Author Name: Suwannapho, Mathurada

Co‐Authors: Nanthasarn, Santipap; Koomsiri, Passakorn; Suksampan, Napada; Kongpon, Thanapond

Organisation: Child and Adolescent Mental Health Rajanagarindra Institute, Bangkok , Thailand

The adaptation of problem gambling and internetaddiction

questionnaires to raise awareness of problem in

Thailand

Introduction 1 Prevalence and related factors of Gambler in Thai’s youth :the national survey 2013

Mental health disorder Percent

Any minor mental disorder 22.47

Any substance usedisorder 22.01

Any drug use disorder 6.9

Intermittent explosive 3.05

Any anxietydisorder 2.64

Bipolar I or II 1.18Any depressivedisorder 0.85

Composite International Diagnosis Interview 3 (CIDI)

European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions – 5 Levels(EQ-5D-5L)

*related with QOL( no statistic significant)

Introduction 2

Gambling helpline center

Smart player clinic

Integrated community

management to anti-gambling

Program

Thailand Gambling Treatment, rehabilitation

and recovery providence project

Introduction3

develop the tool kits to screening andraise awareness of theproblems

create a services model ofgambling problem and game addiction

Phase I

Phase II select the community to try out the tool kits

Phase III

Thailand Integrated community management to anti-gambling Program

THEOBJECTIVES OFTHISSTUDYIntroduction4

1 to explore the gambling problem and internet addiction in community

to study the association of gambling problem, internet addiction

and mental health problems

to raise awareness of the problem in communities member

through answering the questionnaires and interview

2

3

N = 385 subjects N= 12subjects

Population &

samplingQuantitative

collect data by questionnaire

Qualitative

in‐depth interview to the general population,community leaders, youth and village ‐

health volunteers

quota sampling in 3 areas

Methodology

October November December

making relationships

collected data from 385 subjects

in-depth interviewto12

subjects

Clarify the purpose

and thebenefits of research

collecteddata from 385 subjects

Questionnaires

1

2

3

General information

Gambling problem assessment questionnaires

The Brief Biosocial Gambling Screen (BBGS)

Problem Gambling Severity Index(PGSI)

Mental Health Impact Survey

Stress Test Questionnaire (ST-5)

Depression and suicidal risk screening test(DS8)

Substance Use Questionnaire And Game Addiction Screening Test(GAST)

Statistics

11.2

Descriptive Statistics Quality Analysis ofQuestionnaires

Inferential Statistic

➤

➤

➤

component analysis cause and EffectAnalysis sociology Imaginary

Content Analysis

➤

➤

➤

mean : content validity of the index of item objective congruence Cronbach's alpha coefficient : problem gambling severity index (PGSI), stress test questionnaire (ST-5) & game addiction screening Test (GAST) Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20) : the brief biosocial gambling screen (BBGS) & depression and suicidal risk screeningtest (DS8)

➤ frequency and percentage :personal factors, gambling problems, awareness of gambling problems, game addiction & effect of mental health from theproblems

➤

➤

correlation : gambling problem,game addiction with effect ofmental healthcorrelation : the brief biosocialgambling screen (BBGS) andproblem gambling severityindex(PGSI).

Result 1 GENERALINFORMATIONS

0

30

20

10

13.8

3.98– 12 13– 18 19– 25 26– 59 60 and over

Age Group40

38.233.5

10.6

41.80 58.20

Result 2 THETYPEOFGAMBLINGPROBLEM

4.8

8.1

16.1

31.3

Lottery GameOnline Gambling Bet

N = 385

* No gambling 51.40

Result 3 THERELIABILITYOFQUESTIONNAIRES

Questionnaire Internal Consistency

BBGS-3 : Brief Biosocial Gambling Screen 0.49

PGSI-9 : The Problem Gambling Severity Index 0.94

ST-5 : Stress TestQuestionnaire 0.82

DS-8 : Depression and suicidal risk screeningtest 0.78

GAST-16 : Game Addiction Screening Test(GAST) 0.93

N = 385

Result 4 THESEVERITYOFPROBLEMS

0

17.5

35

52.5

Gambling Problem70

Problem Moderate Risk Low Risk Non-Problem

63.1

1313.810.1

GameAddiction

0

20

40

60

80

Problem Moderate Risk Normal

79

11.99.1

Result 5 THECORRELATIONOFQUESTIONNAIRES

** p < .001

Correlation BBGS-3 PGSI-9 GAST-16

BBGS-3: Brief Biosocial Gambling Screen -

PGSI-9: The Problem Gambling Severity Index .35** -

GAST-16 : Game Addiction ScreeningTest 00 .08 -

mean (N=385) .20 2.05 7.20

SD .52 5.32 9.76

Result 6 THECORRELATIONOFPROBLEMS

INTHEGAMBLERANDGAMER

*p<.05, ** p < .001

Correlation BBGS-3 PGSI-9 GAST-16 ST-5 DS-8(item1-6)

