Tenant Protection Ordinance

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    OAKLAND ., V - j.^'n?-/ ; : .

    14SEP18 PHM02 - - ^ ' ^

    .

    _ ' . * '

    Approvedas

    to

    Formand

    Legality

    O KL ND

    CITY

    COUNCIL

    D R F T

    City

    Attorney

    ORDINANCE

    No

    C M S

    AN

    ORDINANCE PROHIBITINGVARIOUS HARASSING BEHAVIORS

    BY LANDLORDS AGAINST

    TENANTS

    PROVIDING CIVIL AND

    ADMINISTRATIVE

    REMEDIES FOR

    VIOLATIONS

    BUT DELAYING

    EFFECTIVE

    DATE

    OF

    ADMINISTRATIVE REMEDIES UNTIL

    SUFFICIENT

    FUNDINGAND

    REGULATIONS

    A RE INPLA CE.

    W H E R E A S ,

    The rental housing units

    in

    the CityofOaklandinclude many

    subject to

    rent

    stabilizationand somethatare not; and ,

    W H E R E A S ,

    The

    City

    of

    Oakland

    is interested

    in

    putting

    forthpolicies

    that

    help

    to maintain the

    ability

    of

    people

    inal lincome categories to

    live

    in ourcity;and

    W H E R E A S ,

    There is a

    significant

    demand

    fo r

    rental housing inOaklandleading

    to

    risingrents,

    caused in

    part

    by the

    spillover

    ofincreasinglyexpensive housing

    costs in SanFrancisco,and the increased housing

    pressures

    fo rresidents across a

    rangeoflowerand middle income levels warrants improvedrentstabilizationand

    tenant

    protectionpolicies;and

    W H E R E A S ,

    The cities of

    San Francisco,

    SantaMon ica ,WestH ol lywood ,and

    EastPaloAltohave each passed ordinancesprohibitingvarious forms of

    harassment

    by landlords and their

    agents

    against

    tenants;

    and -

    W H E R E A S ,TheCity

    Co uncil

    findsthatreasonable regulation ofaspectso fthe

    landlord-tenant relationship is necessary in order to foster constructive

    communication,

    maintain anadequatesupply of

    a

    variety

    o frental

    housing

    options, and protect health, safety, and the general welfare

    of

    thepublic;and

    W H E R E A S ,

    This action is exemptfromthe

    Cal i forniaEnvironmental

    Quality

    A ct ( C E Q A )under thefol lowing,each as aseparateand independent basis,

    includingbut not

    limited

    to, thefol lowing:

    C E Q A

    Guidelines Section 15378

    regulatory actions). Section 15061 b) 3) no

    significant

    environmental impact),

    and Section 15183 actions consistent withthe general plan and zoning);

    Now therefore the Council of the City of Oakland

    does

    ordain:

    Section1. That the City Councilhereby

    adopts

    the addition ofSection8.22.600 et

    seq. asA rticleV of Chapter 8.22

    of

    theOaklandMunicipalCode, attached as

    Exhibit

    A hereto, to prohibit various harassing behaviors by landlords against

    tenants.

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    Section2.

    This

    action is exempt

    from

    the

    California

    Environmental

    Quality

    Act

    ( C E Q A )under the following,each as aseparateand independent basis,

    includingbut notlimitedto, the following:C E Q AGuidelineSection 15378

    regulatoryactions).Section 15061 b) 3) no

    significant

    environmental impact),

    EindSection 15183 actions consistentwiththe general plan and zoning).

    Section3. Ifany section, subsection,sentence,clause orphraseo fthis Ordinance

    isfor any reason held to beinvalidor unconstitutional bydecisionofany court of

    competentjurisdiction,suchdecision

    shall

    not affect thevalidityofthe remaining

    portionso fthis Chapter. The

    City Council

    hereby declaresthatitwouldhave

    passed this Ordinance and each section, subsection, clause orphrasethereof

    irrespective

    o fthe factthatone or more other sections, subsections, clauses or

    phrasesmay be declaredinvalidor

    unconstitutional.

