the Art of Distillation Book IV

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John French - The Art of

Distillation - Book IV

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BOOK IV

OF ANIMALS

WATERS, SPIRITS, AND OILS, SIMPLE

AND COMPOUND OUT OF ANIMALS

OIL AND WATER OUT OF BLOOD ISMADE THUS

Take of blood as much as you please. Let it stand inputrefaction in a glass vessel close covered the space of forty days. Then distill it in ashes, and there will comeforth a water and oil. Extract the salt out of the feces withthe said water. Calcine the salt in a crucible and thendissolve it in the said water. Then distill off the water(which will be a good rectifying of the water) and dry the

salt very well, which then mix with the foresaid oil beingfirst rectified, and digest them both together for the spaceof a month.

TO MAKE THE MAGISTERY OF BLOOD

Take of the purest blood as much as you please. Put itinto a pelican, so that three parts of four may be empty,

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and then digest it a month in horse dung (in which time itwill swell and become as much more as it was when itwas put in). Then distill off the phlegm in balneum, andin the bottom will remain the magistery of blood whichmust be distilled and cohobated nine times in a retort inashes, and then it is perfected.This magistery is of excellent virtue which, being taken

inwardly, and applied outwardly cures most diseases andeases pain, being very balsamical.

ELIXIR OF MUMMY IS MADE THUS

Take of mummy (viz., of man's flesh hardened), cutsmall four ounces, spirit of wine terebinthinated tenounces, and put them into a glazed vessel (three parts of four being empty) which set in horse dung to digest forthe space of a month. Then take it out and express it, andlet the expression be circulated a month. Then let it runthrough manica hippocratis, and then evaporate the spirituntil that which remains in the bottom be like an oilwhich is the true elixir of mummy.This elixir is a wonderful preservative against allinfections, also very balsamical.

THE ESSENCE OF MAN'S BRAINS

Take the brains of a young man that has died a violentdeath, together with the membranes, arteries, veins,

nerves, all the pith of the back, and bruise these in a stonemortar until they become a kind of pap. Then put asmuch of the spirit of wine as will cover it three or fourfingers breadth. Then put it into a large glass so that threeparts of four be empty, being hermetically closed. Thendigest it half a year in horse dung. Then take it out anddistill it in balneum and cohobate the water until thegreatest part of the brains be distilled off.A scruple or two of this essence taken in some specificalwater once in a day is a most infallible medicine againstthe falling sickness.

A FAMOUS SPIRIT MADE OUT OF

CRANIUM HUMANUM

Take of cranium humanum as much as you please. Breakit into small pieces, which put into a glass retort wellluted, with a large receiver well luted. Then put a strong

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fire to it by degrees, continuing of it until you see nomore fumes come forth, and you shall have a yellowishspirit, a red oil, and a volatile salt.Take this salt and the yellow spirit, and digest them bycirculation two or three months in balneum, and you shallhave a most excellent spirit.This spirit is of affinity with, if not the same as, that

famous spirit of Dr. Goddards in Holborne.It helps the falling sickness, gout, dropsie, infirmstomach, and indeed strengthens all weak parts, andopens all obstructions, and is a kind of panacea.

ANOTHER EXCELLENT SPIRIT MADE

OUT OF CRANIUM, HARTS HORN, OR

IVORY

Take of either of these. (If you take cranium, it need not

be bruised at all, only broken into little pieces; if hartshorn or ivory, you must cut them in thin pieces). Lay itpiece by piece upon a net spread upon any vessel, beingmost full of water. Cover this net with another vesselvery close. Then make the water boil, and keep it boilingthree days and three nights, and in that time the bones orhorns will be as soft as cheese. Then pound them, and toevery pound thereof, put half a pound of hungarian vitrioluncalcined, and as much spirit of wine as will make theminto a thin paste. This paste digest in a vesselhermetically sealed the space of a month in balneum.

Then distill it in a retort in sand until all be dry, and youshall have a most excellent spirit.This spirit is of wonderful use in the epilepsyconvulsions, all fevers putrid or pestilential, passions of the heart, and is a very excellent sudorific.This spirit may be taken from the quantity of half anounce to an ounce in some specifical liquor.

A WATER AND OIL MADE OUT OF HAIR

Fill an earthen retort with hair cut small. Set it over thefire and fit a receiver to it. There will come over a verystinking water and oil.This water and oil is used in Germany to be sprinkledupon fences and hedges to keep wild and hurtful cattlefrom coming to do harm in any place, for such is thestink of this liquor that it does frighten them from comingto any place near it.





