The 1973 Unesco Congress The Sun in The Service of Mankind: … · 2017-06-28 · Global Renewable...
Transcript of The 1973 Unesco Congress The Sun in The Service of Mankind: … · 2017-06-28 · Global Renewable...
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The 1973 Unesco Congress The Sun in The Service of Mankind:
Global Renewable Energy Implementation
to date
Paris, Unesco, 3 October 2013 Wolfgang Palz, WCRE
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The Big Bang for Renewable Energies 1973
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The Big Bang for Modern Electricity in 1800: Volta presents to Napoleon in Paris his
electrochemical battery
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The Discovery of PV in Paris 1839: Edmond Becquerel
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World’s First Demonstration of Solar Energy: Augustin Mouchot, Paris 1860s
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Background of the 1973 Unesco Congress
• Recognition of pressing Energy problems on human scale – Global change – Limits of fossil resources (Peak Oil...)
• Political concern for National Energy Independence RE are locally available everywhere
• A first UN Congress on RE in Rome in 1961 mobilised 2000 people. It motivated the French Marcel Perrot to set up the association Comples for co-operation of the Mediterranean Nations on RE
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Prof Marcel Perrot: Author of “La houille d’or (the golden coal)” Key Initiator of the 1973 Unesco Congress
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Other Protagonists of the 1973 Congress
Félix Trombe Pierre Auger
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Other Key Actors of the 1973 Congress
Michel Rodot, CNRS Pierre Vasseur, Polytechnique et CNES Jean-Pierre Girardier, Sofretes Alain Liébard, Energies pour le Monde Philippe Chartier, INRA Wolfgang Palz, CNES And hundreds of others from all over the
World: USA, Germany, Soviet Union....
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What gave the 1973 Congress its particular Importance?
A few weeks after the Congress came the first Oil Price shock
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Immediate Follow ups of the 1973 Unesco Congress in France
• Government: Jean-Claude Colli in charge • CNRS: Robert Chabbal creates PIRDES • COMES: Henri Durand first President • 1981: AFME, Philippe Chartier DG (exists
until today as ADEME)
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Activities in the US and Europe related to the 1973 Unesco Congress
• First EU R&D Programme on the RE – Proposed by the EU Commission as suggested
by France in 1974 – Adopted by the EU Council in 1975
• Major Market developments on PV and
Wind Power in the United States (President Carter, California Governor Brown)
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Nairobi 1981: UN Conference on New and Renewable Sources of Energy
• As a Result, a Programme of Action was adopted by the UN General Assembly
• But in reality, the Conference marked a preliminary halt to global interest in the RE
• A high wall had built up against the RE triggered by an euphoria on Nuclear power. Only the Chernobyl disaster gave some relief.
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1988: Here comes the Man for the SOLAR AGE
Hermann Scheer
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1993 in Paris: 20th Anniversary of the 1973 Unesco Congress
Spreading our Wings!
• Organisers: Unesco, EU, ISES, Eurosolar, ADEME, IEA, Energies pour le Monde
• Follow ups. – World Solar Programme adopted by UN General
Assembly – European Solar Council (Club de Paris)
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1997: EU Action Plan for RE by 2010 (EU 15) EU Commission Communication COM(97)599
• PV: – 1 million systems. – 3 GW accumulated in 2010 from .003 GW in 95 – Globally: 2.4 GW annual production by 2010
• Wind Power: – 40 GW accumulated from 1 GW in 95
• Bio-Power: – 32 mToe for Power Generation
• New Jobs: 500 000
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Bonn 2004: Governmental RE Conference 3000 delegates from 154 nations
• Follow ups – German Government (Schröder) initiates REN21
in Paris – German Government (Merkel) initiates IRENA
creation process
– In 2004, The European Parliament “urges the Commission and the Council to start the political process of setting RE targets of 20% implementation by 2020”. Was adopted as demanded in 2009 under French and German Council Presidency (2009/29/EC)
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The RE Achievements from 2000 to 2013
• Wind Power, PV & Bio-power Capacities – World:
• 510 GW now from 47 GW in 2000 – Europe:
• 213 GW now from 11 GW in 2000 – Germany: 75 GW now from 0 GW in 1995
• Wind Power, PV & Bio-power New Jobs – World:
• 5.7 million – Europe:
• 1.2 million (Germany 380 000) • World Bio-fuels (mainly the USA and Brazil):
– 100 bln litres from 16 bln litres in 2000
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PV Capacity Installations this Century
• World: 130 GW now from 1.4 GW in 2000
• Europe: 80 GW now from 0 GW in 2000
• Germany: 35 GW now from 0.076 GW in
2000
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Wind Power Capacity Installations from 1995
• World: 320 GW from 5 GW
• Europe: 115 GW from 1 GW
• Germany: 35 GW from 0 GW
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New Bio-power Capacities this Century
• World: 89 GW now from 29 GW
• Europe: 28 GW from <10 GW
• Germany: 6.5 GW from .5 GW
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