    IN C O U N C I L , O A K L A N D , C A L IF O R N I A ,

    P A S S E D

    B Y T H E FO L LO W I N G V O T E :

    V * '

    A Y E S - B R O O K S , G A L L O , G I B S O N M C E L H A N E Y , K A LB , K A P L A N , R E ID , S C H A A Fand

    P R E S I D E N T K E R N I G H A N

    N O E S - ' . '

    A B S E N T

    - ' '

    A B S T E N T I O N

    - .

    \

    ,

    A T T E S T :

    '

    LaTonda

    S i m m o n s

    CityClerl

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    8 22 600 Tenant

    Protection

    Ordinance

    This

    ord inan ce shal l be known a s the Tenant P rotect ion Ordinan ce ( TP O ) .

    8 22 610 FindingsandPurpose

    A.

    Thereisa very s igni f ican t deman dforrental h ous inginO ak land leadingtorising

    rents , caused

    in

    part

    by the spillover

    of

    increasingly expensive hous ing cos ts

    in

    S a n

    F ran c i s co .

    B. RentsinO aklan d increased 1 2%in2012 and 15% in 2013 (S ource: Ea st Ba y

    Express ,

    February 12-18 , 2014, Th e

    R ise

    of the New Land Lords, sourcing

    O a k l a n d Department

    of

    Hous ing and Com mun ity Development). A s noted by

    a

    February 8, 2014 Oakland Tribune art ic le( High prices sen ding B ay Area renters

    and homebuyerstooutly ing commu nities ) , S que ezed by astronomical h ome

    prices and rents

    that

    are almost as unaffordable,a growing numberofB ay Are a

    residents are pull ing up stakes and trading long commutes

    for

    cheaper hous ing.

    C.

    Accord ingtoO akland Departmentof Housing and Community Development

    citing

    to

    Zillow

    R e a l

    Es tateR e s e a rc h , the estimatedrentfor a l l homes

    in

    O a k l a n d

    for June 2014 ($2,124)

    is

    nearly 11% higher than

    that

    for the same month last

    year ($1,918), and rents ha ve r isen every month except for one s ince Janu ary

    2013 (18 months

    total).

    If current patterns persist, the estimated

    rent

    forall

    homes

    in

    June 2015will be $2,386. By compa rison , the est ima ted medianrent

    for a l l O ak land homesforJ u ne 2 012 wa s $ 1 ,818 ,a3 1% i nc re as einonly36

    months.

    D. O n S eptember 12, 2014, the S an Fra nc isco E xaminer reportedthat S a n

    Franc isco and Oakland have the dist inct ion

    of

    having some

    of

    the h ighest rental

    rate increases in the nation for the month of August,

    with

    O ak land 's rents

    increasing 14.4% since last year, according

    to

    data collected by Trulia.

    E . The r is ing market demand

    for

    rental hous ing

    in

    O ak land icreates an incentive

    for

    som e landlordstoengageinharass ing behavior or fai lto make repairsto

    pressure existing tenantsin

    rent

    controlled unitstomove s o

    that

    rents canbe

    ra ised. Existing remedies, such as petit ioning the Rent Adjustment Program

    to

    restore

    a

    rental rate or order repairs,

    or

    employing an attorney

    at

    great co st tofile

    a

    lawsuittoenforce state laworleas e provisions , are ins ufficient deterrentsto

    engaging in the i l legal conduct in the

    first

    place.

    F. The imbalance between supply and demand creates an imbalanc e

    of

    bargaining

    power between landlords and tenants, which has resulted

    in

    many tenan ts ,

    especial ly

    thosenot in

    rent

    controlled units, being unwillingoruna bletoa sser t

    their legal rights, which is detrimental

    to

    the health, safety and general welfare

    of

    O a k l a n d

    because the stabil i ty, security and qualityof housing opportunities are

    reduced.

    G . The Rent Adjustment Program office of the City

    of

    Oakland has conservat ively

    estimated receiving 100to200 complaints ea ch monthfrom tenants claiming

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    Counc i lmember

    Dan Kalb - Tenant Protection Ordinance - 2

    landlord harassment, many of which are completely outside the jurisdiction of the

    Rent

    Adjustment Program.

    H.

    Num erous press articles have reported on the rise of tenant harassm ent

    throughout

    the Bay

    Area.

