The Advantages of Traditional The Advantages of Traditional and Ancient Health Practices and Ancient Health Practices

for Student Healthfor Student Health

The Wisdom of the (S)agesThe Wisdom of the (S)ages

OverviewOverview

• Yoga and breathingYoga and breathing

• RasayanasRasayanas

• MeditationMeditation

• Effects on Effects on – Student performanceStudent performance– Mental HealthMental Health– Drug UseDrug Use

Breathing Old and NewBreathing Old and New

• Diaphragm breathingDiaphragm breathing

• Uttanjaya breathing and exerciseUttanjaya breathing and exercise

Purpose of YogaPurpose of Yoga

• Stretch where energy becomes Stretch where energy becomes matter– Marma pointsmatter– Marma points

Structure of Unified Quantum Structure of Unified Quantum FieldField

Marma Points-(related to Marma Points-(related to acupuncture)acupuncture)

Structure of Unified Quantum Structure of Unified Quantum FieldField

Pulse DiagnosisPulse Diagnosis

Nutritional Insights from Nutritional Insights from MAVMAV• Nutrition Insight #1Nutrition Insight #1• TitleTitle

Nutritional Insights From Maharishi AyurvedaNutritional Insights From Maharishi Ayurveda• PublicationPublication

Journal of Applied Nutrition, Vol. 48, Nos. 1 and 2, pp. 34-41, 1996Journal of Applied Nutrition, Vol. 48, Nos. 1 and 2, pp. 34-41, 1996• SummarySummary

Major changes are needed in the health care arena to solve the current health care Major changes are needed in the health care arena to solve the current health care crisis. With the growing emphasis on prevention of disease, nutritional science can be crisis. With the growing emphasis on prevention of disease, nutritional science can be a major part of these changes. a major part of these changes. However, a new paradigm is needed to address However, a new paradigm is needed to address individual metabolic differences and seasonal variations in dietary needs.individual metabolic differences and seasonal variations in dietary needs. Maharishi Ayurvedaa (MAV), a comprehensive system of natural health care, provides Maharishi Ayurvedaa (MAV), a comprehensive system of natural health care, provides this paradigm. MAV addresses differences in individual physiological functioning this paradigm. MAV addresses differences in individual physiological functioning (Prakriti) and imbalances in the physiology (Vikriti). (Prakriti) and imbalances in the physiology (Vikriti). MAV considers taste and MAV considers taste and quality to be central features in the classification of foods, and seasonal quality to be central features in the classification of foods, and seasonal factors as crucial in determining nutritional needs. MAV also advises use of factors as crucial in determining nutritional needs. MAV also advises use of certain herbal nutritional supplements to maintain optimum health. These certain herbal nutritional supplements to maintain optimum health. These supplements are rich in antioxidants and have been researched extensively supplements are rich in antioxidants and have been researched extensively for their health-promotion and disease-prevention properties. This new for their health-promotion and disease-prevention properties. This new paradigm may enable nutritional science to play a major role in producing a paradigm may enable nutritional science to play a major role in producing a renewed, healthy society.renewed, healthy society.

• http://www.mapi.com/en/1-800-255-http://www.mapi.com/en/1-800-255-8332/products/allerdefense.html8332/products/allerdefense.html

Neurophysiology and Neurophysiology and Intelligence Study #1Intelligence Study #1• Neurophysiology and Intelligence Study #1Neurophysiology and Intelligence Study #1• TitleTitle

The Effect of the Maharishi Student Rasayana Food Supplement on Non-Verbal The Effect of the Maharishi Student Rasayana Food Supplement on Non-Verbal IntelligenceIntelligence

PublicationPublicationPersonality and Individual Differences, Vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 599-602, 1993.Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 599-602, 1993.

SummarySummaryResearch shows that IQ is a strong predictor of student academic performance. Research shows that IQ is a strong predictor of student academic performance. Previous studies have found that increasing the intake of vitamins and minerals Previous studies have found that increasing the intake of vitamins and minerals improves non-verbal intelligence. The purpose of this study was to measure the improves non-verbal intelligence. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of an herbal food supplement, Maharishi Ayurvedaa Student Rasayana (MA-effect of an herbal food supplement, Maharishi Ayurvedaa Student Rasayana (MA-SR), on non-verbal intelligence. SR), on non-verbal intelligence.

