The ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION Mr. P’s Class ANY NOTES IN YELLOW ARE MAIN POINTS AND GO IN THE LEFT...

The ARTICLES The ARTICLES OF OF

CONFEDERATIOCONFEDERATIONN

The ARTICLES The ARTICLES OF OF

CONFEDERATIOCONFEDERATIONN

Mr. P’s ClassMr. P’s Class

ANY NOTES IN ANY NOTES IN YELLOWYELLOW ARE ARE MAINMAIN POINTSPOINTS AND AND GO IN THE LEFT COLUMN OF YOUR NOTESGO IN THE LEFT COLUMN OF YOUR NOTES

ANY notes in GREEN do not have to be in your notebookANY notes in GREEN do not have to be in your notebook

ANY NOTES IN ANY NOTES IN REDRED ARE ARE SUPPORTINGSUPPORTING DETAILSDETAILS AND GO IN THE RIGHT COLUMN OF YOUR NOTESAND GO IN THE RIGHT COLUMN OF YOUR NOTES

KEY QUESTIONKEY QUESTION Was Shays' Rebellion caused by the Was Shays' Rebellion caused by the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? Explain.Explain.

Articles of ConfederationArticles of Confederation

FEDERAL VS. STATE GOVERNMENTFEDERAL VS. STATE GOVERNMENT•Federal GovernmentFederal Government - - (a central (a central government to control all of the states)government to control all of the states)

• government of the WHOLE country.

FEDERAL VS. STATE GOVERNMENTFEDERAL VS. STATE GOVERNMENT•Federal Government - (a central government to control all of the states)


•State Government - government of just one state.

Articles of Confederation

The thirteen colonies The thirteen colonies (now states) already (now states) already formed state formed state governments and governments and written down the rules written down the rules of how they would of how they would govern.govern. “CHARTER” or “CONSTITUTION” - (Written set of rules and laws that government must follow).

1776 – Even though the war with Britain was 1776 – Even though the war with Britain was going on, The United States of America still going on, The United States of America still needed to form a government.needed to form a government.


ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION -



•The first plan for governing the United States.

CONFEDERATION - (a loose association, rather than a firm union) .


ARTICLES OF ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATIOCONFEDERATION -N -



•The first plan for The first plan for governing the governing the United States. United States.

CONFEDERATIOCONFEDERATIONN - - (a loose (a loose association, rather association, rather than a firm union)than a firm union) ..


This deliberately made the federal government weak; the State governments had almost all of the power (see handout).

•Central (Federal) government - connects the states together.

Articles of ConfederationArticles of Confederation•REPUBLIC - (voters choose representatives to make laws).

•CONGRESS - (Representatives from each state who make laws for the whole United States).

Articles of ConfederationArticles of Confederation•Inspired by the “Iroquois Confederacy” and Magna Carta.

Iroquois are a Native-American tribe who Iroquois are a Native-American tribe who practiced practiced DEMOCRACYDEMOCRACY - - (the people choose their (the people choose their leaders).leaders).


Each state was equal to and independent from every other state. Larger Larger states were permitted states were permitted more delegates, but each more delegates, but each state had only state had only one voteone vote..

No federal

court system.

Power under the Articles…

http://clawgeshistory.homestead.com/files/flag13.jpg

Articles of ConfederationArticles of Confederation No President (they did not trust giving (they did not trust giving one person so much power)one person so much power).. Weak Federal government, with one lawmaking house (Congress).

ORDINANCE - (government regulations or rules).

1785 - “Northwest Territory” - (what is now Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Ohio, + Indiana) joined the U.S. as a territory (not yet states).


1787 - NORTHWEST ORDINANCE explained: 1) How the new territory would be governed.2) The procedure for eventually becoming states.

The first

The first

ordinance

ordinance

divided up the

divided up the

territory in

to

territory in

to

square chunks

square chunks

of land.

of land.


1. Freedom of religion, speech, and the right to a jury trial.

TheThe NORTHWEST ORDINANCENORTHWEST ORDINANCE also also containedcontained Three important rules:

3. Slavery was banned in the territory.

2. Native-Americans must be treated fairly.


Why did the Articles of Confederation fail? 1) A vote of 9/13 was needed to pass a law.

2) No supervision by the federal government to ensure that laws were carried out.


