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Paper no. 5 revised test

Test I Multiple Choice. Each item below has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write the letter

that corresponds to the letter of your chosen answer before the number on your test paper.

NO ERASURES ALLOWED.

1. How manypart is the oxygen which can be found in the earths atmosphere?

a. more than 50 % c. approximately 21 %b. 1% and less d. exactly 50%

2. The following are ecologically important qualities of light. Which one is hot?a. luminosity c. refraction

b. exposure d. magnitude

3. The functional unit in the study of ecology isa. biotic community c. population

b. individual d. ecosystem

4. Which term include all others?a. hydrosphere c. atmosphere

b. lithosphere d. ecosphere

5. One example in the ecological approach that is synecology is the study of

a. life cycle oftamilok c. development of oyster

b. water movement in a stream d. orchids on an acacia tree

6. The study of ecosystems as they affect and are affected by man is

a. environment c. human biology

b. dynamics of a stream d. environmental science

7. Which of the following is not a climatic regime?

a. biogenic salts c. precipitationb. cloudiness d. wind velocity

8. Which two factors, taken together explain why we have different seasons?a. light intensity and angle of reflection

b. duration of sunlight and angle of incidence

c. light quality and amount of reflection

d. duration of light and latitude

9. In a mangrove forest, which factor could be a more important limiting factor?a. dissolved gases c. speed of current

b. temperature d. water pH

10. Generally, organisms like orchids live at what range?

a. maximum moisture and lightb. maximum light and nutrients

c. optimum range of conditions

d. less moisture and high temperature

11. In choosing a habitat, which of the following is the first action of a young bird?

a. establish a nest c. settle in the home rangeb. explore d. migrate to cold places

12. Very young crabs (kalampay or talangka) hatched in the sea move upstream and grow until maturity

in fresh waters. This species is

a. stenohaline c. euryhalineb. eurythermal d. stenothermal

13. What is the niche of mushrooms and most free living fungi?

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a. make nutrients available to other organismsb. decrease the amount of mineral supply

c. increase heat energy available for other organisms

d. release oxygen to the soil

14. Man is found in almost all parts of the world because he has the capability to do the following except

a. modify his environment to suit his needs

b. change his living requirement to adjust to the habitatc. alter weather conditions to a large extent

d. domesticate plants and animals for his purpose

15. Which of the following is not true of Shelfords Law of Tolerance?

a. Organisms show variation in response to different factors

b. Organisms tend to live to a minimum range

c. The reproductive stage in the life cycle of an organism is most criticald. steno species are widely distributed

16. Why must organisms maintain a fairly constant internal environment?

a. an increase in temp. outside may enhance survivalb. an change in salinity level affect the cells ability to reproduce

c. to sustain life of the organism in a particular habitat

d. as a response to external environments

17. The following are the physical component/of an estuary like the mouth of Iloilo River Except

a. light penetration c. turbidityb. salinity d. current

18. The study of ecology is related to other fields of science. What field of knowledge will help us

understand the functions of availability of water and nutrients to plants?

a. geology c. meteorologyb. population genetics d. microbiology

19. An example of a field study conducted by an ecologist to determine relationship of nutrients to rice

growth and yield is.

a. develop plots in a greenhouse and control the factorsb. measure nitrogen availability in rice field

c. develop farm lots and apply various levels of fertilizers

d. grow varieties of rice in farmers field

20. There had been a number of reports on snakes (phyton) caught in thickly populated areas in Metro

Manila in summer. What may be the most plausible explanation for this?a. snakes migrate to where there are more food for them

b. young snakes may have been carried by floods to the cityc. snakes have more space in big cities

d. snakes are ectotherms, thus they search for a cooler place

21. Which soil horizon would be a good habitat for mosses and ferns?

a. organic layer c. mineral layer

b. bedrock layer d. zone of leaching

22. Life in the soil is highly diverse. Which organisms are highly abundant in soils?

a. fungi c. flatwormsb. segmented worms d. arachnids

23. What may bring about the initial formation of soil?

a. weathering of rocks c. action of winds

b. action of big rooted plants d. effect of farming

24. Most plants take up nutrients from the soil. Which one is taken in small amounts even if these are

abundantly found in the area?