DS-8(item7-8) PS-2

BBGS-3: Brief Biosocial Gambling Screen -

PGSI-9: The Problem Gambling Severity Index

.17* -

GAST-16 : Game AddictionScreening Test -.07 .05 -

ST-5 : Stress TestQuestionnaire .16 .27** .65** -

DS-8 : Depression and suicidal risk screening test

.10 .18* .38** .57** -

DS-8 : Depression and suicidal risk screening test .28** .33** .09 .28** .26** -

PS-2: Phramongkutklao Hospital .04 .06 .23** .20* .03 .115 -

mean(N=142) .50 5.58 8.38 4.13 2.14 .76 .12

SD .75 7.57 4.13 3.20 1.69 1.14 .32

Result 7 THERELATION OFTHEPROBLEMS&STRESS

0

7.5

30

highest high moderate low

problem moderaterisk low risk

22.5

Gambling Problem

0

6

1815

12

highest high moderate low

problem moderate risk

24

Game addiction

THERELATIONOFTHEPROBLEMSResult 8

& DEPRESSION ANDSUICIDALRISK

Depression Risk Suicidal Risk

Problem Gambler 7.75 4.23

Moderate Risk Gambler 6.34 2.11

Low Risk 7.04 2.11

Problem Gamer 22.22 4.49

Moderate Risk Gamer 20.99 4.4

Result 9 THEAWARENESSOFGAMBLINGPROBLEM

Questionnaires Percentage

Have you felt that you might have a problem with gambling40.10

Have you felt guilty about the way you gamble or what happens when you gamble57

Has gambling caused you any health problems, including stress oranxiety35.20

Result 10 THAI ATTITUDEOFGAMBLING

Denial“ no gambling in our community”

“it’s not their problem”

Economic

“ free time but more money”

Culture

“ make a close relationship”

N=12

Result 11 THENEEDSOFTHAI PEOPLE

1

2

3

Renormalization

Prevention and protection programs

Harmful reduction

N=12

Summarize

01 02 03 04

The sample

38.2adulthood 33.5youth 13.8children

Type of problems

Lottery 31.3Game 16.1Onlinegambling 8.1

The mental health

problems

Gamers(p=0.01) have more mental health problem than gamblers (p=0.5)

Toolkits

Screening : PGSI-9 & GAST-16 (IC=0.94 ,0.93)Comorbidity : ST-5(CI=0.82)& DS-8(CI=0.78)

➤PGSI-C: Cronbach’s alpha = 0.77 (Jasmine M. Y. Loo,2010)➤South Africa : screening tools (SharpC,2012)

PGSI-9 (IOC=0.94)

Discussion 1 THESCREENING ANDRAISEAWARENESSTOOLKITS

BBG-3 (IOC=0.49)

➤Short form of PGSI must be improved in contentvalidity➤Self evaluation and confirm by PGSI ( Correlationof

Questionnaires = 0.35)

GAST-16 (IOC=0.93)

➤a screening tool for excessive gamers for Thai children & adolescent

➤Game addiction protection scale (Game-P) to assess protective factors for game addiction among Thai children and adolescents (ChanvitC,2017)

➤ half of them can perceive that they have gambling problem40.10

Discussion 2 THEGAMBLING PROBLEMANDINTERNET ADDICTION INCOMMUNITY

57 ➤more than half feel guilty about gambling or feel guilty about the consequences from it

35.20➤perceive themselves as having health

problems, stress or anxiety from gambling problem

I t p r o v e t h a tgambler recognizeg a m b l i n g a s aproblem and feelguilty because ofhuman being andre a l i z e d b y t h e pr o c e s s o fintellectual inbrain of human (T h a g o r nSitthichok, 2015:90 ‐91).

stress, depression and suicidal risk

Gambling ➤positively correlatedwithproblem

Discussion 3 THEGAMBLING PROBLEMANDINTERNET ADDICTION INCOMMUNITY

addictionGame ➤high positive relationship

with stress, depression and substance use

Benefit

Create a health service model to promote,  

prevent and treat gambler and gamer.

Raise awareness of the gambling problemand  

game addiction in communities.

Have the questionnaires to find gambling problem and  

game addiction for people and public health officer.

Bring the policy of gambling and gaming with integration of  

all in community.

The adaptation of problem gambling and internet addiction questionnaires to raise awareness of problem inThailand

Suggestion 1

Renormalization Harmful reduction

Prevention

& protection  programs

There should be a communityawareness program on the  effect of gambling problem.

The Use of the brief biosocial gambling screen (BBGS) must be  combined with a problem gambling severity index (PGSI) to  increase credibility or may be used with interview.

The research found that the gambler  was playing for money. It should solve  by giving career for long‐term solutions.

POLICYADVOCACY

Suggestion 2

Tool kits NormalizationProtective

& risk factors

The questionnaires used in

to other population groups.

To better understand the social and cultural conditions should  study to the sample population in another province to  represent Thai population.

There should also be a study of otherthis research should be applied factors that related to gambling problem

game addiction and mental healthproblems.

NEXTRESEARCH

THANK YOUdoctorjajaa@gmail.com

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