Term1 unit2 pt1

44
European Coloniza.on of North America 1. What mo.vated Europeans to se<le North America? 2. Where and why Did the Dutch and French se<le in North America? Textbook Reference: Chapter 3 Sec.on 3

description

Early European Colonization of North America, New France ,New Netherland, Northwest passage

Transcript of Term1 unit2 pt1

Page 1: Term1 unit2 pt1

European  Coloniza.on  of    North  America  

1.  What  mo.vated  Europeans  to  se<le  North  America?  

2.  Where  and  why  Did  the  Dutch  and  French  se<le  in    

North  America?    Textbook  Reference:  Chapter  3  Sec.on  3  

Page 2: Term1 unit2 pt1

“I  Can”  Checklist  

q I  can  explain  how  differences  and  compe..on  led  to  conflict  between  European  powers  in  North  America    

q I  can  iden.fy  key  individuals  who  contributed  to  explora.on  

q I  can  explain  the  impact  on  Na.ve  Americans    

Page 3: Term1 unit2 pt1

Key  Terms  and  Concepts  

•  1500s-­‐1600s  •   Henry  Hudson,  Samuel  de  Champlain,  Peter  Minuit,  New  France,  New  Netherland  

•  Northwest  Passage,  coureur  de  bois,  fur  trading,  alliance,  missionaries,  Protestant  Reforma.on,  Mar.n  Luther,  Hudson  River,  St.  Lawrence  River,  New  Orleans  

 

Page 4: Term1 unit2 pt1

During  the  era  of  explora.on,  the  Spanish  established  an  empire  in  

North  and  South  America.    Following  Spain's  example,  England,  

France,  and  the  Netherlands  set  out  to  establish  colonies  in  North  America.  

     

Page 5: Term1 unit2 pt1

Where  did  European  na.ons  explore  and  set  up  colonies  in  

North  America?        

Page 6: Term1 unit2 pt1

England  

•  John  Cabot  1497  •  First  to  reach  the  northern  coast  of  North  America    since  the  Vikings.  Claimed  to  have  found  a  “new-­‐found  island”  in  Asia.    

•  England  spends  the  rest  of  the  century  stealing  from  other  countries  ships  and  searching  for  a  northwest  passage  in  the  area  Cabot  mapped  out  

Page 7: Term1 unit2 pt1

John  Cabot  

Page 8: Term1 unit2 pt1

Northwest  Passage  

•  A  waterway  through  or  around  North  America  that  was  never  found.    

•  Eventually  Europe  started  thinking  about  profi.ng  from  the  regions  rich  natural  resources  instead  of  going  to  Asia  

Page 9: Term1 unit2 pt1
Page 10: Term1 unit2 pt1

England  

•  Henry  Hudson  1610-­‐1611  

•  Leads  the  explora.on  far  north  into  what  is  now  called  Hudson  bay.    

•  Hudson,  his  son,  and  a  few  supporters  are  stranded  there  by  his  crew  during  a  mu.ny,  and  are  never  heard  from  again.  

   

Page 11: Term1 unit2 pt1
Page 12: Term1 unit2 pt1

The  Netherlands    

•  Henry  Hudson  1609  •  While  sailing  for  the  Dutch,  he  entered  New  York  Harbor  and  con.nued  to  sail  150  miles  up  what  is  now  called  the  Hudson  River  

Page 13: Term1 unit2 pt1

The  Hudson  River  

Page 14: Term1 unit2 pt1
Page 15: Term1 unit2 pt1

New  Netherland  

•  Peter  Minuit  1626  •  Bought  Manha<an  Island  from  American  Indians  and  started  a  trading  post  at  the  mouth  of  the  Hudson  River  called  New  Amsterdam.  Other  Dutch  colonists  se<led  up  and  down  the  river-­‐  the  area  was  called  New  Netherland    

   

Page 16: Term1 unit2 pt1

   Peter  Minuit    

Page 17: Term1 unit2 pt1

New  Netherland  

•  New  Amsterdam  quickly  grew  into  a  busy  port  •  The  Dutch  welcomed  people  from  all  over  Europe  into  their  colony  

•  In  1655  they  took  over  the  colony  of  New  Sweden  

•  The  Dutch  excelled  in  trading  and  taking  resources  such  as  .mber  and  furs  from  their  se<lements  

Page 18: Term1 unit2 pt1

       New  Amsterdam  

Page 19: Term1 unit2 pt1

France    

•  Giovanni  da  Verrazano  1524  •  An  Italian  explorer  sent  by  France.  He  is  the  first  to  navigate  and  map  the  East  coast  from  the  Carolinas  to  Canada  

•  Jacques  Car.er  (  kar  tee  yay)1534-­‐36  •  Leads  his  crew  more  than  halfway  up  the  Canadian  river  we  now  call  the  St.  Lawrence  

