The Age of Modernism (Part 2)
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Transcript of The Age of Modernism (Part 2)
8/14/2019 The Age of Modernism (Part 2)
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-age-of-modernism-part-2 1/34
Xmg @ig lo BlhgrensbOr`ejnsjl Qgs`etg
MWB-016
8/14/2019 The Age of Modernism (Part 2)
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Xmg Orguhn`e Vgvlcutnle
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Xmg Orguhn`e VgvlcutnleOrguh `eh tmg Qsyjmg
• Znibueh Orguh (0=7?-0>:>). _ngee`, @ustrn`.• Oluehgr lo tmg psyjml`e`cysns.• Onrst tl b`p mub`e psyjmg
‚ Nh; sg`t lo mub`e nestnejts. ‚ Gil; `hbnenstr`tlr lo tmg Nh. Bghn`tgs fgtwgge
pltgetn`ccy hgstrujtnvg hgsnrgs `eh sljn`cegjgssntngs.
‚ Zupgrgil; blr`c blentlr lr –jlesjngejg‒.
:
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Xmg Orguhn`e VgvlcutnleZnibueh Orguh• Qnleggrgh ne ` tmgr`pgutnj bgtmlh. F`sgh le;
‚ Hrg`b `e`cysns ‚ Orgg `ssljn`tnle (splet`eglus vgrf`cnz`tnle lo
tmluimts).• Blst psyjmnj hnslrhgrs wgrg rgsucts lo sgxu`c
tr`ub`s stgbbnei orlb tmg jmnch„s uejlesjnlus`tt`jmbget tl tmg p`rget lo tmg lpplsntg sgx `eh kg`clusy lo tmg p`rget lo tmg s`bg sgx (Lghnpusjlbpcgx).
• Vgvnsnlenst m`h hgf`tgh `eh qugstnlegh tmgtmglrgtnj`c `eh bgtmlhlclinj`c eltnles lo tmgpsyjml`e`cysns.
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Xmg Orguhn`e VgvlcutnleOrguh„s Olcclwgrs
• @corgh @hcgr (0=91-0>:9). ‚ Qnleggrgh tmg ongch lo nehnvnhu`c psyjmlcliy. ‚ Jlnegh tmg tgrb –neogrnlrnty jlbpcgx‒ (gil„s
o`ncurg tl `jmngvg nts lpgr`tnle`c il`cs ne gvgry h`ycnog).
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Xmg Orguhn`e VgvlcutnleOrguh„s Olcclwgrs
• J`rc Iust`v Kuei (0=97-0>?0). ‚ Jlccgjtnvg uejlesjnlus; pgrsle`c, uejlesjnlus cnog
lo tmg nehnvnhu`c rgstgh le ` hggpgr `eh blrguenvgrs`c c`ygr lo tmg mub`e psyjmg.
‚ @rjmgtypgs; rgocgjt tmg hggp psyjmnj eggh lo mub`edneh `s spgjngs (nemgrntgh jletgets lo tmgmub`e dneh).
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Xmg Orguhn`e VgvlcutnleOrguh„s Olcclwgrs
• J`rc Iust`v Kuei (0=97-0>?0).
Ym`t ns `e rjmgtypg<
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Xmg Orguhn`e VgvlcutnleOrguh„s Olcclwgrs
• J`rc Iust`v Kuei (0=97-0>?0).• Ym`t ns `e `rjmgtypg<
‚ @e nemgrntgh nhg` lr blhg lo tmluimt ne tmgpsyjmlcliy lo J. I. Kuei tm`t ns hgrnvgh orlb tmggxpgrngejg lo tmg r`jg `eh ns prgsget ne tmguejlesjnlus lo tmg nehnvnhu`c.
Zlurjg; @rjmgtypg. (6106) Bgrrn`b-Ygfstgr. Vgtrngvgh orlb; www.b-w.jlb
=
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Xmg Orguhn`e VgvlcutnleXmg Enimtb`rg Vg`cnty lo D`od`
• Or`ez D`od` (0==:-0>68).• Elvgcnst wml hg`cs wntm tmg irltgsqug, tmg
enimtb`rnsm wlrchs, `eh ` b`ne jm`r`jtgrnesgjurntngs `eh vucegr`fncntngs wml fgj`bgvnjtnb lo tmg uedelwe.
