Technical Assistance Report: PDA Inception Report

The views expressed herein are those of the consultant and do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s members, Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

Project Number: TA 6325 – REG: Promoting Water Policies and Practices (Phase 5) PDA Start Date: 15 November 2007

Pilot and Demonstration Activity (PDA): “Producing Water Filter from Coconut and

Palm Oil Shells”

15 December 2007

Project Team Members Team leader LEFEVRE, Prof. Thierry, Economic and Financial Expert & Project

Coordinator / Planner Team member{s} ALEXANDRE, Jean-Marc, Environmentalist (alphabetical order) HERMAN, WIPAPAN, Community Coordinator and Interpreter LE MARIER, Yves Henri, Technology expert LEFEVRE, Francois, Marketing Expert MUSIKAJATT, Kraisit, Assistant Community Coordinator Community counterparts

NGERNTHAENG, Chod, Mayor from Tap Sakae District and President of Tap Sakae Coconut Association

MANEE-NOI, Wanipong, Assistant Chief Officer from Tap Sakae District Administration Office

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 2. SCOPE OF WORK ............................................................................................................... 1 3. IMPLEMENTATION

A. Progress of work ......................................................................................................... 2 B. Cost and Financing ..................................................................................................... 5 C. Implementation Schedule........................................................................................... 6 D. Implementation Management Arrangements ........................................................... 6

4. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................... 6 Appendix 1. Location Map ............................................................................................... 7 Appendix 2. Agricultural Area Information..................................................................... 8 Appendix 3. Cost Estimates and Financing Plan........................................................... 9 Appendix 4. Project Schedule of Activities ..................................................................10 Appendix 5. Expert’s CVs...............................................................................................11 Appendix 6. Design and Monitoring Framework..........................................................34 Appendix 7. Field Trip Reports and their annexes ......................................................36

1. INTRODUCTION

The Pilot and Demonstration Activity (PDA) seeks to determine the feasibility of producing low-cost water filters from coconut and palm oil shells, and to refine appropriate public-private partnership business model. The Letter of Agreement (LOA) between ADB and CEERD the Executing Agency (EA), was signed on November 12th, 2007 and the activities planned for 6 months started with a Field visit on November 14th, 2007 for meeting the local coconut producers and the authorities from Tap Sakae District (Prachuab Khiri Khan Province). The objective was to gather information and data on the local conditions for the Activated Carbon (AC) project to be set up in one of the Thailand’s biggest coconut production areas.

2. SCOPE OF WORK

The PDA targets a region that is one of the major producer of coconuts in Thailand and one of the poorest. The Local Authorities of Tap Sakae have recognized the need to hasten socio-economic development of the Province, through an integrated cluster development of local industries, such as an AC processing factory and Production of low cost water filters for the domestic and international markets. The pre-feasibility study will combine field activities and desk work, such as:

• Stakeholders: o Meeting with local producers and cooperatives o Meeting with local community and local administration o Meeting with coconut processing industries

• Institutional and Legal framework: o Meetings with relevant authorities at the local and provincial level

• Potential resources (human, raw material, etc.): o Identification of potential AC buyers o Assessment of Quality requirements o Assessment of Market for water and air filters (ready made / customer specified)

• Technology and Process: o Evaluation of the different technologies and processes o Finalization of conceptual design o Preparation of investment and operational budget

• Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment o Emission potential evaluation o Assessment of CDM potential

• Outline of Financing plan: o Economic analysis with sensitivity analysis o Identification of Financing sources and Project implementation plan

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3. IMPLEMENTATION

A. Progress of work

Introduction The EA initiated some preliminary research and basic market analysis about Coconut and AC production. They were significantly increased with two Field visits implemented to meet the local community: on November 14th, 2007 and on December 6th, 2007. A map of the localization of Tap Sakae is given as Appendix 1. The field trips were organized:

• to get a clearer understanding of the local coconut industry: visiting the fields, the factories and collecting data from local or provincial authorities;

• to identify the stakeholders, by meeting the local growers and their association, the processors of coconut and charcoal, the local or provincial authorities (municipality and agriculture administration);

• to explain the ins and outs of the project and to set up with the stakeholders the next steps of the project activities.

Initial Background findings The potential It was the occasion to see how important the coconut industry is for the region. A substantial part of the land is used for coconut plantations: around 80% of the cultivated area in Tap Sakae district (i.e. 171.670 rai ~ approximately 275 km2) is covered with coconut trees and most of that land is locally owned by small growers who are regrouped into cooperatives. The figures provided by the local department of the Ministry of Agriculture state that a total number of 7,391 households, representing around 75% of the population in the district, live from agriculture (see table attached as Appendix 2). Secondly, it was the occasion to understand about the great development potential of coconut. Actually coconut can be wholly exploited: from outer (fiber) shell, fiber powder (dust), inner hard shell, copra (flesh), coconut water and copra’s brown skin which is used for obtaining high-quality coconut oil. Even the tree trunk can be used at the end of its lifetime for furniture manufacturing and construction. Most coconuts have the outer shell and the fiber removed, before further processing. The fiber is processed separately in a hammering mill and the output is a high quality fiber, baled and exported mostly for furniture cushion. Shorter fiber and dust can be used to making compost or aggregated as a construction material. At present, neither all coconuts are processed, nor are all parts of coconuts utilized. The actual process is done locally, by land owners with quite primitive techniques. Moreover, the installed capacity for coconut processing doesn’t allow, at present, to treat all available coconuts. It must be said that the number of nuts is huge! Figures provided for the region show an average number of 20 to 25 trees per rai with an average tree production of 5 to 10 nuts every 30 days. This gives a production of 275,343,300 nuts per year, or 754,365 nuts per day. The processing The local coconut process consists in:

• coconuts cracked to open, • water collected and sold, • flesh removed and sold to be either used for coconut cream or coconut oil after drying,

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• pressed cake from the coconut oil production used as animal fodder, • coconut shells being processed for local charcoal production, later crushed to make

charcoal briquettes, • fiber being compacted and baled, while the dust is disposed in most cases, posing a

problem of bug contamination, waste management and fire risk. The coconuts that are not processed locally are sold at low price and transported to the central part of Thailand for further processing. With a production of nuts relatively stable all over the year, a substantial part of the local population income arises from coconut processing, but the products are sold at low prices and the activity is considered as non-profitable for the less favored plots of land (needing the use of fertilizers...).

Stakeholders The main characteristic of the coconut industry is that it is a small-scale business, with low efficiency. Besides, coconut processing is a very labor intensive industry, especially in the first phase of collecting the coconuts and dehusking the shell. Both of these phases are done manually. One of the biggest outputs of coconut production is the food industry with copra and its derivatives (coconut oil, desiccated copra, coconut milk, copra cake). And what is considered as a waste in this industry - i.e. hard shell - is used as raw material for charcoal manufacture and AC plant. From the first two field trips, the EA identified the local growers and the bigger processors of coconuts, grouped under a local Coconut Association as a potential partner for setting up the AC plant. On November 14th, 2007 their vote showed that a large majority was enthusiastic to supporting the plant installation. From the official side, both municipality and agriculture representatives are already involved in the project by providing information and data about the sector and see in the project a chance to improve the socio-economic situation of the province, by creating jobs, improving incomes of families etc., as well as the possibility of developing more efficient way of processing coconuts and its residues. More visits to Tap Sakae have been scheduled, starting with a third one on 18-19 January 2008 for discussing with potential partners and their participation in the Implementation plan. On the request of the Community, the EA will prepare a brochure in Thai describing the project and its outcomes that will be distributed at the beginning of the new year 2008 to prepare next stakeholders meeting, notably Provincial public hearings for assessing the impact of the plant installation in the Province (February or March 2008).

Institutional and Legal framework The Ministry of Industry and its Department of Industrial Work as well as the Office of the Board of Investment (BOI) will be the relevant institution regarding the project of AC manufacturing and Production of low cost water filters. Apart from the Ministry of Industry, a certain number of other line ministries should also be involved in the development of this project. They include: Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Interior, and Ministry of Energy (if ever cogeneration technology is installed). This last point outlines the fact that the conceptual design is still under preparation (see the Technology and Process Section hereafter).

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Potential resources Porous carbons are obtained as a residue after the volatile components of the carbonaceous material are removed by a thermal process in the absence of air. The raw material used for charcoal production plays a major part in determining the ability of the AC to adsorb certain molecular species. Activated carbon produced from coconut shells exhibit a predominance of micropores (radius less than 1 nm) making it more effective for the adsorption of gas/vapour. However, the quality of the charcoal produced locally is not optimum: using open drums, the process cannot be closely controlled and the charcoal quality is not regular. The technique has a poor yield, lowering benefits as well. It comes with a significant pollution from the gases and smoke emanating during the carbonization process. If the AC plant uses locally produced charcoal as raw material for the activation process, its quality will need to be standardized through trainings on better practices and quality control. For the activation process, coconut charcoal moisture needs to be in the range of 15 to 17 %. Charcoal may need to be dried for removing its excessive moisture content that could cause water reaction with off-gasses during the early stages of carbonization and slow down or stop the micropore opening. All the more as local producers use water to stop the carbonization process. From the first field visits, samples of coconuts, charcoal, fiber and powder were collected in order to assess the composition and the structure of the raw materials potentially used for AC production. The analyses are under way. At the occasion of the second field trip, two possible locations for the plant were visited in Tap Sakae, providing actual information about the possible cost of land purchase. Major coconut growers in Tap Sakae District are willing to take part in this project. This assures raw material supply and a stable price. The price of coconut shell charcoal is around $180 per ton and the plant will need around 2 Metric tons (Mt) per day for an average production capacity of 1 Mt of AC products per day. Another option is to start the manufacturing process from coconut shells for producing charcoal: the daily need will be around 10 Mt of raw coconut shells, for the same average production capacity of 1 Mt of AC products per day. From the manpower side, the activation carbon plant will require up to 50 operators, depending of the technology choice and the length of the process. Also, the water filter production unit will provide additional jobs. Last, a study about the AC market in Thailand shows that the country is increasingly a net exporter with a volume of around 10,000 tons per year in 2006 (Japan and the USA being the first customers).

Technology and Process, There are two main activation techniques used to produce AC:

• Chemical Activation where the raw material is impregnated with a strong dehydrating agent (usually zinc chloride, phosphoric acid or potassium hydroxide), and then heated to temperatures between 450 - 900°C.

• Physical Activation where the raw material is activated with steam under inert atmosphere at high temperatures between 900 – 1100°C, depending on the raw material used.

