Impact of Urban Block Typology on Microclimate

Performance in Hot-Humid High-Density City

Ivan Danny Dwiputra1, Woerjantari Kartidjo.1, Haryo Winarso1

1 Institut Teknologi Bandung

ivan.danny25@gmail.com

Urban Retrofitting: Building, Cities and Communities

in The Disruptive Era

The 20th

International Conference on

Sustainable

Environment

& Architecture

Supported By:Organized By:Presenter Affiliation:

INTRODUCTION

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Changes In Urban Structure

AirTemperature

RelativeHumidity

WindSpeed

SolarRadiation

Variety of Climate Parameter Values

Increasing Intensity

• Floor Area Ration (FAR)• Building Coverage Ratio (BCR)

LITERATURE REVIEW

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MicroclimateIn general, the microclimate of an area can be defined as the interaction between several meteorological elementsin an urban area, which is solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed [4] .

Climate ProfileThe hot humid tropical climate has the main characteristics, namely high humidity up to 80%, relatively high airtemperature up to 35 °C, relatively low wind speeds between 0.5 - 1.5 m/s with dominant East and West winddirections [7].

Intensity and Urban Block

Urban structures are influenced by building intensity settings. With the same building floor area or intensityvalues, buildings with various block typologies and different building mass figures can be realized [10].

METHODS

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Study Approach

•Quantitative with the synoptic method through a case study approach.

Type of Data

• Local Climate

•Ta, Rh, V, Rad.

Data Collection

•Observation

•Proxy Weather

Data Analysis

•Distribution

•Regression

•Descriptive Making

Data Validation

• Linear regression from R2

Scenario Intensity Configuration

BCR FAR Podium Tower Courtyard

Existing 74.56% 2.2 ● ●

1 70% 5.6 ● ●

2 <40% 5.6 ●

3 70% 5.6 ● ●

4 70% 5.6 ●

5 70% 5.6 ● ●

Approach

Block Scenario

Computer Simulation by

Figure 1. (1) Study Approach; (2) Block Typhology Simulation Scenario

BCR And FAR Correlations On Microclimate Parameters

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BCR has a negative correlation with Relative Humidity

FAR has a significant correlation with Air

Temperature, as well as Rh and Solar Radiation.

Ta RH V Rad.

BCR 0.3159 0.4318 0.3947 4E-06

FAR 0.9186 0.6034 0.2002 0.6711

Correlation Matrix R2

Figure 2. Correlation of Intensity and Microclimate Parameters

Block Configuration Effect on

Microclimate Parameters

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33.87

26.19

30.42

33.24

26.29

30.10

33.24

26.21

29.98

33.13

26.44

30.09

32.96

26.38

30.04

33.16

26.71

30.18

26.00

27.00

28.00

29.00

30.00

31.00

32.00

33.00

34.00

MAX MIN AVG

TA.°

C

Existing Typology Typology 1 - Podium Tower Typology 2 - Tower

Typology 3 - Tower + Innercourt Typology 4 - Courtyard Typology 5 - Tower Slab + Innercourt

68.36

40.61

53.21

67.82

42.37

54.29

68.24

41.92

54.69

67.07

42.60

54.17

67.25

43.26

54.40

66.03

42.34

53.66

40.00

45.00

50.00

55.00

60.00

65.00

70.00

MAX MIN AVG

RH

%

Existing Typology Typology 1 - Podium Tower Typology 2 - Tower

Typology 3 - Tower + Innercourt Typology 4 - Courtyard Typology 5 - Tower Slab + Innercourt

0.69

0.60

0.66

0.58

0.500.54

0.79

0.670.73

0.53

0.450.49

0.450.39 0.42

0.55

0.470.51

0.300.350.400.450.500.550.600.650.700.750.800.85

MAX MIN AVG

M/S

Existing Typology Typology 1 - Podium Tower Typology 2 - Tower

Typology 3 - Tower + Innercourt Typology 4 - Courtyard Typology 5 - Tower Slab + Innercourt

884.59

186.21

282.39

876.04

135.65

255.41

908.82

141.81

250.73

876.94

82.99

226.34

879.31

98.74

227.39

889.61

63.73

227.38

0.00

100.00

200.00

300.00

400.00

500.00

600.00

700.00

800.00

900.00

1000.00

MAX MIN AVG

W/M

2

Existing Typology Typology 1 - Podium Tower Typology 2 - Tower

Typology 3 - Tower + Innercourt Typology 4 - Courtyard Typology 5 - Tower Slab + Innercourt

• Air Temperature

• Wind Speed

• Relative Humidity

• Solar Radiation

CONCLUSIONS

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• This study found that BCR value has a correlation with relative humidity and wind speed. If the BCR value is increased, it will reduce the relative humidity and lower wind speed. The FAR value has a correlation with air temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation.

• If the FAR value is increased, the relative humidity increases significantly and the air temperature and solar radiation decrease. The FAR value has a more significant correlation than the BCR value in the influence of the characters on microclimate parameters.

• As for the block typology, BCR affects more horizontal surfaces and FAR affects more vertical. Typology block 3 has the most optimum microclimate parameter performance with a hybrid block configuration consisting of a podium, tower, and courtyard. A closed courtyard configuration has the effect of lower air temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed than an open courtyard, but has higher relative humidity and wind speed. The tower has an effect on the wind speed around the building and creates a down dash effect towards the ground level of the tall building.

REFERENCES

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Thank You

The 20th International Conference on

Sustainable Environment & Architecture

Supported By:Organized By:Presenter Affiliation: