TEST REVIEW

Rock Cycle&

Weathering

A. THE EXACT AGE OF AN OBJECT

B.THE ORDER OF EVENTS OVER TIME

C. THE COLOR OF AN OBJECTD.THE BEHAVIORS OF AN

ORGANISM

Relative dating uses various clues to figure out:

A.ORIGINAL HORIZONTALITY

B.LATERAL CONTINUITYC.SUPERPOSITIOND.RELATIVE DATING

The fact that the layers of rock on one side of the Grand Canyon match up with the layers on the other side of the canyon illustrates:

A. YOUNGER THAN THE ROCK LAYERS

B.OLDER THAN THE ROCK LAYERS

C. THE SAME AGE AS THE ROCK LAYERS

D.THE SAME TYPE OF ROCK AS THE ROCK LAYERS

The theory of cross-cutting relationships states that a vein of

rock that cuts across a rock’s layers is:

A.IGNEOUS ROCKB.METAMORPHIC ROCKC.SEDIMENTARY ROCKD.ALL OF THE ABOVE

Which type of rock will break down as part of the rock cycle?

A. THE LAW OF LATERAL CONTINUITY

B.THE LAW OF SUPERPOSITION

C. THE LAW OF RELATIVE DATING

D.THE LAW OF ORIGINAL HORIZONTALITY

The law that states that the bottom layer of a rock formation is older than the layer on top is

known as:

A. LIES ON EARTH’S SURFACE FOR MANY YEARS

B. IS QUICKLY COVERED WITH SEDIMENT AND THEN FORMED INTO SEDIMENTARY ROCK OVER MANY YEARS

C. TURNS INTO CRYSTALS OVER MANY YEARS

D. IS PRESERVED IN MAGMA

Fossils are formed when an organism:

A.PALEOZOICB.MESOZOICC.CENOZOICD.PRECAMBRIAN

According to the geologic time scale, in which era did humans

first appear?

A. THEIR AGEB. THEIR PARTICLE SIZEC. THEIR HARDNESSD. HOW THEY FORMED

Classifying rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic is

based on differences in:

A.PANGAEAB.LITHOSPHERIC PLATEC.GLOSSOPTERISD.SUPERCONTINENT

Millions of years ago, the continents were once a great landmass that has

been named:

A. HOW FAST THE MAGMA MELTSB. HOW FAST THE MAGMA COOLSC. WHERE THE MAGMA FLOWS FROM

THE VOLCANOD. WHEN THE MAGMA FLOWS FROM

THE VOLCANO

The size of the crystals in igneous rocks is determined by:

A. THE SEPARATION AND MOVEMENT OF PANGAEA INTO TODAY’S CONTINENTS

B. THE SUPERPOSITION PRINCIPLEC. ABSOLUTE DATINGD. ORIGINAL HORIZONTALITY

Which of the following best explains why the same types of fossils are

found spread on different continents?

A. UNDER HIGH PRESSURE AND AT LOW TEMPERATURES

B. BY EROSIONC. BY COMPRESSIOND. BY COOLING AND SOLIDIFYING

MAGMA OR LAVA

How do igneous rocks form?

A.EROSIONB.DEPOSITIONC.WEATHERING D.SEDIMENTATION

The process of breaking down rock is called:

A. THE SUNB. GRAVITYC. EARTH’S INTERNAL ENERGYD. DROUGHT

What force causes rocks and sediment to erode down slopes?

A. IT CAUSES THE MOVEMENT OF THE LITHOSPHERIC PLATES

B.IT CAUSES THE WATER CYCLEC. IT CAUSES WEATHERD.ALL OF THE ABOVE

How does Earth’s internal energy provide a driving source for

weathering?

A. SEDIMENTARYB. METAMORPHICC. IGNEOUSD. ALL OF THE ABOVE

______ rocks formed from rock particles broken down into small

pieces by the rock cycle.

A. PLANT GROUNDCOVERB.REMOVE GRASSESC. REMOVE TOPSOILD.PLOW DOWN A SLOPE

Which of the following would help farmers to prevent erosion in their

fields?

A. BEDDINGB. SEDIMENTC. CRYSTALSD. MEANDERS

Weathering breaks rock into bits and pieces called:

A. INSECTSB.BACTERIAC. AIRD.WATER

If soil is aerated it always contains:

A. MELTINGB. COMPACTIONC. CRYSTALLIZINGD. INTRUSIVE

When layers of sediment are pressed together, it is

known as:

A. GRAZING LIVESTOCKB.DEFORESTATIONC. CONSTRUCTIOND.ALL OF THE ABOVE

Erosion can be caused by:

A. WEATHERING MOVES SEDIMENT FROM PLACE TO PLACE, WHILE EROSION PRODUCES SEDIMENT

B. WEATHERING PRODUCES SEDIMENT, WHILE EROSION MOVES SEDIMENT FROM PLACE TO PLACE

C. WEATHERING PRODUCES EROSIOND. EROSION PRODUCES WEATHERING

How are weathering and erosion different?

A. HORIZON AB.HORIZON BC. HORIZON DD.HORIZON O

In a soil profile, the dark layer called topsoil is:

A. COOLING OF MAGMAB. COOLING OF LAVAC. HEAT AND PRESSURED. COMPACTION OF SEDIMENT

Metamorphic rocks are formed from:

A.SEDIMENTB.HUMUSC.COMPOSTD.SOIL

The organic matter in nature produced by bacterial decay of plant

and animal matter is known as:

A. IN A PROTECTED VALLEYB. IN A HOT, DRY DESERTC. IN A HOT, WET RAINFORESTD. UNDERGROUND

In which of the following environments would a rock

weather the fastest?

A.BACTERIAB.AIRC.WATERD.ALL OF THE ABOVE

Components of soil include:

A. MELTING AND SOLIDIFICATIONB. COMPACTION AND CEMENTINGC. EXTRUSION AND INTRUSIOND. METAMORPHISM

Which of the following processes changes sediments into

sedimentary rock?

A. HUMUSB.HUMUS AND WATERC. HUMUS, WATER, AND AIRD.HUMUS, WATER, AIR, AND

MINERALS

The BEST soil for growing crops contains:

A. PHYSICAL WEATHERINGB. CHEMICAL WEATHERINGC. EROSIOND. BOTH A AND B

Root wedging is when plant roots break apart rocks and is a

process of:

A. HELP PLANTS GET NITROGEN FROM THE ATMOSPHERE

B. LOOSEN THE SOIL SO WATER CAN GET INTO THE SOIL

C. LOOSEN THE SOIL SO AIR CAN GET INTO THE SOIL

D. ENRICH THE SOIL WITH THEIR WASTE PRODUCTS

Earth worms are important in soil because they do all of the following

EXCEPT:

A. IN MANY AREAS ON MOST OF THE CONTINENTS

B. IN REGIONS OF RECENT VOLCANIC ACTIVITY

C. DEEP WITHIN EARTH’S CRUSTD. IN REGIONS WHERE THERE ARE

GLACIERS

Where are sedimentary rocks usually found?

A.HORIZON AB.HORIZON BC.HORIZON DD.HORIZON O

In a soil profile, the horizon that consists of bedrock is:

A. ACID RAINB. OXYGEN IN THE ATMOSPHEREC. MOSS AND LICHENSD. WIND

Agents of chemical weathering include all of the following

EXCEPT:

A. HORIZON AB.HORIZON BC. HORIZON DD.HORIZON O

In a soil profile, leaching takes place in:

A. IGNEOUS ROCKB. SEDIMENTARY ROCKSC. METAMORPHIC ROCKSD. ALL OF THE ABOVE

Metamorphic rock is formed when heat and

pressure change:

A. THE EXACT AGE OF AN OBJECTB. THE ORDER OF EVENTS OVER TIMEC. THE COLOR OF AN OBJECTD. THE BEHAVIORS OF AN ORGANISM

Relative dating uses various clues to figure out:

A. GRAVITYB. ROOT WEDGINGC. FROST WEDGINGD. CHEMICAL WEATHERING

Falling rock can break into very small pieces when it hits the

ground by:

A. THE LAW OF SUPERPOSITIONB.LATERAL CONTINUITYC. RELATIVE DATINGD.CROSS-CUTTING

A method of putting events in the order in which they happened is

known as:

A. IGNEOUSB. SEDIMENTARYC. METAMORPHICD. IGNEOUS AND SEDIMENTARY

Preserved animal remains are usually found in which rock

type?

A. FAUNAL SUCCESSIONB.INCLUSIONC. RELATIVE DATINGD.CROSS-CUTTING

When fossils are used to determine the relative age of layers of rock is

it is known as:

A. PHYSICAL WEATHERINGB. CHEMICAL WEATHERINGC. EROSIOND. DEPOSITION

Rock can be reduced to smaller pieces by chemical reactions between water

and rock grains in the process of:

A. SOFT B ODY PARTS DECAY, SEDIMENTS ARE DEPOSITED AND COVER ORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS AND PARTS BECOME ROCK

B. SEDIMENTS ARE DEPOSITED AND COVER ORGANISM, SOFT B ODY PARTS DECAY, SEDIMENTS AND HARD PARTS BECOME ROCK

C. HARD AND SOFT B ODY PARTS DECAY AND BECOME ROCK

D. SEDIMENTS COVER ORGANISM AND ALL B ODY PARTS DECAY

The correct order of events for fossil formation is:

A. TOPB. BOTTOMC. MIDDLED. SIDE

Where is the youngest layer of sedimentary rock usually found

in multiple layers of rock?

A. THE ENTIRE BODYB.SOFT PARTSC. THE ORGANISM’S SKIND.HARD PARTS

Fossils are most often formed from which parts of a dead organism?

A. GRAVITYB. EXFOLIATIONC. ICE WEDGINGD. ROOT WEDGING

_____ is a weathering agent in which frozen water causes rocks

to break apart:

A. HORIZON AB.HORIZON BC. HORIZON DD.HORIZON O

In a soil profile, a dark layer composed of decaying plant matter

and humus is:

A. EROSIONB. DEPOSITIONC. WEATHERINGD. SEDIMENTATION

The process of breaking down rock is called:

A.ERASB.PERIODSC.CENTURIESD.DECADES

The largest divisions of time on the geologic time scale are known as:

A.THE LAW OF SUPERPOSITION

B.LATERAL CONTINUITYC.RELATIVE DATINGD.CROSS-CUTTING

A method of putting events in the order in which they happened is known as:

A.YEARS AND MONTHSB.ERAS AND PERIODSC.CENTURIES AND PERIODSD.ERAS AND DECADES

In the geologic time scale, major periods of time are divided into: