Terrestrial Biomes Overview. biome large geographic areas that have similar climates and ecosystems...
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![Page 1: Terrestrial Biomes Overview. biome large geographic areas that have similar climates and ecosystems (the types of organisms that live there)](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d345503460f94a0a58b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Terrestrial Biomes
Overview
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biome
large geographic areas that have similar climates and ecosystems (the types of organisms that live there)
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climate
includes the average yearly temperature and amount of rainfall an area receives
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coniferous
trees with cones and thin, needle-shaped leaves; evergreen trees such as pine, fir, and spruce
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deciduous
trees that have flat leaves that change color and fall off before winter
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Tropical Rain Forest
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Tropical Rainforest
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canopy
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tropical rain forest
• Located around or near the equator.• Land covered by tall trees and lush plant
growth.• Warm/hot temperatures year round 68-93oF• high amounts of rain 50-260”• Ferns, orchids, and tall (canopy) trees• Parrots, snakes, frogs, monkeys, lizards
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• Thousands of species of trees and other plants.
• Thousands of species of animals: monkeys, frogs, birds, insects, etc.
• A lot of rain and an astonishing variety of organisms.
• Produce 40% of Earth’s oxygen
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Tropical Grasslands
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Savanna
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tropical grassland or savanna
• a grassland biome near the equator• Warm temperatures (~70o F)• Wet and dry seasons• Dry 4” of rain, wet 15-25” of rain• Grasses, shrubs, and a few trees• Animals like zebras, giraffes, wildebeest,
gazelles, lions, leopards, elephants• Where the zoo animals live. (Lion King)
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Desert
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deserts
• Land covered by rocks or sand. Poor soil.• Extreme temperature changes between day
and night. 77-120oF• Very little rain--receives less than 10 in. (25
cm) of rain each year• Some have cold winters, some have cold
nighttime temperatures, but they have high daytime temperatures
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deserts
• A few plants that are able to store water such as the saguaro cactus and creosote bushes.
• Animals mainly come out at night• Snakes, other reptiles, rodents• Owls, hawks, roadrunners• Very few large animals.• Barren, windblown sand dunes (hot deserts).
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Temperate Deciduous Forest
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Temperate Deciduous Forest
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• Land covered by deciduous trees.• Moderate temperatures (average 50oF)• Abundant rainfall throughout the year.
(average 30-60 in.)• Four distinct seasons.
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temperate deciduous forest
• Mostly deciduous trees such as beech, oak, maple, elm, hickory and some coniferous trees.
• Animals include earthworms, birds, white-tailed deer, foxes, squirrels, raccoons, etc.
• Deciduous trees (trees that lose their leaves)• Georgia is located in this biome.
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Temperate Grasslands
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buffalo
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temperate grassland
• Covered with grasses, but basically no trees.• Found at the same latitude as temperate
deciduous forests.• Not enough rain to support many trees.• Ave. temp 56oF; ave. rainfall 10-30 in.• Grasses such as wheat. Scattered trees.• Also called pampas, steppe or veldt.
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temperate grassland
• Mostly grazing animals like antelope, prairie dogs, coyotes, bison/buffalo, skunks, badgers, and songbirds.
• Called the “Bread baskets of the world” because of the crops grown there. (cereals—wheat, barley, corn)
• Great Plains in the US/prairie
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Taiga (boreal forest)
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Taiga
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taiga (ty-guh)
• Land covered by coniferous trees.• Long, cold winters with little precipitation, but
warmer and wetter summers.• Ave. temp. -14-60oF; ave. rainfall 12 in.• Plants include coniferous trees such as pine,
fir, and spruce
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taiga (ty-guh)
• Deer, elk, caribou, wolves, moose, black bears, shrews, other rodents, and migratory birds
• Some animals migrate to warmer climates in the winter; some hibernate
• A cold forest of evergreen trees
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Tundra
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Tundra
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tundra
• Land covered with ice for most of the year• made up of soil called permafrost—a layer of
permanently frozen soil• a cold biome that does not support trees • Extremely cold and dry.• Ave. temp -30-45oF; ave. rainfall 8 in. (a cold
desert)
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tundra• Low grasses and lichens. No/few trees.• Fewer species than other biomes.• caribou, arctic foxes, snowshoe hares, owls, voles
(rodents)• Amphibians and reptiles are rare (they are cold
blooded and cannot maintain a constant body temperature).
• A cold, treeless plain; Arctic regions• The largest biome—covers about 20% of Earth’s
land.
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temperate deciduous forest
• Moderate rainfall
• Moderate temperatures
• Trees that lose their leaves
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tropical rain forest
• High levels of rainfall
• High temperatures
• Many species of plants and animals
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desert
• Low levels of rainfall
• High temperatures during the day• Low temperatures at night
• Few large animals
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tundra
• Low to moderate rain fall
• Lower temperatures year round
• Few trees
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temperate grasslands/prairie
• Moderate rainfall
• Moderate temperatures
• Few trees
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taiga
• Low to moderate rain fall
• Low temperatures for most of the year• (long winters)
• Many coniferous trees
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tropical grasslands/savanna
• High levels of rainfall at times (wet season)• Low levels of rainfall at times (dry season)
• Moderate to high temperatures
• Few trees