to cover

the crown called the 'Pichu'.

Pada Dhara: Indications

� Acute pain� Acute pain

� Joint pain

� Headache

Swedana: Heat Therapies

After Snehana,

Swedana is Swedana is

performed. Swedana

literally means

anything that makes a

person sweat.

Swedana: Benefits

� Helps loosen Ama and dislodge it

from the Dhatus

� Dilates Srotas and opens up

channels so Ama, Malas and Doshas

are easily separated from the Dhatusare easily separated from the Dhatus

� Improves Agni and liquefies Ama,

making it easier for it to flow

through channels

� Facilitates movement of Doshas,

Ama and Malas from Shakha to

Koshtha

� Relieves stiffness, heaviness and

cold

Swedana: Indications

� Vata-predominant constitution and diseases

� Exposure to cold and Kapha diseases like common cold

� Hiccough, Asthma

Heaviness of the body and obesity� Heaviness of the body and obesity

� Pain in neck, lumber-sacral region, back, hips, legs, head,

hands

� Stiffness in the neck, hips & back, “Lock jaw,” facial

paralysis

� Sciatica, Arthritis, Urinary disorders, constipation

Swedana is done in mainly Vata and Kapha

conditions and is avoided in high Pitta

conditions.

Swedana: Contraindications

� Pitta predominant diseases like fever,

inflammations

� Bleeding tendencies

� Skin diseases

� Severe diarrhea

� Alcoholism

� Pregnancy

� Toxic conditions

� Menstruation

� Diseases of eye

During Swedana, the eyes and heart area (Pitta

locations) should be protected with cool moist cloth.

Swedana: Types

1. Nadi Sweda: Nadi is a channel, a tube. Steam

is passed through the tube and is applied to

the localized area. It is a wet heat and

penetrates well in all Dhatus. A facial steamer

comes very handy as a nadi Sweda. Generallycomes very handy as a nadi Sweda. Generally

it is done for about 10 – 15 minutes.

2. Bashpa Sweda: In this type, a steam is

applied to the whole body. A steam cabinet,

steam tent or a wet sauna is examples of

Bashpa Sweda. In the steam cabinet, a person

either sits or lies down. Heat is applied to the

entire body except the head. This steam is

applied for about 15 – 30 minutes.

Swedana: Types3. Pinda (Bolus) Swedana (Heat): A bolus of rice cooked

with special Vata pacifying herbs is soaked in herbal

milk decoction of nutritive herbs. This is then rubbed

on the body focusing on the muscle tissue and joints. It

is usually performed after Snehana.

Main Function

� Improves muscle tone

� Nourishes Mamsa Dhatu

� Pacifies Vata

� Useful in facial paralysis and hemiplegia

� Useful in multiple sclerosis and muscular

atrophy

This therapy has to be administered and performed in a

series over a period of time especially for degenerative and

muscular disorders.

Swedana: Types

4. Tapa Sweda: A piece of cloth (e.g. a

towel) is heated by hot sand, a hot brick,

a lamp, etc and used as a heating pad. It

is ideal for Kapha.is ideal for Kapha.

5. Upanaha Sweda: Semi-solid or semi-

liquid material like a poultice is used.

6. Valukapottali Sweda: It is dry

fomentation by sand.

7. Lepa: Application of an herbal paste

which dries on the skin and is then

removed.

Ayurvedic Body Scrub: Benefits

The skin becomes soft and the dead

cells are removed. The skin becomescells are removed. The skin becomes

supple and there is healthy glow to

it. This treatment is very good for

cellulites and obesity.

Ayurvedic Facial Massage

The smooth strokes while

massaging the face release massaging the face release

subtle tension underneath

the skin. Pressure points

work on the deeper tissues

and associated organ

systems.

Ayurvedic Facial Massage: Step 1

Apply warm oil to both the Apply warm oil to both the

palms and start massaging

with smooth strokes,

starting from the mid-line

of the chin.


Place the fingers under the

jaw, resting thumbs on the jaw, resting thumbs on the

jaw line. Ask the patient to

open his mouth slightly.

Manipulate the chin and

jaw area by pressing up

and releasing gently.


