Testing listening (1)
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TESTING LISTENINGMauricio Arroba
April 7th, 2014.
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INTRODUCTION
This chapter is divided into three main aspects:A) Specifying what candidates should be able
to- Content• Operational• Informational• Interactional• TextsB) Setting criterial levels of performance
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C) Setting the tasks- Selecting samples of speech (texts)- Writing items- Possible techniques:1) Multiple choice2) Short answers3) Gap filling4) Information transfer5) Note taking6) Partial dictation7) Transcription8) Moderating the items9) Presenting the texts (live or recorder)D) Scoring the listening tests
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A) SPECIFYING WHAT CANDIDATES SHOULD BE ABLE TO DO
Operations
a. Obtain the gist
b. Follow an argument
c. Recognize the attitude of the speaker
Listening specifications should be clear and we should realize whether they are stated or implied.
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Informational
Obtain factual information
Follow:a.Instructionb.Sequence
of events (narrations)
c.Justifications of opinions
Understanda.Requests for informationb.Expressions of needc.Request for helpd.Request for permissione.Apologiesf.Comparisons
Recognize:a.Suggestion
sb.Commentsc.Excusesd.Expressions
of preferences
e.Complaintsf. speculation
s
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InteractionalUnderstand:a.Greetings
and introduction
b.Expressions of agreement
c.Expressions of disagreement
d.Requests of clarification
Recognize:a.Speaker´s purposeb.Indications of uncertaintyc.Requests for clarificationd.Requests for opinione.Indications of understandingf. Indications of failure of
understandingg.Corrections by speakersh.Modification of statementsi. Speaker´s desire that listeners
indicate understandingj. Speakers justifies or supports
statementsk.Attempts to persuade others
In a diagnostic tests:- Discriminate
between vowel phonemes
- Between consonant phonemes
- Interpret intonation patterns (sarcasm, question, etc.)
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Texts
Text types
Text forms Length Speed of
speech
DialectAccentsAuthenticity
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B) CRITERIAL LEVELS OF PERFORMANCE
Set appropriate level of text
Appropriate set of
responses
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C) SETTING THE TASKS
Selecting a sample of the speechTest
specification in mind
Authentic speech
Find passages
in the internet which fit
into spefication
s
Non-native speech
Make those
passages ourselve
s
Take care of quality
of recording
Feel free to
modify them
Avoid writing
items after listening
Recording must be
according to the level
Provide listener
with scripts
If passages are alter or created –
native speaker
20 sec – follow
direction10 min
academic lectures
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Writing items
Long passage
Items noticeable
to test takers
Items not to close to
each other
Ls warned about key
words
Wording should not be exact
Academic speeches
L1 is acceptable
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POSSIBLE TECHNIQUES
Multiple
choice
Difficult: keep
alternatives in mind
Alternatives must be short
and simple
Low level:
phoneme discrimin
ation
Short answers
Straight forward answer
A short unique answer
Gap filling
Short question
A short unique answer
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Information
transfer
Little demand
of writing
Labeling diagram,
routes
Completing a map
Test taker listens
and write down street names
Note taking
Realistic
Whole lecture and
later questions
Clear structure of lecture so
it is easy to follow
Items such as multiple choice
Avoid evaluatio
n of notes
Trial activity so
Ss get used to lectures
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Partial dictati
on
Not authenti
c
Unfamiliar
expressions
Written part to
help out Ls
Spelling
problems
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Text and items should be presented to colleagues for moderation
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ACTION
1. Let´s complete the listening exercises proposed by Mauricio.