Thailand – Pacific Island Countries Forum (TPIF) Dr. Wimonkan Kosumas August 9, 2014 The Sukosol,...
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Transcript of Thailand – Pacific Island Countries Forum (TPIF) Dr. Wimonkan Kosumas August 9, 2014 The Sukosol,...
Thailand – Pacific Island Countries Forum (TPIF)
Dr. Wimonkan KosumasAugust 9, 2014The Sukosol, Bangkok, Thailand
Constitution of enterprises by size
0.1 %
0.9 %
5 - 10 %
20 %
65 - 75 %
Corporate and multinationals
Large enterprises
Medium enterprises
Small enterprises
Micro enterprises
Source: IFC, 2009.Note: Percentage represent the number of companies.
SMEs
Typology of SMEs by market and technology
CottageEnterprise
s
DomesticMarket – oriented
Enterprises
SupportingEnterprise
s
Export – oriented
Enterprises
LowTech
HighTech
Domestic / LocalMarket
Export
Source: Uchikawa and Keola, 2009.
SMEs
Simplified SME life cycle
Profit
Loss
Years
Start-up
Pick-up
Growth
MaturityDecline
Exit
Grow to large firm
Note: The arrows indicate that different types of support are needed at the different life stages.
SMEs
Why SMEs are important?
SMEs are “Backbone” of the economy.
Create jobs and employment Supplier of large firm Diversify economy Income distribution Providing low-price products for the underprivileged Innovation
SMEs
Entrepreneurial activity in selected Asia-Pacific countries
Nascent entrepreneurs
hip rate
New business
ownership rate
Early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA)
Factor - driven economies Bangladesh 7.1 7.1 12.8
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
10.8 3.9 14.5
Pakistan 7.5 1.7 9.1
Average (unweighted)
9 4.8 13.4
Efficiency – driven economies China 10.1 14.2 24.0
Malaysia 2.5 2.5 4.9
Russian Federation 2.4 2.3 4.6
Thailand 8.3 12.2 19.5
Turkey 6.3 6.0 11.9
Average (unweighted)
8.4 5.9 14.1
Nascent entrepreneurs
hip rate
New business
ownership rate
Early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA)
Innovation - driven economies Australia 6.0 4.7 10.5
Japan 3.3 2.0 5.2
Republic of Korea 2.9 5.1 7.8
Singapore 3.8 2.8 6.6
Taiwan Province of China
3.6 4.4 7.9
Average (unweighted)
4.0 3.0 6.9
Entrepreneurial activity in selected Asia-Pacific countries (Cont.)
Source: GEM, 2012.
How SME fits into global supply chains:
Source: UNIDO, 2001.
Fourth tier Supplier
(SME)
Fourth tier Supplier
(SME)
Third tier Supplier
(SME)
Third tier Supplier
(SME)
Third tier Supplier
(large firm)
Second tier Supplier
(SME)
Second tier Supplier
(large firm)
First tier Supplier(large firm,
perhaps TNC)
First tier Supplier
(large firm)
Original equipment
manufacturer(large firm,
perhaps TNC)
SMEs
Type of SME internationalization
Internationalized firms
Born Global
Foreign suppliers Foreign subsidiaries Joint-Research Joint-Marketing FDI Export Born Joint-Venture
Consultancy Services Lab + Testing Legal Firms Software
SME Internationalization
International Business Culture
Foreign Partners
ExportMarket
Investment
Technology
Joint Venture
Foreign Direct Investment
TechnologyTransfer
ReverseEngineering
Website / E-mail
InternationalCustomerRelations
Trade Fair
Participation
OverseaSale
RepresentativeOffice
Consultancy
InternationalAssociation
Membership
SMEs InternationalizationStructure
Number of SMEs Number of SMEs
Number of Activities
Overall image of SMEs Internationalization
Type ADomestic SMEs
Type BGo-global SMEs
International Standard Management
Overseas Representative Office
Export
Learning and Understanding International
Business Culture
Difficulty of Activities
InvestmentAbroad
Comply to International Standards and Practices
Foreigner Business Partners- Joint Venture- Import Technologies- Employ Foreign Experts and/or Workers
International / Regional Supply Chain management- Sourcing raw materials from local resources- Produce goods / services to be used as parts / components in oversea parent company
AgricultureRaw Materials
Organic ProductsGreen and Clean Processed FoodCertified and Standard Guaranteed ProductsProcessed Food
Ready to eat
Part & Component ProductionAssembly
Reverse Engineering
Innovative R&D- High Technology Gadget- High Technology Equipment
Electronics
Oil Vegetable Oil
Raw MaterialsVegetable oils
Oil for secondary industry
Cosmetics / Pharmaceuti
cals
Chemical[Plastic]
Tourist and Related Industry
Tourist Guide / Sevounir / Restaurant
Tour Package / Rental Services
Halal Tourism / Performing ArtsEnvironmental Tour
Health Care
Hospital / Clinic/ Medical Tourism / Medical Hub
Medical Devices
Herb / Spa
SME Accelerates Promotion Plan for Value Chain
Raw Material / Plastic
Packaging Industry
New Synthetic Material / Nano-polymer
