THE 1920s Changing culture. ESSENTAIL QUESTIONS What Social, political and economic changes occurred...
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Transcript of THE 1920s Changing culture. ESSENTAIL QUESTIONS What Social, political and economic changes occurred...
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THE 1920s
Changing culture
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ESSENTAIL QUESTIONS
• What Social, political and economic changes occurred in America in the 1920s?
• To what extent did the political and economic policies of the 1920s differ from those of the progressive era?
• How did the rapid changes of the 1920s highlight the clash between modern and traditional values?
• How did these changes both unite and divide Americans?
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MODERN ISSUES THAT DIVIDE
• Kim Kardashian• The Super Bowl• Health Care• Monsanto and the soybean• Gay Marriage• Legal ization
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Homogenization through Technology
• Film: • Radio:• Cars:• Americans had more leisure
time, and higher wages led to money spent on entertainment
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Film and Radio in the 1920s
• Created common fashion icons • Allowed for the growth in popularity of major
league sports• Allowed for a national “conversation” about
social, economic, and political events
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Changing Roles of Women
• Some women embraced the more modern ideas of the 1920s using their newly achieved right to vote to explore the possibilities of freedom and political power.
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The Vamp
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The “It Girl”
• Clara Bow known as “The It Girl”
• Women smoked, drank, and danced
• Clashed with conservative views of morality
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FLAPPERS
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Mass Production
• Henry Ford brings automobile to the masses with assembly line production
• With new assembly prices could drop low enough for workers to afford
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CONSUMERISM
• People now had money to worry about things they had never had time to worry about before
• New ideals of fashion and beauty allowed for advertising like this
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CONSUMERISM
• Movie star and sports hero culture contributed to the advent of celebrity promotion
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CONSUMERISM
• Electricity and industrial production led to the invention of time saving devices that became symbols of the middle class
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Harlem Renaissance
• Great Migration of African Americans to northern cities after WWI
• The “Jazz Age “ begins.
• Art, poetry and music transforms mainstream American culture as well as African American culture
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Langston Hughes
• What happens to a dream deferred?• Does it dry up
like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore-- And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over-- like a syrupy sweet?
• Maybe it just sags like a heavy load.
• Or does it explode?
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Music
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M9SQdSLW27Q
• Louis Armstrong and Bessie Smith
• Blues and Jazz began to make there way into mainstream “White” music and dance clubs
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CULTURAL CLASHES OF THE 1920s
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Prohibition
• Some women saw new freedoms as renewed responsibility to safeguard the morality of America and Americans
• 18th amendment made alcohol illegal
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PROHIBITION AND VIOLENT CRIME
• “I make my money from supplying a public demand. If I break the law, my customers, who number hundreds of the best people in Chicago, are as guilty as I am. The only difference between us is that I sell and they buy. Everybody calls me a racketeer. I call myself a businessman”—Al Capone
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Fundamentalism
• Scopes “monkey trial” 1925
• Teacher put on trial for teaching about evolution
• http://movieclips.com/u54X-inherit-the-wind-movie-a-plea-against-fanaticism-and-ignorance/
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NATIVISM
• Immigration act of 1921• 3% of those of a given
nationality living in the US in 1910 could immigrate
• Later Changes to 2% of those living here in 1890
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NATIVISM AND THE KKK
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Red Scare and Anti immigration
• The Sacco and Vanzetti Trial
• Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti executed
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ECONOMY
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Economics of Consumerism
• Speculation—Stock Market and Land boom• Buying on Margin—Using credit to buy stocks
you cant afford• Installment Plans---paying over time for things
you cant afford• Overproduction on farms
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Politics of prosperity
• Harding1. Appoints cronies2. Corruption leads to TEA POT DOME scandal3. Some small legislation to help farmers
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Democratic Party Splits
• North---Immigrant/Catholics• South—White supremacist protestants• Progressives---often seen as socialists
• Split leads to conservative republican victory 1924
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Return to Laissez Faire Politics
• Coolidge1. Veto McNary Haugen Bill—would have let
govt buy overproduced food and sell on world market
2. Veto Railway Labor Act---would have allowed collective bargaining rights for workers