AC produced by steam activation generally exhibit a fine pore structure, ideal for the adsorption of small molecular weight products and for applications involving low contaminant concentrations. Steam activation is generally used for coal-based, coconut shell and grain based activated carbons. The AC plant will likely use steam activation, fitting perfectly with the

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needed output and avoiding any problem linked with environmental hazards from the use of poisonous chemicals. The industrial process for activating carbon can be done in two ways:

• The first option is to integrate carbonization and activation phases. In that case, raw coconut shell is used as raw material and the carbonization of the shell precede the second step – the activation phase. It is important to note that these two phases have to be done separately because charcoal material must be cooled after being carbonized, before it can be activated.

• The second option, commonly used by AC manufacturers worldwide, starts directly from the activation stage, using coconut shell charcoal as raw material. Charcoal preparation consists in crushing it as a fine powder with a rotary crushing equipment to feed the kiln.

The activating equipment consists of two main elements: a boiler for steam production and an activation furnace. The types of machinery available include vertical furnaces (often multiple-heart type) and rotary kilns. The activation reaction is endothermic and temperature is maintained by partial burning of the CO and H2 formed. The flue gas treatment of the gases produced during the process provides additional heat that can be used either for the process itself or electricity production. Depending on the technology adopted, an assessment of the environmental impact of the AC plant could pave the way for a partly funded CDM project by integrating climate change and sustainable development considerations. It must be reminded that a great range of AC is available on the markets worldwide, each one with different physical and activity properties: first, because of the raw material used for the production; second, of its form (granular, powdered or pelletized) and third, of specific activation characteristics making it suitable for a special use. The fact remains that for having a commercial use, AC must show regular characteristics. That is why the AC industry in collaboration with standard organizations elaborated standard tests for evaluating physical and adsorptive characteristics of AC. The plant design will include a laboratory to analyze and control the quality of the input/output, especially needed if the activation process is tailored at times according to special customer requirements. As a conclusion to the technology section, the assessment of the market for water and air filters using AC is being developed until February 2008 and only then the main characteristics of the technological process will be available, as the project should mainly concentrate in the production of the most needed final products on the national and international markets.

Preparation of Investment and Operational budget / Outline of Financing Plan Research on information and data about the plant design, the possible project cost and the operational budget is underway and very much related to the precedent section. Still needs to be decided how extensive the industrial process will be (starting from coconut shell and/or charcoal, including cogeneration technology…). Next meeting with potential shareholders will tackle this important issue. In addition, the market study will also give some important clues on the direction to take. B. Cost and Financing

See Appendix 3 - Cost Estimates and Financing Plan

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C. Implementation Schedule

See Appendix 4 - Project Schedule of Activities D. Implementation Management Arrangements

The Project Management has consisted in several main activities:

• Formation of a group of experts to carry on the project implementation and to ensure that these experts will be able to implement the project as follows: o Team leader: LEFEVRE, Prof. Thierry, Economic and Financial Expert & Project

Coordinator / Planner o Team member{s}:

LE MARIER, Yves Henri, Technology Expert HERMAN, Wipapan, Community Coordinator and Interpreter LEFEVRE, Francois, Marketing Expert ALEXANDRE, Jean-Marc, Environmentalist MUSIKAJATT, Kraisit, Assistant Community Coordinator

The CVs of these experts can be found in Appendix 5. It must be noted that the Local Agricultural Expertise is brought as an in-kind contribution from the Project’s Community counterparts:

NGERNTHAENG, Chod, Mayor from Tap Sakae District, MANEE-NOI, Wanipong, Assistant Chief Officer, Tap Sakae District Administration Office.

• Organization of Field Trips and Community meetings See Appendix 4 - Project Schedule of Activities and Appendix 7 - Field Trip Reports.

• Implementation of the main project activities within the 6 months time-frame, including desk activities for the preparation of the various project outputs (see Appendix 4 - Project Schedule of Activities).

• Establishing a Design and Monitoring Framework for delivering a set of Measurable Performance Indicators (MPI) related to Outputs/Outcomes and Activities undertaken (see Appendix 6).

• Reporting for the project activities according to the following schedule: o Project Inception Report, being submitted one month after signing of the LOA; o Project Mid-term Report, to be submitted two months after the start of the PDA; o Project Completion Report, to be submitted within 30 days after completion of the PDA.

4. CONCLUSION

After one month of operation the project is well on track. All experts are on board and the Community and potential local Partners are efficiently helping the project team and the EA. At this stage, it is expected that the project will go smoothly without major obstacles.

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Appendix 1. Map of Thailand and Prachuab Khiri Khan Province

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Appendix 2.

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Appendix 3. Cost Estimates and Financing Plan

Inputs / Expenditure Category Total Estimated

Costs (In US$)

1. Civil Works: Technical and non technical surveys, market research

o Coconut shell, charcoal and dust analysis 2. Training, workshops, seminars, public campaigns, meetings with local stakeholders, public hearings

o Fields trips to Thap Sakae (6 field trips x 300 US$) o Organization of a public hearing

3. Specialists Services needed for this project:

o Project Coordinator/Planner (see Economic and Financial expert)

o Community Coordinator and Interpreter o Local Agricultural expert (in-kind expertise provided by the

Community) o Technology Expert o Marketing Expert o Economic and Financial Expert o Environmentalist

4. Project Management: Management and operation cost

o Secretarial and administrative costs 5. Other Inputs: Procurement of reports and data

o Preparation of reports and dissemination brochure 6. Contingencies (0-10% of total estimated grant fund): Use of Contingencies requires prior approval from ADB.

2,000 2,000

2,000

1,800 200

44,000

2,000 8,000

-

15,000 5,000

12,000 2,000

1,000 1,000

1,000 1,000

-

Total PDA grant financed 50,000

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Appendix 4.

Project Schedule of Activities

Activities nov-07 déc-07 janv-08 févr-08 mars-08 avr-08 mai-08

Project Start 12 November 2007

1. Stakeholders

1.1. Meeting with cooperatives, local producers and local administration 14 November 20071.2. Technical meetings for data collection 6 December 20071.3. Meeting with coconut processing industries and potential direct project partners 18-19 January 20081.4. Public hearing with overall local community 14-15 February 2008

1.5. Meeting with Thap sakae direct project partners 20-21 March 2008

1.6. Final Meeting with Thap Sakae community and direct partners 24-25 April 2007

2. Institutional and Legal Framework.

2.1. Meetings with relevant authorities at national, provincial and local levels 14 November 2007 6 December 2007 18-19 January 2008 14-15 February 2008 20-21 March 2008 24-25 April 2007

3. Potentials Resources (human, raw material, etc…)

3.1. Identification of potential Activated Carbon buyers3.2. Identify Quality Requirements3.3. Assessment of market for water and air filters (ready made/costumer specified).

4.Technology and Processes

4.1. Evaluation of the different technologies and processes

4.2.Finalization of Conceptual Design4.3. Preparation investment and operational budget

5. Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment

5.1 Emission potential evaluation

5.2. Assessment of CDM potential

6. Outline of Financing Plan

6.1. Economic analysis with sensitivity analysis6.2. Identification of financing sources and project Implementation Plan

7. Project Reports

7.1. Inception Report 21 December 2007

7.2. Mid-term Report 14 March 2008

7.3. Final Report 5 May 2008

7.4 Field Trips Reports 30 November 2007 21 December 2007 31 January 2008 29 February 2008 31 March 2008 30 April 2008

Project End 12 May 2008

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Appendix 5. Expert’s Curriculum Vitae 1) Economic and Financial Expert & Project Coordinator / Planner Family Name: LEFEVRE First name: Thierry Date of birth: August 21, 1947 Nationality: French Civil status: Married 1. EDUCATION / PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

• 1970-1972 Laboratoire d'Automatique et d'Analyse des Systèmes (LAAS/ CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France Ph.D in Control and Operational Research

• 1971 Laboratoire d'Automatique et d'Analyse des Systèmes (LAAS/ CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France Master (D.E.A) in Control and Operational Research

• 1969-1970 University Simon Bolivar, Caracas, Venezuela Master (MBA) in Business Administration for Engineers (Candidate)

• 1967-1970 ESME, Paris, France Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanics and Electronics

2. LANGUAGE SKILLS • English Fluent • Spanish Fluent • French Native Speaker

3. OTHER SKILLS Computer literate: Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, Power Point, and Access), Internet, Fox Pro, Optimization Software (Minos, GRG, Linprog)

4. MEMBERSHIP OF PROFESSIONAL BODIES • Advisory Board of APERC, APEC, Tokyo, Japan, since 1997

• Steering Committee of IAEA Decades Program C, Vienna, Austria, since 1998

• ESCAP Energy-Environment Ad-hoc Expert Group, since 1991

5. PRESENT POSITION Centre for Energy Environment Resources Development (CEERD), Foundation for International Human Resource Development (FIHRD) Leveraging on its experience in the energy-environment field, CEERD provides information and knowledge and conducts training, research, and consulting in the various fields of energy, energy-efficiency and environment in the framework of international cooperation projects. CEERD is also carrying projects with the private sector in the areas of environmental norms and standards, environmental management systems, and clean technologies and in organizing business exchanges

• Director of the CEERD

• Professor in Energy-Environment Economics, Planning and Policy

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6. KEY QUALIFICATIONS

• Extensive experience in design, implementation and management of international projects in Asia in the field of Energy Economics, Planning and Policy for the European Commission (EC), IEA, the World Bank (WB), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the United Nations (ESCAP, UNDP, FAO, IAEA), the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the French Government.