Place thumbs on the jaw at

the chin with index and third

finger underneath the jaw

line. Apply pressure to the line. Apply pressure to the

top & inner part of the jaw

bone. Lightly make small

clockwise circles at the

temples. The point at the

temple is Shankha Marma.

Repeat the procedure twice.


Place the index finger between

lower lip and tip of the chin.

Ask the patient to open his Ask the patient to open his

mouth slightly. Make small

clock wise circles at this point.

Continue this type of clock wise

type of massage from cheeks to

the temples. Repeat twice.


Place the tips of index fingers between

the nose and the middle of the upper lip.

This is called as Ushtra Marma. Press This is called as Ushtra Marma. Press

gently. Then stroke from this point out on

both sides up to the corners of the mouth,

then under the cheek bones, to the top of

the ear, over the ear, to the base of the ear

where it touches the head, to the bony

bump (Mastoid) behind the ear lobe.

Repeat this twice.

Ayurvedic Facial Massage: Step 6-7

Hold the left side of the head

with left hand. Place right

index finger just above the

base of the nostril. This base of the nostril. This

point is known as Nasa

Marma. Give small circular

massage from this point up

to the bony prominence

behind the ear lobe, but

from over the ear. Repeat

twice. Repeat, holding the

right side of the head with

the right hand.


Starting at the inner end Starting at the inner end

of the eye brow, pinch

along the eye brow to its

outer edge with the help

of index finger and

thumb.


Stroke from the tip of the

nose to the area of third

eye, which is slightly eye, which is slightly

above the mid-point

between the eye brows.

This is Ajna Marma.

Massage this area in

gentle clockwise motion

for two minutes.


Massage the fore head.

Make zigzag motions Make zigzag motions

from one side of the fore

head to the other. Repeat

this from right to left and

then from left to right.

Marmas: The Vital Points

Marma point is an anatomical site where the muscles, arteries, veins, nerves, ligaments,

bones and joints meet together. This does not mean that all the structures must be

present collectively at that site of Marma.

According to Ashtang Hridaya these are the points where important nerves, (Dhamani)

come together along with other structures such as muscles and tendons, etc.come together along with other structures such as muscles and tendons, etc.

Vagbhata says that those sites, which are painful, severely tender and show abnormal

pulsation (should also be) considered as Marma or vital points

These points are the seats of life. They are also the sites where not only Tridoshas (Vata,

Pitta and Kapha) are present but their subtle forms Prana, Ojas (soma) and Tejas (Agni)

are also present with Sattva, Rajas and Tamas (Su. sh. 6122).

According to another definition, they are Marayanti iti Marmani meaning these are the

vital areas if injured can lead to death. If Marmas are injured they do not always result

in death but can cause various diseases, which are difficult to cure.

Marmas: Two Categories

1. Therapeutic areas

2. Lethal areas

Marma PointsMarma or the vital points on the body are the

junction of the body and mind. They are also

important pressure points on the body much like the

acupuncture points of the Traditional Chinese

Medicine.

The most important difference between

acupuncture points and Marma is the Marma points

are measured in anguli or finger unit relative to each

individual, and they are larger in size. Also, these

points are not related to meridians.

Sushruta being surgeon has stressed the importance

of the knowledge of Marma in surgical practice. He

has stated that in any surgical procedure the

knowledge of Marma and other structures like

nerves, muscles, bones and veins and arteries is

utmost essential.

Marma PointsWhile performing Kshara karma—

application of plant alkalis—the

knowledge of Marma is essential.

Kshara can act like surgical instrument

hence one should be cautious. The area

of Marma is very sensitive hence theof Marma is very sensitive hence the

surgeon should take precaution while

performing any surgery or while

applying anything on the Marma areas

or near these vital points.

Marma points are stimulated by

massage to achieve the healing effects

to specific areas of the mind-body

system. Marmas are sensitive areas so

massage should be done carefully. The

duration of the Marma points should be

at least 3-5 minutes.

Marma Points

� For toning and strengthening the internal

organs, massage in a clockwise direction.

For detoxification and reducing excess

Doshas do it anticlockwise. Doshas do it anticlockwise.

� For Vata Prakriti, use sesame oil in large

quantity.

� The ideal oil for Pitta is Coconut oil, ghee,

sandalwood oil, etc.

� Kapha do better by with mustard oil,

safflower oil.

Marma Therapy & Herbal Pastes

Herbal pastes help reduce swelling and pain when

applied over an injured Marma. Pastes are applied

after massage sometimes to seal the energy of the

treatment. Pastes can be prepared by adding water

in the powdered her. in the powdered her.

The Proportion

Powder: 1 part

Oil: 1/4th part, 1/6th part or 1/8th part.

Some of the Herbs Used are

Ginger, turmeric, calamus, hing, sandalwood, aloe

and Ashwagandha, etc.

The 12 Important Marmas

No. Marma Location Controls

1 Adhipati Top of the cranium 7th (Sahasrara) Chakra, Majjavaha & Pranavaha Srotas, Prana

Vata, Tarpaka Kapha and Sadhaka Pitta

2 Sthapani At the center of the

eyebrows; Position of

6th (Ajnya) Chakra, Prana Vayu

eyebrows; Position of

the Third Eye

3 Manya Both sides of thyroid 5th (Vishuddha) Chakra, Prana and Udana Vayu, Speech

4 Hridaya Heart 4th (Anahata) Chakra, Rasavaha Srotas, Sadhaka Pitta, Vyana and

Prana Vayu, Avalambaka Kapha

5 Nabhi Umbilicus 3rd (Manipura) Chakra, Annavaha, Raktavaha, Pancreas, Agni

(solar plexus), Pachaka and Ranjaka Pitta; Samana Vayu

The 12 Important Marmas

No. Marma Location Controls

6 Basti In between pubic bone

and umbilicus

2nd (Swadhisthan) Chakra, Mamsavaha Srotas, Apana

Vayu

7 Guda Anal region around anal

orifice

1st (Muladhara) Chakra, Mutravaha, Shukravaha &

Artavavaha Srotas, testes and ovariesorifice Artavavaha Srotas, testes and ovaries

8-9 Tala-

Hridaya

Center of the sole facing

the root of the third toe

Pranavaha Srotas, Mamsa Dhatu of Planter’s Arch

10-11 Tala-

Hridaya

Situated in the center of

palm, facing the root of

the middle finger

Pranavaha: Lungs and respiration, Avalambaka Kapha,

Mamsa Dhatu of Superficial and Deep Palmer’s Arch

12 Kukundara On both buttocks Raktavaha Srotas, formation of Rakta Dhatu (blood)

Vata-Balancing Marma: Front of Body

Marma Location (See Diagram) Benefits/FunctionsBasti 1 Uterus, bladder, Apana Vayu, Kledaka Kapha

Bhaga 2 Reproductive organs, Apana Vayu, Kledaka Kapha, Ranjaka Pitta

Tala Hrida 3; Center of the arches of the feet,

center of palms

Controls Prana VS

Vankshana 4, 5; Ligaments Reproductive organs, Apana Vayu, Pachaka Pitta, Ranjaka Pitta, Kledaka Kapha

Lohita 6, 7; Midfemoral Colon, lymph, reproductive system, circulationLohita 6, 7; Midfemoral Colon, lymph, reproductive system, circulation

Urvi (Oorvee) 8, 9, 10, 11; Rounded center of thighs as

well as back front and sides

Ovaries, testicles, colon, bladder, Purusha VS, Shukra and Artava VS

Charana 12, 13 Colon, bladder

Indrabasta 14, 15; Rounded center of calves Reproductive organs, descending colon, ascending colon (constipation, diarrhea,

dysmenorrheal, leg pain), Apana

Gulpha 16, 17; Both inner and outer part below

each ankle

Colon, Kidneys

Kshipra 18, 19; Between big and second toe,

thumb and index fingers

Reproductive organs, pituitary gland. Tala on foot stimulates Apana Vayu. Prana

VS, Shukra and Artava VS, testicles, ovaries and lungs stimulated by Nadi ending in

big toe.

Vata-Balancing Marma: Back of Body

Marma Location (See Diagram) Benefits/Functions

Karnapali 1 Lumbar-sacral joint, Apana Vayu, Kundalini, root chakra

Karnamula 2; Behind Ears Intestines, colon, amnesia, Bell’s Palsy, Prana, Samana and Apana Vayu.

Griva 3; C6 Small intestine, colon, Samana & Apana Vayu

Vrukka 4, 5; T12, Renal Angle Kidneys, adrenals

Kukundura 6, 7; L5 Bladder, kidney, ureter, colon

Kati 8; Lumbar-Sacral Joint Bladder, ovaries, testicles, colonKati 8; Lumbar-Sacral Joint Bladder, ovaries, testicles, colon

Trik 9; Tip of Coccyx Prostate, cervix, Kundalini, Apana Vayu, Shukra and Artava VS

Sphig 10, 11; Mid-Gluteal fold, Sit

Bones

Sciatica, colon, leg pain, Apana Vayu, Purisha VS

Urvi

(Oorvee)

12, 13; Rounded center of

thighs as well as back, front and

sides

Ovaries, testicles, bladder, colon

Indrabasta 14, 15 Colon, hemorrhoids, IBS, sciatica

Pitta-Balancing Marma: Front of Body


Basti 1 Uterus, bladder, Apana Vayu, Kledaka Kapha

Bhaga 2 Reproductive organs, Apana Vayu, Kledaka Kapha, Ranjaka Pitta

Tala Hrida 3; Center of the arches of the

feet, center of palms

Controls Prana VS

Vankshana 4, 5; Ligaments Reproductive organs, Apana Vayu, Pachaka Pitta, Ranjaka Pitta,Vankshana 4, 5; Ligaments Reproductive organs, Apana Vayu, Pachaka Pitta, Ranjaka Pitta,

Kledaka Kapha

Lohita 6, 7; Midfemoral Colon, lymph, reproductive system, circulation

Urvi

(Oorvee)

8, 9, 10, 11; Rounded center of

thighs as well as back front and

sides

Ovaries, testicles, colon, bladder, Purusha VS, Shukra and Artava

VS

Charana 12, 13 Colon, bladder

Indrabasta 14, 15; Rounded center of calves Reproductive organs, descending colon, ascending colon

(constipation, diarrhea, dysmenorrheal, leg pain), Apana

Pitta-Balancing Marma: Front of Body


Gulpha 16, 17; Both inner and outer

part below each ankle

Colon, Kidneys

Pleeha 13; Midpoint of lower left

ribs

Ranjaka and Pachaka Pitta, spleen, left kidney and pancreas.

Nabhi 14a, b, c and d; Center Seat of Samana Vayu and small intestine, junction between Prana andNabhi 14a, b, c and d; Center Seat of Samana Vayu and small intestine, junction between Prana and

Apana Vayu, site of 72,000 Nadis, Panchaka and Ranjaka Pitta.

a. Nabi 1: Gall bladder, head of pancreas, duodenum, regulates

Panchaka and Ranjaka Pitta, Samana Vayu and gastric fire.

b. Nabi 2: Spleen, Samana Vayu and small intestine.

c. Nabi 3: Samana and Apana Vayu, regulates juncture of ileocecal

valve between Pitta and Vata, appendix and right ureters.

d. Nabi 4: Regulates Samana and Apana Vayu, descending colon and

left ureter.

Pitta-Balancing Marma: Back of Body

Marma Location (See Diagram) Benefits/FunctionsShivarandra 1; Two anguli behind

Murdhini

Sadhaka Pitta, headaches, calms mind, balances emotions and neck pain.

Manyamula 2; Posterior cranial fossa,

below occiput

Sadhaka and Pachaka Pitta, connected to digestive process and acidic secretions. Anna

VS, Prana Vayu, stroke, pancreatic dysfunction and toxins in the sigmoid colon.

Vidhuram 3, 4; Base of occiput, l&r,

close to C1 and one anguli

Alochaka Pitta, Ranjaka Pitta, Prana VS, occipital headaches, connected to acidic

secretions, nose bleeds, cerebral hypertension, disequilibria and visual disturbances.close to C1 and one anguli

out to each side

secretions, nose bleeds, cerebral hypertension, disequilibria and visual disturbances.

