Online Radiation Dose Measurement System for ATLAS experiment
The ATLAS Experiment
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Transcript of The ATLAS Experiment
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The ATLAS ExperimentWhat infinetely small particles tell us about our infinitely
big Universe
October 3th
McGill University - ATLAS Group
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Studying the smallest constituents of matter and how they interact with each other
What for?
● Find clues to understand our Universe○ What is it made of?○ Understand its past and birth
● Unify forces in an universal theory
What is particle Physics?
We are
here!
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How to classify everything that we see?
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Mendeleev Periodic Table
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From atoms to quarksThomson, 1897
Discovery of electron
Rutherford, 1909-1911 Existence of a nucleus
Chadwick, 1932 Discovery of neutron Gell-Manm & Zweil, early 60s
Postulate existence of quarks
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The Standard Model of particles
Pauli, 1930Postulate existence
of neutrino
neutrino(very very small
mass)
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4 fundamental forces (interactions) in our Universe:
How is this holding together? FORCES!
Colour Charge
Electric Charge
Mass
Weak Charge
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In the Standard Model, the forces are mediated by a force carrier particle: the Gauge Boson
● Electromagnetism: photon● Weak force: Z, W● Strong force: gluon● Gravity: graviton
How does it works? Gauge Bosons
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The Standard Model of particles
Who’s that guy?
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● The Higgs mechanism provides mass to the particles of the Standard Model.
● ATLAS and CMS announced discovery in July 2013
Rolling in the Higgs
Tiny little bump here!
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Problem: Funny particles (like the Higgs) are rare. To increase the chance of seing them, create a tremendous amount of particles.
Solution: Take low mass particles, give them lots of energy and collide them to create heavy unstable particles. (E= mc2)
Challenge: looking for a needle in a haystack!
Particles factories
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The LHC at CERN
ATLAS
CMSALICE
LHCb
● 100 m underground
● 27 km in circumference
● 40M collisions/s
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The ATLAS detector
● 7000 tons● 45m long, 35m high● 170 universities and
institutes● 35 countries● 3000 people
beam pipe
proton bunch
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The ATLAS collaboration
University of AlbertaUniversity of British ColumbiaCarleton UniversityMcGill UniversityUniversité de MontréalUniversity of ReginaSimon Fraser UniversityUniversity of TorontoTRIUMFUniversity of VictoriaYork University
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Particles produced during the collision must be detected.
● Onion shape apparatus● Each layer detects one
type of particles● Possible to understand what type of collision happened
Detectors
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The detection information is processed and stored by computers all over the world
● Sort through 40M collision/s● Record ~ 400 that we find promising
Data recording and storage
~ 10 TB/day
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Atoms, electrons Electricity Transistors Computers
World Wide Web
Origin and composition of the
Universe
Scientific and technological headways
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● Still a lot to discover!● Much phenomena remains unexplained
to date (Does dark matter do exist? What is it made from? What about gravity?)
Find more information on:www.atlas.ch
Conclusion