Tennessee SPI Objective:Identify the basic properties of acids and bases.

Check for UnderstandingDetermine whether a substance is an acid or a baseby its reaction to an indicator.

Essential Question(s)What are the basic properties of acids and bases?How can I use indicators to determine if a substanceis an acid or a base?

Notes SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

Instructions1) First click on "View" from the top-menu bar.2) Then click on "Slide Show" from the drop-down menu.3) Then use the right-arrow button on your keyboard to advance through this presentation.

Acids

Acid PropertiesAn acid is any compound that increases the number of positive hydronium ions when dissolved in water.Acids have a sour flavor The sour taste of lemons, limes, and other citrus fruits is a result of citric acid. Acids neutralize bases and bases neutralize acidsAcids conduct electricity and are used in batteries

Notes SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

Acids

Acids Change Colors in Indicators

AcidsNotes SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

Examples of indicators: litmus paper, phenolphthalein, cabbage juice, and/or bromthymol blue see following images

• When acid is added, the color •changes to yellow.

• This flask contains water and an indicator called bromthymol blue.

Notes SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

AcidsLitmus paper- is a common acid/base indicator

blue litmus paper turns red in acids

Fill in the blanks using the following words…red, hydronium, acids, compound, sour,

An acid is any __________that increases the number of _____________ions.Acids have a ______ flavor. _________ neutralize bases.Blue litmus paper turns ______ in acids.

compound

Review Questions

hydronium

sour

Acids

red

SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

Acids

Acids

Acid Properties-ContinuedAcids react with some metals Acids react with some metals to produce hydrogen gas.

Acids conduct electric current Example: found in flashlight batteries and/or car batteries

Example: hydrochloric acid with zinc metal

Notes SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

Acids

Fill in the blanks using the following wordsions, electricity, metals

Acids react with some ________.

_____ are formed during chemical reactions when electrons are lost or gained

Acids conduct _________.

Review Questions

metals

ions

electricity

BONUS QUESTIONHow is an ion different from an atom?

SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

Ions are positive or negative, but atoms have no charge.

Acids

Otherwise, atoms and ions look nearly identical

Acids

pH scale: a way to determine the level of acidity or basicity of a substance. (tells you how strong or weak acids and bases are)

Acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale 7 is neutral (pure water is 7)

8

Acids are 0 to 6.9

NotesSPI 0807.9.12

Acids and Bases The pH scale(pH=power or potential of hydrogen)

Acids

Again…acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale The lower the number…the stronger the acid In other words, an acid with a pH of 1 is stronger than an acid

with a pH of 5

9

pH 1 is stronger than pH 5

Notes SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases More About the pH scale

Reminder: The pH scale can be displayed different ways.

Yet the ranges for acids and bases stays the same

(0 to 6.9 for acids, 7.1 to 14 for bases)

10pH Scale

pH Scale

pH Scale

AcidsNotes SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

Fill in the blanks using the following words0 to 6.9, True, seven, vinegar, pH scale

A __________ tells you how strong or weak an acid or base is.On a pH scale, the range for acids is _______.A neutral substance like pure water has a pH of ______? (True or False): An acid with a pH of 2 is stronger than an acid with a pH of 4. ___________.Which substance has greater acidity, pure water or vinegar? __________.

Review Questions

seven0 to 6.9

pH scale

True

vinegar

SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

Acids

F.Y.I.---How are acids used?Sulfuric acid is (most common) used to make paper, paint, detergents, fertilizers and many other products like batteries

Nitric acid is used to make fertilizers, rubber, and plastics.

Hydrochloric acid is used to separate metal from their ores. It is also used in swimming pools and in your stomach.

Citric acid and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) are found in orange juice, grapefruit juice, and tomatoes.

Carbonic acid and phosphoric acid are in soft drinks.

Notes SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

Acids

Link 01:Universal Indicator

Link 02:Coke can in acid

Link 03:Cheeseburger in Hydrochloric Acid

Video Links SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

Science