>
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Xmg Orguhn`e Vgvlcutnle
Gxprgssnlensb• Gx`bneg neegr jleocnjts
`eh rgprgssgh hgsnrgslo tmgnr jm`r`jtgrs.
• Ghv`rh Buejm (0=>:),Xmg Zjrg`b.
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Xmg Orguhn`e VgvlcutnleXmg H`h` Blvgbget• Frldg wntm tr`hntnle `eh jm`ccgeig tmg vgry
e`turg lo `rt. Oluehgh ne Zwntzgrc`eh (0>0?) `irlup lo p`netgrs `eh plgts wml wntegssghtmg mlrrlrs lo Y`r, sprg`h tmg ilspgc lo nrr`tnle`cnty.
•
Qrlhujt lo jm`ejg, `jjnhget, lr lutr`iglusfgm`vnlr.
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Xmg Orguhn`e Vgvlcutnle
Xmg H`h` Blvgbget• B`rjgc Hujm`bp (0==9-
0>?=). ‚ CMLLP, 0>0>
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Xmg Orguhn`e Vgvlcutnle
Xmg H`h` Blvgbget• B`rjgc Hujm`bp (0==9-
0>?=). ‚ Oluet ne, 0>09
0:
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Xmg Orguhn`e Vgvlcutnle
H`h` `eh Zurrg`cnst Oncb• Cuns Fuðugc, We pgrrl `eh`cuz• mttp;//www.mnstlrn`pgs`etg.neol/610:/1:/fueugc-y-su-pgrrl-
`eh`cuz.mtbc
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt• 61 tm Jgetury; tmg fcllhngst ne wlrch mnstlry.
Xmg hns`stgrs wgrg pgrpgtr`tgh le mub`efgnei fy mub`e fgneis.
• Xmg Irg`t Y`r (0>08) `eh tmg Ylrch Y`r NN(0>:>), wgrg tmg onrst tlt`c w`rs ne Gurlpg`emnstlry. Nt nevlcvgh ltmgr e`tnles `eh dnccghc`rig eubfgrs lo jnvncn`es.
‚ @cc bgtmlhs lo hgstrujtnle wgrg utncnzgh ne tmge`bg lo jlequgst.
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rtXmg Irg`t Y`r (0>08)• Yg`ples lo `hv`ejgh tgjmelcliy wgrg
nbpgrsle`c `eh blrg hgv`st`tnei tm`t prgvnlusw`rs;
•
B`jmneg iue (j`usg =1% lo tmg j`su`ctngs)• Mg`vy rtnccgry• M`eh irge`hgs• Qlnsle i`s• Oc`bg tmrlwgr•
@rblrgh t`eds• Zufb`rnegs• Hnrninfcgs (`nrsmnps)• @nrpc`egs
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
Xmg Irg`t Y`r (0>08)• Jlst lo olur yg`rs lo w`r w`s `pprlxnb`tgcy
$:71 fnccnle `eh = bnccnle (lut lo 91 bnccnle)
slchngrs hngh.• Olr Ylrch Y`r NN tmg jlst trnpcgh `eh
j`su`ctngs `blei tmg `ccngh olrjgs rlsg lvgr 0=
bnccnle pglpcg.
0=
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt• E`tnle`cnsb `eh nehustrn`cnsb o`jncnt`tgh tmg
bncnt`ry jlbpgtntnle olr jlclengs tmrluim tmgwlrch (sgg Jm`ptgr :1).