Significative projects implemented include: − EC/SPF: Study on the Impact of the European Directive 2004/101/EC (so called

CDM linking Directive) for Thailand (2006-2007); − EC/Framework Programme 6: Sustainable Energy Technology at Work on the

market generated by the EU Emission Trade Scheme and the linked CDM and JI markets (2005-2008);

− EC/COWI: Post Evaluation of the EC-ASEAN COGEN 3 Programme and Follow-up Activities (2006);

− EC/EAEF: Regional Energy Policy and Planning in ASEAN for Sustainable Development (REPP-ASD) (2006);

− EC/EAEF: Development of Wind Power Projects in the Philippines and Vietnam and adopting European Standards (2006);

− EC/EAEF: Establishment of the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Center Office of Vietnam - Dissemination of the experience to ASEAN (2006);

− EC/EAEF: Capacity Building on Sustainable Operation & Maintenance of a Biogas Facility for local Government Units, Public market Vendors and Households in Calaca, Batangas: Learning from European and ASEAN /Thai best practices (2006);

− ADB: Support to Regional Energy Cooperation Initiatives (2005-2006); − EC/EAEF: Feasibility Study for Distributed generation (DG) and Renewable

Energy Portfolio (REP) of a Distribution company: Case Study in the Philippines (DG-REP) (2005-2006);

− ADB: Review of Energy Sector Cooperation in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) (2004-2005);

− ADB: Support for Strategizing Regional Cooperation in Southeast Asia (SEA) Study (2004);

− EC/EAEF: Implementation of Energy Integrated Urban Planning (EIUP) in Asean cities and of Applicability of European Approaches (2003-2005);

− EC/EAEF: Implementation of the Clean Development mechanisms CDM in the ASEAN Energy Sector: Exchanging Experiences and Regional Institutional capacity Building (CDM-ASEAN) (2004-2005);

− DANIDA: Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies in Thailand (2003-2006); − EC/EAEF: ASEM Green IPP Network (2003-2005); − EC/EAEF: Development of a Strategic Environmental Assessment Platform for

the Regional Power Sector Integration in the Lower Mekong Countries (LMCs) (2003-2005);

− WWF: Thailand Energy Options (2000-2001); − IAEA: Indicators for Sustainable Energy Development (ISED): Thailand Case

Study (2001-2005); − NEDO-Japan: A Survey on Potentials for Energy and Environmental Cooperation

in South Asia and Indochina;

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− UNESCAP: Energy for Sustainable Development: Situation Analysis and Policy Review (2000);

− ADB: Study of Large Dams and Recommended Practices (1999-2001); − NEDO-Japan: Survey of the Trends in Environment and Energy Conservation

Policies and Technologies in Asia (1999-2000); − UNESCAP: Central Consultant of the UN-ESCAP/UNDP Projects REDP (Regional

Energy Development Program, 1990-93) and PACE-E (Program for Asian Cooperation on Energy and the Environment, 1993-98) with 22 ESCAP countries in Asia;

− ADB: Review of Asian Development Bank’s Energy Sector Policy (1999); − APEC (Expert Group on Clean Fossil Energy): Survey on Coal and Natural gas

competition in the Electric Power Sector of APEC economies, (1999-2000); − IBRD/AEAT/EGAT: Thailand National Renewable Energy Potential &

Development Study (1998-1999);

• Extensive experience in the organisation of International Conferences, Seminars, Workshops and Trainings in Asia – a networking platform to debate current issues and sharing information and knowledge with energy-environment professionals, experts from various fields, government officials:

− WEC (World Energy Council): Evaluation on Energy Efficiency Policies - Regional Asian WEC-ADEME Workshop in Bangkok (2006-2007);

− EC-EAEF: Asian Energy Data and Statistics Management Training (ASEAN) (2005-2006);

− WB: Global Village Energy Partnership (GVEP) (2005); − EC-EAEF/UN-ESCAP: Energy Integrated Urban Planning (EIUP) in Asean Cities

Workshop (2004); − EC-ENRICH: Packing and Promotion of Community Climate Change Socio-

Economic, Energy and Technology Research Workshop (2003); − EC-EAEF/UN-ESCAP: ASEM Green IPP Network Workshop (2003); − EC: Workshop on Flexibility Mechanisms and Climate Change Policy in Asian

Countries: Experience and Policy Responses from EC (1999);

• Excellent knowledge of the Asian countries, particularly in what concerns their energy planning and policy systems, as shown by the following achievements:

− ADB staff consultant for the implementation of consultation missions in the all South East Asian countries for the preparation of an updated energy situation report in SEA countries and for the identification of bankable projects (2004-2006)

− EC consultant in numerous energy and environmental projects, linking European energy/environment policies and technologies initiatives with Asia and Southeast Asia (ASEAN) countries, in the fields of energy planning and policy, energy efficiency and conservation, power sector and its environmental impacts, CDM and GHG emission mitigation, etc…

− ADB staff consultant for the implementation of consultation missions in the all GMS countries for the preparation of an updated energy situation report in GMS countries (2004)

− UN-ESCAP expert for the preparation of the situation analysis and policy review paper on energy and sustainable development in Asia-Pacific countries (2000);

− ADB consultant for the preparation of the draft ADB Energy Policy Paper (1999-2000) and ADB International Technical Expert in the framework of the GEF/UNDP/ADB-ALGAS Project (1995-99);

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− ACE, ADB, AEEMTRC, APEC, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IEA, UNDP and World Bank consultant, in many projects related to Asian countries, since 1990

− Financial Times: Publications on Power Sectors and Natural gas in Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam and India (1997-1999)

− Director and Chief Editor of “Asian Energy News”, between 1990 and 2003, with 140 monthly issues published.

• Long experience in teaching, training and consultancy in the field of energy economics, planning and policy in Asia. The following fields are privileged:

− Energy-Environment Information Systems, Energy Data Analysis and Energy Statistics; − Energy-Environment Modelling, Planning & Policy and Long Term Forecasting, including

analysis of energy saving and inter-fuel substitution; − Climate Change (JI, CDM, ET); Green House Gas and Acid Rain Optimal Abatement

Strategies; Environmental Externalities; Conservation and Efficiency; and Clean Technologies.

• Experience in specific Asian countries / territories: − Australia (1987 to 1988): stationed for Sabbatical leave. See below. − Asia: All ASEAN countries plus China, North and South Korea, Japan, Mongolia, India,

Pakistan, IR Iran, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Maldives. (1990 to present): numerous short-term missions for the EC, UNDP, ESCAP, ADB, WB-IBRD, APEC, ASEAN and the French Government. Also in the framework of Projects coordination and management. See below.

− Thailand: (1990 to present): stationed. See below.

7. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE RECORD

• January 2002 to present

Centre for Energy Environment Resources Development (CEERD) - Foundation for International Human Resource Development (FIHRD)

Bangkok, Thailand

Position: Director of CEERD

Responsabilities:

1- Management of Multilateral and Regional Projects and Project Reports: Management / Coordination of more than 95 projects, with national, international and multilateral Agencies and Institutions.

2- Organisation of International Conferences, Seminars, Workshops: Organization of more than 50 National, International and Regional conferences, workshops, seminars and training, since 1990, with more than 20 Asian countries, in the fields of Energy-Environment Economics, Energy Statistics, Planning and Policy, and Climate Change; and publication of conference proceedings as well as many training manuals.

3- Communication: Publication of 30 research journal papers, 67 papers in conferences proceedings and 48 books, chapter of books, manuals and monographs, since 1991; and also assuming for the last 14 years the responsibility of Director and Chief Editor of “Asian Energy News” with 140 monthly issues published.

4- Consultation with National, International and Regional Institutions: Implementation of more than 30 technical advisory and supervisory missions for international and regional Institutions, since 1991, in Asia.

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• December 1990 to December 2001

Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) Bangkok, Thailand

Position: Director of CEERD (Centre for Energy Environment Research & Development), Coordinator of EC-PTS (EC-Post-Graduate Technology Study Programme) and Professor in Energy-Environment Economics, Planning and Policy.

Responsibilities:

1- Teaching and Research activities, in the fields of: − Energy-Environment Information Systems, Energy Data Analysis and Energy Statistics; − Energy-Environment Modelling, Planning & Policy and Long Term Forecasting, including

analysis of energy saving and inter-fuel substitution; − Climate Change (JI, CDM, ET), Green House Gas and Acid Rain Optimal Abatement

Strategies, Environmental Externalities; − Conservation and Efficiency, and Clean Technologies.

2- Management of Multilateral and Regional Projects - Project Reports

3- Organisation of International Conferences, Seminars, Workshops

4- Communication, research and publications

5- Consultation with National, International and Regional Institutions: ACE, ADB, AEEMTRC, APEC, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IEA, UNDP and World Bank consultant, in many projects related to Asian countries, between 1990 and 2001.

• December 1987 to December 1988

Thomson CSF, Delegation for Australasia Melbourne, Australia

Position: Special Advisor in Research and Technology Development

Responsibilities: Research of potential joint ventures in the field of advanced technologies in electronics, artificial intelligence and solid-state physics.

• March 1981 to December 1990

University Simon Bolivar Caracas, Venezuela

Position: Director of the Institute of Energy and Prof. in Energy-Environment Modelling

Responsibilities:

1- Coordinator of EC projects on long term energy planning and policies (1981-90);

2- Teaching, academic and research projects in the field of energy systems.

• September 1973 to February 1981

University Institute of Technology (IUT) Caracas (1973-75) and Cumana (1975-81), Venezuela

Position: Director at the Department of Electrical Engineering

Responsibilities: Teaching, academic and research activities in the field of electrical engineering and control.

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8. PUBLICATIONS

Numerous international publications on energy-environment modelling, planning and policy in journal papers, books and chapters of books, manuals, project reports, workshop / conference proceedings:

- Publication of 30 research journal papers, 67 papers in conferences proceedings and 48 books, chapter of books, manuals and monographs, since 1991;

- and also assuming for the last 14 years the responsibility of Director and Chief Editor of “Asian Energy News” with 140 monthly issues published.

Extensive publication references can be provided on demand

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2) Technology Expert Family Name: LE MARIER First name: Yves, Henri Date of birth: July 11, 1942 Nationality: French Civil status: Married 1. EDUCATION / PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

• 1966 - 1972 Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers (CNAM), Paris, France Senior Instrument & Electrical Engineer (SERCE & FNTP)

• 1956 - 1958 H.B.L. Technical School, France Brevet d’Etudes industrielles (BEI)

• Special Trainings : − COMSIP: Instrumentation and Automation Training − CNAM: Waste and water Treatment Process Training − Rice University, Houston / ISA: Project Management Training − Institut Français du Pétrole (IFP): Process Off Shore Gas Production Training

2. LANGUAGE SKILLS

• English Fluent

• French Native Speaker

3. OTHER SKILLS

Computer literate: Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, Power Point), Internet

4. MEMBERSHIP OF PROFESSIONAL BODIES

• Member of ISA (Instrument Society of America), NC, USA & chartered Member of “ISA Construction & Design Division”

• Member of the Gas Processor Supplier Association (GPSA), Tulsa, OK, USA

5. PRESENT POSITION

Centre for Energy Environment Resources Development (CEERD), Bangkok:

• Project Manager

6. KEY QUALIFICATIONS

Expertise in the following fields, leveraging on a 40 years experience with Electrical, Instrumentation and Mechanical technologies:

• Oil & gas Field production (onshore / offshore), Refinery processes and Industrial plants construction and revamping;

• Water treatment, Distribution systems and Waste Water treatment systems;

• Power generation and Distribution network systems.

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Through the multiple projects carried out, the mastering of the following qualifications was achieved, that include most of the steps from the project cycle (engineering, financing, project management, implementation and operations):

• Feasibility Studies and Economic evaluations for Refinery plants, Power & Co - generation plants, Paper mills, Water treatment plants, Water distribution pipelines and Pumping stations, Oil &Gas pipelines, LNG and Gas plants, Oil & Gas onshore / offshore production (Wellhead, Utilities, Production platforms & terminals), Piping, Safety & fire protection, as well as General installation concept, Environmental protection and Impacts studies.