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a. potassium c. phosphorusb. zinc d. calcium

25. Animals in arid places meet the water problem by

a. feeding at night c. releasing more water as wasteb. being active at day time d. by becoming hypothermic

26. The following are ways by which desert organism loss water and solutes. Which one is not?a. through urine c. evaporation from skin

b. producing metabolic water d. through feces

27. Plants respond to water stress by

a. yellowing of leaves c. increased photosynthesis

b. stomatal opening d. producing more leaves

28. For mammals, what is the major barrier to outside heat flow?

a. body fat c. dark colored fur

b. light colored fur d. growing a heavy coat of fur

29. What may be a plausible explanation for luxuriant growth of trees in north-facing slopes and south

facing slopes in a mountain.

a. abundance of moisture c. distinct microclimateb. similarity in topography d. soil texture that are similar

30. Of the emerging environmental health issues, which is the most important to the Philippines thatneed immediate action?

a. freshwater c. climate change

b. desertification d. saltwater intrusion in wells

31. Apples grow best in temperate countries but not in Panay Island. Why is this so?a. apples have wide tolerance to tropical climate c. nutrients for growth are scarce

b. apples cannot adjust to the climate d. apples have no insect pollinators

32. Adding too much fertilizers to soil may even be harmful to crops. Why is this true?

a. this will result to increased acidity of soilb. this will make the soil more alkaline

c. this will result to poor soil quality

d. this will result to intense competition to crops

33. You would like to set up a self-sustaining freshwater aquarium. Which one cannot be added to the

live organisms in the aquarium?a. Fish c. algae

c. Snail d. sand dollar

34. A marsh along a lake and land communities is an example of

a. Niche c. barrierb. Ecotone d. mangrove

Give the food web of a freshwater pond, answer the following questions #35-37:

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Sun

Dragonfly water lily

Phytoplantkton zooplankton

Water beetles snails

Frog tilapia turtle

Bacteria duck

35. What is the trophic level occupied by the turtle?

a. 1st

c. 3rd

b. 2

ndd. 4

th

36. The water beetles area. 1

storder consumer c. 3

rdorder consumer

b. 2nd

order consumer d. 4th

order consumer

37. Which organism is the final consumer?

a. duck c. turtleb. bacteria d. dragonfly

38. If usable energy at the producer level is 10,0000 kilocalories, what is the number of kilocalories that

a tertiary consumer will be able to obtain from its immediate food supply?

a. 10,0000 kcal c. 100kcalb. 1,000 kcal d. 10 kcal

39. A generalized graph of biomass in an ocean shows that the biomass of primary producers is lesser

than that of primary consumers. How can this situation occur?a. there is energy subsidy from land ecosystems

b. there are many predatorsc. the consumers can survive even if there are few producers

d. the consumers do not feed on producers

40. Which of the following ecosystems has the least productivity?

a. Desert c. marshesb. Swamps d. estuaries

41. Which of the following enable living things to release carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?a. Photosynthesis c. food consumption

b. Respiration d. combustion

42. Which of the following accelerated the transfer of phosphate from land to the sea?a. Weathering c. erosion

b. geologic d. compaction over time

43. What forces allows for the movement of water in cycles?

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a. gravity and energy from the sunb. mechanical energy and motion of the moon

c. precipitation and condensation

d. run off and solar energy

44. Ecologists unravel the processes of nature through the following ways EXCEPT

a. field research c. systems analysis

b. laboratory research d. library research

45. Given a food chain, detritus____ mudskipper _____ mullet ______; what organism can you add to

the chaint?a. Whale c. shrimp

b. Milkfish d. mudcrab

46. Species are classified according to their roles in the ecosystem. Which one is an exotic species in thecountry?

a. African hito c. rattan

b. Maya d. abaca

47. Which of the following is a specialist species (organisms with narrow niches)?

a. Prawns c. red-cockaded woodpeckers

b. Rats d. bullfrogs

48. If man would withdraw ground water to support his commerce and basic needs, what possible

impacts will this have on water cycle?a. intrusion of salt water into underground supplies

b. increase runoff

c. reduces infiltration that recharges groundwater supplies

d. increases the risk of flooding

49. In the advocacy for environment, Year 2010 is dedicated as international year of

a. Astronomy c. climate changeb. Biodiversity d. education for sustainable development

50. Considering age and parts of the plant, which of the following would be most productive in terms ofbiomass.

a. young shoots c. old roots

b. young roots d. old shoots