TELANGANA FREEDOM FIGHTERS

1. Konda Lakshman Bapuji Father of Telangana (27 September 1915 - 21 September 2012,

Bapuji was born in Wankidi village, Adilabad district, He participated in the Quit India

movement in 1942, in the 1952 Non mulki agitation and 1969 Telangana Agitation. He was

the first minister to resign from his post for Telangana cause in 1969. Mr. Bapuji met

Mahatma Gandhi in 1931. He was a member of Telangana Sadhana Samithi. He

announced, "We solemnly declare statehood for Telangana on November 2, 2008. He

was first elected as MLA from Asifabad constituency in Adilabad district in 1952, served as

deputy speaker from 1957 to 1960 and as minister from 1960 to 1962.

2. Kaloji Narayana Rao (9 September 1914 – 13 November 2002) more popularly known

as Kaloji or Kalanna was an Indian poet, freedom fighter, Anti-fascist and political activist

of Telangana. He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 1992. Kaloji was born

in Madikonda, a village near Warangal in Hyderabad state. From around the age of 16, Rao

became active in anti-establishment movements, joining the Arya Samaj and, later,

the Andhra Mahasabha.He participated in movement that was opposed to the rule of

the Nizam in the then Hyderabad State and was imprisoned twice. He was popularly known

as Praja Kavi, meaning "people's poet". He started writing poetry from an early age. He

composed his first poem, in 1931 while still in his teens. his most popular poetic lines were

పుటు�క నీది చావు నీది బ్రతు�క��తా దేశానిది. He wrote this lines in his godava. Kaloji's Na Godava

is unique both in its style and content. The great Telugu poet Sri Dasaradhi called it ' a

running commentary on contemporary history'. He was a member of the Andhra Pradesh

Legislative Council during 1960-1962 and in 1977 he unsuccessfully stood against Jalagam

Vengal Rao as a candidate in the Sattupalli constituency. He was founder member

for Andhra Saraswatha Parishathu and member Andhra Pradesh Sahitya Academy.He was

the president of Telangana Rachayitala Sangham and was a Member of Glossary

Committee during the period 1957-61. He is a recipient of Tamarapatra in 1972. He received

the best translation award of the Andhra Pradesh Government for his work Jeevana

Geetha in 1968 and Burgula Ramakrishna Rao memorial first award. He was felicitated by

the Andhra Pradesh Government in 1981. In 1992, he was awarded an honorary doctorate

by Kakatiya University. Kaloji donated his body for research to Kakatiya Medical College,

Warangal.

3. Kothapalli Jayashankar popularly known as Professor Jayashankar (6 August 1934 – 21

June 2011) was an Indian academic and Social Activist. He was the ideologue of Telangana

Movement. He has been fighting for a separate state since 1952. He often stated that

unequal distribution of river water was the root cause of separate Telangana movement.[3] He

was the former Vice-Chancellor of Kakatiya University and an activist in the

Separate Telangana Movement. K. Jayashankar was born in Akkampet

village, Atmakur mandal, Warangal in erstwhile Hyderabad state. His biography "Voduvani

Muchchata" written by Kompelli Venkat Goud was released by KCR and other prominent

personalities. Professor Jayashankar was Registrar of the then Central Institute of English

and Foreign Languages (CIEFL) before being appointed Vice-chancellor of Kakatiya

University in 1991.

4. Komaram Bheem (Telugu:కొమరం� భీం� 22 October 1901–19 October 1940) was a tribal leader

who fought against the Asaf Jahi Dynasty for the liberation of Hyderabad. Bheem was born

into a family of Gond Tribals in the forests of Adilabad in the state of Telangana 

5. Chityala Ailamma or Chakali Ailamma was an Indian revolutionary leader during

the Telangana Rebellion.[1] She revolted against the feudal lord, Zamindar Ramachandra

Reddy, known as Visnoor Deshmukh, to save her four acres of land when he tried to occupy

it. She became an inspiration for many during the rebellion against the feudal lords of the

Telangana region. hityala Ailamma was born at Krishnapuram village

in Rayaparthi mandal Warangal district, Telangana State, India. She belongs

to Rajaka caste.

