Texas Youth Tobacco Survey Texas Youth Tobacco Survey has been conducted during the follow-ing time...

Texas Youth Tobacco Survey

Prevalance of Tobacco Use Among Public Middle andHigh School Students

Grades 6-12

1999-2001Bureau of Chronic Disease and Tobacco Prevention

Texas Department of Health

1999 2001

Acknowledgements

The Bureau of Chronic Disease and Tobacco Prevention at TexasDepartment of Health (TDH) gratefully acknowledges thecontributions of local survey administrators. Since 1998, the TexasYouth Tobacco Survey (TXYTS) has been a combined effort of regionalstaff from the following TDH program areas:

Office of Tobacco Prevention and ControlCardiovascular Health and WellnessTexas Comprehensive School Health Network

In addition, volunteers from local health departments and communitygroups worked with schools in their respective areas to ensure surveyparticipation. Thanks to the Texas Education Agency and allsuperintendents, principals, teachers and other school staff whorecognized the importance of establishing this ongoing system forcollecting statewide data on youth tobacco use and worked with us tomake sure survey procedures were understood and followed. Yourcontinued support of the Texas Youth Tobacco Survey is greatlyappreciated.

Special thanks to the Office on Smoking and Health, Centers forDisease Control and Prevention, for their assistance with survey designand analysis.

The Texas Youth Tobacco Survey has been conducted during the follow-ing time periods:

Spring 1998

Spring 1999

Fall/Winter 2001

The TXYTS is conducted by the Bureau of Chronic Disease andTobacco Prevention at Texas Department of Health to provide statewideand regional data on youth tobacco use. Reports from the 1998TXYTS and information about other tobacco-related activities in Texascan be found on the Texas Department of Health Office of TobaccoPrevention and Control web site:

http://www.tdh.state.tx.us/otpc

Bureau of Chronic Disease and Tobacco PreventionTexas Department of Health

1100 West 49th StreetAustin, Texas 78756-3199

(512) 458-7200

Texas Commissioner of HealthEduardo Sanchez, M.D., M.P.H.

Prepared by:

Philip Huang, M.D., M.P.H.Chief, Bureau of Chronic Diseaseand Tobacco Prevention

Celan J. Alo, M.D., M.P.H.Epidemiologist

Richard KroppTexas YouthTobacco SurveyCoordinator

1

Texas Department of Health Public Health Regions

2

Table of Contents

3

Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................... 4

Patterns of Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students - Lifetime Use ................................................... 6Patterns of Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students - Current Use ................................................... 7

Current Use of Any Tobacco Products by Gender ............................................................................................................... 8Current Use of Any Tobacco Products by Race/Ethnicity .................................................................................................. 9Current Use of Any Tobacco Products by Grade ................................................................................................................. 10

Current Use of Cigarettes by Gender ................................................................................................................................... 11Current Use of Cigarettes by Race/Ethnicity ....................................................................................................................... 12Current Use of Cigarettes by Grade ..................................................................................................................................... 13

Current Use of Smokeless Tobacco by Gender ................................................................................................................. 14Current Use of Smokeless Tobacco by Race/Ethnicity ...................................................................................................... 15Current Use of Smokeless Tobacco by Grade .................................................................................................................... 16

Current Use of Cigars by Gender ......................................................................................................................................... 17Current Use of Cigars by Race/Ethnicity ............................................................................................................................. 18Current Use of Cigars by Grade ........................................................................................................................................... 19

Current Use of a Pipe by Gender .......................................................................................................................................... 20Current Use of a Pipe by Race/Ethnicity .............................................................................................................................. 21Current Use of a Pipe by Grade ............................................................................................................................................ 22

Appendix A: Tables ................................................................................................................................................................. 23

In winter and spring of the 2000-2001 school year, the TexasDepartment of Health (TDH) conducted its third survey of tobacco useamong students enrolled in Texas public middle and high schools (grades6-12). The Texas Youth Tobacco Survey (TXYTS) was designed so thatresults can be generalized to students enrolled in middle and high schoolsat the statewide level and TDH public health region level. The firstTXYTS was conducted during the spring semester of the 1997-1998school year and the second TXYTS was conducted during the springsemester of the 1998-1999 school year.

This report summarizes data from the 1999 and 2001 Texas YouthTobacco Surveys. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) conducts a national Youth Tobacco Survey (YTS) which providedstatewide data for Texas in 2000. For comparison purposes, statewideprevalence figures from this national survey are included in the tablesfound in Appendix A.

Appendix A contains detailed prevalence tables on tobacco use by gender,race/ethnicity, and grade.

Methods

Survey instrument. The TXYTS instrument was adapted from theFlorida Youth Tobacco Survey, which was jointly developed by the FloridaDepartment of Health and the CDC. Comprised of 91 questions, thesurvey instrument asks questions regarding use of cigarettes, cigars,smokeless tobacco, pipes, and bidis or kreteks. These questions allowmeasurement of smoking status, smoking patterns, lifetime smokinghistory, age of initiation, quitting history, health risks, perceived socialnorms related to smoking, knowledge of state anti-tobacco laws,knowledge of state anti-tobacco campaigns, attitudes and beliefs, socialinfluences and demographics of middle and high school students in Texas.