WATER OF MILK IS MADE THUS

Take of what milk you please a gallon. In it dissolve half a pound of salt, and put to it two handfuls of plantain,and an ounce of licorice sliced. Then distill it in a hot stillwith a gentle fire.This water is of excellent use in hot distempers of the

lungs and kidneys.You may put in other ingredients according to the useyou would have it for.

AN EXCELLENT COMPOUND WATER

OF MILK FOR ANY INFLAMMATIONS

IN THE EYES

Take of woman's milk a pint, of white copperas a pound,and distill them in ashes. Note that as soon as you

perceive any sharp spirit to come off, then cease.Let inflamed eyes be washed three or four times in a daywith this water, and it helps them wonderfully.

SPIRIT OF URINE IS MADE THUS

Take of the urine of a young man drinking much wine, asmuch as you please. Let it stand in glass vessels inputrefaction forty days. Then pouring it from its feces,distill it in a glass gourd in sand until all be dry. Then

cohobate the said spirit on the caput mortuary threetimes. Then distill it in a gourd of a long neck and therewill ascend, besides the spirit, a crystalline salt whichyou may either keep by itself, being called the volatilesalt of urine, or mix it with its spirit which will therebybecome very penetrating if they be digested for somedays together.Note that the pipe of the head must be wide or else thevolatile salt will soon stop it.Note that this salt is so penetrating that it penetrates thebody of the glass.

This spirit by rectification may be made so pure andsubtle that it will burn as fire and dissolve gold andprecious stones.This being often applied to any place pained with thegout eases it presently. It also quickens any part that isbenumbed.The salt volatile is Helmont's famous medicine for the

jaundice.





A COMPOUND SPIRIT OF URINE

Take of hungarian vitriol a pound, and the urine of a boythat is healthy four pounds. Put these into a glass vesselwell closed so that three parts of four may be empty.Digest them in balneum for the space of a month andthen distill them in ashes until all be dry.

This spirit is of great virtue in the epilepsy, gout, dropsy,convulsions, being taken from two drams to half anounce in some specifical liquor.

TO MAKE A SPIRIT OF HONEY

Take good strong stale mead, otherwise called metheglin,as much as you please, distill it in a copper still oralembic, with its refrigeratory, and it will yield a spiritlike aqua vitae.

THE QUINTESSENCE OF HONEY IS

MADE THUS

Take of the purest honey two pounds, and of fountainwater one pound. Boil these together until the water beboiled away, taking off the scum that rises. Then take thehoney and put it into a glass, four parts of five beingempty. Close it well and set it in digestion a whole yearand you shall have the essence of honey swimming onthe top in form of an oil, being of as fragrant smell asanything in the world. The phlegm will be in the middle,and the feculent matter in the bottom, of a dark color andstinking smell.

SOME MAKE THE QUINTESSENCE OF

HONEY AFTER THIS MANNER

Take as much honey as you please, of the best, and put itinto a glass. First distill off the phlegm in balneum, andthen extract the tincture out of what remains with the saidwater. Then calcine the remaining feces and extract fromthence the salt with the foresaid water being distilled off from the tincture. Calcine the salt and melt it in acrucible. Then let it dissolve in a cellar, and then againevaporate it away. You shall have a most white saltwhich let imbibe as much of the tincture as it will. Digestthem for three months, and you shall have an essence of honey.





AN ESSENCE OF HONEY MAY BE MADE

THUS

Take of honey well despumated as much as you please.Pour upon it as much of the best rectified spirit of wineas will cover it five or six fingers breadth. Digest them ina glass vessel well closed (the fourth part only being full)

in a temperate balneum the space of a fortnight or untilthe spirit be very well tinged. Then decant off the spiritand put on more until all the tincture be extracted. Put allthese tinctures together, and evaporate the spirit untilwhat remains begins to be thickish at the bottom and of agolden colonThis is a very excellent essence of honey and is of sopleasant an odor that scarce anything is like to it.It is so cordial that it even revives the dying if two orthree drops thereof be taken in some cordial water.

A MOST STRONG SPIRIT OF THE

VINEGAR OF HONEY

Take a pound of honey and put to it of the best whitewine vinegar six pints, an ounce of white pepper bruisedsmall, of the strongest mustard seed bruised three ounces.Put these into a glass vessel so that three parts of four beempty. Digest them in a temperate balneum, or set thevessel in the sun for the space of a fortnight. Then distillthem in balneum and you shall have a spirit far sharperthan the common spirit of vinegar.This spirit is stronger and better than any commondistilled vinegar for the dissolving of hard things andextracting of the tinctures out of things.