• Engineering: Basic & detailed design M, E & I, Procurement, Procedures, Bid evaluation, Control systems (DCS and SCADA systems), Safety systems / Shutdown systems (ESD), Fire & Gas systems, Oil & Gas metering systems, Packages.

• Construction: Field construction supervision, Site management, Constructions, Bid evaluation, Installation procedures, and Equipment purchasing.

• Pre-commissioning, Commissioning and Start-Up: Procedures, Coordination / Management of all trades, Start-Up, Installation checklists, Custody transfer procedure on Commissioning leader position / Start-Up manager.

7. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE RECORD

• 2004 to present

Centre for Energy Environment Resources Development (CEERD) Bangkok, Thailand

Position: Project Manager

Responsabilities: Feasibility studies and Economic evaluation (several projects)

• 2002 to 2004

Sofresid (Saipem Group) EXXON MOBIL Nigeria (MPN), YOHO Development Project – EPC2 Production Facilities

Position: Lead Engineer

Responsibilities:

1- Detailed Engineering for Instrumentation, Safety and Buildings (Lead Engineer in Saipem Office, Jakarta, Indonesia)

2- Chef Engineer on Construction SSE Yard at Johor Baru, Malaysia

• 2001 to 2002

DOLPHIN Energy Ltd. / TFE (Qatar) DOLPHIN Project (Upstream and Compression Facilities)

Position: Consultant

Responsibilities:

1- Basic Engineering for compression plant (Ras Laffan Treatment plant)

2- Custody Metering Systems (Gas and HC Liquid)

3- Receiving Facilities (Jebel Ali & Taweela – EUA)

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TOTAL FINA ELF E&P Myanmar Yadana Offshore / Onshore Pipeline Field Development & Metering Station

Condensates recovery Project (condensates K.O. Pots disposal, Pipeline and Storage)

Position: Senior Field Construction Engineer

Responsibilities:

1- All Trade construction

2- Turn over procedure, final documentation

3- Start-Up and Test Run

• 2001

TECHNIP, Portugal Petrogal S.A. Porto Refinery-Gasoil HDS revamping Project (IFP Licence)

and Parex Plant revamping Project (UOP Licence)

Position: Deputy Construction Manager / Start-Up Manager

Responsibilities:

1- All Trade construction Field engineer

2- Turn over procedure, final documentation

3- Start-Up and Test Run

• 2000 to 2001

PT SIEMENS Indonesia – Oil & Gas Department

Position: Senior Advisor (Technical qualification and Commercial dossier)

Responsibilities:

1- BBM Pipeline Dumai Siak Project (BOT) (Pertamina Indonesia): Feasibility study and Economic evaluation

2- Tunu Field Development Project phase III (Total Indonesia): Tender document and Pricing evaluation

Financial Institution E-SHORE Mini LPG-Processing Plant, Indonesia and Thailand

Position: Senior Advisor

EEA / Sonangol, Angola Revamping of Shutdown System on Oil production Platform

Position: Project Manager / Site Manager

Responsibilities: Instrumentation and Electro-mechanical Works

• 1998 to 1999

FRIEDLANDER Angola Project TOTAL FINA, Angola - Revamping of Shutdown System on Oil field Production

Position: Senior Technical Advisor

20

Responsibilities:

1- Waste & Waste water System (Environmental Protection)

2- Electrical, Instrumentation, Mechanical & Piping site Survey

PT APEKA/PERTAMINA/CALTEX, Indonesia PERTAMINA Refineries of Balongan, Balikpapan and Field production Dumai / Siak – Indonesia

Position: Senior Technical Advisor

Responsibilities:

Caltex Dumai and Minas Oil Field: Sludge land fill survey Electrical, Instrumentation, Mechanical, Piping and Site survey (Oil field Production, Oil Terminal, Oil Storage, Pipeline and Transfer pumping station and Power generation by G.E. turbine)

INGEROP Asia

West-Jakarta Water Supply - Mechanical and Electrical Upgrading & Rehabilitation, Indonesia

Position: Senior Technical Advisor

Responsibilities: Site survey and preparation of technical tender document (Water treatment and Pumping stations)

PT APEKA/PERTAMINA - PT EPT Turnaround (Maintenance) at PERTAMINA Refinery, Balongan, Indonesia

Position: Senior Technical Advisor

Responsibilities: General Mechanical Supervision, including Hydrogen reformer heater Rehabilitation after damages (Tube-catalyst replacement and Pig-Tail on Outlet collector reparation)

SICA, Houston, USA Project GIRASOL

Position: Quality Assessor / Quality Controller

Responsibilities: Material, Equipment inspection and Construction supervision of two de-aerator vessels

PATHONG Municipality, Thailand Waste water System and Environmental protection

Position: Senior Technical Advisor

Responsibilities: Preliminary feasibility studies (Environmental impact, Process and Financial packages)

1984 to 1998 GTMH (SUEZ - LYONNAISE DES EAUX Group)

• 1995 to 1998 CHEVRON Nigeria Ltd.

ESCRAVOS LNG Gas Plant Project, Phase II: Extension and Offshore platform EPC Project, Nigeria

21

Position: Project Manager (Contractor: Entrepose Delatre Bezon)

Responsibilities:

1- Detailed Engineering review, Procurement

2- Installation procedures, Site work preparation, Commissioning Procedures

3- Coordination, Management of all Trades

GULF OIL CABINDA (CHEVRON Angola) CABGOC –Vuko A and Kungolo B Wellhead Platforms (Angola)

Position: Project Manager (Engineering Contractor: ETPM Services S.A.)

Responsibilities:

1- Detailed Engineering Coordination

2- Procedure and Construction preparation, Commissioning Procedures

ETPM/DAEWOO Project: Azarpad Crude Oil Metering System, Kharg Island

Position: Project Engineer

Responsibilities: Metering system rehabilitation, Design review report, Calculation notes, Scope of works for calibrated section loop prover and main equipment replacement in accordance with the API & Chapter 4 and calibration procedures

INDOSUEZ – LYONNAISE - ITALIAN THAI / AQUATHAI Chachoengsao Water Supply Project, Thailand (EPC Project)

Position: Field Project Manager

Responsibilities: Budget estimation and basic engineering for the mechanical works for the 14 water transmission and distribution pumping stations (Safety, Hydraulic, Piping, Structural, Mechanical, Electrical, Instrumentation and SCADA Systems)

G.D.S. (INDOSUEZ - LYONNAISE) West Jakarta Water Supply Privatization Project, Indonesia

Position: Consultant

Responsibilities: Site survey Report on water treatment plants and treated water distribution pumping stations with rehabilitation and upgrading recommendations (Safety, Hydraulic, Piping, Structural, Mechanical, Electrical, Instrumentation, SCADA System and Civil works)

CHEVRON Nigeria Ltd ESCRAVOS LNG Gas Plant, EPC Project, Nigeria

Position: Field Deputy Construction Manager and Start-Up Manager (Contractor: ABB Randall - ENTREPOSE)

Responsibilities:

1- Detailed Engineering Coordination, Procurement (Resident in Houston, USA)

2- Mechanical and Piping construction

3- Pre-commissioning & Commissioning Procedures, Commissioning Coordination of all Trades on site in Escravos, Nigeria (Commissioning Leader)

22

TOTAL Austral, Argentina Aguna Pinchana Gas Project

Position: Deputy Manager

Responsibilities:

1- Basic Design review in Houston, USA

2- Design review and EPC Tender / Bid in Argentina

• 1993 to 1994

KRPC Refinery Kaduna, Nigeria (NNPC) Project: FCC Unit – Rehabilitation and Revamping

Position: Field Deputy Project Manager and Construction Manager

Responsibilities:

1- Engineering, Procurement

2- Construction coordination

3- Start-up (Commissioning Leader)

• 1993

LED - Malaysia Water supply Project - Johor Baru, Malaysia (EPC Project)

Position: Project Manager (Design and basic Engineering)

Responsibilities: Water pipeline, Pumping station and Pipeline distribution (Electro-mechanical, Piping and SCADA systems)

• 1991 to 1992 ELF Gabon

Project: Upgrading Offshore Platforms GRMI, AYOL, AGM 6 & 7, Gabon Production and Drilling Platforms, Tele-Exploitation, Revamping

Position: Project Manager / Construction Manager

Responsibilities:

1- Piping, Mechanical, Electrical and Instrumentation detail Design, Procurement

2- Construction and Start-Up

• 1990 IOOC / NIOC - Iran

NASR Offshore Production and Utilities / Living Quarter Platforms (EPC project)

Position: Deputy Project Manager

Responsibilities: Basic Engineering, Detailed design Coordination

• 1989 NNPC - Nigeria

Gas Metering Station of Ughelli - Nigeria (EPC Project)

Position: Deputy Project Manager

Responsibilities:

1- Basic Engineering, Detailed Design Coordination

2- Pre-Commissioning and Commissioning Procedures

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• 1987 to 1989 GTMI, Jakarta

Representative of GTME (Indonesia)

Position: Branch Manager

Responsibilities: Tender / Bid evaluations on various projects for TOTAL Indonesia, UNOCAL, TRITON OIL, MOBIL, and for MMC GAS, SHELL, TIOXIDE, TECHNIP in Malaysia

RHONE POULENC PHARMA – Indonesia Chemical Plant Chemistry of Bogor, Indonesia

Position: Project Manager and Site Manager

Responsibilities: Turn-key all Trades (Civil works, Structure, Piping, Vessel, Mechanical, Electrical and Instrument, Pre-commissioning, Commissioning and Start-Up)

• 1987 TECHNIP / KARTAS LETJES - Indonesia

Paper Mills of Letjes, West Java, Indonesia

Position: Instrument & Electrical Site Construction Manager

Responsibilities: Wood and Bagasse treating Unit, Paper machine, Black Liquor Recovery Boiler Unit, Paper Paste Plant, Chemical plant, Utilities plant facilities, Fuel System (Tankage & Truck Loading), Water pumping Station and Effluents Treatment

• 1986 ESSO SIRACHA - THAILAND

ESSO Refinery Plant, Siracha, Thailand: Instrumentation modernization and Upgrading Project

Position: Project Engineer

Responsibilities: Basic engineering for the Revamping and Upgrading, with Feasibility studies for application of the DCS SYSTEM TDC 2000 on Petroleum process unit, Plant facilities and Site survey

SHELL BERRE - FRANCE Refinery plant Instrumentation modernization and Upgrading Project

Position: Project Engineer

Responsibilities:

1- Development and application of DCS SYSTEM TDC 3000 on Process Units and Utilities

2- Pre-commissioning, Commissioning and Start-up

• 1985 ETPM / OXYCOL – BECHTEL, USA

FSU COVENAS (Marine Terminal Tanker), Colombia (EPC Project)

Position: Engineering, Development and Application

Responsibilities:

1- DCS SYSTEM TDC 3000 and Field Instrumentation on Load Master, Tankage System, Pumping System, Crude Oil Metering System, Steam and Power Generation System, Water and Effluents Facilities System

2- Pre-commissioning, Commissioning, Start-up and Training

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1978 to 1984 PROCOFRANCE (UOP Group)

• 1984 DKV Refinery Plant, Saszalonbata, Hungary Project: FFC Plant (EPC Project)

Position: Design and Construction Engineer

• 1983 ELF – ANTAR Donges, France Project: FFC Plant and DEE (EPC Project)

Position: Construction Engineer (HYDROCARBON Engineering)

• 1980 to 1982 TOTAL / CFR- Cameroon Turnkey Project: SONARA Refinery Victoria (EPC Project)

Position: Construction Engineer

• 1978 to 1979 SAMIR – Mohammedia, Morocco Project: Grassroots SAMIR Refinery Plant (EPC Project)

Position: Design and Construction Engineer (HYDROCARBON Engineering)

1971 to 1978 PAHNTOS

• 1977 SAM KIUNG, Ulsan, South Korea Project: Paint Product Chemical Plant - Rhone Poulenc (EPC Project)

Position: Design and Construction Engineer (KREBS - HYDROCARBON Engineering)

• 1971 to 1976 ESSO Refinery Plant, Fos-sur-Mer, France TOTAL / CFR Refinery Plant, Dunkerque, France ATOCHEM - PEHP Plant, D. P. R. Korea

Position: Design and Construction Engineer for TECHNIP

Before 1971

• 1970 BECHTEL Project: Copper & Ore Treatment Plant, Akjoujt, Mauritania (EPC project)

• 1969 CGEE Project: Agro-Chemical Plant PEC-Rhin, France

• 1968 SPIE Project: Transalpine Pipeline in Austria

1967 Project: Thermal Power Plant in Craivova, Romania

• 1964 to 1966 COMSIP Project: LNG, Arzew, Algeria

• 1960 to 1962 FRIA Project: Aluminium Plant FRIA, Guinea (EPC Project)

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3) Community Coordinator and Interpreter Family Name: HERMAN First name: Wipapan Date of birth: August 23, 1948 Nationality: Thai Civil status: Widow

1. EDUCATION / PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

• 1970 Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand B. A. (Hons.) Linguistics • 1969 U.S. State Department East-Asian & Pacific Student Leader Project

2. LANGUAGE SKILLS

• English Fluent

• Thai Native Speaker

• Laotian Native Speaker

3. MEMBERSHIPS

• The Siam Society, since 1984

• The British Club, since 1985

4. PRESENT POSITION

Universal Language Center (ULC), Bangkok:

• Owner and Director of the ULC

5. KEY QUALIFICATIONS

• Long experience in managing a private language institute, teaching and training both students and corporate professionals; • Active promoter of human resources development in Thailand and in the ASEAN by developing a network of focused contacts and investing in knowledge based companies; • Long experience in securing cooperation from government sectors, legal entities and private sectors, notably the media.

6. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE RECORD

• 1970 to present

Universal Language Center (ULC) Bangkok

Position: Founder and Director of ULC

Responsibilities:

- Setting up the academic programme; - Promoting the activity of the Institute;

26

- Managing the teaching staff; - Assessing the learning levels and the issuing of grades; - Controlling business accounts.

• 1995 to present

Energy Economy Environment Consultants (EEEC) Co., Ltd. Bangkok

Position: Chairman and Member on the Board of directors from EEEC Co., Ltd.

Responsibilities: Monitoring and pushing for the development of the company that has been carrying out consultancy and training activities in the Energy-Environment field with specific focus in the Asia-Pacific region. EEEC developed privileged relationship with key organizations of the Thai and international communities and is fostering collaboration with the private sectors to support the development of Renewable Energy or Energy Efficiency and Savings projects and promoting Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) as well.

• 1996 to present

Informatics Management Associates (IMA) Co., Ltd. Bangkok

Position: Chairman and Member on the Board of directors from IMA Co., Ltd.

Responsibilities: Monitoring the activity of the company that has been providing computer training and support for Thai and foreign-invested companies in Thailand. The experience and knowledge acquired during these years is serving to develop customized web services to accommodate the needs for flexibility and team efficiency from SME companies.

• 2004 to present

OHANA Co., Ltd. Bangkok

Position: Member on the Board of directors from OHANA Co., Ltd.

Responsibilities: Looking after legal matters of the company in buying land and property.

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4) Marketing Expert

Family Name: LEFEVRE First name: Francois Date of birth: April 3, 1959 Nationality: French Civil status: Single

1. EDUCATION / PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

• April 2002 School of Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok M.B.A. International Business

• January 1996 High Institute of Reinsurance, National School of Insurance, Paris, France Degree of the High Institute of Reinsurance (batch 1995)

• October 1985 Faculty of Law and Economics, University of Dijon, France Licence of Economics - Public Economy & Management Option

2. LANGUAGE SKILLS

• English Fluent • Spanish Fair • French Native Speaker

3. OTHER SKILLS Excellent knowledge of Office Suite (Word, Excel, Power Point, Access), MS Publisher, Quark Xpress and Dreamweaver MX4 (Web design)

4. MEMBERSHIPS Member of “Sup de Re” the fellowship association from the High Institute of Reinsurance, Paris

5. PRESENT POSITION CEERD/FIHRD – Energy-Environment Consultancy Organization

• Project Financial Officer

6. KEY QUALIFICATIONS • Excellent knowledge of business finance, activity budgeting and reporting;

• Expertise of Risk management and Insurance techniques;

• Knowledge of Editing and Publishing business, including computer aided techniques.

7. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE RECORD

• August 2006 to present:

CEERD/FIHRD – Centre for Energy Environment Resources Development Bangkok (Thailand)

Position: Project Financial Officer

Responsibilities:

- Monitoring the on-going project budgets and work-loads: tracking and reporting year-to-date progress;

28

- Building up project budgets in the scope of Call for proposals in the energy-environment field;

- Improving the Centre’s library database (migrating the existing text data to an Access DB);

- Additionally, contributing to the content and design of the website to be launched.

• October 2002 – June 2006

TELL Publishers Co. Blida (Algeria)

Position: CEO and Chairman of the Board of directors from TELL Publishers Co.

Responsibilities: - Managing the newly created publishing company as Executive Publishing Manager; - Defining and implementing the publishing programme from the company together with the directors of Collections: 25 titles after 4 years, related to literature, history and heritage, management, as well as fine books; - Negotiating contracts for the transfer of rights and royalties; - Contributing to the design and layout of books; - Representative to the Book Fairs (Frankfurt, Paris, Casablanca and Algiers); - Sales manager nationwide and abroad through selected distributors; - Designing and updating the Web site.

• 1991 to October 2002

AXA Corporate Solutions Paris (France)

Position: "Chargé d'Etudes" & Coordination / Marine (Hull and Cargo) Reinsurance

Responsibilities: - Contributing to the yearly reinsurance programme for the Marine division (portfolio profiles, reinsurance statistics, burning-cost quotations and programme structure); - Following-up the major claims files for updating the reinsurance database, particularly with respect to Excess of Loss protection (calculating reserves, claims and reinstatements addressed to the reinsurers); - Contributing to the calculation of loss reserves for the Marine division (maintaining and running an Access DB to evaluate the net of reinsurance charge) in the scope of a perpetual inventory system; - Administrating contractual conditions for reinsurance treaties or facultative slips and responsible for the registration of reinsurance conditions in the accounting database; - Monitoring the reinsurance data migration process in the framework of a data system overhaul at AXA Corporate Solutions.

• 1986 to 1991

La Réunion Européenne (merged with AXA Group in 1996) Paris (France)

Position: Road haulier's Insurance Underwriter and Claims Manager

Responsibilities: - Underwriting Inland Cargo & Road haulier’s liability Insurance Policies; - Managing Insurance policies and endorsements; - Settling Inland Cargo & Road haulier’s liability claims; - Tutor for the introduction of a word processing software to issuing the contracts.

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5) Environmentalist Name ALEXANDRE, Jean-Marc Date of Birth 09 July 1973 Nationality French Civil Status Single 1. EDUCATION / PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

• September 1999, University of Montpellier I, France MASTER’S DEGREE in Energy Economics and Law

• September 1997, University of Montpellier I, France BACHELOR’S DEGREE in Economic and Financial Project Management

2. LANGUAGE SKILLS • French Native speaker

• English Fluent

• Spanish Academic

• Thai Good notions

3. OTHER SKILLS Word processing (Microsoft Word), spreadsheet software (Microsoft Excel), presentation software (Microsoft PowerPoint), Internet Search Engines

4. COUNTRIES OF WORK EXPERIENCE Thailand, Lao PDR, France, French Guiana

5. PRESENT POSITION CEERD/FIHRD – Energy-Environment Consultancy Organization

• Project Manager

6. EMPLOYMENT RECORD AND CURRENT ACTIVITIES:

• From May 1999 to present

Center for Energy-Environment Research and Development (CEERD) Bangkok, Thailand

Position Researcher and Project Manager Job Description

1) Energy-Environment policy and planning:

Energy demand and supply forecasting and analysis, energy policy, energy conservation policies and programs, economic aspects of energy projects, impacts of energy choices on national/regional economy.

2) Energy-environment technologies:

Clean technologies in industry, new and renewable energy technologies, energy efficient technologies, potential for transfer of clean technologies in Asia, market surveys, match-making between suppliers and buyers, etc.

30

3) Project proposals:

Preparation of project proposals to international organizations (European Commission, Asia-Invest, Synergy, Ademe, APEC, ADB, World Bank, NEDO, etc.)

4) Project Management:

Implementation of projects in collaboration with the European Commission, Asia-Invest, Ademe, Thai institutions, etc.

7. KEY QUALIFICATIONS: • ORGANIZATION OF AND TRAINING DURING CONFERENCES, SEMINARS AND WORKSHOPS:

- CFME/ACTIM/ADEME/CEERD: Workshop and Industrial Meetings – New and Renewable Energy Sources, Bangkok, Thailand, 4-5 October 1999.

- EC/SYNERGY/CFME/ACTIM: Asia – Energia: Workshop and Industrial Meetings – New and Renewable Energy Technologies, Bangkok, Thailand, April 2000.

- CEERD/CMP: Clean Technologies in Industry: a Means to Improve Environmental Performance and Competitiveness, Bangkok, Thailand, Entech Pollutec 2002, seminar on 10 May 2002.

- EC/Asia-Invest/CEERD/Ademe: Clean Technologies: Investment Opportunities in Thailand for European Companies, Lyon, France, Pollutec 2002, seminar on 27 November 2002.

