Telugu Vrna mala

Telugu Alphabet

Telugu Learning Kit

Module 1

≥Å∞QÆ∞ =~°‚=∂Å

C P Brown AcademyThe Alpha Foundation

Hyderabad

Telugu Alphabet Learning Kit Module-1

Transliterator: G Ramesh Babu

Managing Editor: GRK Murty

Consulting Editor: SS Prabhakar Rao

Editorial Support:

C Rama Devi, Y Anand

T Rajendra Prasad

Chief Visualizer: A Bangaru Babu

Visualizer: S Ganesh

Illustrations: B Anjaneyulu

@ 2008 C.P. Brown Academy. All Rights Reserved.

Although every care has been taken to avoid errors and omissions, this publication is being sold on

the condition and understanding that the information given in this book is merely for reference and

must not be taken as having authority of or binding in any way on the authors, editor, publisher or

sellers.

Neither this book nor any part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,

electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming and recording or by any information

storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the copyright holder.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are

used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Only the publishers can export this book from India. Infringement of this condition of sale will lead to

civil and criminal prosecution.

First Edition: 2008

Printed in India

Published by

C P Brown Academy

The Alpha Foundation

8, Dwarakapuri Colony, Punjagutta

Hyderabad - 500 082, India.

Website: www.alphacharities.org

Printed at:

M/s. ICIT Software Centre Private Ltd.

1, Technocrat Industrial Estate

Balanagar Cross Roads

Hyderabad-500 037, India.

Foreword

The Module-1, “Telugu Varnamala”, is intended to help the Telugu

speakers, who cannot read/write Telugu, to pick up a reasonable level of

linguistic competence, through Roman script. The symbols used in this

book are intended to facilitate the transliteration template of the vowels,

consonants, gunintamulu and the vowel-consonant clusters, i.e., vottulu.

The relationship of the Roman character with the Telugu letter and its

pronunciation have been clearly explained with examples to aid phonetics.

For instance, the symbol ‘a’ stands for the Telugu letter ‘J’ that sounds

like ‘o’ as in the word ‘come’. Let us take another example. The symbol

‘c’ stands for the Telugu letter ‘K«’ that sounds like ‘ch’ as in the word

‘church’. The Module-1 is thus quite self-explanatory and is certain to

help those who desire to learn Telugu through the medium of English.

The workbook provided along with it is scientifically designed for practice

to help the learners pickup reading and writing of Telugu, satisfactorily.

We know that some of the alphabet and their sounds are difficult to

pronounce and quite a few are not in popular use. They do not even matter

in the acquisition of linguistic skills. However, we have included all the

Telugu letters irrespective of their usage in order to introduce them all to

the learners.

Enjoy!

SS Prabhakar Rao

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Vowels (JK«∞ÛÅ∞: Acculu)

≥Å∞QÆ∞ =~°‚=∂ÅTELUGU ALPHABET

J*a

comeP

–

farW D

L T |∞∞ |∞∂

Z U B

SX F

JóJO

i i

bit feel

u

wood

u

cool

ru

rusi root

.

.lu

–a

– ru.–

.lu– e e–

get stake mite

ai

oatrotate out

halfsome

oo au

am ah

–

..

look loop

* ‘a’ stands for ‘J’ and sounds like ‘o’ as in ‘come’. The same pattern applies to all other vowels.

..

4

Consonants (ÇÏÅ∞¡Å∞ : Hallulu)

36 Characters

*k

silk

kh

khaki

g

go

gh

ghost

n

prajna

c

church

ch

witch

j

jug

t

take

th

nilakantha

d

bird

dh

asadha

n

prana

t

tabala

th

thumb

d

though

dh

dhoti

n

nature

Hõ Y QÆ Ñ¶¨∞ V- .

.

. . . . .

. . .- - .

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K« Kè« [

@ ~î° _» _è»

`« ^äŒ ^Œ ^èŒ #* ‘k’ stands for ‘Hõ’ and sounds like ‘k’ as in ‘silk’. The same pattern applies to all other consonants.

.c

.capaK«

.j

.jabili[

ÎÎ- -

jh

jhansi

n

sanjna

~

~-~°≠ &

- - .

5

y

young

r

rust

l

lump

l

kalimata

v

levy

s

sastry

s

ship

s

sun

h

home

ksh

raksha

r

error

- --.

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Ü«∞ ~° à◊.Å

= â◊ +¨ ã¨

Ç¨Ï Hõ∆ é

p

cup

ph

phone

b

bat

bh

bharat

m

monthÑ¨ Ñ¶¨ | Éèí =∞

-

Semi-Vowels or Semi-Consonants

(((((LÉèíÜ«∂Hõ∆~åÅ∞::::: Ubhayaksharalu)

(ã∞#fl = O – Sunna) (J~°ã∞#fl = ñ – Arasunna) (qã~°æ = ó - Visarga)

Note: Five Telugu characters are not in general use.

They are K« [

– –

Í Í|∞∂

.lu .lu- .c .j ru-.6

´

´

a

come far

a–

i

bit feel

i–

wood

u

How to write Vowels?JK«∞ÛÅ∞ U q èŒOQÍ „"åÜ«∂e?

u–

cool

ru.

rusi

root

ru

.

.–

.

7

e

get

ai

mite

e

stake

-

o

rotate

o

oat

- au

out

some

am

half

ah.

.

8

k

silk

kh

khaki

gh

ghost

g

go

n

prajna

.

c

church

ch

witch

j

jug

jh

jhansi

sanjna

n~

How to write Consonants?

ÇÏÅ∞¡Å∞ U q èŒOQÍ „"åÜ«∂e?

.

–

–

~

9

t

take

th

nilakantha

. .

d

bird

. dh

asadha

n

prana

.

–

t

tabala

th

thumb

d

though

dh

dhoti

n

nature

.

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–

–

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10

p

cup

ph

phone

b

bat

bh

bharat

m

month

young

y r

rust

l

lump

l

kalimata

.

–

v

levy

s

sastry

–

.

–

–

11

´

´

s

s

sun

h

home

ksh

raksha

r

error

ship

.

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12

Symbols of GunintamuluTelugu Letter Roman Character Symbol How to write

J a

P a

W i

D i

L u

T u

|∞∞ ru

|∞∂ ru

Z e

U e

S ai

X o

F o

B au

JO am

Jó ah

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QÆ∞O «=ÚÅ∞ (Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu)

.

Consonant + Vowel = Composite Letter

'Hõ— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ka-Gunintamu)


'Y— QÆ∞O «=Ú (kha-Gunintamu). .

H± J ´ Hõ – ka

Hõ P ´ HÍ – ka

Hõ W ´ H˜ – ki

Hõ D ´ H© – ki

Hõ L ´ ‰õΩ – ku

Hõ T ´ ‰õÄ – ku

Hõ |∞∞ ´ Hõ$ – kru

Hõ |∞∂ ´ Hõ$Ï – kru

Hõ Z ´ ÔH – ke

Hõ U ´ ˆH – ke

Hõ S ´ ÔH· – kai

Hõ X ´ H˘ – ko

Hõ F ´ HÀ – ko

Hõ B ´ H“ – kau

Hõ JO ´ HõO – kam

Hõ Jó ´ Hõó – kah

.

