The Arab-Israeli The Arab-Israeli ConflictConflict

►Who?Who?- Palestinians and Israelis- Palestinians and Israelis

►What?What?-Struggle for the control of land in and -Struggle for the control of land in and around Israelaround Israel

►When?When?-officially started with the United Nations -officially started with the United Nations partition and creation of Israel in 1948partition and creation of Israel in 1948

►Why?Why?-both believe the land belongs to them -both believe the land belongs to them based on history and religionbased on history and religion

Important Terms/Events/PeopleImportant Terms/Events/People Diaspora- the removal and dispersion of Diaspora- the removal and dispersion of

Jews from Israel by the Romans in 70ADJews from Israel by the Romans in 70AD Zionism-nationalist movement founded Zionism-nationalist movement founded

by Theodore Herzl for the creation of a by Theodore Herzl for the creation of a homeland for Jews in Palestine (ancient homeland for Jews in Palestine (ancient kingdom of Israelkingdom of Israel

Arab Nationalism-movement in the Arab Nationalism-movement in the Arab community to have their own Arab community to have their own country/nationcountry/nation

►McMahon Pledge-McMahon Pledge-British official Henry McMahon’s British official Henry McMahon’s promise to the Arabs for the creation promise to the Arabs for the creation of country if the Arabs help the British of country if the Arabs help the British in WWIin WWI

►Balfour Declaration-Balfour Declaration-British official Arthur James Balfour’s British official Arthur James Balfour’s pledge to Zionists for a creation a pledge to Zionists for a creation a Jewish state in PalestineJewish state in Palestine

►Partition Plan-Partition Plan-1947, United Nations plan to divide 1947, United Nations plan to divide Palestine into 2 lands, 1 for Palestinians Palestine into 2 lands, 1 for Palestinians and 1 for Israelisand 1 for Israelis

David Ben Gurion-David Ben Gurion-first President of the State of Israel in first President of the State of Israel in 19481948

Law of Return-Law of Return-a Israeli law that allows any Jew living in a Israeli law that allows any Jew living in the world Israeli citizenshipthe world Israeli citizenship

1948 War over creation- 1948 War over creation- 5 Arab nations attack the newly formed 5 Arab nations attack the newly formed country of Israelcountry of Israel

6 Days War-6 Days War-1967 war between Israel and surrounding 1967 war between Israel and surrounding Arab countries, Israel wins and takes Arab countries, Israel wins and takes control of occupied territoriescontrol of occupied territories

Occupied Territories-Occupied Territories-won by Israel in 6 Days War-Gaza Strip, won by Israel in 6 Days War-Gaza Strip, Golan Heights and West Bank (Jerusalem)Golan Heights and West Bank (Jerusalem)

Yom Kippur War-Yom Kippur War-1973, Arab nations attack Israel on holy 1973, Arab nations attack Israel on holy holiday, they win early victories but holiday, they win early victories but Israel fights back and war ends with a Israel fights back and war ends with a cease firecease fire

Yasir Arafat-Yasir Arafat-founder and president of PLO, led founder and president of PLO, led terrorist attacks against Israel, but in terrorist attacks against Israel, but in 1990’s work for peace with Israel, won 1990’s work for peace with Israel, won the Nobel Peace Prize and died in 2004the Nobel Peace Prize and died in 2004

PLO-PLO-Palestinian Liberation Organization, Palestinian Liberation Organization, formed to give a voice to the formed to give a voice to the Palestinians and fight for self-Palestinians and fight for self-determinationdetermination

Intifada-Intifada-meanings uprising-fighting by the meanings uprising-fighting by the Palestinians against Israeli occupationPalestinians against Israeli occupation

Oslo Accords-Oslo Accords-1993 peace plan signed by PLO and 1993 peace plan signed by PLO and Israel, first plan between the twoIsrael, first plan between the two

Barriers to PeaceBarriers to Peace1.1. Jerusalem-who would get controlJerusalem-who would get control2.2. Palestinian refugeesPalestinian refugees3.3. Jewish Settlements in Palestinian Jewish Settlements in Palestinian

landslands