Introduction

The survey procedures were designed to protect students’ privacy byallowing for anonymous and voluntary participation. Students completeda self-administered questionnaire in the classroom, recording theirresponses on an answer sheet. The questionnaire answer sheet, which wasin a format that could be scanned optically, was designed and developedusing the Teleform Designer software program.

Sampling. The Texas Youth Tobacco Survey was designed to producerepresentative samples of students in middle schools (grades 6-8) andhigh schools (grades 9-12) by TDH public health region. For the threesurveys, we collapsed the original 11 Texas public health regions asfollows: PHR 1&2 (combined), PHR 3, PHR 4&5 (combined), PHR 6,PHR 7, PHR 8, PHR 9&10 (combined), and PHR 11 (see map on page5).

All surveys used a two-stage cluster sample design. The first-stagesampling frame included separate lists for middle schools and highschools for each public health region. Schools were selected withprobability proportional to school enrollment size. At the secondsampling stage, classes were randomly selected from a list of classesobtained from each participating school. Random selection proceduresallowed each student enrolled in the school a chance of participating inthe survey.

Data Edits. Upon receipt at TDH, survey answer sheets were logged in,batched and scanned using the Teleform Reader software program. Anedit program was applied to the created data to remove responses thatappeared to be inconsistent or otherwise questionable.

Weighting. The TXYTS applied the procedures used by the nationalYouth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) in weighting the survey data. A

4

weighting factor was applied to each student record to adjust for non-response at the school and student level and for varying probabilities ofselection. The weights were then post-strata adjusted so the weightedproportion of students in each grade, gender and race/ethnicity groupmatched the student population proportions in the public health regions.

SUDAAN was used to compute 95% confidence intervals, which wereused to determine the differences between subgroups at the p<0.05 level.Differences between prevalence estimates were considered statisticallysignificant if the 95% confidence intervals did not overlap.

Unweighted estimates. Unweighted estimates resulted when the responserate was too low to produce a prevalence that could be deemedrepresentative. As a result, unweighted estimates cannot be used to formstatistically significant comparisons of prevalence. In this report,unweighted estimates are provided without confidence intervals in tables(Appendix A). Tables in which these estimates are presented indicate thatthe percentage used is an unweighted estimate.

Definitions

Students completed a self-administered questionnaire that includedquestions about use of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, cigars/cigarillos,pipes, bidis and kreteks.

Current cigarette, smokeless tobacco, cigar/cigarillo and pipe users weredefined as students who reported product use on one or more of the 30days preceding the survey.

Ever users of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco or cigars/cigarillos were definedas students who had ever smoked (even one or two puffs) or used any ofthese tobacco products.

Introduction (cont.)

Any current tobacco use was defined as use of cigarettes, smokelesstobacco, or cigars on one or more of the 30 days preceding the survey.

The following questions from the TXYTS were used to define prevalenceof tobacco use for this report:

· During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smokecigarettes?

· Have you ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs?· Have you ever used chewing tobacco or snuff, such as Redman,

Levi Garrett, Beechnut, Skoal, Skoal Bandits, or Copenhagen?· During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use chewing

tobacco or snuff?· Have you ever tried smoking cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars, even

one or two puffs?· During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke a

cigar, cigarillo, or little cigar?· During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke tobacco

in a pipe?

TDH Public HealthRegions

5

Lifetime UsePublic middle school and high school students were asked about their lifetime use of cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco and bidis. Cigarettes were the mostprevalent form of tobacco used, followed by cigars, smokeless tobacco and bidis.

HIGH SCHOOL — Data from the TXYTS suggest that the prevalence of lifetime(ever) tobacco use among students in grades 9 though 12 declined between 1999 and2001, although changes were only statistically significant for cigarettes and cigars.

� Lifetime (ever) cigarette smoking decreased from 71 percent in 1999 to 64percent in 2001, a decline of about 11 percent. This decline is statisticallysignificant.

� Lifetime (ever) cigar smoking decreased from 47 percent in 1999 to 39 percentin 2001, a decline of about 17 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

� The prevalence of lifetime (ever) smokeless tobacco use remained the same as in1999 (19 percent).

� The prevalence of lifetime (ever) use of bidis was about 11 percent in 2001(datanot collected in 1999).

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Data from the TXYTS suggest that the prevalence of lifetime(ever) tobacco use among students in grades 6 through 8 declined between 1999 and2001, although changes were only statistically significant for cigarettes and cigars.

� Lifetime (ever) cigarette smoking decreased from 48 percent in 1999 to 35percent in 2001, a decline of about 27 percent. This decline is statisticallysignificant.

� Lifetime (ever) cigar smoking decreased from 29 percent in 1999 to 22 percentin 2001, a decline of about 25 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

� Lifetime (ever) smokeless tobacco use was 14 percent in 1999 and 11percent in 2001. This change is not statistically significant.