Page 20: Term1 unit2 pt1

     Giovanni  da  Verrazano    

Page 21: Term1 unit2 pt1

     Jacques  Car.er    

Page 22: Term1 unit2 pt1

                 St.  Lawrence  River  

Page 23: Term1 unit2 pt1

New  France  

•  Samuel  de  Champlain  1605  •  Founded  Port  Royal,  the  first  permanent  French  se<lement  in  North  America  

•  Three  years  later  he  followed  Car.er’s  route  up  the  St.  Lawrence  and  built  a  trading  post  known  as  Quebec  

Page 24: Term1 unit2 pt1

 Samuel  de  Champlain  

Page 25: Term1 unit2 pt1

New  France  

•  Unlike  Spain’s  Empire,  New  France  had  li<le  gold  or  silver.  Instead  they  profited  from  fishing,  trapping,  and  trading  

•  The  French  colonists  who  lived  and  worked  in  the  woods  became  known  as  Coureurs  de  bois  (Koo  RYOOR  Duh  BWAH)  or  “runners  of  the  woods”    

•  These  fur  trappers  and  traders  established  friendly  rela.onships  with  American  Indians  

Page 26: Term1 unit2 pt1

New  France  

•  They  did  not  interfere  with  Indian  land  as  much  as  the  English  because  they  weren’t  farmers  

•  They  provided  American  Indians  with  valuable  European  made  goods  

•  The  Na.ve  Americans  taught  them  how  to  survive  and  trap    

•  The  beaver  skins  and  other  furs  were  sold  for  a  high  price  in  Europe  through  the  fur  trade  

Page 27: Term1 unit2 pt1
Page 28: Term1 unit2 pt1

New  France  •  Catholic  missionaries  olen  accompanied  the  Coureurs  de  bois  in  order  to  convert  American  Indians.  They  olen  made  maps  and  wrote  journals  and  le<ers  describing  their  journeys  

Page 29: Term1 unit2 pt1

New  Orleans  

•  Jacques  Marque<e  and  Louis  Joliet  1673  •  A  missionary  and  a  fur  trader  followed  the  St  Lawrence  to  the  Great  Lakes  then  they  followed  the  Mississippi  river  for  more  than  700  miles  with  the  help  of  American  Indian  guides.  

•  New  Orleans  is  built  to  send  goods  to  Europe  and  keep  other  European  na.ons  out  of  French  territory  

Page 30: Term1 unit2 pt1

Coloniza.on,  Compe..on  and  Effects  on  Na.ve  Americans    

•  The  Protestant  Reforma.on:  In  1517,  Mar.n  Luther  publicly  challenged  many  of  the  prac.ces  of  the  Catholic  Church.  This  eventually  led  to  many  different  Chris.an  churches  being  formed  in  Western  Europe.    

•  European  na.ons  are  figh.ng  in  Europe  and  the  colonists  bring  their  religious  struggle  with  them  to  the  Americas  

Page 31: Term1 unit2 pt1
Page 32: Term1 unit2 pt1

Coloniza.on,  Compe..on  and  Effects  on  Na.ve  Americans  

 •  The  English,  Dutch  and  the  French  competed  for  land  and  domina.on  of  the  fur  trade.    

•  This  led  to  violent  clashes  between  them  and  their  Indian  allies  (Alliance)  

•  The  Huron  fought  for  the  French  and  the  Iroquois  fought  for  the  Dutch  

•  The  Europeans  encouraged  the  Na.ve  Americans  to  fight  each  other  

•  The  Beaver  popula.on  was  almost  wiped  out  in  New  York  and  parts  of  Canada  

Page 33: Term1 unit2 pt1
Page 34: Term1 unit2 pt1

Effects  on  Na.ve  Americans    

•  European  goods  also  altered  Na.ve  American  life  in  dras.c  ways  

•  Alcohol,  muskets  and  gunpowder  and  copper  ke<les  

•  The  French,  Dutch,  and  English  all  seized  Indian  lands  

•  Forcing  them  to  move  westward  into  the  lands  of  other  Na.ve  Americans  

Page 35: Term1 unit2 pt1
Page 36: Term1 unit2 pt1

       Alcohol  and  the  Fur  Trade  

Page 37: Term1 unit2 pt1
Page 38: Term1 unit2 pt1

Why  did  European  na.ons  se<le  in  North  America?  

Page 39: Term1 unit2 pt1

Religious  compe..on  Economic  compe..on  

Page 40: Term1 unit2 pt1
Page 41: Term1 unit2 pt1

Where  did  European  na.ons  originally  se<le  in  North  America?  

Page 42: Term1 unit2 pt1

New  Netherlands  

Page 43: Term1 unit2 pt1

New  France  and  English  Colonies  

Page 44: Term1 unit2 pt1

From  the  Hudson  Bay  to  the    St.  Lawrence  River  in  Canada  

 The  Hudson  River  in  New  York  and  

all  along  the  East  Coast