The age of romanticism (1800 1850)
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Transcript of The age of romanticism (1800 1850)
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
• 19th-Century England 19th-Century England : Romantic Period
( poetry); Victorian Period ( prose).
• RomanticismRomanticism: first fifty years of the 19th
Century.
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
Causes of the Striking out of RomanticismCauses of the Striking out of Romanticism: :
• Methodism: Evangelical movement (John
Wesley);
• Made religion less a matter of argument /
creed and more a passionate, supernatural
experience of the soul.
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
The Earl of Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper The Earl of Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper
& Jean-Jacques Rousseau & Jean-Jacques Rousseau
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
• Man: essentially good, happiest in a state
of nature, free from institutions and
artificial restraints of organised society.
• Contemplation of / communion with Nature
( not through reason).
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
• Primitivism: philosophy of education in
France (Rousseau ,1712-1778).
• “Rustics” (country people):most perfect (least corrupted by the institutions of government ,i.e., school, marriage).
• Emile,1762.
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
• Anthony Ashley Cooper (1801- 1885).Anthony Ashley Cooper (1801- 1885).
• Student of the Classics.
• Investigated “Pauper Lunatics” and Mental
Asylums.
The Age of Romanticism The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)(1800-1850)
• Laboured to implement the 10-hour day
( children worked 15 hours!).
• “The Climbing-boy Bill”, 1840. (Enforced in
1875 – “The Shaftesbury Act”).
The Age of Romanticism The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)(1800-1850)
• The Ragged/ˈraɡɪd/School Union: poor children taught on Thursday and Sunday evenings.
The Age of Romanticism The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)(1800-1850)
The Industrial Revolution:
•Changed the pattern of English life.
•An agricultural nation that became the chief
industrial nation in the world.
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850))
• Old Cottage Economy Old Cottage Economy (individual craftsman
and his hand-labour) could not compete
with the machines.
• CraftsmenCraftsmen forced to leave the countryside /
villages and live in cities, in slums, with
paltry wages.
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
• Overproduction and overpopulation.
• Agricultural Revolution: open fields were
“enclosed” ( they had been own by the
villages since Saxon times).
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
American (1776) and French Revolutions
(1789):
•Dramatic effect on the political, economic
and intellectual future of England.
•Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
The French revolution : influential on English
intellectuals and writers [ demand for more
democratic government and awareness of
social injustice].
•Dissapoinment for its tyranny the (gillotine).
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
Pre-Romantic WritersPre-Romantic Writers
• Transitional poetry (late 18th-century).
• Intense feeling.
• Greater freedom in the choice of subjects.
• Genuine concern with the individual and
with personal experience.
The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)The Age of Romanticism (1800-1850)
• Imagination: the central force of the romantic prose /poetry of the 19th Century.
• William Blake (1757- 1827).William Blake (1757- 1827).
• Robert Burns (1759- 96).Robert Burns (1759- 96).