• PROJECT MANAGEMENT:

- ADEME/CEERD, Preparation of a Regional Workshop and In-Country Training Seminars to Facilitate the Transfer of Clean Technologies in Industry in Asia, January June 2001.

- EC/Asia-Invest/CEERD/Ademe: Facilitating the Dissemination of European Clean Technologies in Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand, February 2002 April 2003.

- EC/ASEM/UNIVESRITY OF KARLRUSHE/FIHRD/ECN/ACE/RISOE/UNIVESRITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, ASEM-Green IPP network, January 2002 January 2004.

• INDUSTRIAL COOPERATION:

- CFME/ACTIM/ADEME/CEERD: Workshop and Industrial Meetings – New and Renewable Energy Sources, Bangkok, Thailand, 4-5 October 1999.

- EC/SYNERGY/CFME/ACTIM: Asia – Energia: Workshop and Industrial Meetings – New and Renewable Energy Technologies, Bangkok, Thailand, April 2000.

- EC/Asia-Invest/CEERD/Ademe: Facilitating the Dissemination of European Clean Technologies in Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand, February 2002 - April 2003.

• MARKET SURVEYS:

- ADEME/CEERD, Survey of Clean Technologies in Selected Countries in Asia in the Framework of EU-Asia Economic Cooperation, January December 2000.

- NEDO/CEERD: A Survey on Potentials for Energy and Environmental Cooperation in South Asia and Indochina, April 2001.

- CEERD: Investment Opportunities in Thailand for European Suppliers of Clean Technologies, May October 2002.

• RESEARCH PAPERS / PROJECT REPORTS / PUBLICATIONS:

- SEATEC/AITA-NET/ CEERD/Lahmeyer International Consult/SCHEMA Konsult, Inc. Study of Large Dams and Recommended Practices-Nam Ngum Hydropower Project, Case Study Report, January 2000.

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- SEATEC/AITA-NET/ CEERD/Lahmeyer International Consult/SCHEMA Konsult, Inc. Study of Large Dams and Recommended Practices-Victoria Hydropower Project, Case Study Report, March 2000.

- SEATEC/AITA-NET/ CEERD/Lahmeyer International Consult/SCHEMA Konsult, Inc. Study of Large Dams and Recommended Practices-Magat Hydropower Project, Case Study Report, April 2000.

- SEATEC/AITA-NET/ CEERD/Lahmeyer International Consult/SCHEMA Konsult, Inc. Study of Large Dams and Recommended Practices-Lingjintan Hydropower Project, Case Study Report, July 2000.

- SEATEC/AITA-NET/ CEERD/Lahmeyer International Consult/SCHEMA Konsult, Inc. Study of Large Dams and Recommended Practices-Final Report, December 2000.

- ADEME/CEERD: Survey of Clean Technologies in Selected Countries in Asia in the Framework of EU-Asia Economic Cooperation, December 2000.

- ALEXANDRE, J-M: Status and Prospects of Hydropower Projects in Asia, in Asian Energy News, February 2001.

- NEDO/CEERD: A Survey on Potentials for Energy and Environmental Cooperation in South Asia and Indochina, April 2001.

- ADEME/CEERD: Preparation of a Regional Workshop and In-Country Training Seminars to Facilitate the Transfer of Clean Technologies in Industry in Asia, June 2001.

- CEERD/ADEME: Facilitating the Dissemination of European Clean Technologies in Thailand, project for EC/Asia-Invest - interim report June 2002.

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6) Assistant Community Coordinator 1. Surname: MUSIKAJATT 2. Name: KRAISIT 3. Date and place of birth: 25 November 1951, Bangkok

4. Nationality: Thai

5. Civil Status: Single Address (phone/fax/e-mail): P.O. Box 250 Ladprao, Ladprao Road, Bangkok 10130 Thailand Tel: 02 935 2553, Fax: 02 935 2554 Mobile: 05 832 7388

6. Education: Institutions: Gother University, Germany Date: From (months/year) To (months/year)

February, 1980 October, 1983

Degree: Bachelor Degree Of Natural Energy 7. Language skills (Mark 1 to 5 for competence, where 5 is the highest):

Language Level Passive Spoken WrittenThai Mother Tongue 5 5 5

German 4 4 4 English 4 4 3

8. Membership of Professional Bodies: Green Peace in Sweden, 1980

9. Other skills

Microsoft Word and Excel Computer Hard Wares Maintenance Effective co-ordination skills, with experience working in a multi-disciplinary and multi-

cultural team

10. Present Position: General Manager, PLD Supply Co., LTD

11. Years of professional experience: 5 Years

12. Key qualifications: Solar Technique (Sun Energy)

13. Specific experience in non industrialized countries: Country Date: from (month/year)

to (month/year)

Name and brief description of

the project

Cambodia 1998 to 2002 Hospital and Prosthetic Lower Lime Lao PDR 2002 to Present Solar Panels Instelation (UPS)

14. Professional experience: Date: 1998 to Present

Location Bangkok, Thailand

Company / Organisation PLD Supply Co., Ltd

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Position General Manager

Job Description 1. Assistance in marketing of all mineral quartz, silica powder, sodium feldspar, silica sand, garnet sand etc.

2. Sales and management 3. Feasibility of project implementation, doing the

research of raw quartz or silica sand for making solar energy and renewable energy.

- Solar lighting - Solar water pumping - Solar battery stands - Solar wind (Combi)

Date: 1998 to Present

Location Thailand

Company / Organisation Freelance

Position Project Coordinator and Project Feasibility

Job Description Feasibility and Coordination of the following projects:

1. Coconuts Factory at Tapsakae in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand

2. Silica sand and sand from Kok Por and Peam Krasob, Channels of Mundul seima district, Kok Kong Province, Cambodia

3. Hospital and Prosthetic lower limb, Cambodia (Furnished up on request)

4. Kantana Movie Town (Case Study) - GHG: Greenhouse Gases Global Warming- CDM: Clean Development Mechanism - Kyoto Protocol using in Thailand and Asia

countries. 5. “Kidco,W” Land Bridge Project (Project stopped)

Date: 1990 to 1995

Location Rayong Province, Thailand

Company / Organisation Lotus Crystal Co., Ltd

Position Assistant to the Factory

Job Description 1. Training the workers (German language to Thai language)

2. Control line production 3. Overseas marketing

15. Others: Publications and Seminars:

• Participated in “Regional Dissemination Workshop on Energy Integrated Urban Planning (EIUP)”, 13-14 March 2006, UN Conference Centre, Bangkok, Thailand, organized by CEERD-FIHRD and UNESCAP.

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Appendix 6: Design and Monitoring Framework

Design

Summary Performance Targets

/ Indicators Data Sources

/ Reporting Mechanisms Assumptions

and Risks Impact Value adding to local coconut cultivation and processing by setting up an activated carbon factory in Tap Sakae (Thailand) / Increased turnover and Income generation in the local communities.

Once the facility has been established the result can be assessed via local living standard

Number of motorcycles in the community, number of pick-ups, turnover from shops selling construction materials

Assumptions The facility is established

Risks Project is not feasible, and the facility is not established

Outcome In cooperation with local stakeholders, to prepare a plan for local sustainable use of residues from cultivation and processing of coconuts. To prepare an Initial evaluation of the potential for the development of AC water and air filters.

Implemention of a pre-feasibility study for production of activated carbon and assessment of a unit for manufacturing air and water filters

Reports scheduled

Assumptions The activated carbon and filter facility are established

Risks Project is not feasible

Outputs Identification of: • Stakeholders • Coconut availability • Technology • Legal and institutional framework • Conceptual design • Investment budget • Pre-feasibility and cash flow • Financing sources • Market analysis • Conditions for filter production • Quality requirements • Replicability Potential • Assessment of Environmental Impacts • CDM opportunities

Investigations related to the different outputs are carried out

Existence of lists/ tables with relevant information of identified outputs from: • International Statistics; • Technology Providers; • National & International

Markets; • National Statistics; • Provincial Statistics; • Local or National Surveys; • Direct Interviews with local

officers, coconut growers and coconut processors

Assumptions

Access to all information is possible

Risks

Some essential information can’t be retrieved

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Activities with Milestones (see Scope of work)

1. Stakeholders 1.1. Meeting with cooperatives and local producers 1.2. Meeting with coconut processing industries 1.3. Meeting with community stakeholder in a Public Hearing 2. Institutional and legal framework 2.1. Meetings with relevant authorities at national, provincial and local levels 3. Potentials Resources (human, raw material, etc…) 3.1. Identification of potential Activated Carbon buyers 3.2. Identify Quality Requirements 3.3. Assessment of market for water and air filters (ready made/costumer specified). 4. Technology and Processes 4.1. Evaluation of the different technologies and processes 4.2. Finalization of Conceptual Design 4.3. Preparation investment and operational budget 5. Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment 5.1. Emission potential evaluation 5.2. Assessment of CDM potential 6. Outline of Financial Plan 6.1. Economic analysis with sensitivity analysis 6.2. Identification of financing sources and project Implementation Plan 7. Final Report

Inputs • ADB funding

USD 50,000.00 • CEERD -1- Project Coordination -2- Experts in various project

fields: Project Coordinator /

Planner Community Expert Technology Expert Marketing Expert Economic and Financial

Expert Environmentalist

-3- Administration -4- Offices and Equipments • Local Community

Local Agricultural Expert Statistics and other

information

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Appendix 7: Field trip Reports

1st Field visit to Thap Sakae, Prachuab Khirikhan 14th November, 2007

11h - Meeting and Discussion with Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng, Mayor from Tap Sakae District Administration Office and his collaborators:

presentation of the Team and the Project; discussion about the Questionnaire (see Annex 1); scheduling the meeting with the Coconut Association members in the afternoon.

12h30 – Lunch with Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng and his collaborators 14h – Meeting with the Coconut Association members (see Annex 2 with some pictures) After a speech by Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng, president of the Coconut Association, Mr. Wanipong Manee-Noi, Chief Officer Assistant from Tap Sakae District Administration Office introduced the team members from CEERD, and the Powerpoint presentation was done by Prof. T. Lefevre (see Annex 3).

A public composed with coconut growers, charcoal producers and officials of around 50 persons attended the meeting. The last slide of the presentation was opening to questions from the assistance (see Annex 4, the list of participants with the name of contributors in bold).

Q. When will take place the public consultation? A. Before March, may be in January/February 2008, will take place Provincial public hearings.

Q. Will we have more information about the project before them? A. Yes, a document in Thai language will be prepared and distributed before the Public hearings.

Q. For charcoal procurement will you deal on a case by case basis with local producers, or will you turn to a middleman? A. Because of the volumes being processed, the supply of charcoal will have to be done on a large scale. A middleman will most probably be needed, or local producers could be encouraged to set up a supplying cooperative that will pool their production and carry out the trading and logistical supply of charcoal. This solution could be very promising as it will allow in an easy way to train charcoal producers on production techniques.