    I. Data

    from

    organ izations providing serv ices to low-income renters in O ak lan d,

    including East Bay Comm unity Law Center and Cen tre Legal de la

    Raza,

    indicate

    that

    some of their clients live in housing

    with

    habitability problems and

    experience landlord harassment.

    A

    majority

    of Oakland residents are renters. The rental housing units in the City

    of Oakland include many subject to

    rent

    stabilization and some

    that

    are not. The

    cities of San Fran cisco, San taMonica,West Hollywood, and East

    Palo

    Alto have

    each passed ordinances prohibiting various forms of harassment by landlords

    and their agents against tenants.

    K. The City Co uncil of Oakland recognizes

    that

    displacement of tenants is a major

    conce rn and is interested inputting

    forth

    policies

    that

    help to maintain the ability

    of people in all income categories to live in our city. The increased housing

    pressures

    for residents across a range of lower and middle income levels

    warrants improved

    rent

    stabilization a nd tenant p rotection policies. Th e C ity

    Counci l

    finds

    that

    reaso nab le regulation of asp ects of the landlord-tenant

    relationship is nec ess ary in order to foster constructive com mu nication, maintain

    an adequa te supp ly of a variety of rental hous ing options, and protect health,

    safety, and the g enera l welfare of the p ublic.

    L. The purpose of this policy is to deter ha rassing behav ior by landlords, to

    encourage landlords to follow the law and uphold their responsibility to provide

    habitable rental properties, and to give tenants legal recourse in instances where

    they are subjected to harassing behavior by landlords.

    8 22 620 Definitions

    Own er has the sam e meaning as in the Just

    Cause

    for Eviction Ordinance

    (O.M.C.

    8.22.340).

    Owner of

    Record

    has the sam e meaning a s in the Just

    Cause

    for Eviction

    Ordinance (O.M.C.

    8.22.340).

    Rent

    has the s am e meaning as in the Just

    Cause

    for Eviction Ordinance

    (O.M.C.

    8.22.340).

    Rent

    Boa rd has the sam e meaning as in the Just

    Cause

    for Eviction Ordinance

    (O.M.C.

    8.22.340).

    Rental

    Agreem ent has the sa me meaning as in the Just

    Cause

    for Eviction

    Ordinance (O.M.C.

    8.22.340).

    Rental

    Unit has the same mean ing as in the Just

    Cause

    for Eviction Ordinance

    (O.M.C.

    8.22.340).

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    Councilmember

    Dan Kalb

    - Tenant ProtectionOrdinance- 3

    Tenant has the sam e me aning as in the Just

    Cause

    for

    Eviction Ordinan ce

    (O.M.C.

    8.22.340).

    SkilledN ursing Facili ty has the sam e meaning as in the Just

    Cause

    for

    Eviction

    Ordinance (O .M.C.

    8.22.340).

    He alth Facil i ty has the sam e meaning as in the Just

    Cause

    for

    E viction

    Ordinance (O.M.C. 8.22.340).

    8 22 630

    Applicability

    ndExemptions

    A . The T P O shal l applytoall Re ntal Units where thereis aRe ntal Agreement

    between an Owner and one

    or

    more Tenan ts, unless exem pted herein. The application

    of the T P O includes units

    that

    may not be covered under the R ent Adjustment

    Ordinance (O.M.C.

    8.22.100,etseq.) or the Just

    Cause

    forEviction Ordinan ce

    (O.M.C.

    8.22.300,

    et

    seq.)

    B. Exemptions.

    1. Limited exem ptionfor

    nonprofit

    owned rental housing. An y Rental

    Unit ownedby acorporation or organization exempt pursuant to United States

    Internal

    Revenue

    Code

    5 1

    c) 3)

    orany

    successor

    legislation exempting

    charitable organizations

    from

    federal income tax shall have

    a

    limited exem ption

    fromtheT P O and may be subject to administrative enforcement only, andnot

    subject to civil enforcement.

    2.

    Re ntal Unitsinany H ospital, Skil led Nursing Facili ty,orHealth

    Facility.

    3.

    Re ntal Unitsin anonprofitfacility

    that

    has the primary purpos eof

    providing short

    term treatment,assistance,

    or therapyfor

    alcohol,

    drug, or other

    substanceabu se and the hou sing

    is

    provided incident

    to

    the recovery program,

    and where the client has been informed in

    writing

    ofthe tempo rary or tran sitional

    nature of the housing

    at its

    inception an d

    is

    l icensed

    for

    such purpose where

    such licenseisrequired.

    4. Ren tal Units in

    a

    nonprofit facility w hich provides a structured living

    environment that has the primary purpose

    of

    helping hom eless persons o btain

    the skills necessary for independent living

    in

    permanent housing and where

    occupancyisrestrictedto alimited and specific period of time of not m ore than

    twenty-four 24) months and where the client has been informed in writing of the

    temporary or transitional nature of the housingatits incep tion andislicense d for

    such purpose where su ch licenseisrequired. ^

    5. Re ntal Units exem ptedfromPa rt 4, Title 4 , C hap ter 2ofthe

    California Civil Code

    (CCC)by C CC 1940(b) (transient occupancyin

    hotels/motels).

    6. Arental

    unit

    inaresidential property

    that

    isdivided

    into

    amaximum

    of three units, one

    of

    which

    is

    occupied by the owner

    of

    record as his

    or

    her

    principal reside nce for a periodofno

    less

    than twelve (12) m onths. Fo r purp ose s

    of this se ction , thetermowner

    of

    record s hall

    not

    include any person who claims

    ahomeowner's property tax exemption on any other real property inthe Stateof

    California.

    8 22 640

    TenantHarassment

    A. No Owner

    or

    such O wne r's agent, contractor, subcontractor,

    or

    em ployee,

    shalldo any of the following,

    in

    bad faith.

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    Councilmember Dan

    Kalb

    Tenant P rotection Ordinance - 4

    1.

    Interrupt,

    terminate, or fai l to provide housing services required by

    contract or by S tate, Cou nty or mu nicipal hou sing, health or safety law s, or

    threaten to do so;

    2.

    Fail to perform repairs and maintenance required by contract or by

    State,C oun ty or mu nicipal hous ing, health or safety laws, or threaten to do so;

    3.

    Fail

    to exerc ise due di ligence in completing repairs a nd m aintena nc e

    once

    undertaken or fai l to follow appropriate industry repair, containment or

    remediation protocols designed to minimize exposure to noise, dust, lead paint,

    mold, as bes tos, or other bui lding ma terialswith potential ly harmful health

    impacts;

    4 . Ab u s e th e O wne r ' s

    right

    of a c c e s s into a rental housingunita s

    that

    right is provided by law;

    5. R emo ve from the Ren tal Un it personal property, furnishings, or an y

    other items without the prior

    written

    con sen t of the tenant, exc ept when done

    pursuant to the procedure setforth in Civil Codes ect ion 1 980, et se q.

    (disposition of tenant's property after termination of tenancy).

    6. Inf luence or attempt to inf luence a Ten an t to vac ate a Ren tal Unit

    through fraud, intimidation or

    coercion,

    which shall include threatening to report a

    Tenant to U .S . Immigration and Cu stoms E nforcement , though

    that

    prohibition

    shal l not be construed a s preventing comm un icat ionwith U.S . Immigrat ion an d

    Customs E nforcemen t regarding an al leged violat ion;

    7. M ore than on ce in s ix (6) months offer paymen ts to a Ten an t to

    vacate

    after the Tenant has notified the Owner in writing the Tenant no longer

    wishes to receive further offers of payments to vacate;

    8. Attempt to coe rce a Ten an t to vaca tewith offer(s) of payments to

    vacate which are accompanied

    with

    threa ts or intimidation;

    9. Th reaten the tenan t, by word or gestu re,with phys ical harm;

    10.

    S ubs tan tial ly an d directly interfere

    with

    a T e nant 's

    right

    to quiet use

    an d enjoyment of a rental h ousing

    unit

    a s

    that right

    is defined by California law;

    11.

    Refuse to ac cept or ac kn owledge receipt of a Ten an t 's lawful rent

    payment, except as such refusal may be permitted by state law after a notice to

    quit h as been served on the T enan t an d the t ime period for performan ce

    pursuant to the notice has expired;

    12.

