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Anatomy test 3

1. What is the function of nervous system?a. Communication and controlb. Detect changes in environmentc. Homeostasis

2. What is homeostasis?a. Condition by which internal hysiological conditions remain constant desite changes in

environment3. What are the divisions of the nervous system?

a. Central nervous system

b. !eriheral nervous systemc. Autonomic nervous system

". What ma#es u C$%?a. &rainb. %inal cord

'. What ma#es u !$%?a. 12 airs of cranial nervesb. 31 air of sinal nerves

(. What ma#es u A$%?a. C$%b. !$%

). What is a neuron?a. $erve cell

*. What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?a. $euron

+. What is the neuron caable of?

a. ,enerating and transmitting electrical activity1-. What is the structure of neuron?a. Dendritesb. Cell bodyc. Aond. %ynase

11. What are dendrites?a. $umerous and shortb. Convey electrical imulse to the neuron

12. Cell body?a. Contains tyical organelles of most cells

13. Aon?a. %ingle and longb. Conveys electrical imulse AWA/ from cell body

1". %ynase?a. A communication 0unction between a neuron and another cell.

1'. What is a chemical synase?

a. When electrical imulses reaches terminal art of aon chemicals called neurotransmitters arereleased into synatic cleft.

1(. What do neurotransmitters do?a. Cause second cell to become activeb. uscle contraction gland secretion neuron activation

1). What does neuroglia do?a. %uorts cells of nervous system

1*. What is in neuroglia of C$%?a. icrogliab. Astrocytesc. ligodendrocytes

1+. icroglia?a. %mall mobileb. 4emoves debris waste athogens

2-. Astrocytes?a. Contains blood5brain5barrier

21. ligodendrocytes?a. yelinate C$% aons

22. What is secial about oligodendrocytes?a. nly in C$%b. 6clusively with aon

23. What is the function of the blood5brain5barrier in astrocytes?a. !revents oison and toins from getting into the brain

2". What wra themselves around aons in a 0ellyroll fashion?a. ligodendrycytes

2'. What roduces myelin?a. ligodendrocytesb. %erves as an insulator to electrical currents

2(. Where does saltatory conduction ta#e lace?a. nly in myelinated aons because of oligodendrocytes

2). What is the node of ranvier?

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a. ening where it 0ums2*. What is myelin?

a. 7atty substance that insulates from electrical activity2+. What is faster? yelinated or non5myelinated?

a. yelinated83-. How much faster?

a. 1-- m9s faster31. What is the neuroglia of !$%?

a. %chwann cellb. %ame structure and function as oligodendrocytes

32. What are used for nerve and aon regeneration?a. %chwann cellsb. ligodendrocytes

33. What is A:%? A#a :ou ,ehrig diseasea. A;ects neuron in C$%b. Wea#ened s#eletal musclesc. Does $< a;ect sensory abilitiesd. 7atal

3". What is %?a. !rogressive de5myelination of C$%b. %carring of neuronsc. A;ects both muscle and sensoryd. !rogression is slow

3'. What are the subdivisions of the brain?a. Cerebrumb. Cerebellumc. &rainstem

3(. What is the largest subdivision of the brain?

a. Cerebrum3). What art folds?

a. Cerebrum3*. What is the elevated ridges?

a. ,yri3+. What are the shallow deressions called?

a. %ulci"-. Where is the central sulcus located?

a. 4uns vertically on lateral side of brain"1. :ateral sulcus?

a. Hori=ontally on brain"2. What does the longitudinal >ssure do?

a. Divides brain into left and right"3. What does the cerebrum consist of?

a.

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a. Conversationb. nderstanding seech and formulating sentences to eress emotions

'*. What are the boundaries of occiital lobe?a. 7orms osterior region of each cerebral hemishere

'+. 7unction of occiital lobe?a. @ision

(-. What is the occiital lobe also #nown for?a. @isual corte

(1. What are the boundaries of temoral lobe?a. nferior to lateral sulcus

(2. 7unction of temoral?a. Hearing language smell

(3.

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a. aintains temeratureb. 6ating and water inta#ec. 4egulates slee

*+. Hyothalamus is C6 of?a. A$%b. 6ndocrine system

+-. :ibido?a. %e drive EHyothalamusF

+1. 7unction on meninges?a. %hoc# absorbers and revent contact with surrounding bone. Es#ull vertebraeF

+2. ost suer>cial of C< of meninges?

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b. !erineuriumc. endoneurium

11(.What is a nerve?a. %tructure closer to s#eletal muscle C

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a. Abducen1"'. @5

a. 7acialb. iedc. otor to face musclesd. %ensory to taste budsJanterior 293 of tongue

1"(. What cranial nerves ma#e u the tongue?a. @ facial.. 293 anterior tongue for taste budsb. I glossoharyngeal..193 osterior taste of tongue

1"). @5a. @estibulocochlearb. %ensoryc. Cochlea and semicircular canals

1"*. I5a. ,lossoharyngealb. iedc. otor to5 swallowing muscle of harynd. And roducing salivae. %ensory to oster 193 of tonguef. And lining of haryn

1"+. I5a. @agusb. nnervates head nec# thora and abdomenc. iedd. otor to haryngeal and laryngeal musclese. rgans in thora and abdomenf. :ungs and heartg. :iver stomach intestines

h. %ensory to haryn eternal auditory canal and organs of thora1'-. I5

a. otorb. %ternocleidomastoidc.

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1. edial thigh Eadductors gracilisF1(".%acral

a. :"5%"b. %uly to lower etremities

i. %ciatic1. !osterior thigh EhamstringF

ii. bular1. Anterior leg

1('.What #ees the diaghragm alive?a. C35c'

1((. nger gets dual action in the median9ulnar.a. edian5 lateral ring >ngerb. lnar5 medial ring >nger

1().What is the largest nerve in the body?a. %ciatic

1(*. What haens if you damage aillary?a. Cannot abduct

1(+.What haens if you damage radial?a. Cannot etend

1)-.What haens if you damage musculocutaneus?a. Cannot Ge elbow

1)1.What haens if you damage medial9ulnar?a. Cannot etend

1)2. What haens if you damage femoral?a. Cannot etend #nee

1)3.What haens if you damage obturator?

a. Cannot ut #nees together1)".What haens if you damage tibial?

a. $o lantar Geion1)'.What haens if you damage common >bular?

a. $o dorsiGeion sla foot1)(.What does A$% do?

a. 4egulates unconsciouslyb. Cardiovascular9resiration9etc.

1)). 2 subdivisions of A$%a. %ymathetic $%

i. KGight or >ghtLb. !arasymathetic $%

i. Krest or resonseL1)*.2 neurons of A$%

a. !reganglioticb. ,angliotic

1)+.What is a ganglion?a. %tructure where the aon of the regangliotic neuron synases. Erelease of neurotransmittersF

with gangliotic neuron.1*-.!reganglion5 location? :evel?

a. ,ray matteri.

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1**.%ecial sensesa. ,ustationb. lfactionc. @isiond. 6uilliriume. Hearing

1*+.4ecetors?a. %eciali=ed structures that detect seci>c stimuli

i. ed suamos eitheliumb. Does not line corneac. Contains many small blood vessels to rovide nutrients to the outer layer of the eye

2--.What is in# eye?a. Con0unctivitis

2-1.Walls of eye5 3 layersa. 7ibrous tunic

i. 6ternalb. @ascular tunicc. $eural tunic

i. nner

d.

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a. %ymathetic2-+.$eural

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b. %#eletal musclesc. &oned. Connective tissue

23-.