–

–

–

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–

–

Mò J ´ Y – kha

Y P ´ MÏ – kha

Y W ´ d – khi

Y D ´ v – khi

Y L ´ Y∞ – khu

Y T ´ Y∂ – khu

Y |∞∞ ´ Y$ – khru

Y |∞∂ ´ Y$Ï – khru

Y Z ´ M – khe

Y U ´ MË – khe

Y S ´ M· – khai

Y X ´ MÁ – kho

Y F ´ M’ – kho

Y B ´ M∫ – khau

Y JO ´ YO – kham

Y Jó ´ Yó – khah

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14

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'QÆ— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ga-Gunintamu)


'Ñ¶∞— QÆ∞O «=Ú (gha-Gunintamu)

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Q∑ J ´ QÆ – ga

QÆ P ´ QÍ – ga

QÆ W ´ y – gi

QÆ D ´ w – gi

QÆ L ´ QÆ∞ – gu

QÆ T ´ QÆ∂ – gu

QÆ |∞∞ ´ QÆ$ – gru

QÆ |∞∂ ´ QÆ$Ï – gru

QÆ Z ´ ÔQ – ge

QÆ U ´ ˆQ – ge

QÆ S ´ ÔQ·· – gai

QÆ X ´ Q˘ – go

QÆ F ´ QÀ – go

QÆ B ´ Q“ – gau

QÆ JO ´ QÆO – gam

QÆ Jó ´ QÆó – gah

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Ñ¶π∞ J ´ Ñ¶¨∞ – gha

Ñ¶∞ P ´ Ñ¶∂ – gha

Ñ¶∞ W ´ Ñ¶≤∞ – ghi

Ñ¶∞ D ´ Ñ¶‘∞ – ghi

Ñ¶∞ L ´ Ñ¶Ú – ghu

Ñ¶∞ T ´ Ñ¶¨ – ghu

Ñ¶∞ |∞∞ ´ Ñ¶∞$ – ghru

Ñ¶∞ |∞∂ ´ Ñ¶∞$Ï – ghru

Ñ¶∞ Z ´ ÃÑ¶∞ – ghe

Ñ¶∞ U ´ ¿Ñ¶∞ – ghe

Ñ¶∞ S ´ ÃÑ¶∞ÿ – ghai

Ñ¶∞ X ´ Ñ¶∞Á – gho

Ñ¶∞ F ´ Ñ¶∞’ – gho

Ñ¶∞ B ´ Ñ¶∞ø – ghau

Ñ¶∞ JO ´ Ñ¶∞O – gham

Ñ¶∞ Jó ´ Ñ¶∞ó – ghah

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Consonant + Vowel = Composite Letter Consonant + Vowel = Composite Letter

.'Kè«— QÆ∞O «=Ú (cha-Gunintamu)'K«— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ca-Gunintamu)

.

Kü J ´ K« – ca

K« P ´ Kå – ca

K« W ´ z – ci

K« D ´ p – ci

K« L ´ K«∞ – cu

K« T ´ K«∂ – cu

K« |∞∞ ´ K«$ – cru

K« |∞∂ ´ K«$Ï – cru

K« Z ´ K≥ – ce

K« U ´ KÕ – ce

K« S ´ K≥· – cai

K« X ´ K˘ – co

K« F ´ KÀ – co

K« B ´ KÒ – cau

K« JO ´ K«O – cam

K« Jó ´ K«ó – cah

–

–

–

–

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–

Kèü J ´ Kè« – cha

Kè« P ´ Kèå – cha

Kè« W ´ zè – chi

Kè« D ´ pè – chi

Kè« L ´ Kè«∞ – chu

Kè« T ´ Kè«∂ – chu

Kè« |∞∞ ´ Kè««$ – chru

Kè« |∞∂ ´ Kè««$Ï – chru

Kè« Z ´ Kè≥ – che

Kè« U ´ KèÕ – che

Kè« S ´ Kè≥· – chai

Kè« X ´ Kè – cho

Kè« F ´ KèÀ – cho

Kè« B ´ KèÒ – chau

Kè« JO ´ Kè«O – cham

Kè« Jó ´ Kè«ó – chah.

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Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu).

.


.'~°≠— QÆ∞O «=Ú (jha Gunintamu)'[— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ja Gunintamu)


*ò J ´ [ – ja

[ P ´ *Ï – ja

[ W ´ l – ji

[ D ´ r – ji

[ L ´ A – ju

[ T ´ E – ju

[ |∞∞ ´ [$ – jru

[ |∞∂ ´ [$Ï – jru

[ Z ´ *ˇ – je

[ U ´ *Ë – je

[ S ´ *·· – jai

[ X ´ *Á – jo

[ F ´ *’ – jo

[ B ´ *∫ – jau

[ JO ´ [O – jam

[ Jó ´ [ó – jah.

–

–

–

–

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.

–

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~ü≠ J ´ ~°≠ – jha

~°≠ P ´ ~°≠Ï – jha

~°≠ W ´ i≠ – jhi

~°≠ D ´ s≠ – jhi

~°≠ L ´ ~°≠∞ – jhu

~°≠ T ´ ~°≠∂– jhu

~°≠ |∞∞ ´ ~°≠$ – jhru

~°≠ |∞∂ ´ ~°≠$Ï– jhru

~°≠ Z ´ Ô~≠ – jhe

~°≠ U ´ ˆ~≠ – jhe

~°≠ S ´ Ô~≠ÿ – jhai

~°≠ X ´ Ô~≠∞ – jho

~°≠ F ´ Ô~≠Ï – jho

~°≠ B ´ ~°≠ø – jhau

~°≠ JO ´ ~°≠O– jham

~°≠ Jó ´ ~°≠ó – jhah

.

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'@— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ta-Gunintamu)


'~î°— QÆ∞˜O «=Ú (tha-Gunintamu)

.

.. .

\ò J ´ @ – ta

@ P ´ \Ï – ta

@ W ´ \ – ti

@ D ´ \© – ti

@ L ´ @∞ – tu

@ T ´ @∂ – tu

@ |∞∞ ´ @$ – tru

@ |∞∂ ´ @$Ï – tru

@ Z ´ > – te

@ U ´ >Ë – te

@ S ´ >ÿ – tai

@ X ´ \Á – to

@ F ´ \’ – to

@ B ´ \∫ – tau

@ JO ´ @O – tam

@ Jó ´ @ó – tah

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~îü J ´ ~î° – tha

~î° P ´ ~îå – tha

~î° W ´ iî – thi

~î° D ´ sî – thi

~î° L ´ ~î°∞ – thu

~î° T ´ ~î°∂ – thu

~î° |∞∞ ´ ~î°$ – thru

~î° |∞∂ ´ ~î°$Ï – thru

~î° Z ´ Ô~î – the

~î° U ´ ~î – the

~î° S ´ Ô~î· – thai

~î° X ´ ~î – tho

~î° F ´ ~îÀ – tho

~î° B ´ ~î“ – thau

~î° JO ´ ~î°O – tham

~î° Jó ´ ~î°ó – thah

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'_»— QÆ∞O «=Ú (da-Gunintamu)


'_è»— QÆ∞O «=Ú (dha-Gunintamu)

.

...