    Refuse

    to c a s h a rent check for over 30 days, except as su ch refusal

    may be permitted by state law after a notice to quit ha s been s erved on the

    Tena nt a nd the t ime period for performan ce pursuan t to the n ot ice has expired;

    13.

    Interfere with

    a Tena nt 's

    right

    to privacy;

    14. R equ est informa tionthatv iolates a tenan t 'sright to privacy, including

    but not l imited to residen ce or citizens hip status or

    soc ia l

    sec urity num ber, except

    a s

    required by law or, in the

    c a s e

    of a social security number, for the purpose of

    obtaining information for the qualifications for a tenancy, but in any event, not

    release such information except as required or authorized by law;

    15.

    O ther repeated acts or omiss ions of su ch s igni f ica nc e as to

    substantially interferewith or disturb the com fort, repos e, pea ce or quiet of an y

    person lawfully entit led to occupancy of such dwell ing

    unit

    a nd

    that

    c a u s e , are

    likely to c a u s e , or are intended to cause any person lawfully entit led to

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    Councilmember Dan

    Kalb- Tenant P rotection O rdinance - 5

    oc c upa n c y of a dwell ingunitto va ca te such dw el lingunitor to surrender or wa ive

    any r ights in relat ion to such occupancy;

    1 6. R emoving a housing service for the purpose of ca us ing the Tena nt to

    vacate

    the Ren tal Un it . For

    example,

    taking away a parking space knowingthat

    a T e nant canno tfind alternative parking and must move.

    B. Retal iat ion P rohibited. Retal iat ion aga inst a Ten an t bec a us e of the

    Ten an t 's exercise of rights under the

    T P O

    is prohibited. R etaliation claim s may only be

    brought in court and may not be a ddres se d adm inistratively. A court may con sider the

    protections afforded by the T P O in evaluating a claim of retaliation.

    C. E vict ions . N othing in the T P O sha l l be cons trued as to prevent an O wn er

    from lawfully evict ing a Tena nt pursuant to state law or Oa klan d's Jus t

    C a u s e

    for

    Ev ic t ion Ordinance.

    ( O . M. C .

    8.22.300, et seq.).

    D. Ren t Adjustments. Nothing in the T P O sh al l be cons trued as to prevent

    a n O w n e rfrom lawfully increas ing a Tena nt 'srent pursuant to state law or Oakland's

    R e n t Adjus tment O rd ina nce

    ( O . M. C .

    8.22.100, et seq.) .

    E . Not ice to Ten an ts .

    1 . C o mme nce me nt .

    a . For Rental Units covered by the R ent Adjustment O rdinan ce the N otice

    at Com men cemen t o f Tena nc y required by O . M . C . 8.22.06 sha l l include a

    reference to the T P O .

    b. For al l Rental Units that are not covered by the Rent Adjustment

    Ordinance,O wn ers are required to provide a not ice regarding the T P O to

    al l Tenants in a formpresc ribed by the Citystaff.

    c. Failure to provide the notice to tenants required by this subsection may

    subject the Owner to an administrative citation or civi l penalty as set out in

    8.22.550B.

    2 Com mo n are a . If Ren tal Un its are located in a bui ldingwith an interior

    co mmo n a rea

    that

    al l of the bui lding's T ena nts ha ve

    a c c e s s

    to, the Owner must

    post a not ice in at least one su ch com mon area in the bui lding via aform

    prescribed by the Citystaff.

    8 22 650

    GeneralRemedies

    A . Violat ions of the T P O .

    1. V iolations of the

    T P O .

    V iolat ions of 8.22.640 m ay be enforced

    adm inistratively or by civi l remed ies as setforth in this section or as otherwise

    specifically

    set out in this O . M . C Article. Before a private party mayfilea n

    adm inistrative c omplaint or a civil suit al leging a violation of

    8.22.640.A.2. ,

    10.,

    11. , or 12., an affected Tenant mustfirst notify the O wner or his or her design ed

    agent in writing regarding the problem. If the problem is not correctedwithin 15

    calendar days of issuing the notice, a private party may

    file

    a complaint or suit.

    2.

    In add ition to the rem edies provided in the

    T P O ,

    a violator is liable

    for suc h costs ,expenses, and disbursements paid or incurred by the City in

    aba tement and prosecution of the violat ion.