Right: Liver

Left: Spleen

Krkatika 5, 6; C2 Spleen and liver.

Griva 7; C6 Small intestine, colon, Samana and Apana Vayu.

Manyamani 8; C7 Bhuta Agni, heart and Pituitary gland

Adhah

Skanda

9, 10 Hyperacidity and gastritis

Brahati 11, 12; Bottom tips of

scapula

Rakta VS and Ranjaka Pitta.

Right: Gall bladder

Left: Spleen

Parshwa

Sandhi

13, 14; Literally side joint Right: Liver

Left: Spleen

Angustha

Mula

15; At the snuff box Ranjaka Pitta, liver pain, spleenic pain, congestion in the spleen, anger, rage, hostility,

irritability and impatience.

Kapha-Balancing Marma: Front of Body


Kantha 1; Adam’s apple Udana Vayu, Prana Vayu, Bodhaka Kapha, vocal chords and

larynx.

Jatrurdhwa Granthi 2 Thyroid gland

Kanthanadi 3; Clavicle notch Udana Vayu, Prana Vayu, Avalambaka Kapha, Sadhaka Pitta,

trachea, thyroid and metabolism.

Jatru 4 Udana Vayu, Prana Vayu, thymus gland, Ojas, T-LymphocyteJatru 4 Udana Vayu, Prana Vayu, thymus gland, Ojas, T-Lymphocyte

production and immune system.

Apastambha 5, 6; Second intercostals space Udana and Prana Vayu, Avalambaka Kapha, Prana VS, Anna VS,

bronchii, vegus nerve (rest and digest), pulmonary and aortic

valves, breast tissue, asthma, bronchitis, brings up grief and

sadness.

Hrud 1 7, 8; Third intercostal space Vyana Vayu, Prana Vayu, Avalambaka Kapha, increases

circulation of lymph, pericardium, left and right atrium of the

heart.

Kapha-Balancing Marma: Front of Body


Hrud 2 9, 10; Fourth intercostals space Prana Vayu, Vyana Vayu, Avalambaka Kapha, heart valves and

ventricles, improves circulation of lymph and blood.

Kakshadhara 11, 12; Midpoints of deltopectoral

fossae

Mamsa VS, Prana VS, allows heart to express its energy,

increased ventilation, lymph, breast/mastic tissue (promotes

circulation within tissue).

Janu 13, 14 Vyana Vayu, Prana Vayu, Avalambaka Kapha, Kledaka Kapha,Janu 13, 14 Vyana Vayu, Prana Vayu, Avalambaka Kapha, Kledaka Kapha,

lymph, heart, lungs and bladder.

Charana 15, 16; Bifurcations of tibia and

fibula

Thyroid, kidneys, diabetes, gall bladder, PMS, regulates Apana

and Vyana Vayus, Medha VS

Gulpha 17, 18; Below each ankle: Inner

and outer

Ambu VS, Purisha VS, Apana Vayu, balances Prana. Lifting

inner ankle gives thyroid Prana. Lifting inner arch activates

Udana Vayu.

Outer: Ovaries and testicles.

Inner: Colon, kidneys, brings of negative emotions.

Kapha-Balancing Marma: Back of Body


Manyamula 1; Above occiput Pancreas

Krkatika 2, 3 Diabetes, pancreas, lungs and asthma

Griva 4, 5, 6; C#, C4, c% Thoracic duct, vocal cords and parathyroid.

Manyamani 7; C7 Heart, lungs, bronchus and bronchii.

Prustha 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b;

T3, T4, T5

Heart, lungs, asthma and bronchitis.

T3, T4, T5

Amsa

Phalak

11, 12; Center of scapula Heart, lungs, asthma and bronchitis.

Vrukka 13, 14; Renal angles, T12 Ambu VS, Apana and Udana Vayu, adrenal pain, kidneys, regulating point

between Apana and Udana Vayu.

Janu 15, 16 Lungs

The Ayurvedic Counselor Program

Documents

Transcript of The Ayurvedic Counselor Program