_£ J ´ _» – da

_» P ´ _® – da

_» W ´ _ç – di

_» D ´ _ô – di

_» L ´ _»∞ – du

_» T ´ _»∂ – du

_» |∞∞ ´ _»$ – dru

_» |∞∂ ´ _»$Ï – dru

_» Z ´ _≥ˇ – de

_» U ´ _Õ – de

_» S ´ _≥ÿ – dai

_» X ´ _˘ – do

_» F ´ _À – do

_» B ´ _Ò – dau

_» JO ´ _»O – dam

_» Jó ´ _»ó – dah

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_è£ J ´ _è» – dha

_è» P ´ _è® – dha

_è» W ´ _èç – dhi

_è» D ´ _èô – dhi

_è» L ´ _è»∞ – dhu

_è» T ´ _è»∂ – dhu

_è» |∞∞ ´ _è»$ – dhru

_è» |∞∂ ´ _è»$Ï – dhru

_è» Z ´ _è≥ – dhe

_è» U ´ _èÕ – dhe

_è» S ´ _è≥· – dhai

_è» X ´ _è – dho

_è» F ´ _èÀ – dho

_è» B ´ _èÒ – dhau

_è» JO ´ _è»O – dham

_è» Jó ´ _è»ó – dhah

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19

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'— QÆ∞O «=Ú (na-Gunintamu)


' «— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ta-Gunintamu)

.

..

ü J ´ – na

P ´ Ï – na

W ´ ˜ – ni

D ´ © – ni

L ´ ∞ – nu

T ´ ∂ – nu

|∞∞ ´ $ – nru

|∞∂ ´ $Ï – nru

Z ´ ˇ – ne

U ´ Ë – ne

S ´ ÿÿ – nai

X ´ ˘ – no

F ´ À – no

B ´ ∫ – nau

JO ´ O – nam

Jó ´ ó – nah

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.`ü J ´ `« – ta

« P ´ `å – ta

« W ´ u – ti

« D ´ f – ti

« L ´ «∞ – tu

« T ´ «∂ – tu

« |∞∞ ´ «$ – tru

« |∞∂ ´ «$Ï – tru

« Z ´ ≥ – te

« U ´ Õ – te

« S ´ ≥·· – tai

« X ´ `˘ – to

« F ´ `À – to

« B ´ `Ò – tau

« JO ´ «O – tam

« Jó ´ `«ó – tah

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20



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.' Œ— QÆ∞O «=Ú (da-Gunintamu)' äŒ— QÆ∞O «=Ú (tha-Gunintamu)


ä£ J ´ äŒ – tha

äŒ P ´ ä• – tha

äŒ W ´ kä – thi

äŒ D ´ nä – thi

äŒ L ´ äŒ∞ – thu

äŒ T ´ äŒ∂ – thu

äŒ |∞∞ ´ äŒ$ – thru

äŒ |∞∂ ´ äŒ$Ï – thru

äŒ Z ´ ä≥ – the

äŒ U ´ äÕË – the

äŒ S ´ ä≥· – thai

äŒ X ´ ä – tho

äŒ F ´ ^äÀ – tho

äŒ B ´ ^äÒ – thau

äŒ JO ´ äŒO – tham

äŒ Jó ´ äŒó – thah.

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–

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£ J ´ Œ – da

Œ P ´ ^• – da

Œ W ´ k – di

Œ D ´ n – di

Œ L ´ Œ∞ – du

Œ T ´ Œ∂ – du

Œ |∞∞ ´ Œ$ – dru

Œ |∞∂ ´ Œ$Ï – dru

Œ Z ´ ^≥ – de

Œ U ´ ^Õ – de

Œ S ´ ≥· – dai

Œ X ´ ˘ – do

Œ F ´ ^À – do

Œ B ´ ^Ò – dau

Œ JO ´ ŒO – dam

Œ Jó ´ Œó – dah

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21



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.'#— QÆ∞O «=Ú (na-Gunintamu)' èŒŒ— QÆ∞˜O «=Ú (dha-Gunintamu)


è£ J ´ èŒ – dha

èŒ P ´ è• – dha

èŒ W ´ kè – dhi

èŒ D ´ nè – dhi

èŒŒ L ´ èŒ∞ – dhu

èŒ T ´ èŒ∂ – dhu

èŒŒ |∞∞ ´ èŒ$ – dhru

èŒŒ |∞∂ ´ èŒŒ$Ï – dhru

èŒ Z ´ è≥≥ – dhe

èŒ U ´ èÕ – dhe

èŒ S ´ è≥· – dhai

èŒ X ´ è – dho

èŒ F ´ ^èÀ – dho

èŒ B ´ ^èÒ – dhau

èŒŒ JO ´ èŒO – dham

èŒ Jó ´ èŒŒó – dhah.

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<£ J ´ # – na

# P ´ <å – na

# W ´ x – ni

# D ´ h – ni

# L ´ #∞ – nu

# T ´ #∂ – nu

# |∞∞ ´ #$ – nru

# |∞∂ ´ #$Ï – nru

# Z ´ <≥ – ne

# U ´ <ÕÕ – ne

# S ´ <≥· – nai

# X ´ <˘ – no

# F ´ <À – no

# B ´ <Ò – nau

# JO ´ #O – nam

# Jó ´ #ó – nah

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22



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.'Ñ¶— QÆ∞O «=Ú (pha-Gunintamu)'Ñ— QÆ∞O «=Ú (pa-Gunintamu)


Ñπ J ´ Ñ¨ – pa

Ñ P ´ áê – pa

Ñ W ´ Ñ≤ – pi

Ñ D ´ Ñ‘ – pi

Ñ L ´ ÑÙ – pu

Ñ T ´ ÑÓ – pu

Ñ |∞∞ ´ Ñ$ – pru

Ñ |∞∂ ´ Ñ$Ï – pru

Ñ Z ´ ÃÑ – pe

Ñ U ´ ¿Ñ – pe

Ñ S ´ ÃÑ· – pai

Ñ X ´ á⁄ – po

Ñ F ´ áÈ – po

Ñ B ´ áœ – pau

Ñ JO ´ ÑO – pam

Ñ Jó ´ Ñó – pah.

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Ñ¶π J ´ Ñ¶¨ – pha

Ñ¶¨ P ´ á¶ê – pha

Ñ¶¨ W ´ Ñ¶≤ – phi

Ñ¶¨ D ´ Ñ¶‘ – phi

Ñ¶¨ L ´ Ñ¶Ù – phu

Ñ¶¨ T ´ Ñ¶Ó – phu

Ñ¶¨ |∞∞ ´ Ñ¶$ – phru

Ñ¶¨ |∞∂ ´ Ñ¶$Ï – phru

Ñ¶¨ Z ´ ÃÑ¶ – phe

Ñ¶¨ U ´ ¿Ñ¶ – phe

Ñ¶¨ S ´ ÃÑ¶· – phai

Ñ¶¨ X ´ á¶⁄ – pho

Ñ¶¨ F ´ á¶È – pho

Ñ¶¨ B ´ á¶œ – phau

Ñ¶¨ JO ´ Ñ¶O – pham

Ñ¶¨ Jó ´ Ñ¶ó – phah

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23



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.'Ü«∞— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ya-Gunintamu)'=∞— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ma-Gunintamu)