    3. The remedies ava i lable in the T P O are not exclus ive an d may be

    used cumulativelywith any other remedies in this chapter or at law.

    B. G en er a lAdm inistrative Rem edies.

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    C o u n c i lme mb e r D a n Ka lb - Te n a n t P r o te c t io n Or d in a n ce - 6

    1. Adm inistrat ive Citat ion. An yon e who violates 8.22.640.A. or E may

    be issued an administrative citation. Administrative citations shall be issued in

    a c c or da n c ewith O .M .C Ch apter 1.12 (Administrat ive Cita t ions ), exceptthat the

    cumulat ive annual

    limit

    sha l l be on a per

    unit

    ba sis rather than on a per indiv idual

    parcel

    or separate structure basis.

    2. Administrative A ssessmen t of

    Civil

    P enal ties .Any o ne wh o s e

    violat ion of 8.22.640.A. or E. resul ts in a Ten an t vaca t ing her/his R enta l Unit or

    wh o violates the T P O after receiving three or more adm inistrative citations for

    T P O violations occurring during the preceding two year period may be

    administratively a s s e s s e d a civi l penalty. C ivil pena lties for violations are

    a s s e s s e d i n acc o rd ance

    with

    O.M.C Chapter 1.08 (Administrat ive A s s e s s m e n t of

    Civil

    P ena lties) a s a m ajor v iolat ion under

    that

    Ch apter 1.08, except

    that

    the

    cumulative l imits shall be on a perunit basis rather than on per individual parcel

    or separate structure basis.

    3.

    T h e City Administrator sha l l designa te

    staff

    authorized to issue

    administrative citation and civi l penalties under the

    T P O .

    4 . E a c h and every day or any portion of a day during which a violation

    of an y provision of this ch apter is comm itted, con tinued , or permitted is a

    sepa rate violat ion and sh al l be punisha ble acc ordingly. S epa rate acts or

    omiss ionsthat v iolate the T P O are separate v iolat ions an d sh al l be pun ishable

    accordingly.

    5. Ap pea l of Administrat ive Citat ion or Civi l P ena lty.

    a . A party wh o ha s received an Adm inistrative Citation or Civil

    Penal ty may ap p e a lthat action to a hearing officer designated by the City

    Administrator.

    b. Th e ap pea l must be f iled

    with

    twenty-one (21) daysfrom the

    date of service of the Adm inistrative Citation or Civil P ena lty. T he da te of

    service is the da te of delivery if perso na lly served or five (5) da ys a fter the

    date of m ail ing if s ervice is by ma il.

    c . Th e decis ion of the Hea ring O ff icer sh al l be the f inal decis ion

    of the City. Anyfurther review must be bywrit of administrative

    ma nda mus to the S uperior Court

    6. P rivate parties ma yfile an administrative complaint al leging a violation of

    the T P O no later than 180 days after the complaina nt kn ew or reas ona bly shou ld

    ha ve known of the underlying conduc t.

    C. G eneral C iv il R emed ies .

    1. E nforcem ent by Aggrieved P art ies. An aggrieved party ma y bring a

    civil action for injunctive relief or

    da ma g es ,

    or both, for any violation of 8.22.540.

    A n aggrieved party may also request

    that

    an administrative citation or civi l

    penalty be issued by the City.

    2. E nforcem ent by City Attorney. Th e City Attorney may enforce the

    T P O through civil action for injunctive relief orda ma g es , or both, for when the

    party against whom enforcement is sought has a pattern and practice of violating

    th e T P O . Th e City Attorney ma y also request

    that

    an administrative citation or

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    civi l pena lty be issu ed by the City. Th e City Attorney ha s the s ole discretion to

    determine the c a s e s appropriate for enforcement by the City Attorney's Office.

    D. Treble and E xemplary D am ages.

    1. An y person who violates, aids , or incites an other perso n to violate

    8.22.640.A or E. is l iable in a court action for ea c h and every such offense for

    money damages of not less than three t imes actual damages suffered by an

    agg rieved party (including da m a ges for men tal or em otional distres s), or for

    minimum damages in the sum of one thousand dol lars, whichever is greater, and

    whatever other relief the court deems appropriate. In the c a s e of an award of

    da ma g es for mental or emotional distress, said award shall only be trebled if the

    trierof fact findsthat the Owner acted in knowing violation of or in reckless

    disregard of the T P O .