� The prevalence of lifetime (ever) use of bidis was about 7 percent in 2001 (datanot collected in 1999).

Patterns of Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students

19992001

6

Patterns of Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Data from the TXYTS show that the prevalenceof current tobacco use among students in grades 6 through 8 declinedbetween 1999 and 2001.

� Current use of any tobacco products decreased from 23 percent in 1999to 17 percent in 2001, a decline of about 27 percent. This decline isstatistically significant.

� Current use of cigarettes decreased from 15 percent in 1999 to 10percent in 2001, a decline of about 33 percent. This decline isstatistically significant.

� Current use of cigars was 10 percent in 1999 and 9 percent in 2001.This change is not statistically significant.

� Current use of smokeless tobacco was 6 percent in 1999 and 5percent in 2001. This change is not statistically significant.

� Current use of tobacco with a pipe was 5.1 percent in 1999 and4.6 percent in 2001. This change is not statistically significant.

Current UseMiddle school and high school students were asked if they had used cigarettes, cigars, or smokeless tobacco on at least one of the 30 days preceding thesurvey.

HIGH SCHOOL — Data from the TXYTS show that the prevalence ofcurrent tobacco use among students in grades 9 through 12 declinedbetween 1999 and 2001.

� Current use of any tobacco products decreased from 42 percent in 1999to 33 percent in 2001, a decline of about 21 percent. This decline isstatistically significant.

� Current use of cigarettes decreased from 33 percent in 1999 to 25percent in 2001, a decline of about 25 percent. This decline isstatistically significant.

� Current use of cigars was 20 percent in 1999 and 17 percent in2001. This change is not statistically significant.

� Current use of smokeless tobacco remained the same as in 1999(9 percent).

� Current use of tobacco with a pipe remained the same as in 1999(5 percent).

19992001

7

Use of any tobacco products is defined as a current use of cigarettes, OR cigars, OR smokeless tobacco, OR tobacco in pipes. Students were asked ifthey had used cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco or tobacco in pipes on at least one of the 30 days preceding the survey.

Current Use of Any Tobacco Products by Gender

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Overall, 17 percent of students used anytobacco product on at least one of the 30 days preceding the survey(2001 data).

� Recent survey data show that male students were more likely than femalestudents to be current users of any tobacco product.

� Among males, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco productsdecreased from 27 percent in 1999 to 20 percent in 2001, a decline ofabout 27 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

� Among females, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco productswas 19 percent in 1999 and 13 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

HIGH SCHOOL — Overall, 33 percent of students used any tobaccoproduct on at least one of the 30 days preceding the survey (2001 data).

� Survey data show that male students were more likely than femalestudents to be current users of any tobacco product.

� Among males, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco productswas 48 percent in 1999 and 42 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� Among females, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco productsdecreased from 36 percent in 1999 to 25 percent in 2001, a decline ofabout 30 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

19992001

8

Current Use of Any Tobacco Products by Race/Ethnicity

For the 2001 survey, students were asked to identify themselves using one of the following categories: white, non-Hispanic; African American, non-Hispanic; Hispanic or Latino; Asian or Pacific Islander; American Indian or Alaskan Native; or other. For this report, analysis of the survey data waslimited to white, non-Hispanic; African American, non-Hispanic; and Hispanic.

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Survey data from 2001 show that students whoidentified themselves as Hispanic were more likely than white and AfricanAmerican students to be current users of any tobacco product.

� Among whites, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco productsdecreased from 33 percent in 1999 to 13 percent in 2001, a declineof about 61 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

� Among African Americans, the prevalence of current use of anytobacco products decreased from 30 percent in 1999 to 14 percent in2001, a decline of about 51 percent. This decline is statisticallysignificant.

� Among Hispanics, the prevalence of current use of any tobaccoproducts decreased from 35 percent in 1999 to 23 percent in 2001, adecline of about 35 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

HIGH SCHOOL — White students and students who identifiedthemselves as Hispanic were more likely than African American studentsto be current users of any tobacco product as shown by results of thesurvey conducted in 2001.

� Among whites, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco productsdecreased from 45 percent in 1999 to 36 percent in 2001, a declineof about 21 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

� Among African Americans, the prevalence of current use of anytobacco products was 31 percent in 1999 and 22 percent in 2001.This change is not statistically significant.

� Among Hispanics, the prevalence of current use of any tobaccoproducts decreased from 43 percent in 1999 to 36 percent in 2001, adecline of about 17 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

19992001

9

Current Use of Any Tobacco Products by Grade

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Survey data show that prevalence of current useof any tobacco product increases with increasing grade levels. Datasuggest that the prevalence of current use of any tobacco product hasdeclined since 1999.

� In grade 6, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco product was15 percent in 1999 and 10 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� In grade 7, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco productdecreased from 26 percent in 1999 to 17 percent in 2001, a decline ofabout 33 percent. This decline is statistically significant.


HIGH SCHOOL — Data show that the prevalence of current use of anytobacco product among high school students has declined since 1999.