"£∞ J ´ =∞ – ma

=∞ P ´ =∂ – ma

=∞ W ´ q∞ – mi

=∞ D ´ g∞ – mi

=∞ L ´ =Ú – mu

=∞ T ´ =¸ – mu

=∞ |∞∞ ´ =∞$ – mru

=∞ |∞∂ ´ =∞$Ï – mru

=∞ Z ´ "≥∞ – me

=∞ U ´ "Õ∞ – me

=∞ S ´ "≥∞ÿ – mai

=∞ X ´ "≥Ú – mo

=∞ F ´ "≥∂ – mo

=∞ B ´ =∞ø – mau

=∞ JO ´ =∞O – mam

=∞ Jó ´ =∞ó – mah.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

Üü∞ J ´ Ü«∞ – ya

Ü«∞ P ´ Ü«∂ – ya

Ü«∞ W ´ ~Ú – yi

Ü«∞ D ´ ~¸ – yi

Ü«∞ L ´ Ü«Ú – yu

Ü«∞ T ´ Ü« – yu

Ü«∞ |∞∞ ´ Ü«∞$ – yru

Ü«∞ |∞∂ ´ Ü«∞$Ï– yru

Ü«∞ Z ´ Ü≥∞ – ye

Ü«∞ U ´ ÜÕ∞ – ye

Ü«∞ S ´ Ü≥ÿ∞ – yai

Ü«∞ X ´ Ü≥Ú – yo

Ü«∞ F ´ Ü≥∂ – yo

Ü«∞ B ´ Ü«∞ø – yau

Ü«∞ JO ´ Ü«∞O– yam

Ü«∞ Jó ´ Ü«∞ó – yah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

25




.'Å— QÆ∞O «=Ú (la-Gunintamu)'~°— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ra-Gunintamu)


.

~ü J ´ ~° – ra

~° P ´ ~å – ra

~° W ´ i – ri

~° D ´ s – ri

~° L ´ ~°∞ – ru

~° T ´ ~°∂ – ru

~° |∞∞ ´ ~°$ – rru

~° |∞∂ ´ ~°$Ï – rru

~° Z ´ Ô~ – re

~° U ´ ~ – re

~° S ´ Ô~· – rai

~° X ´ ~˘ – ro

~° F ´ ~À – ro

~° B ´ ~“ – rau

~° JO ´ ~°O – ram

~° Jó ´ ~°ó – rah.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

26

Öò J ´ Å – la

Å P ´ ÖÏ – la

Å W ´ e – li

Å D ´ b – li

Å L ´ Å∞ – lu

Å T ´ Å∂ – lu

Å |∞∞ ´ Å$ – lru

Å |∞∂ ´ Å$Ï – lru

Å Z ´ Ö – le

Å U ´ ÖË – le

Å S ´ Ö· – lai

Å X ´ ÖÁ – lo

Å F ´ Ö’ – lo

Å B ´ Ö∫ – lau

Å JO ´ ÅO – lam

Å Jó ´ Åó – lah.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

–

.



.


.'=— QÆ∞O «=Ú (va-Gunintamu)'à◊— QÆ∞O «=Ú (la-Gunintamu)


"£ J ´ = – va

= P ´ "å – va

= W ´ q – vi

= D ´ g – vi

= L ´ =Ù – vu

= T ´ =Ó – vu

= |∞∞ ´ =$ – vru

= |∞∂ ´ =$Ï – vru

= Z ´ "≥ – ve

= U ´ "Õ – ve

= S ´ "≥·‹· – vai

= X ´ "˘ – vo

= F ´ "À – vo

= B ´ "Ò – vau

= JO ´ =O – vam

= Jó ´ =ó – vah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.

–

27

àò J ´ à◊ – la

à◊ P ´ àÏ – la

à◊ W ´ o – li

à◊ D ´ m – li

à◊ L ´ à◊√ – lu

à◊ T ´ à◊¥ – lu

à◊ |∞∞ ´ à◊$ – lru

à◊ |∞∂ ´ à◊$Ï – lru

à◊ Z ´ à‹ – le

à◊ U ´ àı – le

à◊ S ´ à‹· – lai

à◊ X ´ àÁ – lo

à◊ F ´ à’ – lo

à◊ B ´ à∫ – lau

à◊ JO ´ à◊O – lam

à◊ Jó ´ à◊ó – lah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.



.


.'+— QÆ∞O «=Ú (sa-Gunintamu)'â◊— QÆ∞O «=Ú (sa-Gunintamu)


.

âò J ´ â◊ – sa

â◊ P ´ âß – sa

â◊ W ´ t – si

â◊ D ´ j – si

â◊ L ´ â◊√ – su

â◊ T ´ â◊¥ – su

â◊ |∞∞ ´ â◊$ – sru

â◊ |∞∂ ´ â◊$Ï – sru

â◊ Z ´ â‹ – se

â◊ U ´ âı – se

â◊ S ´ â‹· – sai

â◊ X ´ âÁ – so

â◊ F ´ â’ – so

â◊ B ´ â∫ – sau

â◊ JO ´ â◊O – sam

â◊ Jó ´ â◊ó – sah.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

+π J ´ +¨ – sa

+ P ´ ëê – sa

+ W ´ +≤ – si

+ D ´ +‘ – si

+ L ´ +µ – su

+ T ´ +Ø – su

+ |∞∞ ´ +$ – sru

+ |∞∂ ´ +$Ï – sru

+ Z ´ Ã+ – se

+ U ´ ¿+ – se

+ S ´ Ã+·· – sai

+ X ´ ë⁄ – so

+ F ´ ëÈ – so

+ B ´ ëœ – sau

+ JO ´ +O – sam

+ Jó ´ +ó – sah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.

–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

28

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´



.


.'ÇÏ— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ha-Gunintamu)'ã— QÆ∞O «=Ú (sa-Gunintamu)


ãπ J ´ ã¨ – sa

ã P ´ ™ê – sa

ã W ´ ã≤ – si

ã D ´ ã‘ – si

ã L ´ ã∞ – su

ã T ´ ã∂ – su

ã¨¨ |∞∞ ´ ã$ – sru

ã |∞∂ ´ ã$Ï – sru

ã Z ´ Ãã – se

ã U ´ ¿ã – se

ã S ´ Ãã· – sai

ã X ´ ™⁄ – so

ã F ´ ™È – so

ã B ´ ™œ – sau

ã JO ´ ãO –sam

ã Jó ´ ãó – sah.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

ÇπÏ J ´ Ç¨Ï – ha

ÇÏ P ´ Ç – ha

ÇÏ W ´ Ç≤Ï – hi

ÇÏ D ´ Ç‘Ï – hi

ÇÏ L ´ Çï – hu

ÇÏ T ´ Ç˙ – hu

ÇÏ |∞∞ ´ ÇÏ$ – hru

ÇÏ |∞∂ ´ ÇÏ$Ï – hru

ÇÏ Z ´ ÃÇÏ – he

ÇÏ U ´ ¿ÇÏ – he

ÇÏ S ´ ÃÇ·Ï – hai

ÇÏ X ´ ÇÏ∏ – ho

ÇÏ F ´ ÇÏŸ – ho

ÇÏ B ´ ÇÏ∫ – hau

ÇÏ JO ´ ÇÏO – ham

ÇÏ Jó ´ ÇÏó – hah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.

–

29



.


.'é— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ra-Gunintamu)'Hõ∆— QÆ∞O «=Ú (ksha-Gunintamu)


.

H∆± J ´ Hõ∆ – ksha

Hõ∆ P ´ H∆Í – ksha

Hõ∆ W ´ H∆ – kshi

Hõ∆ D ´ H©∆ – kshi

Hõ∆ L ´ ‰õ∆Ω – kshu

Hõ∆ T ´ ‰õ∆Ä – kshu

Hõ∆ |∞∞ ´ Hõ∆$ – kshru

Hõ∆ |∞∂ ´ Hõ∆$Ï – kshru

Hõ∆ Z ´ ÔH∆ – kshe

Hõ∆ U ´ ˆH∆ – kshe

Hõ∆ S ´ ÔH∆Â – kshai

Hõ∆ X ´ H∆ – ksho

Hõ∆ F ´ H∆À – ksho

Hõ∆ B ´ H∆“ – kshau

Hõ∆ JO ´ Hõ∆O – ksham

Hõ∆ Jó ´ Hõ∆ó – kshah.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

éü J ´ é – ra

é P ´ éÏ – ra

é W ´ é – ri

é D ´ é© – ri

é L ´ é∞ – ru

é T ´ é∂ – ru

é |∞∞ ´ é$ – rru

é |∞∂ ´ é$Ï – rru

é Z ´ éˇ – re

é U ´ éË – re

é S ´ éÿ – rai

é X ´ é˘ – ro

é F ´ é’ – ro

é B ´ é∫ – rau

é JO ´ éO – ram

é Jó ´ éó – rah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

30

31

Symbols of Vottulu

khYö

gQÆæ

ghÑ¶¨∞…

nVV

cK«Û

chKè«Ûù

j[˚

jh~°≠~°≠

n&&

t@ì

th~î°ª

d_»¤

dh_è»_è

n

‚

t«Î

thäŒ÷

dŒÌ

dhèŒú

n#fl

pÑ¨Ê

phÑ¶¨Êù

b|ƒ

bhÉèíƒù

m=∞‡

yÜ«∞º

r~°„

là◊§

lÅ¡

v=fi

sâ◊≈

s+¨¬

sã¨û

hÇ¨Ï›

kshaHõ∆∆

raé]

k

Hõ¯.

~

..

. .

.

. .

.

´

VOTTULU for “ka” consonant

'Hõ— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “kha” consonant

'Y— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

Y¯ – khka

Yö – khkha

Yæ – khga

Y… – khgha

YÛ – khca

YÛù – khcha

Y˚ – khja

Y – khjha

Yì – khta

Yª – khtha

Y¤ – khda

Y – khdha

Y‚ – khna

YÎ – khta

Y÷ – khtha

YÌ – khda

Yú – khdha

Yfl – khna

YÊ – khpa

YÊù – khpha

Yƒ – khba

Yƒù – khbha

Y‡ – khma

Yº – khya

„Y – khra

Y¡ – khla

Y§ – khla

Yfi – khva

Y≈ – khsa

Y¬ – khsa

Yû – khsa

Y› – khha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

~°≠

.

Hõ – kka

Hõö – kkha

Hõæ – kga

Hõ… – kgha

HõÛ – kca

HõÛù – kcha

Hõ – kja

Hõ – kjha

Hõì – kta

Hõª – ktha

Hõ¤ – kda

Hõ – kdha

Hõ‚ – kna

HõÎ – kta

Hõ÷ – ktha

HõÌ – kda

~°≠

.

.

.

.

.

.

Hõú – kdha

Hõfl – kna

HõÊ – kpa

HõÊù – kpha

Hõƒ – kba

Hõƒù – kbha

Hõ‡ – kma

Hõº – kya

„Hõ – kra

Hõ¡ – kla

Hõ§ – kla

Hõfi – kva

Hõ≈ – ksa

Hõ¬ – ksa

Hõû – ksa

Hõ› – kha

32

´ ´

QÆ¯ – gka

QÆö – gkha

QÆæ – gga

QÆ… – ggha

QÆÛ – gca

QÆÛù – gcha

QÆ – gja

QÆ – gjha

QÆì – gta

QÆª – gtha

QÆ¤ – gda

QÆ – gdha

QÆ‚ – gna

QÆÎ – gta

QÆ÷ – gtha

QÆÌ – gda

VOTTULU for “ga” consonant

'QÆõ— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “gha” consonant

'Ñ¶∞— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

QÆú – gdha

QÆfl – gna

QÆÊ – gpa

QÆÊù – gpha

QÆƒ – gba

QÆƒù – gbha

QÆ‡ – gma

QÆº – gya

„QÆ – gra

QÆ¡ – gla

QÆ§ – gla

QÆfi – gva

QÆ≈ – gsa

QÆ¬ – gsa

QÆû – gsa

QÆ› – gha

.

.

.

~°≠

.

Ñ¶¨∞¯ – ghka

Ñ¶¨∞ö – ghkha

Ñ¶¨∞æ – ghga

Ñ¶¨∞… – ghgha

Ñ¶¨∞Û – ghca

Ñ¶¨∞Ûù – ghcha

Ñ¶¨∞˚ – ghja

Ñ¶¨∞ – ghjha

Ñ¶¨∞ì – ghta

Ñ¶¨∞ª – ghtha

Ñ¶¨∞¤ – ghda

Ñ¶¨∞ – ghdha

Ñ¶¨∞‚ – ghna

Ñ¶¨∞Î – ghta

Ñ¶¨∞÷ – ghtha

Ñ¶¨∞Ì – ghda

.

.

.

.

.

~°≠

Ñ¶¨∞ú – ghdha

Ñ¶¨∞fl – ghna

Ñ¶¨∞Ê – ghpa

Ñ¶¨∞Êù – ghpha

Ñ¶¨∞ƒ – ghba

Ñ¶¨∞ƒù – ghbha

Ñ¶¨∞‡ – ghma

Ñ¶¨∞º – ghya

„Ñ¶¨∞ – ghra

Ñ¶¨∞¡ – ghla

Ñ¶∞§ – ghla

Ñ¶¨∞fi – ghva

Ñ¶¨∞≈ – ghsa

Ñ¶¨∞¬ – ghsa

Ñ¶¨∞û – ghsa

Ñ¶¨∞› – ghha

.

.

.

.

.