C. The next issue is about the quality of locally produced charcoal: because open drums being used, the process cannot be closely controlled, the charcoal quality is not regular and at least 10% of the product is lost lowering benefits as well.

C. Larger quantities being processed allow for flue gas treatment that can be used for steam generation and/or electricity production.

C. The plant could start with a part only of its capacity for activating charcoal, and the remaining capacity starting from coconut shell as a pilot project to improve the quality of charcoal produced in the region (training center).

Q. How much clean must be the shells? A. To facilitate the activation process, ie the creation of pores, the shells need to be very well cleaned and a middleman or a cooperative could be in charge to enforce a standard in this respect.

Q. What about the humidity level from the supply of charcoal: because of the water used to stop the carbonization process, humidity can be quite high? A. Then to measure the quantities traded, a laboratory analysis will be needed at the AC plant: the plant will buy/pay for carbon (moisture level not more than 20%), not for water!

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C. As a conclusion, next public hearings will provide more information about the project to initiate a further discussion. Furthermore, the participation from the community in the project design and implementation is essential. Finally, this is a community project: the project will be due in Thap Sakae if (i) the supply of raw material (feed stocks) is available, (ii) the community is willing to be part of it, (iii) the financing is available.

Then the Coconut Association President, Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng, asked the members to show their adhesion to the project and a vote by hands raising indicated that a large majority was enthusiastic to supporting the project and the plant installation.

To conclude the meeting, the Association President thanked the participants and took advantage of the audience to introduce another project related to biodiesel production from coconut flesh fermentation, an additional sign of the richness of Coconut for the rural community in the region. 16h30 – Visit to Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng factory (a comprehensive collection of pictures is annexed to the second field trip report) 18h00 – Dinner with Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng and his collaborators 19h30 – Back to Bangkok

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Annex 1 – Questionnaire 1. ACTORS IN THE REGION:

Number of coconut grower Associations in Prachuap Khirikan province?

Number of members in each of these associations?

2. PLANTATION AREA:

What is the coconut plantation area (by district):

- Tap Sakae:

- Mueang Prachuap Khirikan:

- Bang Saphan:

- Kui Buri:

- Bang Saphan Noi:

- Pran Buri:

- Hua Hin:

- Sam Roi Yot:

What is the average number of coconut trees per Rai?

What is the production of coconuts per tree and per day/month/year?

How old are the trees?

Is there any management plan of coconut plantations (re-plantation of coconuts of maybe other crops)?

What are the other crops associated to coconut plantations (is something cultivated in-between the coconut trees)?

3. HARVESTING & PROCESSING:

How many people work is needed for coconut harvesting (per Rai)?

What is the mode of harvesting? (Picking from the ground or from upper trees?)

What is the frequency of harvesting (Daily, weekly, monthly…)?

Are there any annual variations in coconut supply? (due to seasonal change)

4. USE OF COCONUTS:

Different uses of coconut:

Names and eventually contact persons, address, e-mail etc. of firms related to coconut products (copra, milk, fiber, dust, charcoal…)?

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How many shells are needed to produce 1 ton of charcoal with existing used technology?

What are the alternative uses of shells (cooking, heating, other) and in what quantity?

Is there any additional use of fiber waste?

5. TRANSPORT

What are the transportation costs by distance and by means of conveyance

- Truck (road)

- Train (rail)?

- Ship (sea)?

6. REGIONAL INFORMATION

What is the price of the land for plant construction in Tap Sakae (Baht per Rai)?

Is there availability of piece of land of 4 - 10 Rais?

What is the security situation in Prachuap Khirikan province?

7. MANAGEMENT:

Who could be interested in this project?

How do you see the involvement of Coconut Associations in the project?

Who will be the direct shareholder: President of the coconut association, the Association or the individual members of the Association?

How many shares they would like to have?

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Annex 2. Pictures from the visit

Lunch time!

Coconut processing plant where the meeting took place Coconut Association President, Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng

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Powerpoint presentation Some of the speakers from the Q and A session

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Group picture

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Annex 3 – Slides from the Powerpoint presentation

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45

46

47

48

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Annex 4 – List of Participants from the Meeting with the Coconut Association Members Tap Sakae, 14th November, 2007

No. Name Address Tel 1 Mr. Sang-voei Buathong No. 69/2 Moo. 5 2 Mr. Phloy Chuayrat No. 1/15 3 Mr. Phong Khongsri No. 6/115 4 Mr. Suwan Paladchang No. 7 Moo. 5 5 Mr. Boonsin Markprasert No. 2/5 6 Mr. Sompoch Sudpimsri No. 74 7 Mrs. Janthana Udomsin No. 21/1 8 Mrs. Mukda Laklaem No. 105 Moo. 3 9 Mrs. Unchalee Laklaem No. 105 Moo. 3

10 Mr. Phanom Jaemjamras No. 124/1 Moo. 8 11 Mrs. Raphin Paen-In No. 15/4 Moo. 1 12 Mr. Sukkaew Hormchuen No. 88/2 Moo. 2 13 Mrs. Suchada Daengchuong No. 90 Moo. 2 14 Mrs. Sunan Daengchuong No. 90 Moo. 2 15 Ms. Siriphinya Srisiriwilaikul No. 78/1 Moo. 5 16 Mr. Thiang Kong-Asai No. 61 Moo. 5 087-822325617 Mrs. Lamphu Sirilak No. 140 Moo. 7 18 Mrs. Kray Kerdphoom No. 126 Moo. 7 19 Mrs. Amphai Sa-ard-Rup No. 124/1 Moo. 7 20 Mr. Somjit Thongrod No. 9/1 Moo. 5 21 Mrs. Wanpen Kulchaikul No. 5/2 Moo. 1 22 Mrs. Unchalee In-Siri No. 16 Moo. 1 23 Mr. Phanom Chaichok No. 43 Moo. 1 24 Mrs. Suthisa Ong-Chet No. 71/7 Moo. 1 25 Mrs. Wanna Tapaothong No. 71 Moo. 1 26 Mrs. Somjai Nujabkaew No. 14/16 27 Mrs. Rumpoei Makprasert No. 14/7 28 Mr. Thonglor Ong-Chet No. 71/4 29 Mr. Janraem Jai-song No. 75 30 Mrs. Noi Duongyai No. 43 31 Mrs. Pranee Theu-Sin No. 50 32 Ms. Wannaporn Ngernthaeng No. 58 33 Mrs. Chamnian Somsri No. 42/2 34 Mrs. Chuoy Somsri No. 42/2 35 Mrs. Thongkham Meeyen No. 7/5 36 Mrs. Gaysorn Thiammork No. 44 37 Ms. Duongporn Thiammork No. 34/1

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38 Mrs. Wanthana Kemnark No. 73 39 Mrs. Anong Kemnark No. 73/1 40 Mrs. Sommai Seneewong No. 61/5 41 Mr. Wim Trilert No. 118/5 Moo. 8 089-919584842 Mr. Weera Sirilak No. 192 Moo. 7 089-163979543 Ms. Khwanruen Phinpradup No. 47 Moo. 5 44 Mr. Prapat Simpha Owner of D. Engineering (No. 39/1 Moo. 5) 45 Mr. Supod Kaewwichian No. 137/2 Moo. 1 089-910494446 Mr. Jancherd Samlee No. 28/5

47 Mr. Saichon Joisoi Entrepreneur (No. 37 Moo. 3, Angthong Sub-district) 081-9814378

48 Mr. Sanom Manee-Daeng Village Head Moo. 7 (No.35 Moo. 6, Angthong Sub-district) 086-0669291

49 Mr. Kaew Kulchaikul No.5/2 Moo. 1 083-425171050 Mr. Pradith Somsri No. 33/1 086-505145551 Mr. Phanlop Kedraksa Village Head Moo. 5 089-126788452 Mr. Mana Laila-iad No. 42/2 Moo. 2 085-186150353 Mrs. Rattana Pakhapongpan Thap Sakae District Agricultural Office 089-8238174

54 Mr. Seththee Nikorachanon Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) 081-3130548

55 Mr. Wanipong Manee-Noi Assistant District Chief Officer of Thap Sakae District Administration Office 081-8986309

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2nd Field visit to Thap Sakae, Prachuab Khirikhan 6th December, 2007

11h - Meeting and Discussion with Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng, Mayor from Tap Sakae District Administration Office and his collaborators. The following points were mentioned and/or discussed:

next visit to 2 or 3 land plots available for the plant installation; summing up of the project framework:

o pre-feasibility study from ADB, 6 months length (however, for finalization of the present phase, April 2008 is targeted);

o loan for financing the project (possible credit line); o if the project proves to be viable with community benefits, the experience could

be disseminated to other places in Asia under the same financing line; o other sources of financing could be found in Thailand (SMEs…).

in addition to the information collected with the Questionnaire (see the revised version as Annex 1, together with its translation in Thai) and Statistics for 2006 from the coconut plantations in Prachuab Khirikhan Province, some other information are provided to the visiting team along the discussion: - coconut flesh is sent daily to food industries; - there are 5 bigger coconut processors in Tap Sakae; they will be potential partners

for this present project development; - local producers already provide activated carbon factories with charcoal they produce; - 500 tons of coconut shell are produced monthly in Tap Sakae; activated carbon

factories already using around 50 tons of coconut shell per day; - powder resulting from the cleaning process of the shell (straw) can be compacted

and sold (20 satang per kg) for using as compost, building material… However, only a few % are actually sold and most of it stay on the spot, with the following problems: o bug contamination that can further infest the coconut trees in the area (because

of this sanitary issue, the trading with Japan of compacted powder had to be stopped); Khun Chod’s company alone produce 40 tons per day of powder while big coconut growers can produce up to 100 tons per day;

o risk of explosion and fire. - samples of cleaned coconut shells (5), charcoal (5 kgs), powder and fiber that are

needed for analysis will be provided by Khun Chod’s company; - project funds can be used to training people for better practice and to improve the

processes from producers to making higher quality charcoal; - if the plant process starts from coconut shell instead of charcoal, flue gas from the

process could be used for steam production or producing electricity, lowering then the production costs with a very positive impact on the environment (methane emission reduction, possibility of CDM application, etc.);

- the factory should rely on a pool of charcoal producers, like a cooperative of producers providing a significant volume of charcoal with a standard quality;

- potential partners should provide their inputs for designing et setting up the factory, such as: provision of coconuts, shells or charcoal, long term agreement, price, etc.;

- public hearings need to be organized to inform and to collect the whole community opinions before the start of the project to avoid negative public reactions later.