    2. A court may awa rd punitive dam ages in a proper c a s e as set out in

    Civil Code sect ion 3294 and pursuant to the standards set

    forth

    inthatC o d e

    Sect ion

    or any

    s u c c e s s o r

    thereto, but may not awardbothpuni tive da ma ges and

    treble damages.

    E . Civi l R em edies Inappl icable to Nonprofit O wn ed R ental Un its . Th e civi l

    remedies provided for in this subsection are not applicable to Rental Units owned by a

    corporat ion or organizat ion exempt pursuant to Un ited S tates

    Internal

    R e v e nu e C o d e

    501

    (c)(3)

    or an y s u c c e s s o r legislation exempting charitable organizationsfrom federal

    income tax.

    F. Injunctive Rel ief Any person who commits an act, proposes to commit an

    act , or enga ges in a nypatterna nd pract ice wh ich v iolates the T P O may be enjoined

    therefrom by any court of competent jurisdiction. An action for injunction under this

    subsection may be brought by any aggrieved person, by the City Attorney (for a pattern

    an d prac t ice only), or by any person orentityw h owill fairly and adequately represent

    the interest of the protected c lass.

    G . Attorney's Fees a n d Costs

    1. Ac tion by City Attorney. In an y adm inistrative, civi l, or sp ec ial

    proceeding brought pursuant to the

    T P O ,

    the City may, at the

    initiation

    of the

    proceeding, s eek an awa rd of attorney's fees. I f the C ity seek s an awa rd of

    attorney's fees, the award shall be made to the prevail ing party. Provided

    however,that no award may be made to a prevail ing partythat exceed s the

    amount of reasonable attorney's fees incurred by the City in the action or

    proceeding.

    Cou rt cos ts ma y be aw arded to a prevailing party pursu an t to state

    law.

    2.

    Ac tion by P rivate P arty. In an y civil ac tion brought pursu an t to the

    T P O . ,

    the prevail ing Tenant is entit led to recover the Tenant's reasonable

    attorney's fees . A defendant O wner may recover reas on able attorney's fees if

    the com plaint brought by the T ena nt wa s devoid ofmerit and brought in bad faith.

    Court costs may be awarded to a prevail ing party pursuant to state law.

    3.

    Costs

    of Investigation. In the event the C ity Attorney brings an

    administrative, civi l , or special proceeding pursuant to the T P O , the City Attorney

    may recover its costs of investigation.

    8 22 660Miscellaneous

    A . Regulat ions and Forms. Th e Rent Board ha s theauthority to mak e such

    regulations to implement this O . M . C . 8 . 2 2 Art ic le V a s are not incons istentwiththe

    T P O .

    Within 90 days of the effective date of the

    T P O ,

    the City Administrator or his or her

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    designee

    s ha l l develop forms to implement this sec t ion . An y ch an ges to theinitial forms

    sha l lbe effectivethirty (30) days after they are made available to the public at the Rent

    Adjustment Program off ices, unless the Rent Adjustment Program makes a f inding

    that

    a n

    earlier effective date is

    necessa ry.

    Al l Forms required by the T P O sha l l include

    tran slat ions in all group langu ages , as speci f ied for Tier

    required translations in

    O . M . C

    Ch apter 2.30.

    B.

    N on- wa iverabil ity. An y provision, wh ether oral or

    written,

    in or pertaining to

    a rental agreement whereby any provision of the

    T P O

    is wa ived or modified, is aga inst

    public policy and void.

    C.

    Implementation Da te. T he adm inistrative remed ies provided in

    subsect ion

    O . M. C . 8.22.650B sha l l not be implementeduntilfunding and staff ing

    sufficient to implement these remedies is in place. The City Administrator, or his or her

    designee, s ha l l condu ct a fee ana lysis an d develop an implementation plan regarding

    the administrative remedies program of the T P O and shall present them to the City

    Counc i l

    for approval no later than M arch 31 , 201 5. R equirements related to City-

    provided notices shall not take effectuntilsuch n ot ices are ava i lable to the pu bl ic a nd

    effective.