Why did the Articles of Why did the Articles of Confederation fail?Confederation fail?

3) No federal court system to judge if a law was broken.

4) Changing the Articles required an unanimous vote.


6) Each state had its’ own money, not negotiable in any other state.

5) Congress could not force states to give tax money to the federal government; it was frequently broke after fighting the Revolution.


8) Each state NEGOTIATED (made deals) it’s own trade treaties with other countries.

7) Each state had its’ own army.


There were debts owed to former soldiers, There were debts owed to former soldiers, other countries (France),U.S. merchants & other countries (France),U.S. merchants & suppliers; suppliers; The Federal Government could not pay

DEBTS – (Money owed to others).

Problems created by the Articles of Confederation


A Union in name only; states operated like 13 separate countries.

Disputes over state boundaries.


A powerless

A powerless federal federal government.

government.


No national No national identity.identity.

Shays RebellionShays Rebellion

A sense of lawlessness, due to the lack of A sense of lawlessness, due to the lack of a Federal army.a Federal army. No strong Federal government to oversee No strong Federal government to oversee

financial policy.financial policy.


Worthless state Worthless state money.money.No “check” on No “check” on

state government state government power.power.

No President to

No President to

lead the people.

lead the people.

General Daniel Shays - from Pelham, Mass. was a Revolutionary War hero.


SHAYS’ REBELLION 1786-1787

The state bank foreclosed on Shays’ farm, and the farms of thousands of others because he because he tried to pay his bills tried to pay his bills with Massachusetts with Massachusetts paper money, much paper money, much of which the state of which the state bank had given himbank had given him..


Other business owners were also in debt, Other business owners were also in debt, but farmers were hurt the most.but farmers were hurt the most.


Remember, each state Remember, each state issued it’s own money, and issued it’s own money, and paper money wasn’t always paper money wasn’t always accepted.accepted.

People (& banks) People (& banks) preferred coin money preferred coin money made of silver. made of silver.


Thousands of people began to protest, Thousands of people began to protest, calling themselves “the Regulators”.calling themselves “the Regulators”.


Town meetings were held all over Town meetings were held all over MassachusettsMassachusetts, Daniel Shays was chosen to , Daniel Shays was chosen to be the leader of the Regulatorsbe the leader of the Regulators..

The farmers demanded:


1) State government must 1) State government must guarantee the paper money.guarantee the paper money.

The farmers demanded:The farmers demanded:


The farmers demanded:The farmers demanded:2) Money owed from the war.2) Money owed from the war.


Regulators shut Regulators shut down courthouses down courthouses until their demands until their demands were met.were met.

The courts were The courts were holding foreclosure holding foreclosure hearings on farmers hearings on farmers and small and small businessmen. businessmen. Many were being sent Many were being sent to jail for not paying to jail for not paying their debts. their debts.


Governor Bowdoin sent the state Governor Bowdoin sent the state MilitiaMilitia – –((citizen-soldiers who fight during an citizen-soldiers who fight during an emergency)emergency) to break up the Regulators. to break up the Regulators. However the militia sided with the However the militia sided with the Regulators.Regulators.

Daniel ShaysDaniel ShaysGovernor BowdoinGovernor Bowdoin


The governor: The governor: Created a professional army.Created a professional army. Signed new laws against the Regulators.Signed new laws against the Regulators.

January 25, 1787 - Regulators attacked the Springfield Armory to get weapons for a march on Boston.


Springfield Springfield ArmoryArmory

The state Army The state Army defeated them.defeated them.


February 1787 - the army defeated the Regulators again in Sheffield. .


Between the two battles, 35 people were Between the two battles, 35 people were killed.killed.


Sheffield, MASheffield, MA

Are the ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION Are the ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION responsible for SHAYS’ REBELLION?responsible for SHAYS’ REBELLION?


Fall 1787 - Congress voted to hold a CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION (elected representatives meet to create a list of rules for the government).

This was the This was the only only unanimous unanimous vote that the vote that the Congress Congress ever held.ever held.

KEY QUESTIONKEY QUESTION

Was Shays' Rebellion caused by the Was Shays' Rebellion caused by the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? Explain.Explain.

THE END!THE END!

The ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION Mr. P’s Class ANY NOTES IN YELLOW ARE MAIN POINTS AND GO IN THE LEFT...

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