TENSES: ACTIVE

VOICEMuhammad Fiji, Jackson, Harisul,

Florensius S

Fakultas Teknik – Teknik Kimia

Universitas Sriwijaya

2012

Present continuous tense

Describes actions or situations in progress at

the moment of speaking.

Often used for activities or situations that are

temporary rather than permanent.

Tobe: Is/am/are

Forms

S + To be + Ving + O + adverb

S + To be + not + Ving + O + adverb

To be + S + Ving + O + adverb?

Examples

Amel is studying in the other room now.

Amel is not studying in the other room now.

Is Amel studying in the other room now?

Adit is taking a heavy load of classes this

semester.

Adis is not taking a heavy load of classes this

semester.

Is Adit taking a heavy load of classes this

semester?

Simple present tense

Often refers to actions or situations that do not

change frequently

Used to describe habits or routines.

Also used to express opinions or to make

general statement of fact.

Forms

S + V1 + O + Adverb

S + (does not/do not) + V1 + O + Adverb

(does/do) + S + V1 + O + Adverb

S + is/am/are + noun/adj/adv

S + is/am/are + not + noun/adj/adv

Is/am/are + S + noun/adj/adv ?

Examples

Fact

Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA lives in Palembang

Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA is a woman.

Routine

Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA usually works six days a week

Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA is always busy on working days.

Opinion

Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA likes Palembang

Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA is strong.

Simple past tense

Describes actions or situations that began and

ended in the past.

Forms

S + V2 + O + adv

S + did not + V1 + O + adv

Did + S + V1 + O + adv?

S + was/were + noun/adj/adv

S + was/were + noun + noun/adj/adv

Was/were + S + noun/adj/adv ?

Examples

Sofendi, Ph.D bought a car in 1998.

Sofendi, Ph.D did not buy a cari in 2008.

Did Sofendi, Ph.D. buy a car in 1998?

Mr. Yunus was in Leeds, England in 1994.

Mr. Yunus was not in Leeds, England in 2008.

Was Mr. Yunus in Leeds, England in 1994 ?

Past continuous tense

Describes actions in progress in the recent

past or at a specific time in the past.

Forms

S + was/were + Ving + O + adv

S + was/were + not + Ving + O + adv

Was/were + S + Ving + O + adv?

Examples

Recent past

Oh! You startled me! I was taking a little nap.

Specific time

Hilda was doing her assignment when her father came last night.

When and while

My mother was cooking in the kitchen while my father was reading

Mrs. Erlina was talking to her daughter when the phone rang yesterday.

Present perfect tense

Describes an event that happened (did not

happen) at an unknown time in the past.

Forms

S + has/have + V3 + O + adv

S + has/have + not + V3 + O + adv

Has/have + S + V3 + O + adv?

Examples

Mr. Governor, Ir. Alex Noerdin, has spoken

english several times since he became a

governor of South Sumatra province

Mr. Governor, Ir. Alex Noerdin, has not spoken

english several times since he became a

governor of South Sumatra province

Has Mr. Governor, Ir. Alex Noerdin, spoken

english several times since he became a

governor of South Sumatra province?

Simple future tense

Going to is often used to express specific

future plans, or intentions.

Going to used when we say what we think will

happen.

Will and be going to indicate inevitability but be

going to is used more frequently than will.

Forms

S + will/shall + V1 + O + adv

S + will/shall + not + V1 + O + adv

Will/shall + S + V1 + O + adv?

S + is/am/are + going to + V1 + O + adv

S + is/am/are + not going to + V1 + O + adv

Is/am/are + S + going to + V1 + O + adv

Examples

Amir: There is a movie television tonight. Are

you going to watch it?

Farel: No, I’m too tired. I’m going to make it an

early night.

Tukul: I hear Warti has won a lot of money.

What is she going to do with it?

Surip: I’ve heard she is going to travel around

the world.

Rina: Look at those black clouds! It is going to

rain.

Exercise – Present continous

tense

Rina is not learning Japanese because

this is an English class. (-)

Rina is learning Japanese because this is an

English class. (+)

Is Rina learning Japanese because this is an

english class?

Novia is studying really hard for her

exams this week. (+) Novia is not studying really hard for her exams this

week. (-)

Is Novia studying really hard for her exams this week?

(?)

Guests are coming to Mr. Slamet Abdullah’s

party right now. (+)

Guests are not coming to Mr. Slamet Abdullah’s

party right now. (-)

Are guests coming to Mr. Slamet Abdullah’s party

right now. (?)

Are students doing anything this semester? (?)

Students are doing anything this semester. (+)

Students are not doing anything this semester(-)

Law students are not studying to become a

dentist at Unsri. (-)

Law students are studying to become a dentist at

Unsri. (+)

Are law students studying to become a dentist at

Unsri? (?)

Exercise - Simple present tense

1. Usually sits, is sitting

2. Is travelling

3. Washes

4. Am trying

5. Do you always lock

6. Is raining

7. Is not going, attends,

usually has

8. Is looking, is writing,

is biting, is

scratching, is

chatting

9. Is, are, are visiting

10. Is reading

Exercise - Simple past tense

Rudi did not come to our class last week (-)

Rudi did come to our class last week (+)

Did rudi come to our class last week?(?)

Miss Helen ate tomatoes yesterday(+)

Miss Helen did not eat tomatoes yesterday(-)

Did miss Helen eat tomatoes yesterday?(?)

Reno was brave three years ago (+)

Reno was not brave three years ago (-)

Was Reno brave three years ago (?)

Did Siska visit her grandmother in lubuk

linggau last semester(?)

Siska visited her grandmother in lubuk linggau

last semester(+)

Siska didn’t visit her grandmother in lubuk linggau

last semester(-)

Tika and Mona went to school yesterday

morning(+)

Tika and Mona didn’t go to school yesterday

morning(-)

Did Tika and Mona go to school yesterday

morning(?)

Exercise – Past continuous

tense

1. Was eating

2. Ate

3. Came, was eating

4. Was sleeping

5. Was sleeping, rang

6. Leaved, was walking, saw

7. Was eating, knocked

8. came, was studying, came

9. Came, while doing

10. Was doing, cooked

11. Was walking

12. Was studying, watched

13. Were you doing

14. Was writing, phoned

15. were

Exercise – Present perfect

tense

1. Have not attended

2. Went

3. Arrived

4. Was

5. Never see

6. Saw

7. Have had

8. Has gave

9. Have not had

10. Already took, took

11. Have sang, sang

12. Has won

13. Has ran

14. Has ate

15. went

Exercise – Simple future tense

1. Is going to

2. Get, will call

3. Watch, am going to

write

4. Am going to wait,

comes

5. Stop, am going to

walk

6. Will come, comes,

will go

7. Comes, will get

8. Ask, will serve

9. Am going to fill, will

mail

10. Am going to visit

Exercise

1. Was

watching

2. Was doing,

washed

3. Went

4. Are playing

5. Was, came

6. Is raining

7. Didn’t get

8. Was

9. Has talked

10. Met

11. Speaks

12. Is coming

13. Is sleeping

14. Takes

15. Don’t like

16. Sees

17. Just came

back

18. Sits, sits

19. Bought

20. Was taking

Questions ?

Thank you.