Thaliru Nov 2012 Web

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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

1

tIcf kwm\_mekmlnXy Cnyqv{]knoIcnpIpnIfpsS amknI

2012 \hw_hne 10 cq]

Xfncv

Fsa

ebmfw\

aebmfw

tUm.sI{io-Ipam

]{ |pN-

G-gm-tcnc

maN-{


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19

12

] p hbn\v apIfnep

IpnImbp

{]knoIcWw

]{-|pN -Ggm-tcn cma-N-{

Inshbn pgbvsgIvIp\nptm sImXns]cppwsImpwIpchbpw hmfpw NnepambvsXmp]nmse XpemhjwIpfncp]pXXm hrnIapn

hfscnSpnsep \ntm.

A aIpXXvhn B kp[ojv

16

Cnyqv sNbam{-io s-I kn tP-mk^-v(_lp. kmwkvImcnI hIpp a{ n)

No^v FUnkpKX-Ipamcn

FUn CNmPv s{]m^. Xpa tXmakv

Bv, te HuvAcpW, kp\n

Ih UnsskBeo-kv No-th

s{]mUkp_n sI kp`mjv

]{Xm[n]kanXnsken. sP. F\h\oXv IrjvW Fkv

Xfncv

tIcf kwm\_mekmlnXy Cnyqv]mfbwXncph\ ]pcw 695 034

t^m0471233 3790

e-mail : [email protected],

[email protected]

tIcf kwm\_mekm-lnXy Cn-yqv{]kn-o-IcWw

1970 apX {]knoIcnpXv

www.ksicl.org

Xfncv

Ac-sf{X?tUm. hn B {]t_m-[N-{ \mb

Fs aebmfw\ aebmfwtUm. sI {ioIpam

6

Fm a\pjypw Xs`mj s]m`mj XsbmWv.kzw hnNmcfpw hnImcfpsams AtX]Sn Bhn

jvIcnm amXr`mjbvtIgnbq.

aebmfn F{X Acfpv FXns\pdnv ]epw]e A`n{]mbfmWv.

appc.........................................5kvIqtUbvvkv..........................14cmPohvFSnsFXnlyIY.............................20Imhmew

\mcmbW]WnIq pwIq-Sn-bm-hpw.................22Fkv{io\nhmkB_w...................................26tIcfKm-\w...............................28NneD- mcWNn I...............30h dntKm]n\mY]nNn{XIY.....................................32inhZmkvamasI v.............36]gsmIYI...................38]p\.cmaIrjvWIpac\q]mp]m-SnIWp]Tn-mw......40Dtajv]nalm mcXw...............................42kpKXIpamcn]pkvXI]cn-Nbw....................44P\pC-fwX-fn-cpI.........................46D|mmw..................................50


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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

4

appc

kvt\l

]q

w

{]nbs IpnItf,

Hcp \hw_ amkw IqSn ISpt]mIpp.CXpt]msemcp \hw_ amkw HmwXobXnbmWv XncpsImnbpw ae_mdpw tNvaebmfw kwkmcnphcpsS Hcp `q{]tZiwAXmbXv "tIcfw' cq]oIrXambXv. \hw_14 \p P\n \nfpsS {]nbs NmmPnbpsSBibamb "\m\mXzn GIXzw' \mw apdpsI]nSnpXpsImv ap `mjIsfbpw tZimscbpwAwKoIcnm \apv aSnbpmbnn. ]t Hp\ AdnbWw. \s Hcpannp\npXv `q{]

IrXntbm av AXncpItfm Hpa, adnv \psS`mjbmWv. aebmfw kwkmcnp aqctmSnP\fmWv Cv \psS tIcfnepXv.

]t \mw aebmfnI Fnpw \psS B sFIyss Xndbphcmbn amdnsmncnpp.\mw P\nphoWt m apX tIp `mjbmWvaebmfw. \app Nppaphscmw kwkmcnpXpwaebmfamWv. AXpsImpXs \psS amXr`mjbneqsStb \apspw ]Tnm\mhq. atXp `mjbneqsS]Tnmepw \app \psS kwkvImcw Dsmm

\mhn.aebmfns biv Dbm\mbn, \mw aebmfnI Xs Fp {]Jym]nm\mbn, aebmfnskamb kwkvImcw temIs Adnbnm\mbnHtm_ 30 apX \hw_ 1 hsc hnizaebmfatlmhw kwLSnnpIbmWv. \psS `mjbpsS,kwkvImcns DhamWnXv. aebmfnsalzw temIadnbm t]mIp Cu DhsGsd BmZtmsSbpw {]XoItfmsSbpamWv\mw ImWpXv.

\n Cu Iv hmbnptmtgpw HutZymKnIambn Cu Dhw Ahkm\nnpmIpw ]t \psSa\pIfn Cu Dhw Ahkm\ncpXv. aebmfsbpw \psS kwkvImcsbpw a\ntentemIt mSv \n, IpnI C\nbpw kwkmcnWw.amXr`mjbmb aebmfs acnm hnSnsv \apvDds {]Jym]nWw. AXn\mbn {]hnWw.

BiwkItfmsS

sI kn tPmk^vkmwkvImcnI hIpv a{n

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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C{Xbpw kpcamsbmcp\mSv ashnsSbp|v ?] psIm|v Ccp|XpwPekarnsIm|vIpfpXpw AgIpwsFizcyhpw \ndXpamb \psS \mSv.

C{Xbpw kpcamsbmcp \mSv ashnsSbpv? ]psImv

CcpXpw PekarnsImv IpfpXpwAgIpw sFizcyhpw \ndXpamb \psS \mSv.\apv \m]n\mep]pgIfpv, Hcmbncw Ipffpw InWdpIfpw tXmSpIfpapv. A\hnimeamb hbcpIfpapv.Xnn\nd sXpI

fpv ]ppIfpw aeIfpw shmfpapvkly]hX\ncIfn Idpncp almh\fpv,B\qfpw ISphbpwImpt]mpw Ipcpwam\pw abnepsamw hnlcnp hImSpI.

adphitmtIcfns ]mZfn sXmpIfnpwt]mse Ae

Ifnfp Ad_nSChbvp \Sphn hnZymk

cpw kam[m\{]nbcpw_pnbpw ipNnXzhpwPknambphcpambHcp P\Xbpv. aebmfwkwkmcnph, A\y`mjIfn {]mhoWywt\Snbh, HmWhpw{Inkvakpw apldhpsamwBtLmjnph. IYIfnbpsS \mSv, hwIfn

bpsSbpw hnmnsbpw\mSv, a[pcsamgnbmbaebmfIhnXbpsS \mSvCebnv kZybpw HmWqhnSepw H\bpw amwIfnbpsamw AdnmkzZnp \mSv. ChnsSkvIqfn t]mImIpnIfn, GXp Zcn{Z\pwXs Ipn ]TnWsavB{Klnpp. e

Wn\p kv{XoI FmtaJeIfnepw sXmgnsNbvXp Pohnpp. CXpkzmX{ ynsbpw \n`bXbpsSbpw kzw tZiat{X.Fm, CsXmw]cn]menphm \appIgnbpptm FvXfncv hmbnp IpnI

BtemNnphm kabambn. \apv Cv ap]e ]ZhnIfpw Inppv Ghpa[nIw aZy]m\nIfp \mSv! Ghpa[nIw hml\m]ISfpwBlXyIfpw \SpbnSw!! kv{XoIpws]IpnIpw FXncmbp A{Ia

hnncnpp. \psSIppI CSnsSpp,

Fm hbepIfpw \nIsSpp tXmSpIanpaqSn Icbmpp,IrjnI A{]XyamIpp, Fm \ZnIfpw aen\amWv. \Kcfn amen\yqmc Dbv]Ihym[nI s]cpIpp XWac\nbw apdnpXppFmbnShpw tIm{Ionvans\ izmkw apnpp, NqSp hnpIbpwPemaw cqamhpIbpwsNp Imew hpIgnp Fp imkv{X NqnmWn

pp. aebmfw AdnbpXp tamiamsWpIcpXp aebmfnsdpmcpsS Xeapd hfphncnpp. AaebmfwCp \nnXbmWv, NqjnXbmWv, ZpxJnXbmWv.tIcfndhn Zn\nFs IpnI Cu kXy AdnbWw, {]XnIcn

Ww tIcfs tIcfambn \ne\nphm\nfpsS XeapdbvpIgnbpamdmIs. BiwkI.

kvt\ltmsSkpKXIpamcn

\psS tIcfw

hc: kp[o ]n ssh

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

6

Fs ae-bmfw

\ ae-bmfwtUm. sI {ioIp-am

teJ\w

Fm a\pjypw Xs `mjs]m`mj XsbmWv. kzwhnNmcfpw hnImcfpsamsAtX]Sn BhnjvIcnm amXr`mjbvt Ignbq. A\y`mjI tIhewt]mamcmIptm amXr`mj s]

bmW IhnhmIyw {]ikvXamWtm.Ipmbn ]ndhnsbSpptm apXa\pjy tIp XpSp amXr`mj

apemens\mw AenptNcpXmWv.AXpsImpXs {]mWhmbphns\mw{]nbcamhpp \apv `mj.

aebmfw h hgn

"aebmfw' F ]Znsbpw aebmf

`mjbpsSbpw D]nsbpdnv `mjm]WvUnX hn`n A`n{]mbmcmWv.

tIcfns AXncpIfpambn _s

mWv aebmfw FhmpmbsXhmZn\v kzoImcyX e`nnpv. aebpsSbpwBg nsbpw

aebpsSbpwkap{Znsbpw CSbvpAfw AYhmeamWv aebmfambsXvCh \ncon

pp. aeIfpsS\mSmWv "aebf' hpw

]noSv "aebmf' hpambsXpapv hmZw. e\maw ]noSv `mjsbhntijnnp ]ZambXmIm\mWv km[yX.

C\n aebmf`mjcq]wsIm ]mesasv ]cntim[nmw. ChnsSbpw]e A`n{]mbfpw Dbnpv. tUm.

KppwtIcf]mhc: tKm]p ]nd

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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Wn\nbpw ImUzepw almIhn DqcpwtKmhnnbpsams Cu NIfnkPohambn ]sSphcmWv. kwkvIrXn \nmWv aebmfw cq]ssXpwAX Xangv`mjbmWv cq]]cnWmafn

eqsS aebmfambsXpap ]gb \nKa\v Cv {]knbn.aebmfns D]nsbn

s]mXpth kzoImcyamb \ncoWamWn\n. {ZmhnUtKm{Xw, CtUm bqtdm]y tKm{Xw Fo cv `mjmtKm{XCybnepv. Xangpw sXeppw ISbpsamaSpXmWv {ZmhnUtKm{Xsan lnn, kwkvIrXw apXemb `mjIfmWv cmatXn. ZntWy`mjIfSp Hcp s]mXp`mj GXmvaqhmbncw hjw apv \ne\nncpp.BZna{ZmhnU`mj FmWXv AdnbsncpXv. B `mjbn \nv BZyw XangpwsXeppw ISbpw ]noSv aebmfhpwcq]wsImp.

aebmfw kwkmcnncp tIcftZim CybvIpw ]pdpap \nch[n `mjmcpambn \nccw CS]gInsmncpp. hym]mcmhiyn\mhWwCcw CS]gI Ghpa[nIw \SXv.