• The 5-month study consisted of 34 third-grade students who were The 5-month study consisted of 34 third-grade students who were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a placebo group. randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a placebo group. The MA-SR group exhibited a 9.83 point increase in IQ compared to 4.88 The MA-SR group exhibited a 9.83 point increase in IQ compared to 4.88 points for the placebo group.points for the placebo group.

• Analysis of the data indicated that a significant proportion of students in the MA-SR Analysis of the data indicated that a significant proportion of students in the MA-SR group (78%) compared to that of the placebo group (50%) showed an group (78%) compared to that of the placebo group (50%) showed an improvement in IQ which exceeded that of the test-retest effect. Additional improvement in IQ which exceeded that of the test-retest effect. Additional statistical analysis further indicated that taking MA-SR improves IQ.statistical analysis further indicated that taking MA-SR improves IQ.

Neurophysiology and Neurophysiology and Intelligence Study #2Intelligence Study #2

• Neurophysiology and Intelligence Study #2Neurophysiology and Intelligence Study #2• TitleTitle

Effect of Herbal Mixture Student Rasayana on Lipoxygenase Activity and Lipid PeroxidationEffect of Herbal Mixture Student Rasayana on Lipoxygenase Activity and Lipid Peroxidation

PublicationPublicationFree Radical Biology and Medicine, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 687-697, 1995.Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 687-697, 1995.

SummarySummaryThere is evidence that suggests a relationship among free radicals, brain injury, There is evidence that suggests a relationship among free radicals, brain injury, and brain functionalityand brain functionality. The scavenging of free radicals as a possible mechanism for the . The scavenging of free radicals as a possible mechanism for the improvement in intelligence by Student Rasayana (SR) was explored in this study on the improvement in intelligence by Student Rasayana (SR) was explored in this study on the effect of SR on lipid peroxidation and lipoxygenase activity. SR inhibited enzymatic- and effect of SR on lipid peroxidation and lipoxygenase activity. SR inhibited enzymatic- and nonenzymatic-induced rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation in a concentration-nonenzymatic-induced rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner (p<0.05). SR also inhibited soyabean lipoxygenase-induced LDL dependent manner (p<0.05). SR also inhibited soyabean lipoxygenase-induced LDL oxidation in vitro (p<0.05). In vivo, SR inhibited toluene-induced rat brain microsomal lipid oxidation in vitro (p<0.05). In vivo, SR inhibited toluene-induced rat brain microsomal lipid peroxidation (p<0.05). peroxidation (p<0.05).

• An interesting finding in this study is that an alcoholic extract of SR increased in vitro a An interesting finding in this study is that an alcoholic extract of SR increased in vitro a metabolite of arachidonic acid which enhances long-term potentiation, a process metabolite of arachidonic acid which enhances long-term potentiation, a process associated with learning. associated with learning.

• Thus, SR may protect brain functions and increase intelligence through Thus, SR may protect brain functions and increase intelligence through scavenging of free radicals and/or increasing certain metabolites of arachidonic scavenging of free radicals and/or increasing certain metabolites of arachidonic acid.acid.

The Power of Amrit KalashThe Power of Amrit Kalash• Physiological Effects Study #2Physiological Effects Study #2• TitleTitle

Subjective Survey, Blood Chemistry and Complete Blood Profile of Subjects Taking Maharishi Amrit Subjective Survey, Blood Chemistry and Complete Blood Profile of Subjects Taking Maharishi Amrit Kalash (MAK)Kalash (MAK)

• PublicationPublicationFederation of the American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal, Vol. 5, No. 5, p. A1317, Federation of the American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal, Vol. 5, No. 5, p. A1317, 1991 (Abstract).1991 (Abstract).