OIL OR QUINTESSENCE OF WAX

Take of the best wax a pound and as much of pure sandwell washed from all its impurity and again dried. First,melt the wax, and then mix the sand with it very exactly.

Then put them into a glass retort well coated. Fit a strongreceiver to it and set it in sand. Give it fire by degrees,continuing it four days, which at last must be very strong.There will come off a spiritous oil which must berectified seven times in a glass retort, every timechanging the retort, and you shall have a subtle oil of agolden color.This oil extracts the virtues of all flowers presently, being





set in the sun. It is wonderful balsamical for the cure of wounds or ulcers both inward and outward. Beingapplied outwardly, it also eases all pains, quickens anydeadened member, as in the palsy.

WATER IS MADE OUT OF FLESH THUS

Take what flesh you please, the bloodiest part thereof,unwashed, being cut very small, and then bruised (or if itbe a feathered fowl, take it being chased up and downuntil it be wearied, and then suddenly strangled, thefeathers being plucked off without putting of it intowater, and thus being plucked bare and the bowels takenout, cut the flesh, bones, gizard, liver, heart). Pour upon itas much water as will be sufficient, with what spices andherbs you please. Then set it over a gentle fire in anearthen vessel, glazed, the space of 24 hours. Put thehead upon it and lute it close, and there will distill off acomfortable restorative water.

WATER OR LIQUOR IS MADE OUT OF

FLESH THUS

Take of what flesh you please, or feathered fowl preparedas before. Bruise it small, and put it into a copper vesseltinned within side, without any water being put to it. Puta cover to it and lute it close. Set it in balneum or overthe vapor of seething water. If the flesh be tender, it will

be turned into a clear liquor the space of twelve hours, if harder it will require a longer time. You may put in whatspices or herbs you please to give it a good relish andodor. After all is done you may strain it and keep it foruse, being very restorative and good for weak stomachsthat cannot concoct hard meat.If this be digested in a pelican or bolt-head a fortnight, itwill be far better.After this manner may be prepared snails, worms, andsuch like which are very medicinal.

A VERY EXCELLENT RESTORATIVE

LIQUOR

Take of the heart, lungs, and liver of a calf, the seineparts of a fox new killed, cut them small, and put to thema quart of shell snails well scoured with salt water. Letthese be put into a copper vessel tinned within side and





covered close that no vapor comes forth. Set this vesselover the vapor of seething water, and in 24 hours orthereabouts they will be for the most part of them turnedinto a liquor of themselves. Then take out this liquor andput it into a large pelican or bolt-head, putting to them aquart of old Mallago wine, rosemary flowers, betonyflowers, marigold flowers, marsh wallow flowers, of

each a handful; half a pound of raisins of the sun stoned,mace, and nutmeg, of each two drams; then pour off thatwhich is clear from the feces and sweeten it with sugar orsyrup of gilly flowers. Let the patient take thereof five orsix spoonfuls, three or four times a day.This liquor recovers the decaying strength wonderfully.They that by reason of their weakness can neither eat nordigest any manner of common meat will, in a short time,be sensibly strengthened if they drink a quarter of a pintof this morning and evening.

A BALSAM MADE OF BEAR'S FAT

Take of bear's fat a pound, distill it in a retort, and rectifyit three or four times. To this, thus rectified, put thetincture of rosemary and made with spirit of wine, of each three ounces. Mix them well together. In theseinfuse cloves, cinnamon, saffron, nutmeg, of each threedrams, in warm ashes the space of a night. Then strainthem and put to the oil four ounces of the best waxmelted and mingled well together.

This is a most incomparable balsam for the gout andpalsy.

THE OIL OF SNAKES AND ADDERS

Take snakes or adders when they are fat which will be inJune or July. Cut off their heads, take off their skins, andunbowel them. Put them into a glass gourd, and pour onso much of the pure spirit of wine well rectified that itmay cover them four or five fingers breadth. Stop theglass well and set it in balneum until all their substancebe turned into an oil, which keep well stopped for youruse.This oil does wonderful cures in recovering hearing inthose that be deaf, if a few drops thereof be put warminto the ears.A nobleman of Germany that was famous for curing thedeaf used this as his chiefest medicine, by which they sayhe cured those that were born deaf.