As a conclusion to the meeting, a work plan for coming activities is decided as follows:

1. Production of a small brochure in Thai giving information on the project at the start of 2008;

2. Third visit to Tap Sakae: mid January to discuss with potential shareholders;

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3. Fourth visit to Tap Sakae: mid February 2008, at the time of Provincial Public Hearings; 4. Finalization of the report for ADB: end of April 2008; 5. Potential discussions of financing with ADB and local shareholders: starting April 2008.

12h30 – Lunch with Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng and his collaborators 14h00 - Visit to 2 potential plots available (see Annex 2)

the first one is located on the main road, 20 rai, with electricity and water supply, easy road access and priced 1 million baht per rai;

the second one, 500 meters to 1 km away, 70 rai, is close to the road with electricity posts; presenting water surfacing; priced 300,000 baht per rai. In front of it, another plot is being prepared for hosting a plant for compacting coconut shell powder (with a potential market in Europe).

14h30 – Visit to Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng’s factory (Annex 3) plus an additional visit to a Gasifier plant and an experimental Bio-fuel plant, still in Tap Sakae district. 17h30 – Back to Bangkok

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Annex 1. Questionnaire (revised version)

1. ACTORS IN THE REGION:

Number and contacts details (Name, address, telephone, fax, e-mail, etc…) of coconut grower Associations in Prachuap Khirikan province?

Number of members in each of these associations? Name and contact of the President of each association?

2. PLANTATION AREA IN THE PROVINCE:

What is the coconut plantation area (by district):

Total Number of coconuts used as

food (per day, month or

year)

Number of coconut used for charcoal (per day, month or

year)

Number of coconut unused

(per day, month or year)

Thap Sakae

Mueang Prachuap Khirikan

Bang Saphan

Kui Buri

Bang Saphan Noi

Pran Buri

Hua Hin

Sam Roi Yot

3. HARVESTING & PROCESSING:

How many people are needed to harvest one Rai of coconut plantation?

What is the total production of coconut shell in the province (in tons)?

What is the volume of the present unused coconuts? And, what happens to them?

4. USE OF COCONUTS:

Can you provide a list of the factories using coconuts as raw material (with names of factory, name of contact persons, address, telephone, fax, e-mail etc)?

What are these factories doing with the coconut shells after they have used the coconuts?

What are the alternatives uses of shells (cooking, heating, charcoal, others) and in what quantity in each category?

Do coconut growers or suppliers of charcoal provide charcoal as a raw material to existing Activating Carbon Plants in Thailand? If yes, in what quantities, and for what plant?

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5. TRANSPORT

Are coconut/charcoal transported by sea? From which port?

What are the transportation costs (per kg or per tons) by distance ( kilometers) and by means of conveyance

- Truck (road): - Train (rail): - Ship (sea):

What are the Deep Sea Ports available close to Thap Sakae? Please list them. How far (in kilometers) are they from Thap Sakae?

6. PLANT LOCATION

Is 50 Rai land in Bang Saphan district (Government Land Class C) constructible? How far is it from the seaport? Does it have access to electricity, water? Does it have good road access? Can it be flooded?

What are the other potential lands apart from the 50 Rai land in Bang Saphan district (Government Land Class C)? If possible please provide a list of other potential available lands.

7. STAKEHOLDERS

Are the coconut growers, suppliers of charcoal, coconut associations willing to be involved in this project?

If yes, how many and who is ready to participate in the project? Please provide a tentative list of coconut growers, companies and associations willing to be involved as shareholders.

How do coconut growers, suppliers of charcoal or associations see their involvement in this project? What could they bring to the equity shareholding?

What kind of warranty are they willing to provide in the long term, particularly in relation with long term prices for coconuts/coconuts shells/charcoal?

How coconut growers would like to be involved in the shareholding:

a. As coconut providers only?

b. As coconut shell providers only

c. As charcoal providers only?

d. As project shareholders?

What is the national and/or local administration willingness to be involved in the project? How could they support the project? What? How? Who?

How could a public hearing be organized in relation with the charcoal plant concept, design, construction and operation? Where? When? With who?

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Annex 1 bis. Thai version of the Questionnaire

แบบสอบถาม

1. กลมเกษตรกรในทองถน

กลมเกษตรกรทาสวนมะพราวในจงหวดประจวบครขนธ มจานวนทงหมดกกลม

ในแตละกลมเกษตรกรทาสวนมะพราว มสมาชกทงหมดกคน

2. พนทเพาะปลก

พนทเพาะปลกสวนมะพราวในแตละอาเภอ มจานวนกไร - อาเภอทบสะแก - อาเภอเมองประจวบครขนธ - อาเภอบางสะพาน - อาเภอกยบร - อาเภอบางสะพานนอย - อาเภอปราณบร - อาเภอหวหน - อาเภอสามรอยยอด

จานวนตนมะพราวโดยเฉลยตอไร เปนจานวนเทาไร

ผลผลตของลกมะพราวตอตน ในแตละวน / เดอน/ ป เปนจานวนเทาไร

ตนมะพราวมอายกป

ทานมแผนจดการในการทาสวนมะพราวหรอไม (เชน ปลกตนมะพราวใหม หรอปลกพช หมนเวยน)

พชหมนเวยนชนดใดทนามาปลกในสวนมะพราว (หรอพชชนดอนทนามาปลกแทรก ระหวางตนมะพราวแตละตน)

3. การเกบเกยวผลผลต และการดาเนนการ

ในการเกบมะพราวจาเปนตองใชคนงานจานวนกคนตอไร

56

วธการทใชในการเกบลกมะพราว (เกบทพน หรอขนไปเกบบนตนมะพราว)

ความถในการเกบลกมะพราว เปนเทาไร (รายวน, รายสปดาห, รายเดอน)

มตวแปรในการเกบเกยวผลผลตหรอไม (เชน สภาพอากาศทเปลยนแปลง)

4. การนามะพราวไปใช

ความแตกตางในการใชมะพราว

การนามะพราวไปใช ราคา ผลผลต (จานวน) สถานทขาย จานวนบรษท / โรงงานในทองท

มะพราวทงลก

นามะพราว

เนอมะพราว (เนอมะพราวแหง)

กะท

หวกะท

กะทผง

นามนมะพราว

ใยมะพราว

กากมะพราว

ถานอดแทงจาก กะลามะพราว

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รายชอบรษททดาเนนกจการเกยวกบผลผลตทไดจากมะพราว (เชน เนอมะพราวแหง, กะท, ใยมะพราว, ถานอดแทงจากกะลามะพราว) และชอบคคลทสามารถตดตอได, ทอย, อเมล

ในการผลตถานอดแทงจากกะลามะพราว จานวน 1 ตน โดยไมใชเทคโนโลยชวยในการผลต จะตองใชเปลอกมะพราวจานวนเทาไร

ทานสามารถนาเปลอกมะพราวมาใชทาอะไรอกบาง (เชน ทาอาหาร, ใหความรอน, อนๆ) และใชในปรมาณเทาไหร

มการใชกากมะพราวในการทาอยางอนหรอไม

5. การขนสง

คาขนสงในการขนมะพราว โดยคดตามระยะทาง หรอคดตามวธในการสง - รถบรรทก - รถไฟ - เรอ

6. ขอมลทองท

ราคาทดนในการกอสรางโรงงานในอาเภอทบสะแก (ราคากบาท/ไร)

มทดนวางจานวน 4 – 10 ไรในอาเภอทบสะแกหรอไม

สถานการณความปลอดภยในจงหวดประจวบครขนธเปนอยางไรบาง

7. การจดการ

ทานคดวาผใดนาจะเขารวม/สนใจ ในโครงการน

ทานคดวากลมเกษตรกรทาสวนมะพราวจะมสวนรวมในโครงการนอยางไร

ใครคอผถอหนของกลมเกษตรกรทาสวนมะพราว ระหวางประธานกลมเกษตรกรทาสวน มะพราว, กลมเกษตรกรทาสวนมะพราว หรอ สมาชกของกลม

ทานตองการถอหน จานวนกหน

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Annex 2. Visit to 2 potential plots for the factory installation

First plot: 20 rai, along the main road,

priced 1 million baht per rai

Second plot: 70 rai, along a secondary road;

priced 300,000 baht per rai

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Second plot (continued)

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Annex 3. Visit to a Coconut shell charcoal factory

There are 5 manufacturers of coconut shell charcoal in Tap Sakae district. They all use

the same technique for making charcoal. The process described below is illustrated with pictures

from Mr. Chod Ngernthaeng’s factory.

Coconuts being delivered in bulk

First, husk is removed manually. You can see on the picture above the way it is done. A

sharp knife fixed on vertical stick is used to remove the outer (fiber) shell, by downward

movement.

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Later, the inner (hard)

shell is also removed manually,

using a small axe.

The hard shell is now

ready for carbonization.

Carbonization is a

process of impartial burning of

carbonaceous materials. It is

done in barrels (picture next

page) by burning the shells for

approximately 8h. As both quality

and volume of charcoal depend

on how air is well controlled

during the burning process, this

technique has poor yield and

gives low quality end products as

well. In addition, the gases

generated which could be used

as combustible, are also lost in

the atmosphere creating an

environmental hazard.

Charcoal manufacture could be

done with kilns specially

designed instead. Thus, both

quality and quantity of end

product would be improved.

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Later, charcoal is crushed

and passed through a screen

where ash is separated.

Charcoal is mixed with

starch and compacted into

charcoal briquettes. These

briquettes are sold for barbecue

and cooking devices at a price of

10 Baht per kg ($1=33B)

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The residues from Coconut

processing can be partially used.

Copra’s brown skin is used

in coconut oil production (skin is

put into the water, boiled and the

coconut oil is simply skimmed off).

Coconut flesh is washed

before being collected (every day)

to be processed by the food

industry.

Debris of copra are dried in

smoke-drying kiln and sold for bio-

diesel production.

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Coconut shell is used to fuel

the kiln.

At the start of the whole

process, husk is removed and then

hackled to extract the fiber. The

fiber is baled and sold abroad for

furniture industry. However,

producers complain about the price

that felt down, from 15 Baht per kg

last year to 10 Baht now.

At this stage, a huge

quantity of fiber dust (powder) is

being produced (see picture next

page). The outer shell contains

approximately 33% of fiber and

66% of dust. Dozens of tons of

dust are produced daily by each

charcoal manufacturer in Tap

Sakae district. The dust is used in

a very small scale for production of

fertilizers, while most of it remains

unexploited.

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It may be possible to add

value to this residue by using it as

a fuel at the Activated Carbon

factory.

Visit to a Gasifier plant in

the District of Tap Sakae, an

experimental project for producing

electricity (from the Department of

Alternative Energy Development

and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of

Energy.

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67

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Visit to a bio-diesel production plant from copra in the District of Tap Sakae.