33

´ ´

VOTTULU for “ca” consonant

'K«— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “cha” consonant

'Kè«— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

K« – cka

K«ö – ckha

K«æ – cga

K«… – cgha

K«Û – cca

K«Ûù – ccha

K« – cja

K« – chjha

K«ì – cta

K«ª – ctha

K«¤ – cda

K« – cdha

K«‚ – chna

K«Î – cta

K«÷ – ctha

K«Ì – cda

K«ú – cdha

K«fl – cna

K«Ê – cpa

K«Êù – cpha

K«ƒ – cba

K«ƒù – cbha

K«‡ – cma

K«º – cya

„K« – cra

K«¡ – cla

K«§ – cla

K«fi – cva

K«≈ – csa

K«¬ – csa

K«û – csa

K«› – cha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Kè« – chka

Kè«ö – chkha

Kè«æ – chga

Kè«… – chgha

Kè«Û – chca

Kè«Ûù – chcha

Kè« – chja

Kè« – chjha

Kè«ì – chta

Kè«ª – chtha

Kè«¤ – chda

Kè« – chdha

Kè«‚ – chna

Kè«Î – chta

Kè«÷ – chtha

Kè«Ì – chda

Kè«ú – chdha

Kè«fl – chna

Kè«Ê – chpa

Kè«Êù – chpha

Kè«ƒ – chba

Kè«ƒù – chbha

Kè«‡ – chma

Kè«º – chya

„Kè« – chra

Kè«¡ – chla

Kè«§ – chla

Kè«fi – chva

Kè«≈ – chsa

Kè«¬ – chsa

Kè«û – chsa

Kè«› – chha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

~°≠ ~°≠

34

´ ´

VOTTULU for “ja” consonant

'[— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “jha” consonant

'~°≠— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

[¯ – jka

[ö – jkha

[æ – jga

[… – jgha

[Û – jca

[Ûùù – jcha

[˚ – jja

[ – jjha

[ì – jta

[ª – jtha

[¤ – jda

[ – jdha

[‚ – jna

[Î – jta

[÷ – jtha

[Ì – jda

[ú – jdha

[fl – jna

[Ê – jpa

[Êù – jpha

[ƒ – jba

[ƒù – jbha

[‡ – jma

[º – jya

„[ – jra

[¡ – jla

[§ – jla

[fi – jva

[≈ – jsa

[¬ – jsa

[û – jsa

[› – jha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

~°≠¯ – jhka

~°≠ö – jhkha

~°≠æ – jhga

~°≠… – jhgha

~°≠Û – jhca

~°≠Ûù – jhcha

~°≠˚ – jhja

~°≠ – jhjha

~°≠ì – jhta

~°≠ª – jhtha

~°≠¤ – jhda

~°≠ – jhdha

~°≠‚ – jhna

~°≠Î – jhta

~°≠÷ – jhtha

~°≠Ì – jhda

~°≠ú – jhdha

~°≠fl – jhna

~°≠Ê – jhpa

~°≠Êù – jhpha

~°≠ƒ – jhba

~°≠ƒù – jhbha

~°≠‡ – jhma

~°≠º – jhya

„~°≠ – jhra

~°≠¡ – jhla

~°≠§ – jhla

~°≠fi – jhva

~°≠≈ – jhsa

~°≠¬ – jhsa

~°≠û – jhsa

~°≠› – jhha

.

.

.

.

~°≠ ~°≠

.

.

.

35

´ ´

VOTTULU for “ta” consonant

'@— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “tha” consonant

'~î°— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞. .

.

@¯ – tka

@ö – tkha

@æ – tga

@… – tgha

@Û – tca

@Ûù – tcha

@˚ – tja

@ – tjha

@ì – tta

@ª – ttha

@¤ – tda

@ – tdha

@‚ – tna

@Î – tta

@÷ – ttha

@Ì – tda

.

.

.

~°≠

.

.

. @ú – tdha

@fl – tna

@Ê – tpa

@Êù – tpha

@ƒ – tba

@ƒù – tbha

@‡ – tma

@º – tya

„@ – tra

@¡ – tla

@§ – tla

@fi – tva

@≈ – tsa

@¬ – tsa

@û – tsa

@› – tha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.. .

.

.

..

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

~î° – thka

~î°ö – thkha

~î°æ – thga

~î°… – thgha

~î°Û – thca

~î°Ûù – thcha

~î° – thja

~î° – thjha

~î°ì – thta

~î°ª – ththa

~î°¤ – thda

~î° – thdha

~î°‚ – thna

~î°Î – thta

~î°÷ – ththa

~î°Ì – thda

.

.

.

~°≠

.

.

. ~î°ú – thdha

~î°fl – thna

~î°Ê – thpa

~î°Êù – thpha

~î°ƒ – thba

~î°ƒù – thbha

~î°‡ – thma

~î°º – thya

„~î° – thra

~î°¡ – thla

~î«§ – thla

~î°fi – thva

~î°≈ – thsa

~î°¬ – thsa

~î°û – thsa

~î°› – thha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

..

.

.

36

´ ´

VOTTULU for “da” consonant

'_»— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “dha” consonant

'_è»— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞..

.

_» – dka

_»ö – dkha

_»æ – dga

_»… – dgha

_»Û – dca

_»Ûù – dcha

_»˚ – dja

_» – djha

_»ì – dta

_»ª – dtha

_»¤ – dda

_» – ddha

_»‚ – dna

_»Î – dta

_»÷ – dtha

_»Ì – dda

~°≠

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

..

..

.

.

.

.

.

_»ú – ddha

_»fl – dna

_»Ê – dpa

_»Êù – dpha

_»ƒ – dba

_»ƒù – dbha

_»‡ – dma

_»º – dya

„_» – dra

_»¡ – dla

_»§ – dla

_»fi – dva

_»≈ – dsa

_»¬ – dsa

_»û – dsa

_»› – dha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

~°≠

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

..

..

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

_è»» – dhka

_è»ö – dhkha

_è»»æ – dhga

_è»»… – dhgha

_è»»Û – dhca

_è»»Ûù – dhcha

_è»»˚ – dhja

_è»» – dhjha

_è»»ì – dhta

_è»»ª – dhtha

_è»»¤ – dhda

_è»è» – dhdha

_è»»‚ – dhna

_è»»Î – dhta

_è»»÷ – dhtha

_è»»Ì – dhda

_è»»ú – dhdha

_è»»fl – dhna

_è»»Ê – dhpa

_è»»Êù – dhpha

_è»»ƒ – dhba

_è»»ƒù – dhbha

_è»»»‡ – dhma

_è»»º – dhya

„_è»» – dhra

_è»»¡ – dhla

_è»»§ – dhla

_è»»fi – dhva

_è»»≈ – dhsa

_è»»¬ – dhsa

_è»»û – dhsa

_è»»› – dhha

.

.

.

.37

´ ´

VOTTULU for “ta” consonant

' «»— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “tha” consonant

' äŒè»— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

.

`«¯ – tka

`«ö – tkha

`«æ – tga

`«… – tgha

`«Û – tca

`«Ûù – tcha

`«˚ – tja

`« – tjha

`«ì – tta

`«ª – ttha

`«¤ – tda

`« – tdha

`«‚ – tna

`«Î – tta

`«÷ – ttha

`«Ì – tda

`«ú – tdha

`«fl – tna

`«Ê – tpa

`«Êù – tpha

`«ƒ – tba

`«ƒù – tbha

`«‡ – tma

«º – tya

„`« – tra

`«¡ – tla

««§ – tla

`«fi – tva

`«≈ – tsa

`«¬ – tsa

`«û – tsa

`«› – tha

.

.

.

.

.

.

~°≠

.

äŒ – thka

äŒö – thkha

äŒæ – thga

äŒ… – thgha

^äŒÛ – thca

äŒÛù – thcha

äŒ – thja

äŒ – thjha

äŒì – thta

äŒª – ththa

äŒ¤ – thda

äŒ – thdha

äŒ‚ – thna

äŒÎ – thta

äŒ«÷ – ththa

äŒ«Ì – thda

äŒ«ú – thdha

äŒ«fl – thna

äŒÊ – thpa

äŒ«Êù – thpha

^äŒƒ – thba

^äŒƒù – thbha

äŒ‡ – thma

äŒº – thya

„ äŒ – thra

äŒ¡ – thla

äŒ§ – thla

äŒfi – thva

^äŒ≈ – thsa

äŒ¬ – thsa

^äŒû – thsa

^äŒ› – thha

.

.

.

~°≠

.

.

.

38

´ ´

VOTTULU for “da” consonant

' Œ«»— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “dha” consonant

' èŒŒè»— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

.

Œ – dka

Œö – dkha

Œæ – dga

Œ… – dgha

^ŒÛ – dca

^ŒÛù – dcha

Œ – dja

Œ – djha

Œì – dta

Œª – dtha

Œ¤ – dda

Œ – ddha

Œ‚ – dna

ŒÎ – dta

Œ÷ – dtha

ŒÌ – dda

.

~°≠

.

.

Œú – ddha

Œfl – dna

ŒÊ – dpa

ŒÊù – dpha

^Œƒ – dba

^Œƒù – dbha

Œ‡ – dma

Œº – dya

„^Œ – dra

Œ¡ – dla

Œ«§ – dla

Œfi – dva

^Œ≈ – dsa

Œ¬ – dsa

^Œû – dsa

^Œ› – dha

.

.

.

.

èŒ – dhka

èŒö – dhkha

èŒæ – dhga

èŒŒ… – dhgha

^èŒÛ – dhca

èŒÛù – dhcha

èŒ – dhja

èŒ – dhjha

èŒì – dhta

èŒª – dhtha

èŒ¤ – dhda

èŒ – dhdha

èŒ‚ – dhna

èŒÎ – dhta

èŒ÷ – dhtha

èŒÌ – dhda

.

~°≠

.

.

Œú – dhdha

èŒfl – dhna

èŒÊ – dhpa

èŒÊù – dhpha

^èŒƒ – dhba

^èŒƒù – dhbha

èŒ‡ – dhma

èŒº – dhya

„ èŒ – dhra

èŒ¡ – dhla

èŒ§ – dhla

èŒfi – dhva

^èŒ≈ – dhsa

èŒ¬ – dhsa

^èŒû – dhsa

^èŒ› – dhha

.

.

.

39

´ ´

VOTTULU for “na” consonant

'#— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “pa” consonant

'Ñ— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

.

#¯ – nka

#ö – nkha

#æ – nga

#… – ngha

#Û – nca

#Ûù – ncha

#˚ – nja

# – njha

#ì – nta

#ª – ntha

#¤ – nda

# – ndha

#‚ – nna

#Î – nta

#÷ – ntha

#Ì – nda

.

~°≠

.

.

#ú – ndha

#fl – nna

#Ê – npa

#Êù – npha

#ƒ – nba

#ƒù – nbha

#‡ – nma

#º – nya

„# – nra

#¡ – nla

#§ – nla

#fi – nva

#≈ – nsa

#¬ – nsa

#û – nsa

#› – nha

.

.

.

.

Ñ¨¯ – pka

Ñ¨ö – pkha

Ñ¨æ – pga

Ñ¨… – pgha

Ñ¨Û – pca

Ñ¨Ûù – pcha

Ñ¨˚ – pja

Ñ¨ – pjha

Ñ¨ì – pta

Ñ¨ª – ptha

Ñ¨¤ – pda

Ñ¨ – pdha

Ñ¨‚ – pna

Ñ¨Î – pta

Ñ¨÷ – ptha

Ñ¨Ì – pda

.

~°≠

.

.

Ñ¨ú – pdha

Ñ¨fl – pna

Ñ¨Ê – ppa

Ñ¨Êù – ppha

Ñ¨ƒ – pba

Ñ¨ƒù – pbha

Ñ¨‡ – pma

Ñ¨º – pya

„Ñ¨ – pra

Ñ¨¡ – pla

Ñ¨§ – pla

Ñ¨fi – pva

Ñ¨≈ – psa

Ñ¨¬ – psa

Ñ¨û – psa

Ñ¨› – pha

.

.

.

40

´ ´

VOTTULU for “bha” consonant

'Éèí— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “ma” consonant

'=∞— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

.

Éèí – bhka

Éèíö – bhkha

Éèíæ – bhga

Éèí… – bhgha

ÉèíÛ – bhca

ÉèíÛù – bhcha

Éèí – bhja

Éèí – bhjha

Éèíì – bhta

Éèíª – bhtha

Éèí¤ – bhda

Éèí – bhdha

Éèí‚ – bhna

ÉèíÎ – bhta

Éèí÷ – bhtha

ÉèíÌ – bhda

.

.

.

Éèíú – bhdha

Éèífl – bhna

ÉèíÊ – bhpa

ÉèíÊù – bhpha

Éèíƒ – bhba

Éèíƒù – bhbha

Éèí‡ – bhma

Éèíº – bhya

„Éèí – bhra

Éèí¡ – bhla

Éèí§ – bhla

Éèífi – bhva

Éèí≈ – bhsa

Éèí¬ – bhsa

Éèíû – bhsa

Éèí› – bhha

.

.

.

~°≠

.

=∞¯ – mka

=∞ö – mkha

=∞æ – mga

=∞… – mgha

=∞Û – mca

=∞Ûù – mcha

=∞˚ – mja

=∞ – mjha

=∞ì – mta

=∞ª – mtha

=∞¤ – mda

=∞ – mdha

=∞‚ – mna

=∞Î – mta

=∞÷ – mtha

=∞Ì – mda

.

~°≠

.

.

.

.

.

=∞ú – mdha

=∞fl – mna

=∞Ê – mpa

=∞Êù – mpha

=∞ƒ – mba

=∞ƒù – mbha

=∞‡ – mma

=∞º – mya

„=∞ – mra

=∞¡ – mla

=∞§ – mla

=∞fi – mva

=∞≈ – msa

=∞¬ – msa

=∞û – msa

=∞› – mha

42

´ ´

VOTTULU for “ya” consonant

'Ü«∞— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “ra” consonant

'~°— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

.

Ü«∞¯– yka

Ü«∞ö – ykha

Ü«∞æ – yga

Ü«∞… – ygha

Ü«∞Û – yca

Ü«∞Ûù – ycha

Ü«∞˚ – yja

Ü«∞ – yjha

Ü«∞ì – yta

Ü«∞ª – ytha

Ü«∞¤ – yda

Ü«∞ – ydha

Ü«∞‚ – yna

Ü«∞Î – yta

Ü«∞÷ – ytha

Ü«∞Ì – yda

.

~°≠

.

.

Ü«∞ú – ydha

Ü«∞fl – yna

Ü«∞Ê – ypa

Ü«∞Êù – ypha

Ü«∞ƒ – ypba

Ü«∞ƒù – ybha

Ü«∞‡ – yma

Ü«∞º– yya

„Ü«∞ – yra

Ü«∞¡ – yla

Ü«∞§ – yla

Ü«∞fi – yva

Ü«∞≈ – ysa

Ü«∞¬ – ysa

Ü«∞û – ysa

Ü«∞› – yha

.

.

.

.

~°¯ – rka

~°ö – rkha

~°æ – rga

~°… – rgha

~°Û – rca

~°Ûù – rcha

~° – rja

~° – rjha

~°ì – rta

~°ª – rtha

~°¤ – rda

~° – rdha

~°‚ – rna

~°Î – rta

~°÷ – rtha

~°Ì – rda

.

~°≠

.

.