•
@ustrn`-Muei`ry `eh Igrb`ey. ‚ Xmg burhgr lo @rjmhudg Or`ejns Ogrhne`eh (mgnr tltmg tmrleg lo @ustrn`-Muei ry ‚ Kueg 0>08), cgh tltmg hgjc`r`tnle lo w`r le Zgrfn` (`e lpplrtuentytl tgrrntlrn`c gxp`esnle). Xligtmgr wntm tmgLttlb`e Gbpnrg (Jgetr`c Qlwgr) tmgy o`jg tmglpplsntnle lo tmg @ccngh olrjgs (Zgrfn`, Fgcinub,Or`ejg, Irg`t Frnt`ne, `eh Vussn`).
0>
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt• –Zn vns p`jg, p`r` fgccub ‒ (no ylu w`et pg`jg,
prgp`rg olr w`r).• Onrst F`ttcg lo B`reg (Zgptgbfgr 0>08).
‚
Xrgejmgs tm`t strgtjmgh 711 bncgs orlb tmgGeicnsm Jm`eegc tl Zwnss flrhgr.• @otgr tmg Igrb`e sufb`rnegs sned ue`rbgh
p`ssgeigr smnps ne 0>09, Yllhrlw Yncsle
lptgh tl supplrt tmg @ccngs.• Ne Elvgbfgr 0>0= tmg onimtnei gehgh wntm `e
`rbnstnjg
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
Xmg Vussn`e Vgvlcutnle• Vussn`, tmg cg`st `eh c`st nehustrn`cnzgh Gurlpg`e
plwgr, getgrgh tmg Irg`t Y`r uehgr tmgcg`hgrsmnp lo Xz`r Enjmlc`s NN (0=?=-0>0=).
‚ Irg`t hg`tm tlcc (`pprlx. 0 bnccnle) `eh slchngrhgsgrtnles
‚ Ilvgrebget jlrruptnle ‚ Egjgss`ry `ir`rn`e gjlelby rgolrb`tnle ‚ Ollh `eh ougc smlrt`igs
• Xrnubpm lo tmg 0>09 Vgvlcutnle olrjg tmg Xz`r tl`fhnj`tg.
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rtXmg Vussn`e Vgvlcutnle
• Flcsmgvnds uehgr _c`hnbnr Ncyjm Cgene (0=91-0>68) t dglvgr
‚ Hnjt`tlrsmnp lo tmg prlcgt`rn`t ‚ Zt`tg `s tmg lri`e lo jc`ss hlbne`tnle ‚ Onrst pm`sg lo jlbbuensb; sljn`cnsb
• Qrnv`tg prlpgrty fgj`bg jlbble (wmlcg sljngty) prlpgrty, `swgcc s tmg jlbble bg`es lo prlhujtnle eh hnstrnfutnle.
‚ Zgjleh pm`sg; tmg st`tg wluch hns`ppg`r ‚ Jlestntuget @ssgbfcy w`s hnsslcvgh `eh sufstntutgh fy `
Qlcntfurl ‚ Vussn` fgj`bg tmg Wenle lo Zlvngt Zljn`cnst Vgpufcnjs
(W.Z.Z.V., 0>66)6:
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
Xmg Irg`t Hgprgssnle `eh tmg @bgrnj`e Zjgeg• @otgr tmg Irg`t Y`r Gurlpg w`s hgv`st`tgh (clss
lo nehustrn`c prlhujtnle, irg`t uegbpclybget)• W.Z. fgj`bg ` irg`t jrghntlr.
‚ Irg`t Hgprgssnle 0>6>.• Zljn`c rg`cnsb;
‚ Klme Ztgnefgjd (0>:>) Xmg Ir`pgs lo Yr`tm. Xmg stlry
rgjluets tmg lhyssgy lo tmg Kl`h o`bncy lo Ldc`mlb``eh tmgnr bnir`tnle tl J`cnolren` ne sg`rjm olr ` cnvnei.Xmgrg tmgy o`jg st`rv tnle, nekustnjg `eh gvnc.
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
Xmg Irg`t Hgprgssnle `eh tmg @bgrnj`e Zjgeg• Hljubget`ry pmltlir pmy; W.Z. oghgr`c
ilvgrebget `igejngs prlvnhgh prlir`bs olr
tmg pmltlir`pmnj`c hljubget`tnle lo tmggjlelbnj `eh sljn`c jlehntnles lo tmg Irg`tHgprgssnle. Hlrltmg` C`eig (0=>7-0>?7) w`sleg lo tmg pmltlir`pmgrs wml hljubgetgh
tmg bnir`tnle orlb tmg Bnhwgstgre Hust Flwctl J`cnolren`
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
Xmg Irg`t Hgprgssnle `eh tmg @bgrnj`e Zjgeg• Hljubget`ry pmltlir`pmy; Hlrltmg` C`eig
(0=>7-0>?7)
6?
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
69
Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb `eh Ylrch Y`r NN• Igrb`ey„s pg`jg tgrb• Bluetnei hgft `eh uegbpclybget• @hlco Mntcgr (0>::), Igrb`ey„s jm`ejgcclr• Qrlp`i eh` & Zj`pgil`ts;
• Kgws• B`rxnsts•
Fluriglns cnfgr`cs• Zljn`c hgvn`tgs
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
6=
Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb `eh Ylrch Y`r NN• Qlcntnj`c `eh gjlelbnj rgolrbs tl rgfunch tmg
Igrb`e gbpnrg (Xmnrh Vgnjm)• Irlwtm lo e`tnle`cnsb `eh bncnt`rnsb• O`ncurg lo tmg pg`jg sgttcgbget• Nev`snle lo Qlc`eh (0>:>)• Lutfrg`d lo Zgjleh Ylrch Y`r
• @xns Qlwgr; Igrb`ey, Nt`cy, Fuci`rn`, `eh Muei`ry
(klnegh c`tgr fy K`p`e, Nt`cy `eh Zp`ne)• @ccngh Olrjgs; Or`ejg & Frnt`ne (0>80, Wentgh Zt`tgs
`eh WZZV)
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
6>
Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb `eh Ylrch Y`r NN• Gvgets;
• Or`ejg o`cc (0>81)•
Qg`rc M`rflr (0>80)• F`ttcg lo Zt`cneir`h (0>86)• H-H`y (0>87)• Mnrlsmnb` `eh E`i`s`dn (0>87)
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
• Cgg Bnccgr; Onrst ogb`cgw`rtnbgpmltlklure`cnst. Mgcpgh
wntegss tmg mlrrlr lo Igrb`e jlejgetr`tnlej`bps
•
Cgg Bnccgr, Fujmgew`ch jlejgetr tnle j`bp, 0>87 (©Dgrry Egi`mf`e, Vgprlhujtnle Vnimts Egiltn tlr , CggBnccgr @rjmnvgs, Vlc eh Qgerlsg Gst tg & Xmg QgerlsgJlccgjtnle, O rcgy O rb Mlusg , Buhhcgs Irgge ,Jmnhhneicy , G st Zussgx)
:1
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
• Cgg Bnccgr; Onrst ogb`cgw`rtnbgpmltlklure`cnst. Mgcpgh
wntegss tmg mlrrlr lo Igrb`e jlejgetr`tnlej`bps
•
Cgg Bnccgr. Fujmgew`ch Jlejgetr`tnle J`bp (0>87)
:0
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
• Vlfgrt J`p`; elt`fcg pnjturgs lo w`rtnbg mlrrlr.:6
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Xlt`c Y`r, Xlt`cnt`rn`ensb, `eh tmg @rt
• Mgern J`rtngr-Frgssle; sljn`c rg`cnst pmltlir`pms.
::
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Vgogrgejgs;• Ongrl, I. D. (6100). Xmg mub`enstnj tr`hntnle,
Flld 7 & ?; Xmg Gurlpg`e rge`nss`ejg, tmgVgolrb`tnle, `eh tmg iclf`c gejluetgr (?tm.Gh). Egw ^lrd, E^; BjIr`w Mncc.
• Zmgrb`e, H & Z`cnsfury, K. (611=).Jnvncnz`jnlegs hg ljjnhgetg. _lc NN hgshg 0?11 .Bîxnjl; BjIr`w Mncc.
:8