Access to Information and Advisory Services for SMEsSME Service Center Network (Thailand)
Naresuan University
Khon Kaen University
Khon Kaen University, Nong Khai Province Campus
Nakorn Panom University
Ubon Ratchathani University
Ubon Ratchathani University, Mukdahan Province Campus
Surin Rajabhat University
Nakhon Sri Thammarat Rajabhat University
Burapa University
Kanjanaburi Rajabhat University
Prince of Songkhla University
• Service Center for Lower North- Eastern Part and Gateway to Cambodia
• Service Center for Middle North- Eastern Part and Gateway to Middle Vietnam
• Service Center for Middle North- Eastern Part and Gateway to Lower Vietnam
• Service Center for Lower Northern Part and Central Part
• Service Center for Middle North- Eastern Part and Gateway to GMS
• Service Center for Upper North- Eastern Part and Gateway to GMS
• Service Center for Middle North- Eastern Part and Gateway to Lao PDR., Upper Vietnam and Lower China
• Service Center for Lower North- Eastern Part
• Service Center for Industries and Exportation
• Service Center and Gateway to Myanmar
• Service Center for Southern Part and Gateway to Malaysia
Service Center A
Service Center B
Service Center C
Service Center D
SME
SME
SME
SME
SME
SME
OSMEP
Trade and Investment Information
SME Needs
Diagram on how data and information be transferred and collected
Access to Information and Advisory Services for SMEs
Example center in network:
Khon Kaen University has joined into the network since 2010, it had been considered as the first service center in our system. Not only the university has the science park, which provide:
• Workshop• Advisory services• Lab testing• Technologies and tools for incubating and
supporting SMEs, but also well-known as a business
information hub in the northeast region of Thailand and for the neighbor ASEAN member states in the Great Mekong Sub-region; GMS
Access to Information and Advisory ServicesSME Service Center Network (Thailand)
• Khon Kaen University Science Park offers businesses’ technology leverage in One-Stop Service
The specialist consultant services; seeking technology from domestic and foreign, matching technology and business negotiations, R&D searching service, and establishing a linkage to other related services such as low interest loans, the business incubation, intellectual property services, venture capital matching, etc. SPKKU provides technology consulting services and data of research and development, Including, integrate innovations of Both the Ministry of Science and Technology and the university/academia.
• Business incubation services
Provide services to support individuals from start-up to SME size by promote the innovation and technology adoption in products and services to enhance production in the supply chain and develop products or processes with confident Increasing and trust in the businesses. Service Details are as follows.
- Find information and business networking- Business consulting services- Training to enhance skills for entrepreneurs- Export promotion- Promotion and marketing support services
Example: Khon Kaen University Potential:
Access to Information and Advisory ServicesSME Service Center Network (Thailand)
• Service in intellectual property protection.Provide intellectual property service (IP Service) for various
types of intellectual property protection and licensing of technology (Technology Licensing) to lead to private sector investment.
• financial supportProvide expert advice and financial benefit information of credit
and low interest loans to SME in order to invest in R & D• Metrological service coordination between public and private
Be a coordination center of metrology between public and private sectors by organizing training and seminars on metrology operations. Moreover, there is cooperation with National Institute of Metrology to support the calibration services for instrumentation in various fields and development services in other related areas in order to serve the needs of industries in the Northeastern.
• Expertise servicesProvide a expertise in the business incubation and research in
various subject areas to support and encourage a steadily business growth.
• Laboratory Service CenterProvide a service examination, calibration, training, and advice
in various fields with experienced scientists.• Service in research and development partnership/ research and
developmentBe a partnership between public, private, and universities in
research and serve government agencies that conducts research and development needs of the private sector.
Example: Khon Kaen University Potential:
Access to Information and Advisory ServicesSME Service Center Network (Thailand)