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African Biodiversity Challenge
The African Biodiversity Challenge Unlocking data for sustainable development
Matthew Child1, Fatima Parker-Allie1, Jeffrey Manuel1 1South African National Biodiversity Institute
African Biodiversity Challenge
Where do we want to go?
Identify priority group
Data capture
Data publishing
Data use (spatial planning)
Knowledge generation (CBA maps)
Policy making
Digitize
Conservation action
Intervention Monitoring
(Provides adaptive link)
Mobilisation (FBIP / BIMFs)
Mainstreaming (BPF, NBA, CBAs, KBAs, NEMBA, LUP)
African Biodiversity Challenge
And sustainability….
∞ ∞
The entry points for creating effective networks
African Biodiversity Challenge
Costello et al. 2013
Supply: relevance
Are researchers the main beneficiaries? Signal to noise problem.
Living Planet Index 2016
African Biodiversity Challenge
0
2000000
4000000
6000000
8000000
10000000
12000000
14000000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Cu
mu
lati
ve r
eco
rd t
ally
Africa publishing African data
Other regions publishing African data
Supply: volume
Africa: 3.7%
49% published by African institutions
South Africa: 97% of African data
Rest of Africa: 0.05% of African data
African Biodiversity Challenge
Supply: consistency
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Nu
mb
er o
f re
cord
s p
ub
lish
ed /
yea
r
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cameroon
Congo, the Democratic Republic of the
Ghana
Madagascar
Mauritania
Morocco
Tanzania, United Republic of
Togo
Discontinuous publishing = no momentum. Pattern may indicate disconnected networks.
Publishing spurts may correlate with: • Funding surges. • Incidental projects (e.g.
BioGaps). • When we get round to it…
African Biodiversity Challenge
0
1000000
2000000
3000000
4000000
5000000
6000000
7000000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Nu
mb
er o
f re
cord
s p
ub
lish
ed
/ y
ear
Supply: consistency (through culture)
Key indicator: consistent annual publishing Need consistent publishing to maintain supply pressure and increase probability of incorporation by end users.
Stream of new field data feeding into BIF
African Biodiversity Challenge
Demand: connecting prey (data) to predator (end user)
• But how many of these were policy-makers? • In ABC, only 20% of applicants identified a
relevant policy vehicle for their target datasets.
• Key indicator: we need to see increased citations of mobilised data in NBSAPs and cross-sectoral policies to measure increasing demand pull.
Photo credit: Merlin Tuttle
In Africa: • 2016: > 26 billion records were downloaded. • 2013-2016: no. users increased from 112-1,762.
African Biodiversity Challenge
How will the African Biodiversity Challenge develop effective networks?
$30,000 (country 1)
$20,000 (country 2)
$10,000 (country 3)
(volume and quality, info products)
(end user involvement and incorporation)
(MoUs between data holders / end users)
Supply
Demand
Sustainability Po
ints
aw
ard
ed
Project Teams
COMPETE!
“Data exist, but information is scarce.” Dr. Admassu Tsegaye and Dr. Abebe Getahun, University of Addis Ababa
The evolution of biodiversity informatics: from silo to
self-organisation to self-sustaining
Linking spin-off
projects to community of funders
African Biodiversity Challenge
From silo to self-organisation
Selected countries that could: • Built a consortium of
partners across the value chain.
• Demonstrated policy-relevance of data.
African Biodiversity Challenge
From self-organisation to self-sustaining Goal: to create a community of funders to support the community of practice.
…the aim of increasing the amount of biodiversity information available…
…. to ensure biodiversity is taken into account in decision making across government sectors by improving development decision makers’ access to and use of biodiversity information….
To increase the capacity of the institutions and people who collect, manage, and disseminate biodiversity data and information and to connect this knowledge to …. policymakers, conservationists, investors, and the public ….
Fun
din
g pro
gramm
es N
etwo
rk
Complementary aims but no current strategic cooperation.
Data mobilisation (%) Information product development (%) Capacity building (%) Mainstreaming (%)
BID (N= 20) 90 30 65 25
JRS (N=12) 50 50 67 42
UNEP-WCMC (N=3) 100 100 100 100
Working in silos risks:
1. Reinventing wheel. 2. Encouraging unproductive competition. 3. Thus, impact of the funding might
dissipate as the projects are widely distributed in time and space.
African Biodiversity Challenge
Goal: Where funding programmes overlap in a country, we should interlink to allow a logical progression of skills and outputs across the value chain.
Sustainability: scaffold approach
Years
Rec
ord
s m
ob
ilise
d /
yea
r
0 10
Digitise insect museum collections Data management and infrastructure (IPT) skills BIF development (begin governmental engagement)
Odonata field surveys Information product / network building skills Indicators, spatial layers, RL assessments
Political economy analysis – entry points Target specific policies Stakeholder engagement and advocacy skills Contract government agencies
GEF Safe space: • Capacity continuity,
complementarity and critical mass.
• Stable environment for vision and network self-organisation.
• Resource and time efficiency. • Complete datasets mobilised
= increased value proposition for government.
African Biodiversity Challenge
Sustainability: sealing the loop
Years
Rec
ord
s m
ob
ilise
d /
yea
r
0 10
GEF
Monitoring data
Baseline data
Supply of baseline data and receiver of monitoring data.
Reporting
Incorporate the impact data into national reporting and policies, creating a virtuous cycle.
Conservation intervention
African Biodiversity Challenge
ABC Goal: To support and sustain biodiversity informatics networks by matching a network of funders to a community of practice so that funders complement each other.
Sustainability: scaffold approach
Years
Rec
ord
s m
ob
ilise
d /
yea
r
0 10
Training 1: data management Product 1: freshwater macroinvertebrate mobilisation
Training 2: Spatial planning Product 2: FSR
Training 3: Advocacy / engagement Product 3: Revised wetland policy
JRS / GEF ? Funder matching
MBP / IUCN (complementary skills / products)
REMA
UR
African Biodiversity Challenge
Sailing into the sunset
• ABC is operationalizing the GBIF Africa and SANBI regional engagement scope of work.
• Novel funding methodology to stimulate self-organisation and long-term internalisation of workflows.
• Competition incentive to ensure policy-relevance of data – quality over quantity.
• Cooperation with other funding bodies and
projects to ensure capacity development complementarity and logical flow of information across phases.
African Biodiversity Challenge
Thank you for listening!
In this “post-truth” world of political turmoil, it is time for Africa to rise and show the world that is possible to be both prosperous and diverse.
Matthew Child Project Coordinator: Biodiversity Informatics Biodiversity Information and Planning Division [email protected] | +27 (0) 72 199 2454
African Biodiversity Challenge
How do we flip the funding model?
Gov
Other funders
GBIF
Government
Other funders
GBIF
The primary source of funding for node activities
were identified as:
GBIF and GBIF related programs (47%),
Host institutions (21%)
Governments (16%),
JRS foundation (11%) and
Mac-Arthur foundation (5%).
Most projects are funded up-front. No incentive to complete project sufficiently and momentum lost after project. ABC: prize money awarded at end of project, thus agencies must support project activities. Hope to stimulate workflow patterns as part of core mission.
African Biodiversity Challenge
Filtering for success and self-organisation
15 countries, 294 invitations, 218 institutions
13 countries, 44 applicants, 40 institutions
10 countries, 26 applicants, 9 consortia
3 countries (Rwanda, Malawi, Ghana) 3 consortia 9 institutions
Country selection index
Invitation for expressions of interest
15% success rate 10 countries, 26 applicants, 27 institutions
Asked to merge into full proposal
Final review
African Biodiversity Challenge
Sustainability: sealing the loop
Years
Rec
ord
s m
ob
ilise
d /
yea
r
0 10
GEF Impact Investors
Monitoring data
Top down: foreign investment, job creation.
Baseline data
$$$
Bottom up: supply of baseline data and monitoring data.
Reporting
Foreign investment, job creation and SDGs.
Incorporate the impact data into national reporting and policies, creating a virtuous cycle.
African Biodiversity Challenge
Connecting the dots
Joining forces with the research funding community to create conservation evidence.
WFN, NRF, University grants etc.
Research / conservation funding community
• Conservation evidence creates policy-relevant data and can be fed back into BIF.
• Con ev research projects can identify interventions that might be converted in impact investment initiatives.
• Linking research funding community and biodiversity informatics funding community might help to create a better data management culture.
• This funding community also includes those that support conservation projects through NGOs, which may harbour valuable data.
African Biodiversity Challenge
Roping in the research funding community
Years
Rec
ord
s m
ob
ilise
d /
yea
r
0 10
GEF Impact Investors
$$$
Reporting R
esea
rch
gr
ants
Mobilising data from conservation research projects: 1. Feeds back into BIF for increased reporting and
analytical power, which further strengthens business case.
2. Identifies projects and monitoring frameworks for impact investment.
Monitoring data
African Biodiversity Challenge
What is an effective and self-sustaining biodiversity informatics network?
Data holders Analysts End users
Stakeholders providing different services
Country-specific vision
Identify priority group
Data capture
Data publishing
Data use Knowledge generation
Policy making
Digitize
Integrating services as part of core mission
∞ ∞ ∞ Critical mass of capacity
Financial security as part of core mission
Institutional memory
GBIF Africa ACM
African Biodiversity Challenge
Connecting supply to demand “Data exist, but information is scarce.” Dr. Admassu Tsegaye and Dr. Abebe Getahun, University of Addis Ababa
Momentum (selection process
designed to work with countries with ‘traction’)
Participatory / transparent
(priority setting exercises eg MCDA, road maps
jointly developed)
Productivity & Efficiency
(competition format to incentivise maximum mobilisation on small
budget, risks outsourced)
Engagement and vision building
(balanced project team, stakeholders convened at
BIMF early, end users actively engaged)
Tailor-made training and incentives
(virtual helpdesk, GBIF training, synergy with other projects,
data papers, prestige)
High-quality outputs
showcased at prize-giving ceremony
Attracts further funding