� In grade 9, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco productdecreased from 40 percent in 1999 to 29 percent in 2001, adecline of about 27 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

� In grade 10, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco productdecreased from 43 percent in 1999 to 29 percent in 2001, a decline ofabout 32 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

� In grade 11, the prevalence of current use of any tobacco productwas 40 percent in 1999 and 38 percent in 2001. This changeis not statistically significant.


19992001

10

Current Use of Cigarettes by Gender

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Overall, 10 percent of students smokedcigarettes on at least one of the 30 days preceding the survey as shown byresults of the survey conducted in 2001.

� Recent survey data show that the prevalence of current cigarette smokingis greater among male students than among female students, althoughthe difference is not statistically significant.

� Among males, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 15percent in 1999 and 11 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� Among females, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking decreasedfrom 15 percent in 1999 to 9 percent in 2001, a decline of about 40percent. This decline is statistically significant.

HIGH SCHOOL — Overall, 25 percent of students smoked cigaretteson at least one of the 30 days preceding the survey as shown by results ofthe survey conducted in 2001.

� Recent survey data show that male students were significantly morelikely than female students to be current users of cigarettes.

� Among males, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 34percent in 1999 and 28 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� Among females, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking decreasedfrom 31 percent in 1999 to 21 percent in 2001, a decline of about32 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

Students were asked if they had smoked cigarettes on at least one of the 30 days preceding the survey.

19992001

11

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Survey data show that students who identifiedthemselves as Hispanic were significantly more likely than white andAfrican American students to be current smokers of cigarettes.

� Among whites, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 13percent in 1999 and 8 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� Among African Americans, the prevalence of current cigarettesmoking decreased from 16 percent in 1999 to 7 percent in 2001, adecline of about 56 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

� Among Hispanics, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 19percent in 1999 and 15 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

Current Use of Cigarettes by Race/Ethnicity

For the 2001 survey, students were asked to identify themselves using one of the following categories: white, non-Hispanic; black, non-Hispanic;Hispanic or Latino; Asian or Pacific Islander; American Indian or Alaskan Native; or other. For this report, analysis of the survey data was limited towhite, African American and Hispanic.

HIGH SCHOOL — White and Hispanic students were significantlymore likely than African American students to be current smokers ofcigarettes as shown by results of the survey conducted in 2001.

� Among whites, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking decreasedfrom 37 percent in 1999 to 27 percent in 2001, a decline of about27 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

� Among African Americans, the prevalence of current cigarettesmoking was 16 percent in 1999 and 14 percent in 2001. Thischange is not statistically significant.

� Among Hispanics, the prevalence of current cigarette smokingdecreased from 35 percent in 1999 to 27 percent in 2001, a declineof about 23 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

19992001

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Current Use of Cigarettes by Grade

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Survey data show that prevalence of currentcigarette smoking increases with increasing grade levels. Trend data,however, show that the prevalence of current cigarette smoking has declinedsince 1999.

� In grade 6, the prevalence of current cigarette smokingdecreased from 7 percent in 1999 to 4 percent in 2001, a decline ofabout 43 percent. This decline is not statistically significant.

� In grade 7, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking decreasedfrom 18 percent in 1999 to 11 percent in 2001, a decline ofabout 39 percent. This decline is statistically significant.

� In grade 8, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 20percent in 1999 and 15 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

HIGH SCHOOL — Trend data show that the prevalence of currentcigarette smoking among high school students has declined since 1999.


� In grade 10, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking decreasedfrom 34 percent in 1999 to 22 percent in 2001, a decline ofabout 35 percent. This decline is statistically significant.



19992001

13

Current Use of Smokeless Tobacco by Gender

Students were asked if they had used chewing tobacco, snuff or dip on one or more of the 30 days preceding the survey.

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Overall, 5 percent of students used chewingtobacco, snuff or dip on at least one of the 30 days preceding the surveyas shown by results of the survey conducted in 2001.

� Survey data show that male students are more likely to use chewingtobacco, snuff or dip than female students.

� Among males, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco, snuffor dip was 9 percent in 1999 and 7 percent in 2001. This change isnot statistically significant.

� Among females, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco,snuff, or dip was 2 percent in 1999 and 3 percent in 2001. Thischange is not statistically significant

HIGH SCHOOL — Overall, 9 percent of students used chewingtobacco, snuff or dip on at least one of the 30 days preceding the surveyas shown by results of the survey conducted in 2001.

� Survey data show that male students are more likely to use chewingtobacco, snuff or dip than female students.

� Among males, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco,snuff or dip in 2001 remains similar to the 1999 prevalence (16%).

� Among females, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco,snuff or dip in 2001 remains similar to the 1999 prevalence (2%).

19992001

14

Current Use of Smokeless Tobacco by Race/Ethnicity

For the 2001 survey, students were asked to identify themselves using one of the following categories: white, non-Hispanic; African American, non-Hispanic; Hispanic or Latino; Asian or Pacific Islander; American Indian or Alaskan Native; or other. For this report, analysis of survey data was limitedto white, African American and Hispanic.

