TENSE

DEFINATION OF TENSE

A TENSE may be defined as that form of a verb which indicates the time and the state of an action or event.

OR

In grammar, an inflected form of a verb indicating the time of a narrated event in relation to the time at which the narrator is speaking.

Time is often perceived as a continuum with three main divisions, past, present, and future, defined in relation to the time when the event is described. Other categories, including mood and aspect, may further specify the action as definite or indefinite, completed or not completed, lasting or non lasting, and recurring or occurring once.

TENSE

Present tense Past tense Future tense

Present

• Indefinite• Continuous• Perfect• Perfect Continuous

Past

• Indefinite• Continuous• Perfect• Perfect Continuous

Future

• Indefinite• Continuous• Perfect• Perfect Continuous

Tense Indefinite Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous

Present He Plays He is playing He has Played He has been Played

Past He played He was playing He had Played He had been Played

Future He will Play He will be playing He will have Played

He will have been Played

Present Tense

PRESENT TENSE

1. Present Indefinite Tense

This tense is generally used to donate ‘ habit, custom, practice, repeated action, permanent activity, general truth ’ etc.

For example :-

He goes to school.

2. Present Continuous

This tense is normally used for an action in progress that is temporary in nature (not for a permanent activity) in the present time of speaking.

For example :-

She is not swimming.she is working on computer.

3. Present perfect

This tense is a mixture of present and past. At the time of speaking the action is already complete in the past. It always implies a strong connection with the present though action took in the past.

For example :-

He has played.

Past Tense

1. PAST INDEFINITE TENSE

This tense is used for a pasthabit, indicated generally by-

‘Often, seldom, normally, usually, occasionally, sometimes, never, always, rarely, used to, would’ etc.

For example :-

I used to go to Delhi by car

2. PAST CONTINUOUS

I. This tense is chiefly used for past action in progress.

II. It is also used for a definite arrangement for future in the past.

For example :- It was still raining when I reached there. He was leaving that night.

3. PAST PERFECT

This is used when out of two action it is necessary to emphasize that the preceding action was completely finished before the succeeding action started.

For example :-

He had finished his work.

Future tense

1. FUTURE INDEFINITE

This tense expresses an action that is to take place in future. For ex: ‘Soon, shortly, in a few moments, tomorrow, presently (soon), next year/month/week ’ etc. indicates future action.

For example :- Ritu will take examination next

month. They will come here shortly.

2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS

I. This tense is used to express an action that will be in progress with a point of time in future.

II. And also used to express the future indefinite tense or definite future arrangement

For example :- She will be waiting for me when I reach her

home. They will be playing a match.

3. FUTURE PERFECT

I. This tense is used when out of two actions it is necessary to emphasize that the preceding action will be completely finished before the succeeding acton starts in future.

II. It is also used to express time expression.

For example :- She will have already prepared food when

I reach home. He will have suffered a lot by now since

his birth.

Thank youNAME : MUKUL

CLASS : X ‘B’

K.V.S SEC-14 GURGAON

SECOND SHIFT