THE QUINTESSENCE OF SNAKES,

ADDERS, OR VIPERS

Take of the biggest and fattest snakes, adders, or viperswhich you can get in June or July. Cut off their heads,take off their skins, and unbowel them. Then cut theminto small pieces and put them into a glass of a wide

mouth. Set them in a warm balneum so that they may bewell dried which will be in three or four days. Then takethem out, and put them into a bolthead. Pour on them of the best alcolized wine, as much as will cover them six oreight fingers breadth. Stop the glass hermetically, anddigest them fifteen days in balneum, or so long until thewine be sufficiently covered, which pour forth. Thenpour on more of the foresaid spirit of wine until all thequintessence be extracted. Then put all the tinged spiritstogether, and draw off the spirit in a gentle balneum, until

it be thick at the bottom. On this pour spirit of winecaryophyllated, stir them well together, and digest themin a circulatory ten days. Then abstract the spirit of wine,and the quintessence remains at the bottom perfect.This quintessence is of extraordinary virtue for thepurifying of the blood, flesh, and skin and, consequently,of all diseases therein. It cures also the falling sickness,and strengthens the brain, sight, and hearing, andpreserves from grey hairs, renews youth, preserveswomen from abortion, cures the gout, consumption,causes sweat, and is very good in and against pestilential

infections.

VIPER WINE IS MADE THUS

Take of the best fat vipers, cut off their heads, take off their skins, and unbowel them. Then put them into thebest canary sack, four or six according to their bignessinto a gallon. Let them stand two or three months. Thendraw off you wine as you drink it.Some put them alive into the wine, and there suffocate

them, and afterwards take them out, and cut off theirheads, take off their skins, and unbowel them, and thenput them into the same wine again, and do as before.This wine has the same virtues as the foregoingquintessence. It also provokes to venery, cures theleprosy and such like corruptions of the blood.

KUNRATH'S FAMOUS WATER CALLED





AQUA MAGNANIMITATIS

Take of pismires or ants (the biggest that have a sourishsmell are the best) two handfuls, spirit of wine a gallon.Digest them in a glass vessel close shut the space of amonth in which time they will be dissolved into a liquor.Then distill them in balneum until all be dry. Then put

the same quantity of ants as before. Digest and distillthem in the said liquor as before. Do this three times, andthen aromatize the spirit with some cinnamon.Note that upon the spirit will float an oil which must beseparated.This spirit is of excellent use to stir up the animal spirit -in so much that John Casmire, Palse-grave of the Rheneand Seyfrie of Collen, General against the Turks, didalways drink of it when they went to fight, to increasemagnanimity and courage which it did even toadmiration.This spirit does also wonderfully irritate them that areslothful to venery.It also provokes urine even to admiration.It does also wonderfully irritate the spirits that are dulledand deeded with any cold distemper.This oil does the same effects, and indeed morepowerfully.This oil does, besides what is spoken of the spirit, helpdeafness exceedingly, two or three drops being droppedinto the ear, after it is well syringed, once in a day for a

week together.It helps also the eyes that have any film growing onthem, being now and then dropped into them.

ANOTHER AQUA MAGNANIMITATIS IS

MADE THUS

Take of ants or pismires a handful, of their eggs twohundred, of millepedes or woodlice one hundred, and of bees one hundred and fifty. Digest all these in two pints

of spirit of wine, being very well impregnated with thebrightest soot. Digest them together the space of a month,then pour off the clear spirit and keep it safe.This water, or spirit, is of the same virtue as the former.

WATER OF DUNG IS MADE THUS

Take of any dung as much as you please. While it is still





fresh, put it into a common cold still and with a soft firedistill it off. It will be best if the bottom of the still be setover a vapor. If you would have it be stronger, cohobatethe said water over its feces several times; for we seethere is great virtue in dung. It makes ground fertile, andmany sorts thereof are very medicinal.

A WATER OF DOVES' DUNG IS MADETHUS

Take of doves' dung as much as you please. To everypound put a pint of Rhenish wine, in which let it steep allnight in a gentle balneum. Then distill it in a glass gourdin ashes. Cohobate this liquor three times. If there be anyvolatile salt, mix it with the water.This water is very excellent against all obstructions of thekidneys, bladder, it helps the jaundice presently, two or

three spoonfuls thereof being drunk once every morningand evening.

A WATER MADE OF HORSE DUNG

Take of the dung of a horse that is fed in the stable asmuch as you please. Let it stand two days out of the sunand out of the wet. To every pound of this pour a pint of white wine. Let them stand in a warm balneum afortnight. Then distill them in a glass gourd in sand.Cohobate this three or four times. If there be any volatile

salt, mix it with the water.This water is very excellent against the bastard pleurisy,stitches, wind, obstruction of the reins, bladder, verygood in a dropsy, jaundice, scurvy, etc. If three or fourspoonfuls be taken every morning in the water of juniperberries, it also causes sweat.