• SummarySummaryPsychophysiological changes are reported in subjects regularly taking Psychophysiological changes are reported in subjects regularly taking MAK (MAPI, Inc., Lancaster, MA), an herbal food supplement MAK (MAPI, Inc., Lancaster, MA), an herbal food supplement demonstrating antineoplastic, antioxidant and anti-aging activities in demonstrating antineoplastic, antioxidant and anti-aging activities in animal and in in-vitro studies.animal and in in-vitro studies. Six hundred fifty-nine subjects (age 41+9, Six hundred fifty-nine subjects (age 41+9, taking MAK 22+11 mos) reported substantial benefits in 19 taking MAK 22+11 mos) reported substantial benefits in 19 psychophysiological indices, e.g., increased resistance to illness 87%; psychophysiological indices, e.g., increased resistance to illness 87%; happiness 84%; energy 78%; tranquility 83%; mental clarity and emotional happiness 84%; energy 78%; tranquility 83%; mental clarity and emotional balance 80%.balance 80%. Remaining subjects noted no change or condition worsened, < 1%. Remaining subjects noted no change or condition worsened, < 1%. A A substantial percentage of previous sufferers (46 on medical treatment) substantial percentage of previous sufferers (46 on medical treatment) reported benefits on 21 illnesses, e.g. colds 94% improved or eliminated, reported benefits on 21 illnesses, e.g. colds 94% improved or eliminated, n=209; PMS 84%, 120; constipation 87%, 245; hay fever 81%, 118; n=209; PMS 84%, 120; constipation 87%, 245; hay fever 81%, 118; headaches 78%, 148; fatigue 88%, 249; asthma 82%, 28; cancer 90%, 10; headaches 78%, 148; fatigue 88%, 249; asthma 82%, 28; cancer 90%, 10; rheumatoid arthritis 73%, 22; autoimmunity 100%, 10. Only 3% (n=22)rheumatoid arthritis 73%, 22; autoimmunity 100%, 10. Only 3% (n=22) reported minor complaints, e.g. bad taste; sugar rush; upset stomach; and reported minor complaints, e.g. bad taste; sugar rush; upset stomach; and diarrheadiarrhea.. Blood chemistry (24 values) and complete blood profile in 82 separate volunteers showed no Blood chemistry (24 values) and complete blood profile in 82 separate volunteers showed no abnormal findings associated with MAK intake. Substantial benefits indicate that MAK may be valuable as a abnormal findings associated with MAK intake. Substantial benefits indicate that MAK may be valuable as a preventive agent, a therapeutic adjunct and a safe candidate for clinical trials.preventive agent, a therapeutic adjunct and a safe candidate for clinical trials.

Correlates w/EEG CoherenceCorrelates w/EEG Coherence

Understanding Coherent Understanding Coherent StatesStates

• Laser lightLaser light

• SuperconductivitySuperconductivity

• SuperfluiditySuperfluidity

• Human as physical systemHuman as physical system

Breath Suspension During the Breath Suspension During the TM Technique (paper 205)TM Technique (paper 205)

• Psychosomatic Medicine, vol 44, no.2 Psychosomatic Medicine, vol 44, no.2 (May 1982), pp 133-154(May 1982), pp 133-154..

• Periods of breath suspension during Periods of breath suspension during TM associated withTM associated with– Low metabolic rateLow metabolic rate– Reduced heart rateReduced heart rate– Increased autonomic stabilityIncreased autonomic stability– Increased EEG CoherenceIncreased EEG Coherence

EEG Phase Coherence, Pure Consciousness, EEG Phase Coherence, Pure Consciousness, Creativity and TM-Sidhi ExperiencesCreativity and TM-Sidhi Experiences

• Papers 210 and 211—increase in theta and alpha Papers 210 and 211—increase in theta and alpha coherence between hemispheres and in the frontal and coherence between hemispheres and in the frontal and central areas of the braincentral areas of the brain

• Paper 392—Number of months practicing TM-Sidhis and Paper 392—Number of months practicing TM-Sidhis and clarity of experience associated with higher creativity and clarity of experience associated with higher creativity and intelligenceintelligence– Journal of Creative Behavior, 1985, 19(4), pp270-275 Journal of Creative Behavior, 1985, 19(4), pp270-275

• Paper Paper 260—Creative Thinking and the TM Technique; 260—Creative Thinking and the TM Technique; The Journal of Creative Behavior, vol. 13, no. 3, 1979The Journal of Creative Behavior, vol. 13, no. 3, 1979– Improved creativity as measured by figural flexibility and Improved creativity as measured by figural flexibility and

originality, and verbal fluencyoriginality, and verbal fluency• Paper 216 and Paper 216 and International Journal of Neuroscience, International Journal of Neuroscience,

vol. 13, 1981, pp.211-217vol. 13, 1981, pp.211-217– Subjects practicing TM and TM-Sidhis had higher EEG alpha Subjects practicing TM and TM-Sidhis had higher EEG alpha

coherence and higher creativitycoherence and higher creativity

Kohlbergian Cosmic PerspectiveResponses, Kohlbergian Cosmic PerspectiveResponses, EEG Coherence, and the TM and TM Sidhi EEG Coherence, and the TM and TM Sidhi ProgramProgram

• Paper 223; Paper 223; Journal of Moral Journal of Moral Education, 1983Education, 1983

• High frontal alpha EEG High frontal alpha EEG coherence was associated with a coherence was associated with a more unified perspective of life, more unified perspective of life, Kohlberg Stage 7Kohlberg Stage 7

EEG Coherence and Academic EEG Coherence and Academic PerformancePerformance

• EEG Coherence and Concept EEG Coherence and Concept LearningLearning– Paper # 219; International J of Paper # 219; International J of

Neuroscience, vol.15, 1981, pp. 151-157Neuroscience, vol.15, 1981, pp. 151-157

• EEG Coherence and Academic EEG Coherence and Academic PerformancePerformance– Paper # 230; Society for Neuroscience Paper # 230; Society for Neuroscience

Abstracts, vol.8, 1982, P. 537Abstracts, vol.8, 1982, P. 537

Intelligence, Learning and Intelligence, Learning and Academic PerformanceAcademic Performance• Papers 381-397 highlightsPapers 381-397 highlights• Quiet alertness in newbornsQuiet alertness in newborns• Cognitive development in 4 yr oldsCognitive development in 4 yr olds• Field independenceField independence• Undergraduates practicing technique improved significantly Undergraduates practicing technique improved significantly

on cognitive ability and intelligenceon cognitive ability and intelligence– Perceptual and Motor Skills, vol 62, 1986, pp. 731-738Perceptual and Motor Skills, vol 62, 1986, pp. 731-738

• Academic achievement scholasticallyAcademic achievement scholastically– Longer practice technique the higher the level of academic Longer practice technique the higher the level of academic

achievement and intelligenceachievement and intelligence• Post-graduates students show better academic Post-graduates students show better academic

performance than controls after six months in Industrial performance than controls after six months in Industrial Engineering and Production ManagementEngineering and Production Management– British J of Educational Psychology, vol. 55, 1985, pp. 164-166British J of Educational Psychology, vol. 55, 1985, pp. 164-166

Students practicing technique Students practicing technique as part of curriculumas part of curriculum

• Increased autonomy, creativity, Increased autonomy, creativity, spirituality, well-being and spirituality, well-being and integration vs controls (double blind integration vs controls (double blind study)study)

• Paper 395, Modern Science and Paper 395, Modern Science and Vedic Science, vol.1, no.4, 1987, Vedic Science, vol.1, no.4, 1987, pp.471-487pp.471-487

Improvement of Intelligence, Improvement of Intelligence, Learning Ability and Moral Learning Ability and Moral Judgment through TMJudgment through TM• Improvements came in 4 month Improvements came in 4 month

period vs controls in high school period vs controls in high school studentsstudents– Paper 265; Proceedings of the Second Paper 265; Proceedings of the Second

Asian Workshop on Child and Adolescent Asian Workshop on Child and Adolescent Development, Feb 15-24, 1982Development, Feb 15-24, 1982

Influence of TM on a Measure Influence of TM on a Measure of Self-Actualizationof Self-Actualization

• Paper 64; Paper 64; Journal of Counseling Journal of Counseling Psychology, vol. 19, 1972, pp. Psychology, vol. 19, 1972, pp. 184-187184-187

• Demonstrate increase self-Demonstrate increase self-actualizationactualization

The TM Program in the College Curriculum: a The TM Program in the College Curriculum: a 4-year longitudinal study of effects on 4-year longitudinal study of effects on cognitive and affective functioningcognitive and affective functioning

• Paper 261; Paper 261; College Student College Student Journal, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 140-Journal, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 140-146146

• Increases in intelligence, self-Increases in intelligence, self-confidence, sociability, confidence, sociability, psychological health and social psychological health and social maturity were found in students maturity were found in students practicing TM at MIUpracticing TM at MIU

Meditation and MarijuanaMeditation and Marijuana

• Paper 82; Paper 82; American Journal of American Journal of Psychiatry, vol 131, 1974, pp. Psychiatry, vol 131, 1974, pp. 60-6360-63

• Marijuana use declined in people Marijuana use declined in people practicing TM; the amount of practicing TM; the amount of decline associated with the decline associated with the amount of time practicingamount of time practicing

Meditation and the Prevention Meditation and the Prevention of Alcohol Abuseof Alcohol Abuse

• Paper 83; Paper 83; American Journal of American Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 132, 1975, pp. Psychiatry, vol. 132, 1975, pp. 942-945942-945

• People practicing TM showed People practicing TM showed significant decreases in alcohol significant decreases in alcohol consumption as compared with consumption as compared with matched controlsmatched controls