~°ú – rdha

~°fl – rna

~°Ê – rpa

~°Êù – rpha

~°ƒ – rba

~°ƒù – rbha

~°‡ – rma

~°º – rya

„~° – rra

~°¡ – rla

~°§ – rla

~°fi – rva

~°≈ – rsa

~°¬ – rsa

~°û – rsa

~°› – rha

.

.

.

43

´ ´

VOTTULU for “la” consonant

'Å— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “la” consonant

'à◊— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞.

.

Å¯ – lka

Åö – lkha

Åæ – lga

Å… – lgha

ÅÛ – lca

ÅÛù – lcha

Å˚ – lja

Å – ljha

Åì – lta

Åª – ltha

Å¤ – lda

Å – ldha

Å‚ – lna

ÅÎ – lta

Å÷ – ltha

ÅÌ – lda

.

~°≠

.

.

Åú – ldha

Åfl – lna

ÅÊ – lpa

ÅÊù – lpha

Åƒ – lba

Åƒù – lbha

Å‡ – lma

Åº – lya

„Å – lra

Å¡ – lla

Å§ – lla

Åfi – lva

Å≈ – lsa

Å¬ – lsa

Åû – lsa

Å› – lha

.

.

.

à◊ – lka

à◊ö – lkha

à◊æ – lga

à◊… – lgha

à◊Û – lca

à◊Ûù – lcha

à◊ – lja

à◊ – ljha

à◊ì – lta

à◊ª – ltha

à◊¤ – lda

à◊ – ldha

à◊‚ – lna

à◊Î – lta

à◊÷ – ltha

à◊Ì – lda

.

à◊ú – ldha

à◊fl – lna

à◊Ê – lpa

à◊Êù – lpha

à◊ƒ – lba

à◊ƒù – lbha

à◊‡ – lma

à◊º – lya

„à◊ – lra

à◊¡ – lla

à◊§ – lla

à◊fi – lva

à◊≈ – lsa

à◊¬ – lsa

à◊û – lsa

à◊› – lha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

~°≠

.

.

.

.

.

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.

.

.

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.

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.

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44

´ ´

VOTTULU for “va” consonant

'=— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “sa” consonant

'â◊— Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

.

=¯ – vka

=ö – vkha

=æ – vga

=… – vgha

=Û – vca

=Ûù – vcha

=˚ – vja

= – vjha

=ì – vta

=ª – vtha

=¤ – vda

= – vdha

=‚ – vna

=Î – vta

=÷ – vtha

=Ì – vda

.

~°≠

.

.

=ú – vdha

=fl – vna

=Ê – vpa

=Êù – vpha

=ƒ – vba

=ƒù – vbha

=‡ – vma

=º – vya

„= – vra

=¡ – vla

=§ – vla

=fi – vva

=≈ – vsa

=¬ – vsa

=û – vsa

=› – vha

.

.

.

â◊¯ – ska

â◊ö – skha

â◊æ – sga

â◊… – sgha

â◊Û – sca

â◊Ûù – scha

â◊ – sja

â◊ – sjha

â◊ì – sta

â◊ª – stha

â◊¤ – sda

â◊ – sdha

â◊‚ – sna

â◊Î – sta

â◊÷ – stha

â◊Ì – sda

~°≠

â◊ú – sdha

â◊fl – sna

â◊Ê – spa

â◊Êù – spha

â◊ƒ – sba

â◊ƒù – sbha

â◊‡ – sma

â◊º – sya

„â◊ – sra

â◊¡ – sla

â◊§ – sla

â◊fi – sva

â◊≈ – ssa

â◊¬ – ssa

â◊û – ssa

â◊› – sha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

45

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´ ´

´

´

´

VOTTULU for “sa” consonant

'+— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞VOTTULU for “sa” consonant

'ã— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞.

.+¨¯ – ska

+¨ö – skha

+¨æ – sga

+¨… – sgha

+¨Û – sca

+¨Ûù – scha

+¨˚ – sja

+¨ – sjha

+¨ì – sta

+¨ª – stha

+¨¤ – sda

+¨ – sdha

+¨‚ – sna

+¨Î – sta

+¨÷ – stha

+¨Ì – sda

.

~°≠

.

.

+¨ú – sdha

+¨fl – sna

+¨Ê – spa

+¨Êù – spha

+¨ƒ – sba

+¨ƒù – sbha

+¨‡ – sma

+¨º – sya

„+¨ – sra

+¨¡ – sla

+¨§ – sla

+¨fi – sva

+¨≈ – ssa

+¨¬ – ssa

+¨û – ssa

+¨› – sha

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

ã¨ – ska

ãö – skha

ãæ – sga

ã¨… – sgha

ã¨Û – sca

ã¨Ûù – scha

ã¨ – sja

ã¨ – sjha

ãì – sta

ãª – stha

ã¤ – sda

ã¨ – sdha

ã‚ – sna

ãÎ – sta

ã÷ – stha

ãÌ – sda

.

~°≠

.

.

ãú – sdha

ã¨fl – sna

ã¨Ê – spa

ã¨Êù – spha

ã¨ƒ – sba

ã¨ƒù – sbha

ã¨‡ – sma

ã¨º – sya

„ã¨ – sra

ã¡ – sla

ã¨§ – sla

ã¨fi – sva

ã¨≈ – ssa

ã¬ – ssa

ã¨û – ssa

ã¨› – sha

.

.

.

46

´ ´

VOTTULU for “ha” consonant

'ÇÏ— ÇÏÅ∞¡‰õΩ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞

Ç¨Ï¯ – hka

Ç¨Ïö – hkha

Ç¨Ïæ – hga

Ç¨Ï… – hgha

Ç¨ÏÛ – hca

Ç¨ÏÛù – hcha

Ç¨Ï˚ – hja

Ç¨Ï – hjha~°≠

Ç¨Ïì – hta

Ç¨Ïª – htha

Ç¨Ï¤ – hda

Ç¨Ï – hdha

Ç¨Ï‚ – hna

Ç¨ÏÎ – hta

Ç¨Ï÷ – htha

Ç¨ÏÌ – hda

Ç¨Ïú – hdha

Ç¨Ïfl – hna

Ç¨ÏÊ – hpa

Ç¨ÏÊù – hpha

Ç¨Ïƒ – hba

Ç¨Ïƒù – hbha

Ç¨Ï‡ – hma

Ç¨Ïº – hya

„Ç¨Ï – hra

Ç¨Ï¡ – hla

Ç¨Ï§ – hla

Ç¨Ïfi – hva

Ç¨Ï≈ – hsa

Ç¨Ï¬ – hsa

Ç¨Ïû – hsa

Ç¨Ï› – hha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

QÆ=∞xHõV,&,, Hõ∆, é – D JHõ∆~åÅ "˘ «∞ÎÅ∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ "å_»∞HõÖ’ ÖË=Ù

HÍ|\ì g\H ãO|OkèOz# kfi`åfiHõ∆~åÅ#∞ W=fiÖË Œ∞.

NOTE The vowel- consonant clusters for the Telugu letters viz.,

n, n, n, ksha, r are not given since they are notin much usage.

.~

..

47

´

Just try for yourself!

Write all the Vowels in Series

J – JO

Write all the Consonants in Series

Hõ – é

Write Gunintamulu for ha (ÇÏ)

Write Vottulu for bh (Éèí)

.

48

Telugu Vrna mala

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Transcript of Telugu Vrna mala