A WATER SMELLING LIKE AMBER

MADE BY PARACELSUS OUT OF COW

DUNG

Take of cow dung and distill it in balneum, and the waterthereof will have the smell of ambergris.This water is very excellent in all inward inflammations.

AN EXCELLENT SUDORIFIC MADE OF

THE YOUNG BUDS OF HARTSHORN





Take of the young buds of hartshorn, while they are fullof blood and moist. Bruise them into a paste. Then mixas much canary wine as will make a very thin paste.Distill them in ashes until they be very dry.This is an excellent sudorific in all burning fevers andepidemical diseases. If a spoonful be taken by itself or inany appropriated liquor.

OIL OUT OF BONES AND HORNS IS

MADE THUS

Take of what bones you please. Reduce them to a grosspowder, and put them into a retort, putting a strong fireby degrees "hereunto. There will come forth an oil andvolatile salt, both which you may mix together and digestthem into an essence, the oil being first rectified withspirit of wine.

THE WATER OF SWALLOWS AGAINST

THE FALLING SICKNESS

Take of swallows, cut into small pieces withoutseparating anything from them six ounces, of castoreumcut small an ounce. Mix them together, and infuse themtwelve hours in half a pint of canary wine. Then put theminto a glass gourd and distill them in sand until all be dry.Then cohobate the liquor three times.This water, being drunk to the quantity of two spoonfulsevery morning, cures them that have the falling sickness.

OIL OF EGGS IS MADE THUS

Take of the yolks of eggs boiled very hard. Rub them inpieces with your fingers. Then fry them in a pan over agentle fire, continually stirring them with a spoon untilthey become red, and the oil be resolved and flow fromthem. Then put them into a hair cloth, and so press forththe oil.

This oil cleans the skin from any filthiness contracted byheat. It cures pustules, chaps, excoriations, ring worm,and especially all burnings.

A WATER OF THE WHITES OF EGGS

THAT WILL CURE A WOUND WITHOUT

ANY VISIBLE SCAR





Take as many eggs as you please and boil them veryhard. Then cut them in the middle and take out the yolks,filling up the cavities with some of those whites, beingfirst bruised into a paste. Then put both sides of the eggstogether as before, tie them together with a thread, andwith a string hang them in the middle of a gourd glass, sothat they touch not the sides. Stop this glass very close

and set it in balneum. You shall see those whites whichwere bruised drop down into a liquor which you mustgather up out of the bottom of the glass and keep.You will have very little of this liquor.This liquor applied to any green wound with a feathercures it presently, wheresoever it be, without any visiblescar. It cures most wonderfully all wounds in the eyes.

A WATER OF CRABS IS MADE THUS

Take of crabs or crawfish, as many as you please. Breakthem to pieces and macerate them in water of sengreenfor the space of a day. Then distill them and cohobate thewater three times.This water is of singular virtue in all manner of inflammations inward and outward.

AN OIL OR LIQUOR IS MADE OUT OF

CRAB EYES THUS

Take of crabs' eyes very finely powdered five parts, oil of

tartar per deliquium six parts (this oil of tartar must bemade of salt of tartar after it has flowed in the fire).Digest them in horse dung the space of a month. Thencoagulate the liquor and make an extraction with the bestrectified spirit of wine that can be made (or else you loseyour labor). Then evaporate the spirit of wine, and thereremains an oil at the bottom.This oil is of wonderful virtue in all putrid fevers andsuch like distempers, and also in all obstructions,especially, of the kidneys.

WATER OF SPAWN OF FROGS IS MADE

THUS

Take of the spawn of frogs gathered in March, as muchas you please. Put a handful of salt to every quart, andput them into a common cold still. With a gentle firedistill off the water until no more will distill.





A COMPOUND WATER OF THE SPERM

OF FROGS

Take of the sperm of frogs gathered in March about thenew of the moon four pounds, of cow dung fresh sixpounds. Mix them well together and let them stand thespace of a day. Then distill them in ashes.

This water allays all hot pains both inward and outward,especially of the gout.

ANOTHER COMPOUND WATER OF THE

SPERM OF FROGS

Take of the sperm of frogs gathered in March two poundsand a half, the urine of a young man three pints, newtreakle two ounces and a half, white vitriol, salt, alum, of each four ounces. Then distill them and put to the water

an ounce and a half of the salt of vitriol, camphor, andsaffron, of each an ounce.This water being applied outwardly helps all pains,especially of the gout, and such like, and also allays hotor cold swellings. It also stenches bleeding.

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