BZyImev Ghpa[nIw hmpIaebmfn\p e`nXv Aac`mjbmbkwkvIrXn \nmWv.

kwkvIrXn\p ]pdta XangpwsXeppw ISbpw lnnbpsamw aebmfs kzm[o\n `mjIfmWv. CwojpImcpsSbpw t]mpKokpImcpsSbpw UpImcpsSbpw sshtZinI N{IhnamcpsSbpsamw Cybntep ISphchvtIcfnepw kzm[o\apmn. Cq

n aebmfs Ghpa[nIw kzm[o\nXv Cwojv XsbmWv.aebmfns D]ntm AXn\p

aptm D \mtSmSnioepIfmhWw`mjsb [\yamnb BZy kkrnI. Ch Bcpw IcpXnqn Dmnbhb. AmXcmb kulrZbcpsSa\pIfn DdhsbSpv ]ecneqsSbpwcq]t`Zw hv, ImtXmSpImtXmcw kaqln ]ShbmhWw Ah. "Xm\mtcmXmtcm...' t]mep CuW "amcnagI \\t...' t]mep IrjnmpI,hS ]mpIfpw sX]mpIfpaS

p hocIYmKm\, BZnhmknIfpsS ]mpI, Ad_naebmfnepamnfmpI XpSnbh DZmlcWamWv. ssienI, ]gsamgnI, ISwIYI Fnhsbbpw Cu \mtSmSn]mccy

ns `mKambn ImWmw.Ihn-X-s- m-S-n- pI, Imhyhf -I

\mtSmSnhnXm]mccys amn\nnbm {InkvXzw ]mw\qmphsc aebmfw Kucham IhnXIvhnf\neambncpn. Fm Ab`mjbmb XangmIs "kwLwIrXnIsf'Hcp ]w iamb Imhyfm [\yambncpp. NneXnImchpw Xncppdfpsamw `mjmXnn ISv aebmfsbpw kzm[o\n Imew IqSnbmWXv.Cu kzm[o\w {ItaW aebmfn\vKpWIcambn `hnp.

Ht\m n Xansgp tXmpsanepw BZnaebmfnep IrXnIfnBZytXv NocmaIhn FgpXnbsXphnizknp "cmaNcnX' amWv. Xangpwaebmfhpw Ienbp Cu `mjmcoXnsb "]mp{]m\'sap `mjmNcn{XImc hnfnp. "\ncWwIhnI'

Fdnbs am[hWncpsSbpwicWncpsSbpw cmaWncpsSbpwIIrXnI (IcmambWw, `mcXame, `mjm `KhZvKoX XpSnbh) Cqn aebmfhfsb t{]mmlnnhbmWv.

Xangv aebmf an{iwt]mse \mp`mjbpw kwkvIrXhpw Iqnt "aWn{]hmf{]m\hpw' \nehn hp.kv{XohW\, cmPkvXpXn, Cuizc

kvXpXn, {]IrXnhW\ XpSnbhbmbncpp Cu {]m\nse ImhyfpsS{]tXyIXI.

]mn\pw aWn{]hmfn\pw ]pdtIImeaev]w IgnmsWnepw cp{]m\ IqSn aebmfnepmbn."ktiImhy{]m\'amWv AXnsemv.hnclnemb \mbnIm\mbImcnsemcm XfpsS ZpxJm[nIyw ]mfnsb Adnbnm\mbn ktihmlIscIspXpw AsXmw Imhycqt]W ]dpsImSppXpamWnXv.ImfnZmks "taLZqX'ns NphSp

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

8

]nSnv Dp\oenktihpw ipIktihpw ImIktihpw tImIktihpsams aebmfnepmbn. asmcpkmlnXycq]amb Np{]m\w KZy]tZym`habamb ImhyamWv. ]Xn\mw\qmn\ptijamWv CXns Bhn

`mhw. cmambWwNp, `mcXw Np,ss\j[w Np XpSn Htsd Imhy Cu imJbnepmbn.

{-]mN-o\ Ihn-{-Xbw

apKmanIfpsS Xangv kwkvIrX, KZy]Zyab ImhycoXnIfn \nv aebmfIhnX hfcpIbmWv. aebmfn\v aebmf\na \Im\p Cu {iav t\XrXzw \InbXv sNdptcn, Fgp,Ip\ym Fo Ihn{]Xn`IfmWv.Cs aebmfntev ]mnepw aWn{]hmfnepw \mtSmSn ]mccynepwapn\n "Aip aebmf's ssI]nSnm\bnpIbmWv Ch sNbvXXv.

sNdptcnbpsS IrjvWKmY aebmfns BkzmZyX IsSp BZyImhyamWv. CXn Atlw {ioIrjvWIY]dbptm Xangns\tbm kwkvIrX

stbm AXncpIhnv B{ibnpn. \mtSmSn]mccys AIn\nmXv Imhyns emfnXyn\vImcWamhpIbpw sNbvXp.

\ aebmfn ImhycN\ \SnsNdptcn. AtXkabw tIcfsapw

kzoImcyamb aebmfssien kzoIcnv,`nsb apJym\p \nn ImhycN\ \Snb Xpsgps\ \mw"aebmf `mjbpsS ]nXmhm'bn Ahtcm[np. Fgps "Infn' ]mSnbtmAh kmam\yP\X s\tmSptNvkzoIcnp. Htckabw `nImhyfmbpw Hmcw `mjmImhyfmbpwAh BtLmjnsp. "`n{]m\w']noSv ]qm\sbpw cma]pcphmcyscbpsams Gsd BIjnp.

kaqtlma\n\v Bt]lmkys Imcyaambn D]tbmKnmWvIp \ym P\IobIhnbmbnoXv. \nehnep kmlnXy Iemcq] kzoIcnmsX Atlw\ho\amb ImhycoXnbpw Zriycq]hpwIsn. AXmWv XpIrXnIfpwXpepw. Ap \nehnencp ]SbWnbSap Iemcq]fn \nmWv]Xns\mw \qmn Pohnncp

\ym Hm, ]db, ioX XpepIfpsS NqSv IsnbXv.

{]mNo\ Ihn{XbspSv ]cnip `nbpsS Imhycq]fmb"m\m\' "{ioIrjvWmarXw' "km\tKm]mew' Fnhbpambn ]Xn\mdmw\qmns a[yn ]qm\w \q

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

9

Xncnbpw ]Xns\mw \pmns XpSn "IptNehrw hnmp'ambncma]pcphmcycpw ImhyaWvUensen.

BYbpw a-pw

"IYbdnv BwImWm' aebmfnsb]Tnnhcn Inmv\qXncn, sImmccXpcm, tImbw Xpcm, ISnmv \qXncn,Dmbnhmcy FnhmWv{]Yam\w. iq\yXbn\nv cq]sSpnb Hcp Zriycq]a IYIfn. Ap \ne\nncp HtsdIemcq]fn \nmWv CXnsbpwD]n."kqWIe'sbp hntijnnsSp IYIfnbpsS kmlnXycq]amb "BY' `mjmhfbn\Inb kw`mh\ sNdpX.

BYmkmlnXyn DmbnhmcycpsS "\fNcnX's Igntbpqaspw. Zriy]cXbpw kmlnXy`wKnbpw CXn Hns\mv kaRvPkambn tafnpp. Ccbn Xn,

hn IrjvW Xn, tImbw XpcmXpSn Htsd {]Xn`m[\ BYm{]m\s XfpsS kw`mh\IfneqsS ]pnsSpn.

ImhyI\yIbps-S X-nIhv

aebmf`mjbpsS XnIhv Xncndnbm\p {ia ]smXmw \qmnepmbn. sImSpq IpnpXpcms t\XrXzn cwKsnb

"sImSpq Ifcn' bmWv CXn{][m\w. "]aebmf {]m\'hpw"shaWn {]m\'hpw \ aebmfns BkzmZyX F{X am{XsavBkzmZIv a\nemnsmSpmt]mXmWv. "\ `mj'bpw "XptImfmn'bpw "tIma\p'sams NneDZmlcW am{Xw. Imhy wKnbpwAKmw`ocyhpw XnI HtsdapI (HtmIw)fpw Cmepmbn.

tIcfhabpsS "abqcktiw' F B

cmPcmPhabpsS "aWn{]hmfimIpfw', "aebhnemkw' Fnh XpSph cN\Ifn {itbamWv.

kwkvIrXnse ImhyhgnI]npSv "almImhy{]m\'hpw]mmXyImhy[mcIfpsS kzm[o\apsmv "JImhy{]m\hpw'aebmfnsepp. AgIv ]\m`pdpns "cmaN{hnemk'neqsSDZbw sNbvX almImhy{]m\fn almIhn Dq, htm, sI

kn tIih]n, ]fw tIcfha XpSn Htsd IhnI AWn\ncp.F Bdpw, hn kn _meIrjvWWncpw, kn Fkv kp{_Wy t]mnbpsamw JImhycN\IfnepwapgpIn aebmfs [\yamn.

Ccp]Xmw \qmnse ImhycwKw[\yamIpXv "B[p\nI Ihn{Xbw'Fdnbs Ipamc\mim, Dq,htm FnhcpsS cwK{]thi

tmsSbmWv. aebmf IhnXbpsS ]pXp]pecnXsbmWv AtXmsS kw`hn

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

10

pXv. Htc Imev kK{InbbnGs snepw aqp {]Xn`Ifpw XmmfpsS ]mX sXcsSpp FXpw{itbamWv. "hoW]qhv' apXepDrIrXnI Bim\pw "kmlnXyaRvPcn' bSap kpcImhyhtmfpw "t{]akwKoXw' t]mepKuchIhnXI Dqcpw cNnp. ]nIpncma \mb, Pn icpdpv,

Npg IrjvW]n, CSn cmL

h]n, hbem cmaha, ]n `mkvIc, H F hn Ipdpv, kpKXIpamcn,sshtemnn {io[ctat\m, CStcnXpSnb F{Xtbm ]nXeapdmcneqsSbpw Fa B[p\nI Ihn{]Xn`I

f n eqsSbpw aebmfIhnX Cpwiambn \nesImpp.

KZ-yhf

ImhyhgnbpsS t]mjWtmsSmw Xs KuchapXmWv aebmfKZynshfbpw. {]mNo\Imesimk\fnepw sNtSpIfnepw ImWsSp KZyamIWw BZyamXrII.Cs aebmfKZyhpambn ]pe_w t]mepwAXn\n. NpImhyfnse KZyhpw NmIymIqnse KZyhpw ]t,Cs aebmfhpambnhnZqc_aphbmWv.

KZyns DZmamXrII aebmfn BhnjvIcnXv

sshtZinIcmsWXvkXnmsX h. tIcfnsenb t]mpKokpImcpw CwojpImcpw UpImcp

sams IhSt msSmw XfpsS

aX{]NcWhpweyamn.AXn\mbn

Ahv\mpImcpambn CS]gtInhp. CXvcp`mjIfpsSbpw Ien\v hgnshp.{InkvXpaX{]NcWn\v anjWdnamm]n ]mTimeIfmWv bYmn aebmfkmlnXyns {]NmcWwBZyw km[yamnbXv. ]mmXy]Zfpw kwkvImchpw Ie aebmfambncpp AXv. Imt\m\Ifnse KZywF{X Iv B[p\nIamWv FXv {itbamWv.

aXw {]Ncnnm\mbn anjWdnam

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

11

cNn aebmf {K KZy hfbvvhenb kw`mh\I \In. aebmf \nLp, kwt]thZmw (av ]mXncn)thZXw (Icnbmn aev]m) ham\pkvXIw (]mdmt tXmam\m) Fnh Chbn {][m\amWv. Chbvv ]pdta IpnIv ]Tnm\mbn Bv Uo D, tPmPv

am, ^mZ PdmUv XpSnbh\ KZyn ]e ]pkvXIfpw Xmdmn. tIcfha henbtImbnpcmstat\mn IpnImbn "]mT]pkvXInn' Xmdmnb Htsd ]pkvXIfpw aebmf KZyns Icpdnbnphbmbn.

ham\{XfmWv KZyhfbn\nWmbI kw`mh\I \Inb asmv. 1847 sla Kpns "cmPy

kamNmc' n XpSpp CXv. ]n

tamZbw, m\\nt]w, ]naXmcI,kXy\mZImlfw, aebmfan{Xw, tIcfan{Xw FnhbmWv KZys t]mjnnBZyIme ham\]{X. CtXpSv tIcf]{XnIbpw \{kmWnZo]nIbpw aebmfat\mcabpw amXr`qanbpwtIcfIuapZnbpw CtX m]\fn\np B\pImenI {]knoIc

Wfpw ]pdphp. aebmfKZyns khtXmpJamb hfbvpwAtXmsS Acsmcpn.

KZyns Fm taJeIfnepw{]Xn`m[\cmb FgppIm ISphcnIbpw aebmf KZyw AXns ]qWhfbnsepIbpw sNbvXp. As\mn ]Zhnv AhImihmZapbnmhp \ne aebmf`mjbvv ssIhncnpIbmWv ham\Imev.

