TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international...
-
Upload
marjory-freeman -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international...
![Page 1: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
TERRORISM
Cy-Woods HS World Geography
2011-2012
![Page 2: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is terrorism?• No official international definition as it
is politically and emotionally charged. Generally means using terror as a means of coercion to achieve group’s goal(s)
• Has been used by all kinds of groups in countries all over the world to get their points across
• Different types of terrorism from state-sponsored (Nazi Germany) to domestic (OKC) to religious (Crusades?)
• What one group might call terrorism, another might call “freedom fighting” – much depends on perception and group you’re talking to…
![Page 3: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is the cause of terrorism?
• Social and political injustice: People choose terrorism when they are trying to right what they perceive to be a social or political or historical wrong—when they have been stripped of their land or rights, or denied these.
• The belief that violence or its threat will be effective, and usher in change. Another way of saying this is: the belief that violent means justify the ends. Many terrorists in history said sincerely that they chose violence after long deliberation, because they felt they had no choice.
![Page 4: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
How might cultural diffusion
lead to terrorism?• Frustration by some groups who
believe that newly introduced ideas and customs damage their cultural and religious beliefs.
• Can you think of examples around the world?
• Who would be affected more? The older or younger generation? Why?
• Why would the U.S. be targeted by terrorist groups?
![Page 5: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
September 11, 2001
Pentagon Building Shanksville, PA
New York City
![Page 6: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
New York City, As seen from Google Earth,
September 11, 2001
![Page 12: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
United Flight 93 crashed in Shanksville, PA after a group of passengers
unsuccessfully attempted to overpower the hijackers
"Jack, pick up sweetie, can you hear me? Okay. I just want to tell you, there's a little problem with the plane. I'm fine. I'm totally fine. I just want to tell you how much I love you."
Message left by passenger Lauren Grandcolas. (Stratford, Class of ‘81)
![Page 13: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
2753 victims
![Page 14: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Picture Slideshow
![Page 15: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
911 Hijackers
• 15 of 19 from Saudi Arabia
• Some trained at Al-Qaeda terrorist camps
• In U.S. for a few months and lived in either San Diego or South Florida
• Followed extreme version of Islam called Wahabism
• Most educated, middle class
![Page 16: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The leader of Al-Qaeda, Osama bin Laden, the wealthy son of a prominent Saudi family with ties to the royal family, planned the attacks from his hideout in the mountains of Afghanistan. Killed by U.S. special forces in Pakistan May 2011
![Page 17: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Causes of 9/11
• U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East, especially its support of Israel
• Support of Middle Eastern regimes (Saudi Arabian royal family) seen as not truly Islamic by al-Qaeda
• Globalization of U.S. culture around the world – conflicting with other cultures
• Increased Islamic fundamentalism
![Page 18: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Terrorist Attacks by Al-Qaeda
NYCWashington, DC
U.S. EmbassiesKenya, Tanzania
Yemen
Istanbul
![Page 19: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Oklahoma City Bombing
• April 19, 1995• Upset over the previous
year’s incident with the Branch Davidian group in Waco, Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols detonated a bomb at the Murrah Federal building in OKC.
• Blamed FBI and ATF for Waco; anti-government group
![Page 20: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Oklahoma City Bombing• Home grown terrorists
wanted to inflict damage on the agencies they saw as being responsible for the Waco tragedy.
• 168 lives were lost, including 19 children under the age of 6 with almost 700 injured
• McVeigh was sentenced to death
• Worst terrorist attack in U.S. prior to 9/11
![Page 21: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
School Shootings (Columbine)
• April 20, 1999• Two seniors upset over
what they considered being bullied and labeled social outcasts, massacred 12 of their fellow students and a teacher
• After the killings, issues like bullying, gun control and violent video games began to be spoken about more in society
![Page 22: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Colombia and Peru• Anti-government
communist or far right paramilitary groups target government officials, journalists and politicians and the wealthy
• Kidnapping for ransom most popular method of terrorism used
• Claim to represent the poor and are anti-imperialists who want to set up agrarian society
![Page 23: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Buenos Aires, Argentina
• July 18, 1994• Hezbollah, a terrorist
group supported by the government of Iran, was accused of setting off a bomb that killed 85 and injured hundreds at an Argentine-Israeli organization’s headquarters
![Page 24: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Munich, Germany 1972 Olympics
• Members of the Israeli Olympic team were taken hostage by the Palestinian terrorist group Black September
• Group wanted release of German and Arab terrorists from jail
• Chose Olympic games to draw attention to message
• 11 athletes and coaches were killed
![Page 25: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Northern Ireland• From 1960s until late
1990s• Various Protestant
unionist and Catholic nationalist groups fought over control of Northern Ireland
• IRA (Irish Republican Army – Catholic) wanted British out of Northern Ireland and Ireland reunited
• Groups like Ulster Unionists want to keep Northern Ireland as part of the United Kingdom
![Page 26: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Madrid, Spain
• March 11, 2004• Rush hour 10
explosions on 4 trains killed almost 200 and injured more than 2,000
• An Al-Qaeda sponsored terrorist cell is thought to be responsible; wanted to punish Spain for helping US in War on Terrorism
![Page 27: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Oslo and Utøya Island,Norway
• July 22, 2011• Angered over growing
multi-culturalism in Norway, a right wing fanatic targeted government buildings in Norway and a summer camp for young people interested in Norwegian politics.
• 77 were killed and more than 200 injured, the vast majority of whom were teenagers and young people on Utøya Island.
![Page 28: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Chechnya and Moscow
• Attacks in Russia by Chechen separatist group who don’t want to be part of Russia and want Russian troops to withdraw from Chechnya
• European Russia primarily Orthodox, Chechen primarily Muslim and have different ethnicity
• Attacks have occurred at schools, airports, theaters
![Page 29: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Bali, Indonesia• October 12, 2002• Bombings on popular
tourist island in South Pacific killed more than 200
• Islamic fundamentalist organization whose goal is to set up theocracy ruled by sharia law in Indonesia held responsible
• Targeted foreigners
![Page 30: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Mumbai, India• November 26-29, 2008• Pakistani terrorist
group targeted hotel, train station, café and Jewish hostel
• Goal of group is to set up Islamic state in South Asia and free Kashmir from Hindu rule
• Almost 200 killed, more than 300 injured
• Targeted Hindus, Jews and foreigners
![Page 31: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Tokyo, Japan
• March 20, 1995• Domestic attack by
Japanese terrorists who used sarin gas to kill 13 people and injured more than 1,000 others
• Chemical warfare on trains going between government centers
• Group wanted to hasten apocalypse and overthrow Japanese government and emperor
![Page 32: TERRORISM Cy-Woods HS World Geography 2011-2012. What is terrorism? No official international definition as it is politically and emotionally charged.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649e035503460f94aedd9b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Summarize
• How would you characterize the causes of terrorism around the world?