T E R R I T O RY T O S TAT E H O O D

ARIZONA HISTORY

RAILROADS AND MINERALS

• Major reasons the U.S wanted the Arizona Territory:• We wanted a coast to

coast railroad and Mexico was in the way!!

• Rich minerals- very profitable mining business• 1854 – Copper

discovered• 1858 – Gold

discovered on Gila River

TREATY OF GUADALUPE HIDALGO

• Ended the Mexican American War• 1848 - The war ended with the Treaty of

Guadalupe Hidalgo. The treaty gave a lot of Mexican territory to the United States. Out of this land, the United States would create many states, including, California, Arizona, and Utah.

• Gave land North of Gila River to U.S.

• The treaty ceded all of Mexico's territory in New Mexico and California to the United States in return for a payment of $18.25 million.

• Each side condemned the other

GADSDEN PURCHASE

JAMES GADSDEN’S PURCHASE

• Thanks to James Gadsden's friendship with Jefferson Davis, the U.S. Secretary of War, Gadsden was named Minister to Mexico.

• His instructions, were to buy enough land from Mexico to clear the way for the railroad project.

• In 1852, a deal was struck with Mexico's Santa Anna. For $10,000,000, the U.S. would get over 45,000 square miles of land

• land making up what is now southwestern New Mexico and southern Arizona. At about 33 cents per acre both Mexico and the U.S. would agree that the Gadsden Purchase was a bargain for the U.S.

ARIZONA TERRITORY

Arizona Territory was formed on February 24, 1863 from New Mexico Territory, remaining a territory for 49 years.

John N. Goodwin was the first governor of the Arizona Territory

FORT WHIPPLE

Fort Whipple was a U.S. Army post which served as Arizona Territory's capital prior to the founding of Prescott, Arizona. The post was founded in January 1864 in Chino Valley, Arizona, but was moved in May 1864 to Granite Creek near the present day location of Prescott. The post was closed in 1913.

ARIZONA CAPITOLS

• Prescott• Tucson• Phoenix

AZ STATEHOOD

• February 14, 1912• 48th state admitted to the

Union• It joined the Confederate

side during the Civil War• Phoenix is the Capitol of

Arizona• 1940 Arizona becomes

known as the “Grand Canyon State”