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Survey data show that the prevalence of currentuse of chewing tobacco, snuff or dip is greater among Hispanic studentsthan among white or African American students, although the differenceis not statistically significant.

� Among whites, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco,snuff or dip was 6 percent in 1999 and 4 percent in 2001. Thischange is not statistically significant.

� Among African Americans, the prevalence of current use of chewingtobacco, snuff or dip was 6 percent in 1999 and 5 percent in2001. This change is not statistically significant.

� Among Hispanics, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco,snuff or dip was 6 percent in 1999 and 7 percent in 2001. Thischange is not statistically significant.

HIGH SCHOOL — White students were more likely than AfricanAmerican and Hispanic students to be current users of chewing tobacco,snuff or dip as shown by results of the survey conducted in 2001.

� Among whites, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco,snuff or dip was 12 percent in 1999 and 13 percent in 2001. Thischange is not statistically significant.

� Among African Americans, the prevalence of current use of chewingtobacco, snuff or dip was 2 percent in 1999 and 4 percent in2001. This change is not statistically significant.

� Among Hispanics, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco,snuff or dip was 8 percent in 1999 and 7 percent in 2001. Thischange is not statistically significant.

19992001

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Current Use of Smokeless Tobacco by Grade

MIDDLE SCHOOL

� In grade 6, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco, snuff ordip was 5 percent in 1999 and 4 percent in 2001. This change isnot statistically significant

� In grade 7, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco, snuff ordip was 7 percent in 1999 and 5 percent in 2001. This change isnot statistically significant.


HIGH SCHOOL


� In grade 10, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco, snuffor dip for 2001 remained similar to that of 1999 (8%).

� In grade 11, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco, snuffor dip was 9 percent in 1999 and 12 percent in 2001. Thischange is not statistically significant.

� In grade 12, the prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco, snuffor dip for 2001 remained similar to that of 1999 (about 10%).

Survey data show that prevalence of current use of chewing tobacco, snuff or dip increases with increasing grade levels.

19992001

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Current Use of Cigars by Gender

Students were asked if they had smoked cigars on one or more of the 30 days preceding the survey.

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Overall, about 9 percent of students smokedcigars on at least one of the 30 days preceding the survey as shown byresults of the survey conducted in 2001.

� Recent survey data show that male students were more likely thanfemale students to smoke cigars during the past month.

� Among males, the prevalence of current cigar smoking was 12percent in 1999 and 11 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� Among females, the prevalence of current cigar smoking for2001 remained similar to that of 1999 (7%).

HIGH SCHOOL — Overall, about 17 percent of students smokedcigars on at least one of the 30 days preceding the survey as shown byresults of the survey conducted in 2001.

� Recent survey data show that male students were more likely thanfemale students to be current users of cigars.

� Among males, the prevalence of current cigar smoking was 26percent in 1999 and 24 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� Among females, the prevalence of current cigar smoking decreasedfrom 13 percent in 1999 to 9 percent in 2001, a decline of about 31percent. This decrease is statistically significant.

19992001

17

Current Use of Cigars by Race/Ethnicity

For the 2001 survey, students were asked to identify themselves using one of the following categories: white, non-Hispanic; African American, non-Hispanic; Hispanic or Latino; Asian or Pacific Islander; American Indian or Alaskan Native; or other. For this report, analysis of the survey data waslimited to white, African American and Hispanic.

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Survey data shows that students who identifiedthemselves as Hispanic were highly more likely than white students tobe current smokers of cigars. While the prevalence of current cigar usefor African American students was greater than that of white students,the difference was not statistically significant.

� Among whites, the prevalence of current cigar smoking was 8percent in 1999 and 6 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� Among African Americans, the prevalence of current cigar smokingwas 13 percent in 1999 and 8 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� Among Hispanics, the prevalence of current cigar smoking was 12percent in 1999 and 13 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant

HIGH SCHOOL — Results of the survey conducted in 2001 show theprevalence of current cigar smoking for white, Hispanic and AfricanAmerican high school students to be similar.

� Among whites, the prevalence of current cigar smoking was 19percent in 1999 and 17 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� Among African Americans, the prevalence of current cigar smokingwas 24 percent in 1999 and 16 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

� Among Hispanics, the prevalence of current cigar smoking was 19percent in 1999 and 18 percent in 2001. This change is notstatistically significant.

19992001

18

Current Use of Cigars by Grade

MIDDLE SCHOOL

� In grade 6, the prevalence of current cigar smoking was 6 percent in1999 and 5 percent in 2001.


� In grade 8, the prevalence of current cigar smoking in 2001remained similar to that of 1999 (12%).

HIGH SCHOOL


� In grade 10, the prevalence of current cigar smoking decreased from21 percent in 1999 to 14 percent in 2001. This decrease isstatistically significant

� In grade 11, the prevalence of current cigar smoking was 16 percentin 1999 and 17 percent in 2001.

� In grade 12, the prevalence of current cigar smoking was 23 percentin 1999 and 24 percent in 2001.

Survey data show that prevalence of current cigar smoking generally increases with increasing grade levels.