TM vs. PR and Cog-Beh on EEG TM vs. PR and Cog-Beh on EEG Coherence, stress reactivity Coherence, stress reactivity and self-concept in AA College and self-concept in AA College Students Students • TM and PR showed significant TM and PR showed significant

increase in MH and decrease in increase in MH and decrease in anxiety w/TM showing a greater anxiety w/TM showing a greater reduction in neuroticism than PR; TM reduction in neuroticism than PR; TM greater EEG Coherencegreater EEG Coherence– NIH Grant; paper 370; International J of NIH Grant; paper 370; International J of

Neuroscience, vol 46, pp. 77-86Neuroscience, vol 46, pp. 77-86

Managing Hypertension w/out Managing Hypertension w/out DrugsDrugs• Transcendental Meditation® Program Study # 2Transcendental Meditation® Program Study # 2• TitleTitle

Cost-Effective Hypertension Management: Comparison of Drug Therapies With an Alternative ProgramCost-Effective Hypertension Management: Comparison of Drug Therapies With an Alternative Program• PublicationPublication

The American Journal of Managed Care, Vol. 2, pp. 427-437, 1996The American Journal of Managed Care, Vol. 2, pp. 427-437, 1996..• Conducted atConducted at

**Institute of Science, Technology and Public Policy, and**Institute of Science, Technology and Public Policy, and**Center for Health and Aging Studies, Department of Physiological and Biological Sciences, and**Center for Health and Aging Studies, Department of Physiological and Biological Sciences, andDepartment of Management, and Departments of Chemistry and Physiology, Maharishi University of Management, Department of Management, and Departments of Chemistry and Physiology, Maharishi University of Management, Fairfield, IAFairfield, IA

SummarySummaryThe competitive nature of managed care organizations demands that providers seek cost-effective ways to maintain The competitive nature of managed care organizations demands that providers seek cost-effective ways to maintain the health of their clients. the health of their clients. As an approach to reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, As an approach to reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, antihypertensive medication is costly, has adverse side effects, and has questionable antihypertensive medication is costly, has adverse side effects, and has questionable value in reducing coronary heart disease.value in reducing coronary heart disease. This report evaluates a behavioral stress-reduction method as This report evaluates a behavioral stress-reduction method as an option to pharmaceutical treatment. Randomized studies indicate that the an option to pharmaceutical treatment. Randomized studies indicate that the Transcendental Meditation® (TM) technique reduces mild hypertension (the predominant Transcendental Meditation® (TM) technique reduces mild hypertension (the predominant form of hypertension) as effectively as do drug therapiesform of hypertension) as effectively as do drug therapies.. A cost-effectiveness comparison in 1996 A cost-effectiveness comparison in 1996 dollars was conducted among five standard antihypertensive medications and the TM technique over a simulated 20-dollars was conducted among five standard antihypertensive medications and the TM technique over a simulated 20-year treatment period. According to present value analysis of treatment payments, the TM technique had the lowest year treatment period. According to present value analysis of treatment payments, the TM technique had the lowest present value cost, and thus appeared to be the most attractive alternative. present value cost, and thus appeared to be the most attractive alternative. The estimated average cost of The estimated average cost of antihypertensive drug treatment ranged from $375 per year for hydrochlorothiazide to antihypertensive drug treatment ranged from $375 per year for hydrochlorothiazide to $1,051 per year for propranolol hydrochloride, whereas the estimated average cost of $1,051 per year for propranolol hydrochloride, whereas the estimated average cost of treatment with the TM technique was $286 per year. When combined with results of treatment with the TM technique was $286 per year. When combined with results of controlled trials documenting the effectiveness of the TM technique in reducing high controlled trials documenting the effectiveness of the TM technique in reducing high blood pressure, decreasing morbidity and mortality, and improving the quality of life, the blood pressure, decreasing morbidity and mortality, and improving the quality of life, the present comparison suggests that this nonpharmacologic procedure may be safely used present comparison suggests that this nonpharmacologic procedure may be safely used as a cost-effective treatment of hypertension in the managed care setting.as a cost-effective treatment of hypertension in the managed care setting.

TM vs Pseudo MeditationTM vs Pseudo Meditation

• Improvement in visual choice Improvement in visual choice reaction time better in TM than reaction time better in TM than pseudo (Benson)pseudo (Benson)– Paper 248; Perceptual and Motor Skills, Paper 248; Perceptual and Motor Skills,

1978, 46,7261978, 46,726

Khadga MalaKhadga Mala