KZykmlnXy nse ]qhkqcnI

sNdp IY : t hbn Ipn c m a \mb\m , HS p h n Ipn r j vWtat\m, kn Fkv tKm]me Wn, AmSn \mcmbWsmXphm, aptmp Ipam

c, Fw B sI kn,apncntmv, sI kpIpamc

t\mh :Ap s\SpmSn, H Nptat\m, kn hn cma]n, tIcfha henbtImbnpcm, Imcmn ANypXtat\m, AmSn \mcmbWsmXphm

\mSIw:tIcfha henbtImbn pcm, F B, N n Nmppn amSnbm,sImmcn ipn, kn hn cma ]n, sI kn tIih]n, hKokv amnf, apjncmapdpv

hy mIcWw : sla K p v , t P mP v a m, t I mhp n s \S p m S n ,F B, tijKncn{]`p, IpnrjvWamcm

kmlnXyNcn{Xw:Dq, ]n tKmhn n, B \mcmbW]Wn, Bq, ]n sI ]ctaizc \mb, n Fw Npm

\w:C hn IrjvW]n, kRvPb, kn hn cma ]n

PohNcn{Xw,BIY :sshw ]mpaqXv, _n IeymWnb, kZm sI Fw ]Wn,aqtmp Ipacm, ]n sI ]ctaizc \mb

bm{XmhnhcWw:Icnbmn aev]m, ]mdmt tXmamI\m, Fkv sI s]msmv

_mekmlnXyw: amXyp Fw Ipgnthen, n kn IeymWnb, ssh v ]mpaqXv, tIcfha

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

12

A aIp XX-v

IY

A ]dbpXv A\v Ncn{XansmWv. Fs\ Pohnp hfpFv Adnbm A. AXpsImmA F\nv Ncn{Xapmm XpSn

bXv. Rm P\n Ap XpSnbXm CuNcn{X\namWw. A\p sSenhnj Nm\enemWtm tPmen. AXpsImv FpwFfpw. A F\npthn Hcp tmKvXs s\n Dmn. tmKns t]cvIpIw.

IpIw Bcw`npXv Bip]{Xnbn ]ndphoW Fs IppsXmnen \nmWv. F\nntm hbv ]v.Rm apXn Cu hjnSbnseFs temIamWv A ]IpXv.

Fs ]nshv, sImcnmNncn, apebqv, ^oUnwKv t_mnentep ssIamw,DSppIfpsS hWpSamw. agbpsShncen ]nSnv Rm \S BZy NphSv.Rm sIm BZys agsb ImWptm F\nntm hmsmcp A`nam\hpw A\p`qXnbpamWv. Rm I BZykn\na "ag'bmsWv A ]dbpp.As \mnse Hmeta Hcp kn\namsImIbn Abvpw A\panSbn

Hcp Itkcbn N{aw ]Snncpv Rm"ag' Ip. HcmfXv icnpw Iymadbn]nSnsSpp.

Fs hnZymcw`w hon hpXsbmbncpp. A XsbmWv lcn{ioIpdnXv. As kvt\lnX _mepama Iymadbn ]In. kv]jvSambnRm Dcnp. lcn{io KW]Xtb \axRm\nXm kvIqfntev t]mIpIbmWv.sNdpXmbn Rms\mv kSsSppv.

Cncn Icnens hv. FmepwIcn. mvapdnbn Fs Ccpn

]pdtv t]mIp As\ ImWmw.A kvIqfns apv BtcmtSm kwkmcnp \npp. PmeIneqsS AsIymadbpsS apJw {inXv F\nv Hma

bpv.Rm \mbn kwkmcnpXpSnbXpapX Fssmv Fmw ]dbnmWvA IpIw Dmm XpSnbXv.Rm\ns\ ]dbpw ]paWnv Imdpambn hcm amat\mSv ]dp. ]tama hXv ]t apmen\v. Abvvktmjw. A{X t\chpw AWnsmcpmatm. A `bcambn tZjysncnpIbmbncpp. ]Xns\mpaWnvR aqmdntev ]pdsp. AhnsS

\ XWpmbncpp. A{X XWppev Rm BZyambn t]mIpIbm.skzdnncnp Fs ImWm \ckw. ImSn\pn Hcp tImtPnembncpp RfpsS Xmakw. Fp ckamsWtm! av ]pIbmbn tatempbcpp. A knKcv Inpp.

Rm BZyambn tPn ]mSnbXvImWptm Ctm Nfnv tXmpw.RfpsS dknUkv tImf\nbnse

hmjnIZn\n\mbncpp AXv. "FsJ_nse' Fp XpSp ]mv. AvAhnsS IpnIsfmw ]mSnbXpw AXpXs. si, thsdmv ]mSmambncpp.

Fs PohnXnse hfbpsSHmtcm Lfpw Fs Hmtcmtcm B\fpw Fs hnhn[ BZym\p`hfpwsImp \nd IpIw CubnsSbmWvA ImWnpXXv. CXphscbp,AXmbXv Cu Amw mv hscbp

{][m\s Hmtcmpw AXnepv.Fs ImXpIpv, sFkv{IowsImXn,

hn B kp[ojv

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

13

_ncnbmWnXo, IpptXmpSpvIpfn, ]Tnw, Ddw, HfnpIfn, tnsegpv, t]\sbgpv, As\bs\AXnenm Hpan.

A ]dbpXv Hcp s]IpnbpsSPohnXw henb Hcp Ncn{XamsWmWv.AXv FgpXsSmsX t]mIpp. \mw PohnsXs\ Fp \madntbXpv. Hc\v aIv \Imhp Ghpw henbkm\w Cu PohNcn{Xns Zriym\p`hamWv. AXv A \nanpsImtbncnpp. C\nbpw Fs PohnnFsmw kw`hnm\ncnpp? AsXm

sbpw A IpInenSpw. A

]dbpp "\ns PohnXnse hntijs kw`h `mhnbn DmIptm

Hcp]t \ns A Dmsbphcn. At m \o Xs thWw AsXmsbpw ]In CXn tNm.\ns PohnXw ]qWamIptmtg CXpwAhkm\npIbpq. Pohnp PohnXns t\kmyhpambn \o aptmpt]mIpI. AXphscbpw amcpw CXpImWcpXv. \o am{Xw... Ahkm\w CuPohNcn{Xw temIn\p \IpI. Hcps]PohnXw As\ Fmhcpw ImW

s.' F\nv hmsX kSw hcpp...

hc: Ptbjv inh

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

14

F Sn cmPohvItm, Ch Cwojnhfsc homWv. CWn\pt]mbm tXmXp Xs. \ ASn sImSpt mfo

So. Fpw Ifn XsIfn. Rm\pw \ ASnsImSptmfmw.

ASn sImSpWw.... Ch aebmfnen\n annbm ASn sImSpWw. CwojvXs]dbs. Fpw Hcp Cwojv]{Xhpw hmbns!

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

14


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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

15


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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

16

Acsf{X?tUm.hn B {-]t_-m-[N-{- \mb

"Cwojv B^s_n 26 setgvkv, AhbpsS {Ian\msWn abcdef... Fns\ Hcp amhpwHcnepw CXm\pw.' CsXmw Cwojp]cnNbap Ghcpw kXnpw. aebmfnse nXntbm? Ac A]s mv Fp Nne; A]naqvFp ap Nnecpw. thtd NnecpsS IWsSpn AckwJy C\nbpw amdna

dnbpw.Fm aebmfns Imcyw am{XwCs\? CXns\ms Hcp Xobpwaqbpw tht? thWw, F,IqSntb Xocq.

Ac-a-m-ebpw hWa-m-ebpw

aebmfw FgpXm D]tbmKnp A,B,C,Cu,I,S,X,] apXemb Nnsfbpw Cwojv FgpXm D]tbmKnpa e i o u p b t kXpSnb NnsfbpamWv "Acw' FXpsImv antmgpw Dtinmdv. Cwojn hWamebpw aebmfn AcamebpamWpsXp ]dbpXv FpsImv? ae

bmfw Fgpns apJy GIIw Acw(syllable); CwosjgpnsbmIsAcLSIamb kz\w (speech sound)..CXv ASnns sXmSp HcphyXymkamWv; ]ecpw {inmdnspam{Xw.

C-w-o-jn-s-e kvs-]nM-v Fs-ImS-pwIS

Cwojv `mjm]cnioe\ns XpS

nte t\cntSnhcp Hcp IodmapnbmWv kvs]nMv AYhm, FgpnCn Nn F Nn.put, but, foot, foodFnh {inv Dcnpt\mpI: u F ASbmfn\vput- D FpmcWw; but- A Fpw.CwojpIm t-bvp ap]p oo DFpw dbvp ap]pXv Du FpwBWpcnpI. ough F NnkwlnXbpsS DmcWw thorough- Hu Fv;through Du Fv; trough- A^v

Fpw! lead FsgpXnbncnpXn\v\bnpI FYw htct m

eoUv FpcnWw; AYwCubwFmIWsan seUvFt Dcnmhq. hair, hare;hear, here; where, ware, were;red (sNa), read (hmbnp);meat (Cdn) meat (IpappI) Fns\ ]e kvs]np hnhn[ hmpIv

Htc DmcWw. Cs\ FsmwXcw koWXIfmWv

hc: sI kXojv

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

17

CwojnepXv!Cwojnse Ip{]knamb kvs]nMv{]iv\ns hepw Hp sXmpImWnp Fpam{Xw. aebmfn Hmtcmhmnsbpw kvs]nMv {]tXyIw ]cnioentXn. Cwojntem, Cu ]cnio

e\w Hgnhmm\mhn.""Cwojn 26 Acat Dq? FpkuIcyw?'' Fv AkqbsSpXvAXns ASnn ]Xnbncnp A]ISns hepw ImWmh am{Xw.B kuIcyn\v CwojpIm \tInhcp I\ hnebmWv GsdmewIjvSsp ]Tnm am{Xta hiamhqFp kvs]nMv \nba.""Dcnptmse AsgpXnbm aXn

btm, aebmfw Fsfpw!'' Fp ]etmgpw ]dptImw. AXv GdnbIqdpw icnbpamWv.Cs aebmfwAcame: \ms m]XcCmes aebmfw Acame (Cs aebmf`mj FgpXnmWnmBhiyamb Nn) XmsgImWnmw:1. kzcNn 13A B C Cu D Du EF G sF H Hm Hu

2. hyRvP\Nn 36I J K L MN O P Q RS T U V WX Y Z [ \] ^ _ ` ab c e hi j k lf g dCs\ 13 + 36 = 49 AcfmWv

Cs aebmfnepXv. Chbn \,d, ^ Fo Nnfn Hmtcmn\pwCucpmcWapv. B\ \\bpp;t\mhense Cu IYm]m{X ns DnepWcp t\mhepw thhepw; Fssldo; ^nentmkns ^enXw, Cu^m sIms p ^ew!XpSnbh Dcnp t\mnbm Cu hkvXpX \nwibw t_m[ysSpw.aebmfw FgpXm\p]tbmKnp ASn

m\ Nn am{XamWv apkqNnn 49 Fw. Fm hyRvP\

fpsSbpw kzcfpsSbpw Nnvk`m\pkcWw ]e cq]t`Zfpwhcpw. Ah IqSn ChnsSs FSppImWnmw:3. A\pkzmcw, hnkKw, N{e (ao) (BsI 3 Fw)

(1) A\pkzmcw (w) : ]Zmnepw ]Za[ynse Nne hyRvP\kwlnXIfnepwhcp aImcns Nn n\p ]dbmdp t]cmWv "A\pkzmcw' (sNdnb Hcp]qPyNnw. DZm:awKfw)(2) hnkKw (x): kwkvIrX]ZfnAImcw tNcmsXhcp lImcnsNnamWv hnkKw F t]cn Hnpta asmv F coXnbn FgpXnmWnmdp cp ]qPy. DZm:

ZpxJw. a\ximn, a\xkam[m\w Fns\ hnkKw tNsgpXphbvp]Icw a\mn, a\am[m\w apXembnhyRvP\Nnw CcnnsgpXp cq]fmWv km[mcWmnjvSw; Ah a\mbkw, a\tm apXembhsbtmseAhcpsS a\nnSnpp.(3) N{ebpsS cp aqeyN{e ( v) AYhm ao F Nnn\v, ap ]d \,d,^ Fnhsbtmse cp aqeyapv:

\onfm Ahtijnp "iphyRvP\w' F aqeyw.(i) I, N, S, X, ] apXemb hyRvP\Nnfn Hmtcmnepw DSpXmbncpXmhp AImcw \onfm Ahtijnp "iphyRvP\w'F aqeyw.DZm: Iv, Nv, Sv, Xv, ]v

(ii) "Hv, cv, aqv apXembhbpsSbpwIv, \nv, ]nSnv apXemb A]qW`qXIme{Inbmcq]fpsSbpw HSphnhcp tI{kzcw F kz\nsaqeyw.(4) kzX{ hyRvP\Nn AYhm"NnpI' (5 Fw) (5) Hcp hyRvP\ np sXmp]nmsehcp asmcp hyRvP\s pdnp

Nn (4)DZm: IImcn\ptijw hcp b d, f/e,

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

18

h: Iy {I Iz(6) hyRvP\s pSp hcp kzcsf kqNnnp Nn (12)DZmlcWn\v IImcn\ptijw hcptm:Im, In, Io, Ip, Iq, Ir, sI, tI, ssI,

sIm, tIm, Iu(7) hyRvP\kwbp(i) Ccnv: ; ; ; ; (ii) IqSnt:(ii-1) Hcq]w ; ; ; ; ; (ii-2)N{esmfp vIqSntcp hyRvP\sf N{esImv CWnsbgpXph.DZm: IvS, Iv\, Ivk, KvZ, Kv[, Lv\; RvO,RvP, UvV, WvT, Xv\;]vX, ]v\, ]vk, _vP, _vZ, _v[, av\; bvI,bvX, bv], bva, bvh;iv\, iva; jvI, jvS, jvT, jvW, jv],jv^, jva;kvX, kv\, kv], kv^, kva; gvI, gvN, gva,vat]\pv ISemkn\nv F{X

Ipdp XhW Dbt nhcppthmA{Xbpw thKw IqSpw Fgpn\v.AXn\m N{esImv hyRvP\Nnsf IqnbnWm ]pdsSmsXHmtcm Iqchpw HbSnsgpXpI FXmWv Fgpn Xgw hcphcpsS

]Xnhv. N{esImp sImfpnbhyXykvX hyRvP\Nn Iqcns LS\ sXfnpImpw FXn\mFgpXm ]TnpXpSphv hfscklmbIcamhpp.aebmfw Acamebnse NnfpsS

Fw Cwojv hWamebnteXnepwF{X A[nIw Ftmv hyk\npXn AYan. Cwojntmepw Acp sNdpXv hepXv F hIt`Zw ]cnKWnm AckwJy 26 x 2 =52 Fv Ccnpw FtmpI.

kt -m-jn-m hI

GXp temI`mjbnsebpw an hmpIfpw henb HSnthm NXthm CmsXDsmm Xhw hn]peamWtmaebmfnse Acame Ftmv\app ktmjnmw. B[p\nI bpKns GXp shphnfnsbbpw GsSpm th{X sabvhgw aebmfwhiamnbXv kamb Cu AcamebneqsSbmWv.

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

18


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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

19

]{pthjnemptXmdpw]{p N \mcn.InshbnpgbvsgIv

Ip\nptm sImXns]cppwsImpwIpchbpw hmfpw NnepambvsXmp]nmse XpemhjwIpfncp]pXXm hrnIapnhfscnSpnsep \ntm.

XncphmXncmeamsbp ]mSpp[\pamksmSnbnsesInfnIamqhncnbp aIcw sNmcnbppasmcp a[pcw a\n

]{p NGgm-tc-n c-ma-N-{-

Zmlw hfphm shnshbnpS

NqSn hspp Ipw`amkwao\smSpw NqSnepkh;]mSnfnpp ]mXncI

asmcpphm t\camsbp IpnsesImbpw taShnjpnfnbpwNes]mnp ]mphcpsmcpsImIWmWnSh amkw.

Nncnbpw Iocpsamw hnfnanYp\w \npp tImembn

]w ]mSp s]s]s

]gntZmj XpSp \on,IsgpXnsmpIpnncnXmISn ]qapJv.

Hcp sImwt]mbXdnntm]SnISspp Nnshbn.

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

19

hc: sI ]n apcfo[c


20/52

\psSbnSbn [mcmfw sFXnlyfpv. aebmfnse sFXnlyfn]dbns] ]ncpIpew Gsd {]knamWv.Antlm{Xn, cPI, sNm Xncpta\n,Dfnbq s]cp, Xncphcv ]mW\m, DpIq, \mdmWp{ m, hSpXe\mb, Imcbve, AIhqNm,]m\m, hmbnmpne FnhcmWv

B ]{pt]. Ah PmXnIpw aXpanSbn Cp ImWp nXbnseAanmbvasb Imncpp. ckIcfpw Xz DhbpamWv ChcpsSIYI.]m\m \qXncnamsc Xzw ]TnnIY sNmmw.Hcp\m "]m\m' Xs amSnencnpIbmbncpp. Atm AcnInep hgnbneqsS Ipsd \qXncnam hStmp t]mIpXvIp. ]m\m HmSnsvAhsc hWnbtijwFtmmWv bm{X FvAt\zjnp.Ahcnsemcm ]dp:""R Iminv t]mIpI

bmWv. {XnthWokwKan apnpfnvImin hniz\mYs\bpw hWWw.''DS ]m\m At]np: ""Fm ASnb Hcp DuphSn IqSn Xbmw. \mbnKwKbn apnbnv sImphcmsan s]cpv D]Imcambncnpw.''kXn v hSn hmnb \qXncnam, As\sNpXv Fn\msWv At\zjnp. AXv

XncnsI hnv ]dbmsambn ]m\m.\qXncnam hSnbpambn Iminbnsen.KwKbn apnpfnv ]m]samw IgpInfv ]m\mcpsS hSnsbSpp. hSnKwKbn apnbtm AXv ssIbn \nvhgpXn hoWv Hgpns v XmWpt]mbn.Iw! \qXncnamv kSambn. kmcan, Hcp hSn Xtm Ah kamizknp.Iminbnse am{Xa kao]s ]pWy

t{Xfnepw sXmgpXv, Xofn Ipfn v a\n\v Xr]vXnhcpnb\qXncnam Xncnsn.

\qXncnamsc I

s-FX-n-lyIYImhmew \mc-m-bWWn-

hc: kPn hn

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

20


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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

22

t{ X kn [n bn tZh{]oXnmbn AhXcnnsSp

Iemcq] A\pjvTm\IeI FmWv AdnbsSpXv.

IqSnbmw, NmIymIqv,\ymIqv, ]mTIw apXembh Cubn\nsSpw

.Chbvv cmbncw hjntesd ]gw hcpw.

teJ\w

Iq-pw IqS-n-bm-hpw\psS kmwkvImcnI ss]XrIw

Zn W`m cXw XangIwFdnbsncp ImepXs IqSnbmhpw IqpwDmbncpp. aX]cambNSpIpw BtLmjpw Iqv, Zmknbmw(`cX\mSyw), tamln\nbmwXpSnb \r\rXy]Xnhmbncpp. hmtZym]IcWfpw IfntmpIfpwBSbm`cWfpw hlnpsImv \I Im\Sbmbn ssaepI XmnXfps S Iemc q ]

\mpImcpsS apn AhXcnnp t]mp. HpanAhkcfnepw CXn\pthZn t{X]cnkcfmbncpp. AXn\p ImcW]eXmWv. HmaXmbn tZhkn[nbn XfpsS Iemcq] kan v tZh{]oXnt\Smw; cmaXmbn \mpImHnpIqSp t{X]cn

kcw CXn\v A\ptbmPyambthZnbmbn IcpXsncpp;aqmaXmbn IfnIgnvcm{Xn Xphm ]etmgpwkuIcyw t{X]cnkcwam{Xambncpp. IInbpsSIY ]dbp NneXnImcwXpSnb Xangv IrXnIfnCXn\p kqN\I Dv.

NmIym, \ym kapZmbfnshcmWv IqSnbmhpw Iqpw ]ccmKXambnAhXcnnp t]mcpXv.

Fkv {io-\n-hmk


23/52

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

23

Acn thjw sIn IqSnbmw BSpXpw Iqp]dbpXpw NmIym, AISnbmbn angmhv hmbnpXv \ym; As\ HcpNmIym \ym Iqmbva

bmbn mWv IqSn bmhp wIqpw AhXcnnsSpXv. NmIymv A`n\bw;\ymv angmhv hmb\,AcpXfn, thj`qjmZnIfpsS \namWw; \ymcamv (\ymcpsS mcy)IqSnbm n kv{XothjwsI, tmIw sNm,Cemfw hmbn Cs\bmWv Cu IqmbvabnseNpaXeI. Cu kapZmbmcpsS AhImiambIemcq] AhXcnnphm\mbn inev]`wKn Xpfpp AXnat\mlcfmbIqefpw t{X]cnkcfn Dmbncpp.

Ime{ItaW ap kapZmbfnshcpw IqSnbmhpw

Iqpw A`yknpIbpwcwKhXcn n pIbpwsNm XpSn. AtXmsS,A\yw \npt]mIm CSbp Cu Iemcq]v]pXnsbmcp am\w ssIhp.IqSpX hnkvXrXamb hnlmbkntev, P\a[yntevCdnsphm\pw IqSpXP\kXn t\Sphm\pw Ahkcw e`np.

IqS-n-bmw

IqSnbmw F hmnsAYw "IqSn BSpI' FXpXs. `mk, in`{Z,atl{hn{Ia XpSnbalmIhnI cNn kwkvIr

X\mSI cwKv AhXcnnpXn\mbn hniZamb B{]Imc Xmdmn BwKnIm`n\bn\papXqw \In A`n\bnp coXnbmWv IqSnbmw.tIcfob Iemcq]amb IY

Ifnv Aqdp hjs]gta AhImisSm\pq.IqSnbmn\mIs cmbncwhjntesd ]gw hcpw.IYIfnbn A`nt\Xm]mSpItbm kwkmcnpItbmC. IpIfp w apJsamwkt]inIfpw ssIbpwIemihpwsImv ]Zm\p

]Z A`n\bw ImgvNhbvpp.A{]Imcw IY ImWnIv

a\nemnsmSppp.IqSnbmn A`nt\XmhvtmIw sNmppv. tmIns AYw ]Zm\p]ZwhniZambn BSn ^ennpIbpw IYmk`w DssS

hnkvXcn v BSpIbpw sNpp. IYIfnbnsem IqSpX kabsaSp v hnkvXcn vAwKhnt]fm BSn^enn p k{ZmbwIqSnbmn am{Xta Hcp]t ImWm Ignbq.

IqSnbmn Hcp IYBSphm Znhktfmfwthnhcpp. AXn\pB{]Imcfpw e`yamWv.

a{mw, AwKpeobmw,ahnemkw XpSnb IrXnIfmWv BZyImefnIqSnbmambn AhXcnnpt]mXv.

IYIfnbn ImWp anIYm]m{Xfpw IqSnbmwIYIfnepw Dv. ], In, XmSnthjfn Ipsdsbmskmayw Dspw ]dbmw.IqSnbmn A`nt\XmtmIw sNmn A n\bnm

tIc-fob Iem-c-q-]a-mbIY-Ifnv A-qd-phjs- ]gta AhIm-is- S-m-\pq. IqS-n-bm- -n\mIs cm-bnc-whj -n-tes-d ]gw hcpw. IqS-n-bm- -n Hc-p IYBS-phm Z-nhktfmfw th-n-hc-p-p. AX-n-\pB{-]Im-c-fpw e -ya-m-Wv.


24/52

Xp IqSmsX, hnZqjIthjwsIp NmIym hmNnIm`n\bw Xs AhXcnnpp;`mjmNmXpcntbmsS th{X\aw Ien IY]dbpp.

1965 IqSnbmns

Ipe]Xnbmb ss]pfw cmaNmIym apssIsbSp v tIcfIemaen IqSnbmhpwIqpw A`yknnphm\pIfcn Bcw`np. AtXmsSPmXnaXt`ZanmsX CuIemcq]w A`yknphm\pw{]Ncnnphm\pw D Ahkcw kwPmXambn.

tIcf IemaWvUen\p

tijw cmas m]\sa \nebn Xncph\]pcv Ign \m]Xv hj

ambn {]hnp "amKn'F m]\nepw 1981 IqSnbmwIfcn Bcw n p.

IqSnbmwIYIfn AcpIfnse AZz Xobcmb]Zva`qj Aq am[

hNmIymcpw ]Zva{io IemaWvUew IrjvW \mbcpwtNv \nehnfp sImfpnbmWv henbimebnse \naTn tZhkzw t_mUv hmSIbvv \Inb sInSnIqSnbmwIfcn XpSnbXv.

Cu cv m]\fn\npw ]T\w ]qnbmn]pdph IemImc (PmXn

aXt`ZanmsX) Cv temIwapgp AdnbsSphcpvFv A`nam\tmsS ]dbmw.

2001 hnJymX Nen{XImc\mb ]Zvahn qj ASqtKm]meIrjvW kwhn[m\w sNbvXv \nnhXcnn IqSnbmw tUmIpsadnItijw sFIycm{k`

bpsS kmwkvmcnI imJbmb UNESCO IqSnbms"am\hcminbpsS hmsamgn]mccyns A\izcss]XrI' ambn AwKoIcnp.

N-mIymIq-v

cmambWw, alm`mcXwXpSnb D]\njpIfnseIYI `mjmipntbmSpw

A`n\bNmXpcntbmSpw IqSn,hnZqjI thjanp hcpNmIym hnkvXcnv AhXcn np coXn bmWvNmIymIqv. CXn hmNnIm`n\bn\mWv {]mapJyw.thpthmfw \ahpapv.kaImeo\ kw`hfpambn_sSpn apn Ccnp {]amWnamcpsS apJ

pt\mn lmkycq]nAhcpsS Ipdhp IpwA{ibvpw t\sc hncNqphm NmIympIgnhv {]knamWv. ipamb`mj kt`mNnXambn {]tbmKnphm NmIympIgnbpw. NmIymcpsS ]cnlmk n\p hnt[b\mIp {]amWn cmPmthm a{ntbmBcmbmepw Xncnp {]XnIcnpItbm ]IcwhopItbmsNmdn. A{]Imcw sNm]mSn FXmWv AenJnX\nbaw.

\ymIq v{ioIrjvWs ktlm

Zcnbmb kp`{ZbpsS tNSn(tXmgn)bmWv Iev]eXnI.{ioIrjvWs P\\wapXkzKmtcmlWw hscbp

IY hnkvXcn v BSp coXnbmWv \ymIq v AYhm

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

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\ymcqv. \ymIpSpw_fpsS IpI

bmbncp Cu Iemcq]wPmXnaXt`Zsat\y Cv]Tn hXcn nppv. D]Poh\w \SpIbpw sNpp.1965 IemaWvUenepwXpSv 1981 amKnbnepw

CXns Ifcn Bcw`n tXmsSbmWv Cmcyn IqSpX ]ptcmKXn DmbXv.

F Un ]Xns\mmw \qmn tIcfw cnncp IpetiJc ha F cmPmhv

cNn kp`{Zm[\RvPbw\mSInse tNSnbpsS \nh

lWambnmWv \ymIq vF Ie cq]w{]m]nXv. \

]mWvUXyhpw Ignhpw A`n\bNmXpcnbpw D Hcp \ymcsb Atlw hnhmlwIg n p . Fm Ah{]khn IpnIv P\{`v Iev]nphm XpSn.

CXn AkpjvS \mbcmPmhv cmPys t{Xfnsemw \ymIqvAhXcnnWsav cmPimk\w (Xoqcw) ]pdsSphnp.CXn\mbn Atlw Xs

240 tmIfSnb "{ioIrjvWNcnXw.' F {Kw

cNnpIbpw AXn\v {]Nmcw \IpIbpw sNbvXp.

Ht c \y m c Xs Fm IYm]m{Xsfbpw"]Imw'sImv (AXmbXv Htc A`nt\{Xn HcpIYm]m{Xambn BSnb tijwASp \nanjw cmasIYm]m{Xambpw... As\amdn amdn A`n\bnp coXn)AhXcnnp coXnbmWvCXns \nhlWw.

temI[anbp w \mSy

[anbpw HptN CuIemcq]w Cv klrZb{ibmIjn t{ijvTambHmWv. am{Xa, IqSnbmwcwKv Hsms AhKWnsncp \ymcamvAlamb m\w e`nphm\pw hcpam\amKw sXfnbphm\pw Cu Iemcq]nsBhn`mhw klmbIambn

`hnpIbpw sNbvXp.

Htc \ym-c Xs- Fm IY-m-]m-{-X-s-fbpw "]I-mw' s-Im-v (Htc A -n-t\{-X-n Hc-p IY-m-]m-{-X-a-mbnBS-nb tijw AS-p \na-njw c-m-as- IY-m-]m-{-X-

a-m-bpw... As-\ a-md-n a-md-n A -n-\bn-p c-oX-n-) AhX-c-n- n-p c-oX-n-bmWv \ymIq -ns- \nhlWw.

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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Npg{io\mcmbW

Kpcp

tIihtZhv tIcfhahe

nbtImbnpcm

ChnIrjvW]n

tIkcn _meIrjvW]n

]ptcn\n

AX

pcm

tNe\mSvANypXtat\m

tPmkvapt

cn

Ipamc\mim

IpnrjvWamcm

ssISaebmfsaebmfamnbhcpsSssISI

B_w

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

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\me mv\mcmbWtat\ms]mIpw hn

FkvsIs]msmv

FBcmPcmPh

kmlnXy]m\

Pnicpdp vkzmXnXncp\

mXIgn

Dq

sshwaplZv_jo

ht m

sshtemnn

27


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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

28

PbPb tImaf tIcf[cWo

PbPb amaI]qPnXP\\oPb Pb Pb Pb Pb Pb P\\oP\\o amaItIcf[cWot{]aZamIpw {]aZh\wXmiymafkpcsapsS cmPywamtebn aWnI Xnfpwamae Xnpw amaIcmPywaebPioXfamcpXt\pwaebmfw lm! amaIcmPywIev]IXcp\nIc \ncpwIev]nX`qhmsWpsS cmPyw

IfIftamXnbnWnhcpsmcp

tIcfKm\w

t_-mt[iz-c(tIcfndhnv GXm|p \mev]Xphjw apv Hcp Ihn kz]v\w I|p ]mSnb hcnIfmWnh.kzmX{ ykacIme pw [mcmfw D]tbmKns Cu IhnX Hmw tIcfndhn Zn\ n,

Hmw tIcf \nbak`bpsS BZy tbmK n {]m\mKm\ambn Be]nsp.tIcfKm\ n \npw XncsSp Ipsd hcnIfmWv \np ImWmsX

]TnpsNmphm th|n ChnsS ho|pw {]knoIcnpXv)

kenekarw amaIcmPyw

PmXnaXmyaXmsaXnpwt_m[hn`mhnXsapsS cmPyw(Pb Pb)

]msemfnXqIpw ]qpIn NmpwtemeI hnekpw aebmfnN\aWnbpw NmcpIntimcI_pcampw aebmfnXpipIoIfIWvT\n\mZwXpw amaIaebmfnamaItamlw amaItKlwamaI\mIw amaIhnebw. (Pb Pb)

hc:tdmWntZhky

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

29

Hcp `q]Sn\v \ndw sImSpm F{X \nd thWw? Htc AXncpI ]nSp `mKv Htc \ndw hccpsX \n_\bpv.1852 ZnWm{ nbnse KWnXimkv{X\mbncp { mknkv Kp{Yo CtXpdnv Hcp{]kvXmh\ \Sn. "\mep \nd am{Xw D]tbmKnv ASpSp `mKv Htc \ndw hcmcoXnbn GXp `q]Sn\pw \ndw sImSpmIgnbpw." \mep\nd knmw(Four color theorem)F t]cn KWnXimkv{Xn CXv Gsd{]ikvXambn.

knmw icnbmsWpw sXmsWpw sXfnbnm {ianXv {Km^v Xnbdn F ]pXnb KWnXimkv{XimJbvp Xs hgnhp. `q]Shcpw \ndw sImSppw t\mnb HcmpwCu knms s]mfnm km[nn.Cu {]kvXmh\bvv Hcp sXfnhp sImSpm\mbn ]noSphcpsS {iaw. ]XnmpI]ecpw {iansnepw sXfnhp \Im BpwIgnn. AXn\v 1976 hsc Imncntn

hp. IyqdpIfpsS klmbt msS sIvBs, hp^vKmMv lms FnhtNmWv Ahkm\w CXns\mcp sXfnhv IsnbXv.

Cu knmw sXmsWv tXmpptm? Ipsd`q]S hcv AXn\v \ndw \In Hp {ianpt\mq. s]bnp t]mep tkm^vvshbdpID]tbmKnm {iaw IpsdqSn FfpamIpw.

F sI Fkv

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

29

Hcp `q]S n\vF{X \nd thWw?


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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

30

Bibhn\nabamWv `mjbpsSapJyeyw. DmcWw, en]nhn\ymkw, ]ZhmIy{]tbmK, Fnhsb kw_nv Fm `mjIfnepw Nne\nbafpv. AX, A{i apXembhsImv Ah ewLnsSptm`mj hnIeambnocpw. "R ]dbpXv P\n\pa\nemIppv; AXp [mcmfw aXn'F imTytmsS hmsamgnbpw hcsamgnbpw A]i sImp \ndbvphcpsS kwJy Cmep s]cpIn hcppv.

"\mbn FSpp tImbnsb Fdnp;\mbnbpw tImbnbpw IqSn hmbpbnNmSn' Fsmcm ]dm tIphp Imcyw a\nemIpw. AhnsS `mjacnpIbpw Bibw PohnpIbpw sNpp. `mjbpw Bibhpw ipambncnptmgmWv mj AXns ey{]m]vXnbn

hnPbnpXv."Hcp iw Aadnv, imkv{Xhn

[n{]Imcw, \hw {]tbmKnph\v

Nne DmcW NnIhd-n tKm]n-\m-Y]n

kzKnsetmse thsXmw qanbnepwInpw' Fv kwkvIrXn Hcp sNmpv. CXn\p kam\ambn "sXmbn Dcnph icnbmbn FgpXmdpan' FmWvssN\okv ]gsamgn.

aebmf mjbn {]NcnpsImncnpNne DmcW sshIey ]cntim[nmw.BZyw icnbmb ]Zhpw hebn AhbpsS hnIrtXmmcW cq]fpw sImSpncnpp.

kpJw (kpKw), ZpxJw (Zpw), \Jw (\Kw), taLw (taKw), cmLh (cmKh),LSIw (KSIw), `mcy( _mcy), `mhv(_mhv), `mcXw (_mcXw), `oa (_oa), [mXp(ZmXp), [\nI (Z\nI), LSIw(KSIw), tLmjbm{X (tKmjbm{X), hnNmcw(hnPmcw), aSb (aTb), hnZymn (hn[ymn), hnZym`ymkw(hnZy`ymkw), ]oU\w(]oV\w), KcpU (KcpV) Fns\\nch[n ]Z DmcW]oU\w A\p`

hnphbmWv.aebmfn Nne \mafpsS icnbmb

hc: kNo{ ImdUv

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

30


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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

31

cq]hpw AhbvsXnsc AhbpsShnItemmcWhpw en]nhn\ymkhpw Xmsgtpp.{Zu]Zn{Zu]Xnic{ic{h`v`mbn ]th`mbn ]t]tY ]mRvPen]tY ]mmenZmtamZcZmtam[chmcmWknhmcWmkn`mKhXw _mKhZw

DmcWnepw en]nhn\ymknepw GItZi kmayfpNne ]Zfpv.

hybmb Aysb AhHcbpw IqSnbmsWtmpI)hysbp hntijnn HcpkzmKX{]`mjIs IYtI

npv. Cu DmcWniIvB Aybvv F{XA]am\Icambncppshqlnmatm.

"AXnY n ' h nc ppImc\pw "AZnXn' tZhamXmhpamWv. "Av'Akv{Xhpw "A]v'Zbbpw. "Av',tbmKyXtbm am\y

Xtbm FtmmsX Av Fpcnm AYw amdpw. An\v tNmsdYw. "BImcw' cq]hpw "BKmcw' hoSpw,"Dtiw' GItZihpw, "Dtiyw' eyhpwIZ\w ZpxJhpw IY\w ]dnepw, JmZI`nph\pw JmXI Ipgnph\pw,LmXI sImebmfnbpw, JSw s]mnWdpw,LSw IpShpsav a\nemnbm DmcWnepw Fgpnepw sXpmIpIbn.

CXpt]mse Nne ]ZtPmUnI XmsgsmSpncnpXns AYhyXymkw {inpa\nempI.

Aw ]IpXnAw [\w, hmns s]mcpA\yYm ap {]ImcnA\yZm asmcnA]Xm\w Hcn\w hmXtcmKwt{]jI Ab Bt{]I ImWpht{]jnX Absh

t{]nX ImWsht{]jWwktiw, ]dbbv

t{]WwImgvNC\nbpw [mcmfapv Ccw]Z. ChbpsS DmcWn

DmIp ]nghpI hmpIfpsS Asbpw _m[n

pw. am{Xa Dnm

kwthZ\n\v IgnbmsXt]mIpIbpw sNpw.]ZmZnbn hcp K P

U Z _ b c e i FoAc FImcOmbtbmsS DcnWsapw,F ImcanmsX Fgp

XpIbpw thWsamWvaebmf hgw.

DmcWw FgptX hn[w

sKPw KPwsPew Pewsicn icnihw, i\n, in XpSnb ]

ZfpsS DmcWn\v Cu hn[nA]hmZamWv.

]Z m Z n b ns e "C 'b v v"F'bps Sbp w "D ' h n\ v"H'bpsSbpw DmcWamWvsamgnhgn anhmdpw DXv. Fm

am\I `mjbn CuDmcWcoXnb\pkcnv FgpXmdn

. Nne DZmlcW Xmsg sImSppp.am\IcoXn samgnhgwCShw FShwCe FehndIv shdIvXncsSpv sXcsSpvDv Hvêw, ênXw, ^Ww, êvKp\ apX

emb ]Zfnse "^' bpsS DmcWa^m, okv, t m, mj XpSnb ]Zfnse "^' bvv. Cwojnse F^nsDmcWamWpXv. Cu coXnbn aebmfnse enXhpw ehpw Dcnm AXvA]lmkyamIpw

\ aebmfn FgpXpXpt]mse \coXnbn Dcnm Zriyam[ya{]hIpw {]`mjIpw aSnbmWv. AhcpwA[ym]Icpw IqSn Aev]w {inm Ipd

sms Cp {]Nmcnep DmcWsshIeyw ]cnlcnm Ignbpw.

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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sImw I|h\vCw th|...

Nn{XoIcWw shn

tIcfnse Hcp ]gb {Kmaw. ]mhs Hcp {_mW aIfpsShnhmlw \nbnp . Nnehn\mtW ]Ww sXpan.sIm mc n sNv cmPmhns\ apJw ImWnp t\mmw. Fsnepw

klmbw Innbmtem? Abm Nnnp.

Atlw sImmcntepbm{Xbmbn..

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

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As\ {_mW sImsn.Cu ew sImmw. CjvSwt]mseDup]pcI, \rimeI, kwKoXkZpI.Atlw aXnadpt]mbn.

hbdp\ndsb kzmZnjvSamb WwIgnv, \rkwKoX kZpIfn Ibdnbndn Atlw asmw adv sImpXs Xmakamn.Xms\n\mWv ChnsS hsX Imcywt]mepw Abm adpt]mbn.

hnhmlZn\w ASpp. {_mW honXncns nbnn. hopImcpw _pfpwBibnembn.Nne {_mWs\ Xncv bm{XXncnp.

As\ Ah sImpw Fn.At\zjWsmSphn Ah Atls Hcp Dup]pcbn I|papn.

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

33


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35/52

Hcp hwIfnbpsS Hmabvv...

1952BKv amknse Hcp sXfn Dt\cw. Av Bepg\nhmknIv Dhambncpp. CybpsS Ghpw {]nbs t\Xmhv,hniz]uc\mb Phlem s\lvdp XfpsS hwIfn ImWm hcpp. \mpImAXypkmltmsS Imbcbntev HgpInsbn \ndp. kabambn! t]meokvPmKXbnemIpp. AdnbnpI apgn! t]meokvt_mpIfpsS AISnbn PecneqsS Hcp henb t_mv {]uVntbmsS \onhcnIbmbn. AXn AXm shJZ sXmn [cnv amdnsemcp sN\o]qhpambn Fgptp NncnpsImp ssIhoip {]nbXcamb B cq]w! ]WvUnv Io Pbv! PbtLmj sImv ImbocwCcn. IqsS Cncm {]nbZin\nbpv. anSpcmb cv BIpnIfpapv. P\

Ahsctbhscbpw

BmZtmsS kzmKXwsNbvXp. s\XnaWnItImpmnb lmcws\lvdphn\v AWnbnsp. Cncbvpw IpnIpsamw s\WnIsImpw IIsImpw\nan km\ \Isp. ]noSv tbmK\S]SnI Bcw`np. AXn\p

tijanXm hwIfn XpSppsh ASbmfshSnapgpp! AXm Fph Hnv BthitmsSacnv AXnthKw XpgpaptdpIbmWv. ImWnIBphnfnpw ssIbSnpw

Ahsc t{]mmlnnpp. DXvIWvTbpsSbpw Bthinsbpw aplqamWXv.h Hmtcmmbn aptdpp. ]nnemhpp. ]nnembh hopw apnsepp. ImWnIfpsS Bchw Dbncpp. AXm HSphn Ghpw apnsepXv \Sp`mKw Np\mWv! AXypnep BmZmchfpw hmZytLmjfpw ]Sw s]mnepambn Hmwm\msc FXntcpIbmWv. Fgptp\nv ssIhoinbpwssIbSnpw Phlem s\lvdphpw AhtcmsSmw BmZnpIbmWv.km\Zm\w IgntXmsS hfpsS sshZKv[y{]IS\ambn. IpnIsfmfpwDmltmsS s\lvdp thZnbn \nndn Hscm Hmw. kpcm`Sm ActmsS ]nmse ]mspw apv AtlaXm NmSn shnendpp. IShn\cnInsenb \Sp`mKw Np\ntev NpdpNpdptmsS NmSnbdpp! P\ IWvTws]mpamdv Pbmchw apgpp. Xpg ssIbnseSppsImv {][m\a{n Av hnmns\mv Xmfw Nhnnbt{X! CybpsS B Ghpw henb IpnbpsS BmZnsHmabvv ]noSv B hwIfnbpsS t{Sm^n s\lvdpt{Sm^nbmbn \maIcWw sNsp.

tIcfns X\Xp IfnbmWv hwIfn. sabvcppw sshZKv[yhpw sabvhghpw]cnioe\hpw Xmf\nbhpw Iebpw Ifnbpsamw HptNcp Hcp Dhw.

hc: sI kp[ojv

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

35

kpKX-Ipamcn


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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

36

\ FPn\obdpw tUmdpamIm\pw

aebmfw ]TnWwFkv inhZ-mkv

""amamF\nsmcp\FPn\obdmIWw.AXn\v \mbn

IWpwkbkpwRm]Tnppv.CwojvaoUnb

nemWv ]T\w.BRms\ n\mWv aebmfhpw]TnpXv?Hcp

{]tbmP\hpwCmHcp]WnbtAXv?shdptXRsft m

epIpnIfpsSXebnIqSpX`mcwhenphbvp]Wn?''

"HcpCwojpImmcn'tZjysvFgpXnbncnpIpItm?AXphmbntmamaAdnbms

XIppnamjns{]ikvX

ambBhcnIHmp:

"P\nptmsXmsI

Cwojp]dbWw

AXn\m`mcyXt]d

nwnemnRm!''

]cnlmkw\ndBIhnXbnAev]wimkv{Xapv.P\np

tmapXCwnHcpIpnhfm,Cwojpam{XwtIphf

m,As\IpnbpsSamXr`mjCwojmbm,Ipn\mbn

Cwojv ]dbpw.ssIImcywsNpw.CwojnXsNn npIbpw

sNpw.]tamjv adpt]mbHcpImcy

apv.t]dpam{XwCwnemn

bmt]mcm!ACwnXsIpnbpambnXmaknWw

(AsnIpnsbCwnhfmhnnpt]mcWw).Cw

naebmfnbmbAbvvHpXmaknmhsn`m

hns\bpwCwntephcpWw.`mcybpw`mhpwaebmfw

anpIbpacpXv.CwojnanpIbpwthWw!

C\nImmcnpo,\appImcyntepISmw.\FPn

\obdmIm\pwimkv{XbmIm\pwtUmIvSdmIm\pw\mbn`mj

ssIImcywsNm\dnbWw.amXr`mjbmbaebmfw\mbn

]Tnmap`mjI\mbn]Tnm\pIgnhpwt\Spw.amXr`mj

sNdp nASnbpdp]Tn v `mjm]T\ nsASndicnbm

Ww.`mjssIImcywsNm\pIgnhpIqWw.BZywkwkmcn

m\pIgnhmWv hftXv.Fs\? kwkmcnpkwkmcn v

kwkmctijnhfWw.AXphonemWpXpStXv.A\pw

Abpwanm`qXfmbnSnhnpapnencpmIpnbpwkwkm

ctijnhfcmsX`mjm]T\ n]ntmpt]mIpw.

kwkmctmsSm vBkzmZ\tijnbpwhfcpw,hfWw.sNdp

nXs[mcmfwIYItIphfcWw.IpnmpIhmbnpw

hfcWw.As\`mjbpsSckwB

kzZnmIgnbWw.Cs\

`mjbnapnsmnhfcpIpnv `mjNmXnbmIpw.s]m

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

36


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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

37

bmIpw.FgppwckapIfnbmIpw.FgpXm\pwhmbnm\pw]TnptXmsS]cklmbanmsX]pkvXIhmbnmIgnbpw.AtXmsSApXIcambAdnhnsbpwB\ nsbpw ]mcmhmc ntev`mjsbtXmWnbnDmkbm{XXpSpwIpn. CsXmskzw`mjbnam{Xtaicnbmbn\SmIgnbq.

As\Bibhn\nabtijnbpwBkzmZ\tijnbpw{KlWtijnbpwhfpIgnIpnv]nsFpwFfpw]Tnm]pw.kbknsebpwIWnsebpwKpkpIfpwFfpw{Klnm\mIpw. Cwojpw\mbn]Tnm\mIpw. Hcp`mj icnp]Tnm]nsap `mjI]TnpIFfpamIpw. \psSCwojvaoUnbwkvIqfpIfn]TnpIpnIfnhenbHcphn`mK n\vCwojpwAdnbn;aebmfhpwAdnbn.ImcWwapIfn]dXmWv. BZywHcp `mjicnp]Tnn.amXr`mjDdn. DdbvmBASndbnepdnpCwojpwIWpsampw]noSvDdbvn; Ddv.

temIw apgphIpnIAhcpsSamXr`mjbnemWvkvIqhnZym`ymkw\SpXv.IqsSap `mjI]Tnpsapam{Xw. A]hmZDv. ]t`qcn]hpwCs\bmWp]TnpXv. {^mkn{^p`mjbn;ssN\bnssN\okv`mjbnepw. AhnsSsbms \FPn\obamcpwtUmamcpwCt?Dv.Atm\FPn\obtdmtUmtdm\gvtkmIyqhnZKv[t\msFn sSIv\ojyt\mimkv{Xt\mBIm`mjmsshZKv[ywAXymhiyamWv.amXr`mjmsshZKv[yanmbmvicnbmbCwojv`mjmsshZKv[yw e nmFfphpa.AXpsImpXsk

bkvD]cn]T\ ns\SpmB{Klnphcpw`mjm]T\ nXm]cyw]peWw.aebmf]T\wsNdpwapX\mbn\SpIbpwthWw.

hc: A\nj Xn

\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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Xfncv \hw_ 2012

38

Fhn-sS-bmSo \ns Xn]pdw?

Ipnamfp hon X\nmbncpp. `mhv tImtemv Imhen\p t]mbncnpIbmWv.cm{Xn Iamcmscnepw hcptam?

]cn{`anncns ]pcpdp\nv FtmH tIp. I\mbncnptam?

ss[cyw kw`cnv themct\mSp

]dbp an Ippamfp hnfnp]dp.

""FSm ]mcm, Xn]pdp h]Wsn ]qnbnt \o InSXv?\ns adhn Cncn IqSpp...'' ]pcpdncnp I\v ktmjambn.

]Wsn apIfnep tm.I A\mXncpp. Ipnam

fphpw ImtXmncpp.hopIm Ddamsbpdmb

tm I HmSp s]mfnv Xn]pdtv Hmw!t\tc Xmgsnbtmgt A]

ISw a\nembXv.B hoSn\v Xn]pdw Dmbncpn.\SpshmSn I {]mp]nSnv

Aedn.""FhnsSbmSo \ns Xn]pdw?''

38

]g-s--m-Y-I]p\cm-Jym\wx c-ma-Ir-jvW Ipa-c-\q

DXp ]d-mIn-bn

HcnSv Hcp apnbpmbncpp. Ahv Hcp It Dmbncppq.

Hbvp Xmaknp AhvHcp themc\pv. hmsbSpmthemc \pWtb ]dbq. Ahs\smv apn icnpw tXmp.

apn Ahs\ Fpw D]tZinpw."Hcnepw \pW]dbcpXv. icn

hc: kNo{ ImdUv

Xfncv \hw_ 2012

38


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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

3939

]dmepw ]ns BfpI hnizknn.''D]tZi Ah Hcp sNhnbneqsS tIv adpsNhnbneqsS hnp.Hcp Znhkw Dbvv Inp kabambtm Ah apnbpsS ASpsn.

Fnv Dds hnfnp ]dp.""Hn, In Xm''CXptIv IenIbdnb apn NpIw sImv Ahs\mp sImSpp. ]nsbpw

ASnmt\mnbtm Ah HmSn.HmSptm hnfnp]dbppmbncpp,"I Xp]dm Inbn Fv

Ctm a\nemtbm?'

Hcp tImgnIqIm-\n-m- -Xn-\m

t\cw ]pecm-Xn-cn-ptam?

Bcpanm B Aqbvv tImgn

hfembncpp ]Wn. tImgnI \mSmsI NnncnbpwsImnnpw \Sp.""ieyapmhmsX t\mtW.'' BfpI ]dp.

""Fs tImgnbnsn Atmgdnbmw hnhcw.''Aq ]dp.tImgnIsfsmv \mpImv ieyw klnhmXmbn.Ah hopw ]dp.""tImgnIsf Cs\ AgnphnScpXv. {intW.'']cmXn tIpaSp Aq \mpImsc Hcp ]mTw ]Tnnphm Xs

Xocpam\np.Hcp Znhkw cmhnse BtcmSpw ]dbmsX tImgnIsfbpw sImv Ah

\mSphnp. \mpIm Ccpn InSs Fp hnNmcnmWv t]mbXv.Ipdp Znhkw Igntm \mn \np h IppWymsc Aq Ip.IppWymtcmSv kzImcyambn Aq tNmZnp

""Ccpp InSv \mpImscms hnjanppmhpw At? Fs tImgosSshe FmsWv a\nembnpmhpw Ctm...''

IppWymcv Awhnp \np.""Ccpv _pnaptm? GXncvv...''""Fs ]qhtImgn IqhtWmt AhvsS t\cw shfvWXv. AXns\

Rm\nv sImtmntey. t\cw shfnmhmv Btfzmfv shjanWXns\ymRm tNmZnXv.''

""Hcp tImgn IqIm\nmXn\m t\cw ]pecmXncnptam?''

AqbpsS hnUvVntamv IppWymcv NncnpNncnv apIn.

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IqpImtc, \nv]mp ]mSm\nat?KmbIscmpasnepw ktmjwhcptm \msams aqfnmp]mSmdptm. "Imt ImtIqsShnsS' F ]mp tImhcpw]mSmhcpw Npcpambncnpw At?"sImeshdn' F ]mv CwojnBbnpt]mepw F{X s]smWv \lrZnamnbXv !!! Ffpn,

Xmfn ]mSm]p Ccw ]mpIHmpshm\pw ]mSnt\mm\pw FmhpwCambncnpw. IWvAXpt]mse Xs CamtWm? Asp ]dbpGsd t] ImWpw.

Hcp Znhkw IWp]Tnnp Somn hp ]mp]mSn IWp ]dpXmtem? FmhpwktmjambncnpwAt? ]mneqsS IWp]dm, \nfpw lmn,

Sodpw lmn.!!!Soampw

IpnIpwFfpn ]Tnm\pwHmsSpm\pw]p Xcn Ccw]mpIfpw ]Zyfpw hfsc]pImew apXtDmbncpp. IqSmsXISYIfpw IpkrXn

tmZyfpw Hs IWp]T\s ]mmbkamnbncpp.DZmlcWn\v: ]dp t]mIp

Hcp ]ntbmSv Ipn tNmZnpp,"\n F{X t]cpv?" Atm]n Dcw ]dbpp "Rfpw,Rfpw, Rfn ]mXnbpw, ]mXnbn]mXnbpw \obpw Iqnbm \qdvFmWv. KWnXimkv{X kahmIynAhXcnnm Cu {]iv\s

]mpw ]mSn IWp ]Tnmw....Dtajv ]n

x

2 +x

4 +1 =100x + x+

hc: kXojv sI

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Fp ]dbmw. Fm IYmcq]nAhXcnn IWv Fmhscbpw BIjnpXn\p ]pdta Hmp shbvm\pw BkzZnphm\pw ]pw. am{Xa,kahmIy Adnnsn IqSntNmZyv Dcw Ip]nSnm\p Ipdpp hgnIfpw CcwtmIfn Hfnnp shnpv.

\mw \nXy PohnXn D]tbmKnp IWpIsf efnXambn AhXcnnp Xmfntbme {Kfpw \appmbncpp. Ccnep {]ikvXamb Hcp {KamWv IWpkmcw.XmfntbmeIfn FgpXs Cu {Kw]noSv ]pkvXIcq]nemnbnpv.

IWpkmcnse Hcp ]Zy{]iv\w{inq.

N\sap]Wn\p]e

ancn]p InpamInetlmCtmgp ]Wns\{X ]ewInpsap ]dI ktJ!

ChnsS ]ew FXv ]gb ImesHcp Afhns\ kqNnnpp. Fp]Wn\v Ccp]p ]ew InpsanAp ]Wn\v F{X ]ew Inpw?FmWv hcnI kqNnnp\Xv.AXmbXv 15 ]ew.

x, x =8

25=

5 5 x 25

8= 15.625

asmcp ]Zyw t\mmwGgn s]cponcn]pcnIngn hns\ hnapmwhns Goncn]pcnIngnntSgmeXp hatm.

ChnsS \ km[mcW ]dbmdpXpt]mse hrs hw Fp hnfnpp,

hnw Fm hrnshymkw BWv.AXmbXv 7 s]cpov (KpWnnv)Ccp]ncn Ingnm ( 22 sImvlcnm) hrns hymkw Inpw.(22/7 FXv F hnJymXamb KWnXkwJybpsS GItZi aqeyamWv)

hw (Npfhv) = 22/7 x hnw (hymkw)hnw (hymkw) = 7/22 x hw (Npf

hv)Ccw tmIfpw ]Zyfpw

DmsXv \psS IyqdpwCs\pw Fn\v ]pkvXIt]mepw DmIpXn\v apmWv.kwkvIrXnepw ]gb Npp]mSnepwFgpXs Ch ]pXnb XeapdbnsIqpImv a\nemm Nnetm_pnapmbncnpw. ImWmsX]Tntp ]mT`mKImen\\pkcnv ]Zycq]nemnbm]T\w Gsd ckIcamtbs\!!!

]dp t]mIp Hcp ]ntbmSv IpntNmZnpp, "\n F{Xt]cp|v ?" Atm ]n Dcw]dbpp "Rfpw, Rfpw,Rfn ]mXnbpw, ]mXnbn ]mXnbpw\obpw Iqnbm \qdv '

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kpKX-Ipamcn

Atbm-[-ybn-se

_mlp-I

37

Atm \f\v Fp kw`hnp?Zabnsb hnv {`ms\tmseHmSnt mb \f sImSpwImn AepXncnbth Hcp apdhnfntIp. "\fm, HmSnhctW, cntW" Fsmcp hnfn!AZv`pXtmsS t\mnbtm HcnSpImpXo FcnbpXp Ip. Xs t]cphnfnp cbmNnpXv Bscpt\mnbtm AXm Xobnsv Dgep Hcp h]mns\ Ip. "t]Sntm!" Fp ]dpsImv AntZhs hcknnbp \f Xobvpn ISpsNv ]mns\ FSpp

]pdpsImphp InSn. "\fcmPmth, \n. Rm ImtmSIs\alm\mKamWv. Fs cnXn\v RmAbvv D]Imcw sNmw. kzwImeSnI Fnsmv ]Sn \SpI." Fnsmp ]Sn \SbpSImtmSI \fs\ {Iqcambn Zwinp.]mpISntbbpS \f BsI Idpp

hnIrX\mbn, s]mw Ipdh\mbnamdn! "FpsImns\?" Fc\ft\mSv kw ]dp. "\f, RmAsb klmbnpIbmWv. Cu ISnbpsS hnjtav AbpsS Dn adncnp Hcph \odnsmncnpw.am{Xa Asb Bcpw IpsdImetp XncndnbpIbpan. \f,t\tc Atbm[ym\Kcnbntep t]mbnEXp]WcmPmhns kqX\mbn _mlp

I F t]cn AhnsS ]mpI.Abvv `mcym]p{XmZnIsfbpw cmPy

sbpw XncnpInpIXs sNpw. CXmCu Znhyhkv{Xw kqnpI. FskvacnpsImv CXpSpm kzcq]w aSnnpw. Hcp tJZhpw th. t]mbmepw."

ImtmSIs\ hnv \f Atbm[ybntep ]pdsp. ]p Znhkw\Sp XfmWv \f Atbm[ym]pcnbnsenbXv. A\phmZw hmn cmPkn[nbnsenb Ah EXp]WcmPmhnt\mSvAt]np. "Rm _mlpI. Asbtkhnp ]mm F\nv AhkcwXcnI." apnhp hnp \np

Ip\pw hnIrXcq]nbpamb Aht\mSv"\n\v Fp sXmgnednbmw?" FpcmPmhp tNmZnp. \f ]dp. "Xpcmt\, Rm kqX\mWv, AizinmhnZKv[\mWv. t]mscn ]mNInepwkaY\mWv. Fp tPmen XmepwRm\Xp tIaambn sNbvXp Imnsmmw."

"t\ms, \ns anSpv..." cmPmhp]dp. "Fs IpXncIv thKwt]mcm. F\nmsWn io{LKXnbmWp {]nbw. hmjvtWb, Pohe Fp cp IpXncmcps\nv._mlpI, \o AhcpsS taemfmbn hmgpI.\qdp s]m \mWbamWv ifw."

_mlpI cmPmhns\ hWn X\n\phZn ]mnSntep t]mbn. AhnsS Xs ]gb tXcmfnI XsXncndnbpn. \f _mlpIcq]nbmbnAhtcmsSmw ]mp t]mp.

tPmensbmw Xov cm{XnbmIp

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hc: Ptb{

(XpScpw)

tm _mlpI Nnbnemp aqI\mbncnpw. akzcn Cs\sNmnpSpw "lm, sImSpwImnt]Snv hnip Xfv B ]mhwFpsNbvXpthm? aqV\mb Hcph\nanw, IjvSw, Ah F{Xb[nIw

IjvSsSppmhpw!"CXptI Pohe Hcp\m tNmZnp."_mlpI, BcmWh? BscnbmWv

\o Fpans\ hne]npXv?"_mlpI ]dp. "Hcph\v {]nb

s ]Xv\nbmbn Hcphfpmbncpp.Ah IjvSImew sImp th]ncnp.Aht\m Ahsf Hmp X]npp.tXmg, sImSpw Imn ZpjvSarKnS

bns] Ahv Fp kw`hnpthm!Fnepw Ah ]Xn{hXbpw _pnaXnbpamWv, Cuizc`nbphfmWv.Ahv B]smpw hcnIbnXs C\n Fp ImWptam B at\mlc apJw? Fp tIptam B a[pcsamgnI!" Zp:Jn apgpIp _mlpIs\PohehmjvtWbm Bizknnm{ianpIbmbn.

ZabnbpsS ]nXmhmb òacmPmhv

Dmb kw`hsfmadnv Zp:JnX\mbn \fZabnamsc Xncbphm\m\m`mKtpw ZqXsc Abp. hnZKv[cmb {_mW \m\mtZifnepwcmPsImmcfnepw At\zjnp \Sth Ahcn kptZh Fsmcp{_mW tNZncmPyv sImmcnsen. AhnsS cmPIpamcnbmb kp\sbImWm A\paXn hmn AIpsN{_mW\v cmPIpamcnbpsS tXmgnamcpsS ]nn adp\np Hcphsf

\{XnSbn Imdp aqSnb Xnsft]mse ImWmbn. HpIqSn t\mnbtm hmSnb Xmacqhpt]mep apJw,hnSp \o XmacpI, Idpphf ]pcnI, IcnwImdpt]mepXeapSnmv Aekambnncnpp.AemcanmsX B`cWanmsX Hcpkm[mcW hkv{Xm DSepw incpwaqSn amdn\np B oWnXbmbIrimwKnsbv kptZh hopw

hopw t\mn. "Ch XsbtbmòacmP ]p{Xn? amv C{X hninjvSamb Hcp cq]w ssIhcpw! ]t ChfpsS s\nSn cmPmhp ]dB hntijs adpIv ImWpntm.Fnepw tNmZnpIfbmw." kptZhcmPIpamcnsb hnnv amdn \npZmkothj[mcnWnbpsS ASpsnhnv "òacmP ]p{Xo, h\w, Rm\ns ]nXmhb kptZh{_mW.

tZho \ns Ippfpw A\amcpwkpJambncnpp." Fp ]dp.,hc: Ptb{

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ImWmmgvNIfpsSbm{Xm]pkvXIw

Ipn- m-fns tIcf ]cyS\wcN\: F ]n lm^nkv aplZvNn{XoIcWw: kNo{ ImdUv{]km[\w : tIcf kwm\ _mekmlnXy Cnyqvhne :`170/-

"Ipnmfns tIcf ]cyS\w' Hcpbm{Xm]pkvXIamW,v bm{XmhnhcWa. bm{Xbnse ImgvNI CXnepv.Fm ImWmmgvNIfmWv Gsd. Ipnmfw AXneqsS kzw \mSns\, tIcfs

IspIbmWv. \mSv Fm \meXncpID qhn`mKw am{Xa, AXv Hcp kwkvImcamWv; {]IrXnbmWv. AXn PohnXapv.PohPmefpv. HmPp kaqlapv.AXpsImv AXns\mcp ham\ImehpwIY]dbp qXImehpapv. AXdnpkmcamWnXv. tIcfw Fs\ CstIcfambn F At\z jWw. \sf\fmnbXv \f Fpw \app aptPohnpt]mbh Imp h kwkvImchpw

ss]XrIhpamsW t_m[yn Ipnmft msSmw hmb\mcpw Fnt cpp._mknw, bmcn, Xm\nb, AXp, sk\,

Bbnj, anb, kbp, lmjnb, s^Zp, AeFnhcmWv Ipnmfw. Ipnmfs\bnpXv F ]n lm^nkv aplZv,{KImhv.

Ccp]nbv CSfpsS Ccp]nbvA[ymb. Ipnmfw kcnpXvAhbneqsSbmWv. ]pcmhr, Ncn{XkvamcI, amp hgnh {]m\, X\nabm IeI, IemImcm,kmlnXyn\v kzXzw \Inbh, Bcm[\meb, {]IrXn XpSnbh Isnsmp bm{XIfmWnXv. IpnmfwImgvNI ImWpp. ]ckv]cw AdnhpI]pshpp. aphcn \nv hnhctNmZndnbpp. AdnbpsXms hniIe\w sNpp.

kaXzhpw NqjWanmbvabpw ]pecptemIspdnp kz]v\kn`amb k

ev]amWv \psS HmWw. Ncn{Xsmaebmfnsb kzm[o\n ]pcmhramWvalm_enbpsS IY. B IY ]dpsImmWv Ipnmfs lm^nkv tIcf]cyS\n\v kampXv.

apkncnkns ]SnhmXn, sImnbnsePqXscphv, Cybnse BZys apkvenw]n, \psS \mnse ss{IkvXh FoAymbfn Ipnmfw Ncn{XnstijnpIfneqsS \Sp \opIbmWv.

\psS \mSv ]papX Xs F{Xam{Xw

P\p

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bY-m km\wAv Aphn\v]Xnhne[nIwDmlambncpp. AhfpsS PZn\amWv.AXncmhnse XsbpWv Ipfnv t{Xnt]mbn. Ah ImncpXv AhfpsS heymh\pthnbmWv. Xm \smcphmb\mcnbmbncpXn\m \ \ ]pkvXI Xs Amhkm\npw. DtbmSpIqSnAmhs\n. km\wAhp \In. Fm{]XonncpXpt]mse]pkvXIsfmpambncpn km\w. ]Icw

]eXcw hnpIfmbncpp.Aphn\v \t hnjawtXmn. hne]nSnphkv{Xtfm atm HpwXm B{Klnncpntm! Fnpw Amh\InbXv shdpw hnpIfmWtm!Aphns apJs\ockw s]sp Xs

Amh\p t_myambn.

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CfwXfncntev cN\I Abq.km\ t\Sq...

\nfpsS IYIfpw IhnXIfpw kpKXIpamcn SodnsXncp epItfmsSbmWv {]knoIcnpXv.

taL-w

Imv acn

tXmp. taLwIfnbmn Nncnp. Imn\vtZjyw hp. ImvtaLs H Dv. taLwHmSntbmSntmbn. Ahkm\w Impw taLhpwamaebpsS ASpsn."amaeamam ... amaeamamcntW.... cntW...' amae Imns\ XS

p \nn. taLstatemp hnp. Imv inbmbn hoim XpSn.taLw sNm\pw XpSn,agbmbn.

kqc-y bq s-I,mv 2 F,Pn F ]n Fkv knbq Imkv,

tXnmew ]n H,aepdw

Amh ImcWw Xncn.""F\np ]pkvXIfmWnw. [mcmfw AdnhpIe`npw. As\bpkabv sNSnIfpw apw]cnNcnncpmtem?''

Ap ]dXptIv HcpsNdpNncntbmsS Amh]dp. ""Ap, \\ ]pkvXI hmbnpXpsImp am{XwAdnhp kzmbammIgnbn. adnv Ah PohnXn {]mhnIampIbpw thWw. ApBtKmfXm]\s pdnv

hmbnnnt? FmWXv?''""Acon lcnXKrl{]`mhw DmhpIbpwXm]\ne AanXambn

h[npIbpw sNptmgmWv BtKmfXm]\wDmIpX,v'' Ap]dp.""AtX; CsXms Adnhmbn am{Xw hncpm aXntbm? [mcmfwZqjyhifpmpBtKmfXm]\s XSbt? AXns\ms

hrfpw sNSnIfpwBhiyamWv. tamv a\nemhpptm?''""Xobmbpw. CXp Xs

bmsWs bYmkm\w. `qansbpdndnm am{Xw t]mcm,AXns\ \mw kwcnpIbpw thWw? Ap, Bhnns\ ASnnSnpsImp ]dp.''

BcX-n \mb P-n B,mv +1 kbkv,tImln Pn Pn F vFkv Fkv,Xncph\]pcw

hc:tKm]p]nd

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thkma{KnI

ImUv t], ISemkpsImpmnb

hWao\pI,I{XnI

Printed and Published by Prof. Thumpamon Thomas for the Kerala State Institute of Childrens Literature,

Thiruvananthapuram, Ph: 2333790.

Typest and Graphics: Thaliru Graphics, Printed at St Josephs Press, Thiruvananthapuram.

50

D|mmw

ISensehWao\pIAchnv Kp]vX

HnShn \mSIsf]ntmp henvNn{Xn ImWp

t]mse aSWw.

ImUv ]IpXnbmbn aSpIHmtcm sknao CShnv XcwKcq]n apdnpI.

1

2

\mSI Ctm ISense XncIt]mse tXmpw..

3

CXn\nSbn ISemkp sImpmnb hao\pIsf HnphbvpI

4

ISen\op ao\pI CXm

\npap]n...

5 sFkv{Iowkv]qWpIsImv NqSpmn\op ao\pIsf AXn\pnempIbpw

Bhmw..


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\hw_ 2012 Xfncv

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Hmtcm kvIqfnsebpw ] phcnmcnepw Hcmp hoXw km\w..

Xfncn\v 100 hcnmcp kvIqfpIfn 10 km\!

10 hcnmcp kvIqfpIpw hmb\mimeIpwav m]\pw ac n ]sSpmw...

500 cq]bpsS ]pkvXIq km\w.tIcf nse {]apJ ]pkvXIimeIfn \npw Cu Iq Wp]tbmKnv

500 cq]bpsS CjvS]pkvXI kzammw..

2012 P\phcn apX Unkw_ hscbp esfBkv]Zamnbmbncnpw tNmZy.

Chs-c-tmtmC-u t]mIpt?

Ah Xfnc-v hmb\m-a-c--n ]s--S-pmt]mIphm? 500 c-q]bps-S]pkvX-Ifm k-m-\w..

H-p \n-n-t.....F\n-n-d-Ww..

tM...?

\osbtmmFs--q-S-ms-X?

R-m\pw Xfnc-v hmb\m-a-c--n]s--S-pm t]mIphm...F\npw thWw500c-q-]bps-S ]pkvX-I..-!-!

Xfncvhmb\macw2013 P\phcnbn


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_mekmlnXy Cnyqv ]pkvXI FhnsSsbms Inpw?$ Xncph\ ]pcs _mekmlnXy

Cnyqv Hm oknse hnev]\ime$ tIcf _pIv amv imJI,

{]Zi\ hml\

$ tIcf kmlnXy AmZan, Xriq

$ Unkn_pIvkv/Idv _pIvkv imJI

$ tIcf nse ap {]apJ ]pkvXIimeI

DX\nehmcw ]pe p, anXambhnebp _mekmlnXy Cnyqv ]pkvXI,

Xfncv amknI Fnhv hfscb[nIw Bhiymcpv.]pkvXIhnXcW n Xm]cyhpw ap]cnNbhpw DhscCnyqns skbnkv s{]mtam BIm Wnpp.

hniZhnhcpw At] md n\pwX]men ]pkvXI e`nm\pw FgpXpI.

UbdIvS,tIcf kwm\ _mekmlnXy Cnyqv,

]mfbw, Xncph\ ]pcw 34

IpnIp]pkvXIfpwXfncv amknIbpw

{]Ncn npXn]mfnbmIq...

_mekmlnXy Cnyqvskbnkv

s{]mtamamcmIq...

Licensed to post without prepayment under no. KL TV (N) WPP/11/2012-2014

Thaliru (monthly)Childrens Magazine NOVEMBER 2012

Vol:18, Issue:11 `10RNI No. 20076/70Regd KL/TV (N)/399/2012-2014

Thaliru Nov 2012 Web

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Transcript of Thaliru Nov 2012 Web