19992001

19

Current Use of a Pipe by Gender

Students were asked if they had smoked tobacco with a pipe on one or more of the 30 days preceding the survey.

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Overall, 5 percent of students smoked tobaccowith a pipe on at least one of the 30 days preceding the survey as shownby results of the survey conducted in 2001.

� Recent survey data show that male students were more likely thanfemale students to use tobacco with a pipe during the pastmonth.

� Among males, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipe for2001 remains similar to that of 1999 (7%).

� Among females, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipefor 2001 remains similar to that of 1999 (3%).

HIGH SCHOOL — Overall, 5 percent of students smoked tobaccowith a pipe on at least one of the 30 days preceding the survey as shownby results of the survey conducted in 2001.

� Recent survey data show that male students were highly more likelythan female students to be current users of tobacco with a pipe.

� Among males, the prevalence of current tobacco use with apipe for 2001 remains similar to that of 1999 (8%).

� Among females, the prevalence of current tobacco use with apipe for 2001 remains similar to that of 1999 (2%).

19992001

20

Current Use of a Pipe by Race/Ethnicity

For the 2001 survey, students were asked to identify themselves using one of the following categories: white, non-Hispanic; African American, non-Hispanic; Hispanic or Latino; Asian or Pacific Islander; American Indian or Alaskan Native; or other. For this report, analysis of the survey data waslimited to white, African American and Hispanic.

MIDDLE SCHOOL — Survey data show that prevalence of tobaccouse with a pipe was greater for Hispanic students than white or AfricanAmerican students. The difference in prevalence between Hispanics andwhites was statistically significant.

� Among whites, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipewas 4 percent in 1999 and 3 percent in 2001.

� Among African Americans, the prevalence of current tobacco usewith a pipe remains similar to that of 1999 (4%).

� Among Hispanics, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipewas 6 percent in 1999 and 7 percent in 2001.

HIGH SCHOOL — The prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipewas greater for Hispanic students than white or African Americanstudents as shown by results of the survey conducted in 2001.

� Among whites, the prevalence of current tobacco use with apipe was 5 percent in 1999 and 4 percent in 2001.

� Among African Americans, the prevalence of current tobacco usewith a pipe was about 3 percent in 1999 and 2001.

� Among Hispanics, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipewas 5 percent in 1999 and 6 percent in 2001.

19992001

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Current Use of a Pipe by Grade

MIDDLE SCHOOL

� In grade 6, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipe for2001 remained similar to that of 1999 (4 %).

� In grade 7, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipe was 6percent in 1999 and 4 percent in 2001.

� In grade 8, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipe was 5percent in 1999 and 6 percent in 2001.

HIGH SCHOOL

� In grade 9, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipe was7 percent in 1999 and 5 percent in 2001.

� In grade 10, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipewas 4 percent in 1999 and 3 percent in 2001.

� In grade 11, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipe for2001 remained similar to that of 1999 (4%).

� In grade 12, the prevalence of current tobacco use with a pipe was4 percent in 1999 and 7 percent in 2001.

19992001

22

Appendix A

TABLES

23

YEVRUSOCCABOTHTUOYSAXETSLOOHCSELDDIM-YTICINHTE/ECARDNAREDNEGYBSTLUSER1002dna9991

resUetteragiCtnerruC occaboTsselekomStnerruCresU

resUragiCtnerruC resUepiPtnerruC resUoccaboTynAtnerruC

REDNEG YTICINHTE/ECARDNA IC%59 IC%59 IC%59 IC%59 IC%59

SLOOHCSELDDIM SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH

REDNEGELAMEF 9991 1522 2.51 6.21 9.71 3832 2.2 1.1 3.3 2632 3.7 2.5 5.9 4732 0.3 8.1 2.4 7422 7.81 8.41 6.22

1002 6873 0.9 2.7 7.01 5314 0.3 8.1 2.4 5114 7.6 0.5 4.8 5114 6.2 8.1 3.3 3873 3.31 7.01 9.51

ELAM 9991 3691 3.51 5.21 1.81 7612 4.9 3.7 5.11 7212 3.21 1.01 5.41 8612 1.7 2.5 1.9 0991 1.72 5.32 7.03

1002 7753 4.11 3.9 5.31 9304 3.7 5.5 1.9 5993 6.01 8.8 5.21 1004 6.6 0.5 2.8 7463 8.91 3.61 3.32

YTICINHTE/ECAR

ETIHW 9991 8771 8.21 6.8 0.71 9191 1.6 2.4 1.8 1091 9.7 4.5 4.01 2191 6.3 2.2 9.4 3353 1.33 3.92 9.63

1002 6033 2.8 3.6 2.01 2653 3.4 1.3 4.5 4453 6.5 3.4 8.6 4453 0.3 0.2 1.4 3133 9.21 9.7 9.71

NACIRFANACIREMA

9991 272 2.61 7.11 7.02 513 7.5 4.2 1.9 503 6.21 4.6 9.81 213 1.4 2.1 0.7 207 9.92 1.52 7.43

1002 987 5.6 5.4 4.8 398 7.4 3.2 2.7 088 3.8 2.6 4.01 878 4.4 2.2 6.6 987 5.41 2.11 8.71

CINAPSIH 9991 7391 6.81 2.61 0.12 4602 5.5 9.3 0.7 4402 1.21 6.9 5.41 0702 0.6 0.4 9.7 1673 6.43 7.13 5.73

1002 9852 5.41 3.21 7.61 3492 7.6 7.4 7.8 2292 7.21 0.01 4.51 6292 7.6 3.5 0.8 7262 5.22 2.91 8.52

NAISA 9991 75 **0.5 56 **8.5 26 2.4 3.0 1.8 56 1.7 0 6.51 331 6.81 9.9 2.72

1002 69 **6.3 111 **7.4 111 2.7 6.1 7.21 011 0.4 0 5.8 401 2.9 2.3 3.51

SAXET 9991 4124 2.51 6.21 9.71 0554 9.5 8.4 0.7 9844 9.9 0.8 7.11 2454 1.5 9.3 3.6 7324 9.22 0.02 9.52

*0002 2112 9.31 8.7 0.02 2112 8.3 8.1 8.5 2112 5.8 0.5 0.21 2112 8.4 3.1 3.8 2112 6.71 5.01 7.42

1002 3637 2.01 4.8 0.21 4718 2.5 9.3 5.6 0118 7.8 2.7 2.01 6118 6.4 6.3 6.5 0347 6.61 8.31 4.91

SS = Sample Size

24*2000 data made available by the National Youth Tobacco Survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention**Unweighted estimate - insufficient response rate. See page 5.

YEVRUSOCCABOTHTUOYSAXET

SLOOHCSHGIH-YTICINHTE/ECARDNAREDNEGYBSTLUSER1002dna9991resUetteragiCtnerruC occaboTsselekomStnerruC

resUresUragiCtnerruC resUepiPtnerruC resUoccaboTynAtnerruC

YTICINHTE/ECARDNAREDNEG IC%59 IC%59 IC%59 IC%59 IC%59

SLOOHCSHGIH SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH

REDNEGELAMEF 9991 7212 9.03 4.62 4.53 7622 9.1 2.1 7.2 3322 4.31 9.01 9.51 5622 9.1 3.1 5.2 8212 7.53 2.13 2.04

1002 1204 3.12 2.91 3.32 0824 7.1 0.1 5.2 7624 2.9 1.8 4.01 2724 7.1 1.1 4.2 0204 8.42 5.22 0.72

ELAM 9991 0002 5.43 1.03 9.83 4712 7.51 6.21 8.81 8012 0.62 1.32 9.82 3712 9.7 1.5 7.01 5402 1.84 1.44 1.25

1002 1483 1.82 5.52 8.03 0714 2.61 2.11 2.12 5614 4.42 0.12 7.72 3514 5.7 6.5 4.9 8393 7.14 5.73 8.54

YTICINHTE/ECAR

ETIHW 9991 8271 9.63 4.33 4.04 1081 8.11 0.01 6.31 8871 3.91 1.71 5.12 6081 3.5 2.3 3.7 8371 5.54 4.24 6.84

1002 9223 9.62 3.32 5.03 2143 8.21 0.01 7.51 4043 0.71 1.41 0.02 7043 0.4 3.3 8.4 8523 8.53 9.13 7.93

NACIRFANACIREMA

9991 024 1.61 4.21 8.91 064 3.2 3.1 3.3 944 6.32 0.81 3.92 554 5.2 9.0 0.4 424 7.03 3.42 0.73

1002 998 5.31 6.9 5.71 489 5.3 6.1 4.5 689 3.61 0.31 6.91 489 0.3 2.1 8.4 919 3.22 0.91 6.52

CINAPSIH 9991 0081 0.53 2.13 8.83 1791 5.7 7.5 3.9 5091 3.91 5.61 0.22 2791 8.4 4.3 2.6 6281 6.24 9.83 4.64

1002 3113 8.62 1.52 5.82 9633 7.6 1.4 2.9 6633 5.71 6.41 3.02 2633 2.6 3.4 0.8 9413 5.53 6.23 5.83

NAISA 9991 37 0.11 ** 08 9.4 ** 57 4.11 ** 08 3.5 ** 37 8.02 **

1002 612 5.51 8.11 2.91 032 4.3 5.0 4.6 032 2.11 ** 032 8.4 3.2 2.7 712 7.91 4.41 0.52

SAXET 9991 7214 8.23 5.92 0.63 1444 9.8 2.7 6.01 1434 8.91 9.71 6.12 8344 0.5 5.3 4.6 3714 1.24 9.83 2.54

*0002 3922 1.82 7.61 5.93 3922 3.8 2.1 4.51 3922 2.81 7.11 7.42 3922 4.4 9.1 9.6 3922 6.43 4.32 8.54

1002 2687 7.42 7.22 7.62 0548 1.9 0.7 2.11 2348 9.61 3.51 6.81 5248 7.4 6.3 7.5 8597 4.33 3.13 6.53

SS = Sample Size

25

*2000 data made available by the National Youth Tobacco Survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention**Unweighted estimate - insufficient response rate. See page 5.

YEVRUSOCCABOTHTUOYSAXET

EDARGYBSTLUSER1002dna0002,9991

resUetteragiCtnerruC occaboTsselekomStnerruCresU

resUragiCtnerruC resUepiPtnerruC resUoccaboTynAtnerruC

IC%59 IC%59 IC%59 IC%59 IC%59

EDARGLEVEL

SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH SS % woL hgiH

6EDARG 9991 0011 3.7 6.4 0.01 1911 9.4 1.3 6.6 7711 3.6 1.4 4.8 2911 4.4 6.2 2.6 0111 7.41 6.11 9.71

*0002 407 7.9 2.7 2.21 427 7.3 6.2 8.4 727 2.7 6.5 8.8 527 2.3 3.2 1.4 537 2.31 5.01 9.51

1002 9332 3.4 3.2 4.6 3952 9.3 8.1 0.6 7552 1.5 1.3 2.7 4752 5.3 9.1 2.5 7332 9.9 6.5 1.41

7EDARG 9991 3041 8.71 4.51 3.02 7351 6.6 2.5 9.7 8941 2.11 0.9 5.31 7251 8.5 2.4 4.7 0141 6.52 7.22 5.82

*0002 595 7.31 7.7 7.91 016 9.2 9.1 9.3 616 7.6 5.4 9.8 516 9.4 5.2 3.7 126 7.61 0.01 4.32

1002 7852 8.01 0.9 7.21 2682 6.4 2.3 0.6 7482 8.8 3.7 3.01 3482 4.4 2.3 6.5 8062 2.71 8.41 6.91

8EDARG 9991 1171 4.02 2.71 7.32 2281 2.6 8.3 7.8 4181 0.21 5.8 4.51 3281 2.5 9.2 5.7 7171 5.82 3.42 6.23

*0002 186 4.81 9.21 9.32 596 9.4 8.2 0.7 007 7.11 6.7 8.51 896 2.6 5.2 9.9 217 1.32 4.61 8.92

1002 7342 4.51 3.21 4.81 9172 2.7 1.5 3.9 6072 2.21 7.9 7.41 9962 0.6 4.4 5.7 5842 7.22 8.81 6.62

9EDARG 9991 9811 7.92 1.52 4.43 6921 9.8 6.5 2.21 2621 3.91 5.51 1.32 8921 0.7 5.3 4.01 1021 7.93 6.43 7.44

*0002 846 4.42 8.61 0.23 866 5.7 8.3 2.11 076 7.51 8.11 6.91 476 7.4 7.2 7.6 876 7.92 4.22 0.73

1002 7822 1.22 4.81 7.52 4052 8.6 8.4 9.8 3052 3.51 0.21 6.81 0052 1.5 7.3 6.6 5232 2.92 4.52 0.33

01EDARG 9991 179 6.33 4.92 8.73 3401 7.8 3.6 0.11 9101 2.12 8.61 5.52 7401 2.4 5.2 9.5 979 3.34 6.83 0.84

*0002 725 3.62 0.91 6.33 435 1.7 8.3 4.01 635 6.02 6.51 6.52 935 4.4 9.1 9.6 245 2.43 7.72 7.04

1002 7322 5.12 6.81 4.42 9042 1.8 6.5 5.01 9042 9.31 3.11 5.61 4042 2.3 0.2 4.4 5622 3.92 7.52 0.33

11EDARG 9991 9301 4.23 3.72 5.73 8011 7.8 6.3 2.11 3801 2.61 8.31 7.81 6011 0.4 6.2 4.5 5501 2.04 1.53 3.54

*0002 246 1.23 6.82 6.53 746 2.21 1.5 3.91 946 5.71 8.21 2.22 156 6.4 6.2 6.6 756 3.83 2.33 4.34

1002 3961 9.52 6.02 3.13 6181 3.21 4.7 2.71 3081 6.61 1.41 1.91 5971 9.3 1.2 7.5 0171 8.73 8.33 8.14

21EDARG 9991 829 0.73 4.13 6.24 499 4.9 9.6 0.21 779 7.22 8.81 7.62 789 9.3 7.2 1.5 839 5.64 8.04 1.25

*0002 004 1.23 8.42 4.93 114 9.6 8.2 0.11 804 8.91 3.31 3.62 414 5.3 0.1 0.6 124 3.93 0.23 6.64

1002 5461 6.13 3.42 9.83 1271 4.01 8.6 1.41 7171 9.32 6.51 3.23 6271 6.6 4.3 9.9 8561 5.04 5.33 5.74

*2000 data made available by the National Youth Tobacco Survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

SS = Sample Size

26

Texas Department of HealthPublication Number : 16-11566

October 2002

Texas Youth Tobacco Survey Texas Youth Tobacco Survey has been conducted during the follow-ing time...

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