6. Ravi Narayana Reddy, (4 June 1908 – 7 September 1991), was a founding member of

the Communist Party of India. He was a leader in the Telengana Rebellion against the rule

of Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII. Reddy was also a philanthropist, social reformer,[1] and

parliamentarian. In 2006, the Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy,

presented the Ravi Narayana Reddy memorial national foundation award to A.B. Bardhan,

Communist Party of India general secretary.[3

7. Daasarathi Krishnamacharyulu, popularly known as Daasarathi (1927–1987) (Telugu: దాశారంథి క�ష్ణ�మాచారం��లు�) was a Telugu Poet and Writer. Daasarathi holds the

titles Abhyudhaya Kavi and Kalaprapurna.[1] He was also the recipient of Sahitya Academy

Award for his poetic work book Thimiramtho Samaram (Fight against Darkness) in 1974.[2] He was also chosen as Aastana Kavi of the Andhra Pradesh Government. Dasarathi was

arrested in 1947 and was sent to Warangal central jail, along with many other leaders who

went on to prominence in independent India. Dasarathi was later moved

to Nizamabad central jail. While in jail he wrote poetry. Popular quotes of him are "నా

తెలు�గాణ, కోటి రంతునాలు వీణ" ("naa telangaaNa, kOTi ratanaala vINa")[4] [My Telangana is like

the Veena (a beautiful stringed hollow instrument) decked with innumerable diamonds]

"నాక� ఉరం%& తెలు�గు� రెం�డు� కళ్ళు+,, ఈ రెం�డు� కళ్ళు,తో అని0 భాష్ణలుని చదవగులును�" ("naaku urdU telugu renDu

kaLLu, I renDu kaLLatO anni Bashalani cadavagalanu")[5] [Urdu and Telugu are my two eyes, with

which I read every other language]

"Edi Kakati? Evate Rudrama? Evaru Rayalu? Evadu Singana? Anni Nene! Anta Nene! Telugu Nene!

Velugu Nene!"

"Telanganamu Ritude! Musali Nakkaku Racharikambu Dakkune?"

"Na Geetavalulenta Dooramu Prayanambauno Andaka Ee Bhoogolambuna Aggi Vettedanu"

"Na Peru Praja Koti! Na Ooru Praja Vati!"

"Ranunnadi Edi Nijam? Adi Okate – Socialism!"

"Kammani na telangana tommidi jillalena? Asalandhra ku telangana paryayam kaada?"

"Maa Nizaam Raju Janma Janmaala Booju"

8. Suravaram Pratapa Reddy (1896-1953) was a social historian from the Telangana, India.

Pratapareddy was born on May 28, 1896 in Boravelli village in Gadwal estate of erstwhile

Hyderabad State He wrote a social history of the Telugu people, Andhrula Saanghika

Charitra, which was first published in 1949 and has since gone through many editions. It was

the first Telugu language book that to win the best national book award (Kendra Sahitya

Academy Puraskaram). From the 1970s onwards it was a prescribed text for the Indian

Administrative Service and Indian Police Service examinations and of the Andhra Pradesh

civil services commission. He compiled a list of 354 Telangana poets under the title

"Golconda Kavulu" to prove that Telangana also had literature and poetry. Telugu script is

called "onamalu" derived from Om Namah Sivaya of Saivism. He was the editor and founder

of Golconda Patrika, a journal in Hyderabad State. Many of his articles appeared in journals

like Sujata, Shoba, Bharati etc.  Golconda was published twice a week. In one of the

editorials of Golconda he wrote that the purpose of the journal was twofold: 1) to serve

Telugu language in Telangana and 2) to help develop everybody in Telangana without any

tribal/caste prejudices. Biographies were Golconda Kavula Charitra,Raamayana

Visheeshaalu, Hinduvula Pandagalu, Hindava Dharma Viirulu

9. Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao (March 13, 1899 – September 15, 1967) was the first

elected Chief Minister of the erstwhileHyderabad State. He was among the leaders who

fought against the Nizam in the princely State, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was born in

a Telugu Brahmin family in Padakallu village, Kalwakurthy taluk, Mahbubnagar district.  He

was one of the founding members of the Hyderabad State Congress. He presided over the

third Andhra Mahasabha conference at Devarkonda in 1913 and was responsible for

creating an awareness of their rights among the people of Telangana. He was also involved

in promoting the library movement in the State.  After the merger of Hyderabad State with the

Indian Union in 1948, he joined the Vellodi Cabinet as Revenue and Education Minister. Dr.

Rao was elected from Shadnagar constituency, and later took over the reins of the State as

the Chief Minister.He was the first and the last elected Chief Minister of the former

Hyderabad State and first Telugu leader after two and a half centuries of Asaf Jahi rule of

Hyderabad State. From November 1956 to July 1960, Dr. Ramakrishna Rao was the

Governor of Kerala and later Governor of Uttar Pradesh till April 1962. He was later elected

to the Rajya Sabha. In which he served from 1962 to 1966. He died on September 14, 1967.

10. Konda Venkata Ranga Reddy popularly known as K. V. Ranga Reddy (1890–1970) is a

former Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh.[1] He is a freedom fighter who fought

the Telangana Rebellion against the Jagirdars]. The Ranga Reddy District in Andhra

Pradesh is named after him,[2] for fighting the Razakars, who were against Hyderabad state

to be integrated into independent India.He was a Minister of Revenue in 1959 in Neelam

Sanjeeva Reddy's government. He became Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh in

1969. He participated in the Telangana Movement and is known for his forthright speech at

Siddiambar Bazar which ended with his words Ghulam Ki Zindagi Se Mauth Acchi.

11. Pothana (1450–1510) was an Indian Telugu poet best known for his translation of

the Bhagavata Purana from Sanskrit to Telugu. He was a Telugu and Sanskrit Scholar.[1] His

work, Andhra Maha Bhagavatamu, is popularly called as Pothana Bhagavatam in Telugu.

Pothana was born into a Brahmin family in Bammera

village, Palakurthi mandal, Warangal District.[3] His father was Kesanna and his mother

Lakshmamma. He was considered to be a natural Poet (Sahaja Kavi), needing no teacher.

At an early age he wrote Bhogini Dhandakam a poem wrote in praise of king Sri Singa

Bhoopala’s concubine Bhogini. This was his first poetic venture which had the seeds of his

great poetic talents. Bhogini Dhandakam is the earliest available Dhandaka(rhapsody which

uses the same gana or foot all through) in Telugu.[4] His second work was Virabhadhra

Vijayamu which describes the adventures of Lord Virabhadhra, son of Lord Shiva. The main

theme was the destruction of a yagna performed in absence of Lord Shiva by Daksha

Prajapathi. on the banks of river Godavari, Pothana was meditating on Lord Shiva. At that

auspicious moment, Supreme Lord Rama appeared dressed like a king and requested

Pothana to translate Bhagavatam into Telugu(Andhramu) and dedicate it to Him. This

inspired him to translate Vyasa’s Sanskrit Bhagavatam into Telugu Andhra Maha

Bhaagavatamu.

12. Abu Sayeed Mohammad Makhdoom Mohiuddin Huzri (4 February 1908 – 25 August

1969) was an Urdu poet and Marxist political activist of India. He was a distinguished

revolutionary Urdu poet. He founded the Progressive Writers Union in Hyderabad and was

active with the Comrades Association and the Communist Party of India, and at the forefront

of the 1946–1947 Telengana Rebellion against the Nizam of the erstwhileHyderabad state.

He is best known for his collection of poems entitled Bisat-e-Raqs (The Dance Floor), for

which he was awarded the 1969 Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu. His published works

include an essay "Tagore" and his Poetry, a play, Hosh ke Nakhun (Unravelling), an

adaptation of Shaw's Widowers' Houses, and a collection of prose essays. Bisat-e-Raqs is a

complete collection of Makhdoom's verse including his two earlier collections Surkh Savera

(The Red Dawn) 1944, and Gul-e-Tar (The Dewdrenched Rose) 1961

He is known as Shayar-e-Inquilab' ('Poet of the Revolution'). His ghazals and lyrics have been

used in many Hindi films. Among his notable are the romantic ghazals:Ek Chameli Ke Mandve

Taley, Aap Ki Yaad Aati Rahi Raat Bhar and Phir Chhidi Raat, Baat Phoolon Ki. His collection of

poems and ghazals is titled "Besat E Raqs" . Sahitya academi Award for Urdu poetry – 1969

13. Samala Sadasiva (born 1928 – 7 August 2012) was a Telugu language poet and writer. He

won Sangeet Natak Akademi award in 2011. He was born in Telugupalle village in

Dahegaon mandal in Adilabad district and worked as a teacher. Sadasiva wrote over 425

books in various languages and translated books into Telugu

from Hindi, Urdu, Sanskrit, Marathi, Parsi, English and others. He was instrumental in

including a lesson on Girijan leader Komaram Bheem in the school syllabus in Andhra

Pradesh.He earned a doctorate from Sri Potti Sriramulu University in 1998 and Kakatiya

University conferred him with a doctorate in 2002. In 2006, he got Rajiv Prathibha

Puraskaram. A native of Cherupalli village of Dayagam mandal, He lived in Vidhyanagar in

Adilabad town.He won national award for his book on Hindustani music written in Telugu

called Swara Layalu.

14. Rāvūri Bharadvāja (1927 – 18 October 2013) was a Jnanpith

award winning Telugu novelist,  He was only the third Telugu writer to be honoured with the

country's highest literary award. He was awarded the 48th Jnanpith award for the year 2012

which was announced on 17 April 2013 for his work Paakudu Raallu.15. Baddam Yella Reddy (Telugu: బ్రద&� ఎల్లా8 రెండ్డి: , b. 1906, Galipalli village,[1][2] d. 1979[3]) was

an Indian communist politician from Telengana. He was one of the prominent leaders

inTelengana armed struggle against the Nizam regime. In 2006, in connection with Yella

Reddy's birth centenary celebrations the Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Y.S. Rajasekhara

Reddy inaugurated a bronze statue of Yella Reddy in Karimnagar.

16. Suddala Hanmanthu was a noted Indian poet of the mid 1900s.[1] He wrote songs

like Palleturi pillagada... pasulagaase monagaada... (from the movie Maa Bhoomi). Suddala

Hanmanthu was born in Suddala village, Gundala mandal, Nalgonda district, Telangana

State state in India. His Telugu folk song, Palletoori Pillagada, mobilised the people of his

region. It was included in the movie, Maa Bhoomi. He earned fame for his Telugu songs and

was awarded the National Film Award for Best Lyrics in the year 2003.

17. Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao (28 June 1921 – 23 December 2004) was an

Indian lawyer and politician who served as the tenth Prime Minister of India(1991–1996). he

was the first holder of this office from non-Hindi-speaking south India.  He is often referred to

as the "Father of Indian Economic Reforms.  Rao accelerated the dismantling of theLicense

Raj, reversing the socialist policies of Rajiv Gandhi's government. He employed Dr.

Manmohan Singh as his Finance Minister to embark on historic economic transition. With

Rao's mandate, Dr. Manmohan Singh launched India's globalisation angle of the reforms that

implemented the International Monetary Fund (IMF) policies to rescue the almost bankrupt

nation from economic collapse.[4] Rao was also referred to as Chanakya for his ability to steer

tough economic and political legislation through the parliament at a time when he headed

aminority government. 11th President of India APJ Abdul Kalamdescribed Rao as "patriotic

statesman who believed that the nation is bigger than the political system" Rao had "humble

social origins".[7] He was born on 28 June 1921 at Lakinepally[citation needed] village

near Narsampet in Warangal District  Narasimha Rao served brief stints in the Andhra

Pradesh cabinet (1962–1971) and as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (1971–1973. He was

the first person outside the Nehru-Gandhi family to serve as Prime Minister for five

continuous years,  Rao won from Nandyal with a victory margin of a record 5 lakh (500,000)

votes and his win was recorded in the Guinness Book Of World Records(1991-1997). His

cabinet included Sharad Pawar, himself a strong contender for the Prime Minister's post,

as Defence Minister. He also broke a convention by appointing a non-political economist and

future prime minister, Manmohan Singh as his Finance Minister.[27][28] He also appointed

Subramanian swamy, an Opposition party member as the Chairman of the Commission on

Labour Standards and International Trade. This has been the only instance that an

Opposition Party member was given a Cabinet rank post by the ruling party. He also sent

Opposition leader Atal Bihari Vajpayee, to represent India in a UN meeting at Geneva. n

1993, a strong earthquake in Latur, Maharashtra killed nearly 10,000 people and displaced

hundreds of thousands.[66] Rao was applauded by many for using modern technology and

resources to organise major relief operations to assuage the stricken people, and for

schemes of economic reconstruction. Rao suffered a heart attack on 9 December 2004

18. Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao (born 17 February 1954), abbreviated KCR,[1]is the first

and the current Chief Minister of the Indian state of Telangana. He is the president of

the Telangana Rashtra Samithi, a Regional Party in India Rao was born on 17 February

1954 in Chintamadaka village, Siddipet Mandal, Medak District of Telangan KCR joined the

TDP in 1983 and contested against A.Madan Mohan and lost that election. He won four

consecutive Assembly elections from Siddipet between 1985 and 1999. From 1987-1988, he

worked as Minister of Drought & Relief in Mr N. T. Ramarao's cabinet. In 1990, he was

appointed as TDP convener for Medak, Nizamabad and Adilabad districts. In 1996, he

worked as Transport minister in Mr Chandrababau Naidu's cabinet. He also served as the

deputy speaker of the Andhra Pradesh Assembly from 2000-2001.  April 2001, he formed the

Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) to campaign for his separatist agenda In the Elections of

2014, Rao announced the first Member of the Legislative Assembly candidate of Telangana

Rashtra Samithi fromArmoor, Telangana to Asannagari Jeevan Reddy.

19. Srinatha (1365-1441) was a well known 15th century Telugu poet who popularised the

prabandha style of composition. Srinatha was born to Bhimamba and Marayya in 1370.

Srinatha was respected as Kavi Sarvabhouma(King of poets) in Telugu, and patronised by

many kings including the Kondavidu Reddys, Velamas of Rachakonda and Deva Raya 2 of

Vijayanagara empire.. Srinatha worked as a minister in the court of Pedakomati Vemareddy of

Kondaveedu. He was widely regarded as the Kavi Sarvabhowma (The emperor among poets).

He had broken the drum of Gouda Dimdimabhattu by his conversation.

20. Kancherla Gopanna (Telugu: క�చెరం8 గోపను0) (c 1620 – 1680), popularly known asBhakta

Ramadasu or Bhadrachala Ramadasu(Telugu: భదా? చలు రామదాసు�), was a 17th-

century Indian devotee of Rama and a composer of Carnatic music. Kancherla

Gopanna(Goparaju) renowned as Bhaktha Ramadasu was born in an affluent Telugu Niyogi

Brahmin family to Linganna Mantri and Kamamba in Nelakondapalli village of Khammamett

Taluk (Warangal Division of erstwhile Hyderabad State) of northern Telangana (Deccan

region).Bhadrachalarama temple was constructed by Kancharla Gopanna popularly known as

Bhakta Ramadas in the year 1674 A.D.Kancharla Gopanna, popularly known as "Bhakta

Ramdas", a fervent devotee of Rama, was born to Linganna Murthy and Kamamba in

Nelakondapalli village of Khammamett Taluk in 17th century (1620 AD). the administrative

head in the court of Nawab Abul Hussan shah known as 'Taneshah' of Golkonda (he was the

last ruler of Golconda before Aurangazeb captured it in 1687A.D.) and was appointed by him

as Tahsildar of 'Palvoncha Paragana'. He was dismissed from service for mis-utilisation of

revenue for constructing the temple and was kept in jail for 12 long years in Golkonda Fort and

was tortured. Unable to withstand the miseries, Ramadas implored Rama to relieve him by

singing many praising and emotional songs which got popularized from the stanzas of

'Dasaradhi Sathakam' and 'Keertanas' of Bhakta Ramadasa.

21. Bammera Potana (1450-1510) was born in Bammera, a village twenty miles away from

Warangal, into a Niyogi Brahmin family. His father was Kesanna and his mother was

Lakkasanamma. He was considered to be a natural scholar (sahaja panditha) without a

teacher. At an early age he wrote `Bhogini Dandakam' a poem wrote in praise of king Sri Singa

Bhoopala's concubine Bhogini. This was his first poetic venture which had the seeds of his

great poetic talents. His second work was "Virabhadhra Vijayamu" which describes the

adventures of Lord Virabhadhra, son of Lord Shiva. The main theme was the destruction of a

yagna performed in absence of Lord Shiva by Daksha Prajapathi.

Paidi jai raj from telangana was the reciepnist of dada sahib pakle award life time achievement

award 1980.

Places in Telangana

1. The Charminar, built in 1591 CE, is a monument and mosque located in Hyderabad,

Telangana, India. The Charminar is situated on the east bank of Musi river. Masud

Hussain Khan says that the construction of Charminar was completed in the year

1592, and that it is the city of Hyderabad which was actually founded in the year

1591.[9]:4 According to the book "Days of the Beloved", Qutb shah constructed the

Charminar in the year 1589.Islamic architecture with 4 m height and 48.7 m(160ft)

minarate height.

2. Golconda, also known as Golkonda or Golla konda ("shepherd's hill"), a ruined fort

of Southern India and capital of medieval Golconda Sultanate (c.1518–1687), is

situated 11 km west of Hyderabad. It is also a mandal of Hyderabad District. The

Golconda fort was first built by Kakatiya as part of their western defenses. It was built

in 945 CE-970 CE[1] on the lines of the Kondapalli fort. The city and fortress are built

on a granite hill that is 120 meters (400 ft) high. The fort became the capital of a

major province in the Sultanate and after its collapse the capital of the Qutb Shahi

kings. The fort finally fell into ruins after a siege and its fall

to Mughal emperor Aurangazeb in 1687 AD. After the collapse of the Bahmani

Sultanat, Golkonda rose to prominence as the seat of the Qutb Shahi dynasty around

1507. Over a period of 62 years the mud fort was expanded by the first three Qutb

Shahi kings into a massive fort of granite, extending around 5 km in circumference. It

remained the capital of the Qutb Shahi dynasty until 1590 when the capital was

shifted to Hyderabad.there were 9 villages in Golconda fort.3. The Thousand Pillar Temple (Telugu: వెయ్యి� స్థం��భాల గుడి) is a

historic Hindu temple located in the town ofHanamakonda, Telangana State, India.[1] It is dedicated to Lord Shiva, Lord Vishnu and Lord Surya. The Thousand Pillar

Temple is one of the very old temples of South India that was built by the kakatiyas.i t

is believed that the Thousand Pillar Temple was built by King Rudra Deva in 1163

AD

4. The Salar Jung Museum is an art museum located at Darushifa, on the southern

bank of the Musi river in the city ofHyderabad, Telangana, India. The Salarjung

Museum is the third largest museum in India housing the biggest one-man

collections of antiques in the world. museum which was inaugurated by Jawaharlal

Nehru in 1951.

5. Ananthagiri Hills are hills located at [1] Vikarabad, Ranga Reddy district, TG, India.[2][3]

[4] The water flows from these hills to Osmansagar and Himayathsagar.6. Chilkur Balaji Temple (Telugu: చిలకూ�రు బాలాజీ దేవాలయము) popularly known

as Visa Balaji Temple or Visa God is an ancient Hindu temple of Lord Balaji on the

banks of Osman Sagar Lake near Hyderabad, India. It is one of the oldest temples in

Hyderabad built during the time of Madanna and Akkanna, the uncles ofBhakta

Ramadas. This temple does not accept any money, does not have a hundi, from the

devotees,[2] no green channel or privileges for VVIPs. The other such temple is the

Jalaram temple in Virpur (Rajkot), Gujarat.This temple fought and won the right to

stay out of government control. The only other such temple is "Ramanuj Kot", a

temple in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.It was built on 1300.

7. Falaknuma Palace is one of the finest palaces in Hyderabad, Telangana, India It

was built byNawab Vikar-ul-Umra, prime minister of Hyderabad and the uncle and

brother-in-law of the Nizam VI, Nawab Mir Mahboob Ali Khan Bahadur.[2] Falak-numa

means "Like the Sky" or "Mirror of the Sky" in Urdu.

8. Chowmahalla Palace or Chowmahallat (4 Palaces), is a palace of

the Nizams of Hyderabad state.It was the seat of theAsaf Jahi dynasty and was the

official residence of the Nizams of Hyderabad while they ruled their state. The palace

remains the property of Barkat Ali Khan Mukarram Jah, The

prestigious UNESCO Asia Pacific Merit award for cultural heritage conservation was

presented to Chowmahalla Palace on March 15, 2010 While Salabat Jung initiated

its construction in 1750,[3] it was completed by the period of Afzal ad-Dawlah, Asaf

Jah V, the V Nizam ensured its completion between 1857 and 1869.It is believed to

be modelled on Shah of Iran's palace in Tehran.

9. Nehru Zoological Park (also known as Hyderabad Zoo or Zoo Park) is

a zoo located near Mir Alam Tank in Hyderabad,Telangana, India Nehru Zoological

Park, Hyderabad was established in vide G.O.Ms. No.247, dated 26 October 1959. It

was opened to the public on 6 October 1963.

10. Mecca Masjid (Arabic: and Urdu: مسجد ,(�Telugu: మక్కాC మసీద ,مکہ also Makkah

Masjid, is one of the oldest mosques inHyderabad in India, Muhammad Quli Qutb

Shah, the fifth ruler of the Qutb Shahi dynasty, commissioned bricks to be made from

the soil brought from Mecca, the holiest site of Islam, built completed on 1694.11. Gnana Saraswati Temple (Telugu: శ్రీF జ్ఞాH ను సురంసుIతి దేవస్థాL నుమ�) is a Hindu

temple of Goddess Saraswati located on the banks of Godavari

River at Basar, Telangana, India.[1] It is one of the two famous Saraswati temples

in India, the other being in Jammu & Kashmir.

12. Ravindra Bharathi (Telugu: రంవీ�ద? భారంతి) is an auditorium located in Hyderabad,

India. It was named after theRabindranath Tagore. On 23 March 1960, the

then Governor of Uttar Pradesh and a former Chief Minister of Andhra

Pradesh Bezawada Gopala Reddy laid the foundation stone of the auditorium. Built

during the birth centenary celebrations of Rabindranath Tagore, the auditorium was

constructed by the Government of Andhra Pradesh for over a year. On 11 May 1961,

former President of India Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan inaugurated it to serve the

cultural needs of the region.

13. AP State Archeology Museum or Hyderabad Museum is a museum located

in Hyderabad, India. In 1930, Nizam VII Mir Osman Ail Khan, wanted to preserve the

Hyderabad's state's heritage, had named the museum as Hyderabad Museum It was

named as Andhra Pradesh State Archeology Museum in 1960

HISTORY OF TELANGANA

Telangana has been the homeland for Sathavahanas and Kakatiyas . Kotilingala in Karimnagar was the

first capital of the Sathavahanas before Dharanikota . Excavations at Kotilingala revealed coinage of

Simukha, a Satavahana emperor.

Ads by Cinema-Plus-1.8c×The region experienced its golden age during the reign of the Kakatiyas, a Telugu

dynasty that ruled most parts of what is now Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323.

Ganapatideva was known as the greatest of the Kakatiyas and the first after the Satavahanas to bring

the entire Telugu area under one rule. He put an end to the rule of the Cholas in the year 1210 who

accepted his suzerainty. He established order in his vast dominion that stretched from the Godavari

delta and Anakapalle in the east to Raichur (in modern day Karnataka ) in the west and from

Karimnagar & Bastar (in modern day Chattisgarh ) in the north to Srisailam & Tripurantakam, near

Ongole in the south. It was also during his reign that the Golkonda fort was first constructed by the

Kakatiyas.

Telangana, then came under Muslim rule in 14th century for the first time by Delhi Sultanate followed

by Bahmanis, Qutb Shahis and Moghals. As the Mughal Empire began to disintegrate in the early 18th

century, the Muslim Asafjahi dynasty established a separate state known as Hyderabad. Later,

Hyderabad entered into a treaty of subsidiary alliance with the British Empire , and was the largest and

most populous princely state in India. Telangana was never under direct British rule, unlike Coastal

Andhra and Rayalaseema regions of Andhra Pradesh, which were part of British India 's Madras

Presidency.

Post-independence history (1948-1952)

When India became independent from the British Empire, the Nizam of Hyderabad wanted to retain his

independence, but the Government of India amalgamated his state by force on September 17, 1948;

after executing Operation Polo by the Indian Army. When India became independent, the Telugu -

speaking people were distributed in about 22 districts ; 9 of them in the Telangana region of Nizam's

Dominions ( Hyderabad State ), 12 in the Madras Presidency ( Andhra region ) and one in French-

controlled Yanam. A Communist led peasant revolt started in 1946, lasted until 1951.

The central government appointed a civil servant, Keralite, Vellodi Narayana Menon K as Chief Minister

of Hyderabad state on 26 January 1950. He administered the state with the help of bureaucrats from

Madras state and Bombay state . In 1952, Telangana had tasted democracy for the first time when it

participated in general elections and elected Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao as the Chief minister of

Hyderabad State . The Telugu speaking people in Madras state , enjoyed some form of democracy

since 1920. During this time there was violent Mulki agitation by some Telanganites to send back

bureaucrats from Madras state and to implement Mulki rules strictly.

1948-1952 Influx of Andhra People

It has to be noted that with no such precedence in Independent Indian political history, for four years,

civil and military administrators ruled Hyderabad State. This period saw a huge influx of Andhra people

into this region taking up all the new positions that the new India was throwing open to its people. With

the pretext that people of Telangana were not educated in English or Telugu, the positions were filled

up people from Andhra region. Once these people occupied these vital positions, they in turn invited

many of their kith and kin to fill in many other positions. The history of Telangana Movement owes its

origin to a certain extent to this period. During this time, it became evident to the people of Telangana

that future holds complete marginalization of its people.

We don't make a record of migrations within the state, but if there is such a statistic, it will clearly

reveal that millions of Andhra people migrate to Telangana occupying many positions in the

government offices, banks, schools, colleges, universities, etc. Also, there was a great influx of

businessmen from Andhra who had sold off their lands and assets in Andhra and setup business in

Telangana region. We will also notice almost negligible migration happened from Telangana to Andhra

regions during this period.  

Mulki Rules Flouted

The Nizam set up schools, colleges, madrasas and a University that imparted education in Urdu.

Nizam, who had great admiration for British, started Hyderabad Civil Service (HCS) similar to Indian

Civil Service (ICS). Though Nizam had three different regions in his kingdom - Telugu, Kannada and

Marathi regions - he managed the conflicts that could arise between these regions by implementing

'Mulki Rules'. Mulki Rules provide 80% reservation for local people in all recruitments for C and D posts

at district level and 60% reservation for local people in Class A and B posts at divisional level. This

system ensured that people of the each region got access to opportunities. The Mulki Rules came into

existence in 1928.

During the influx after Independence, most of these rules were flouted using fake certificates that gave

people of Andhra region a local status. When the people of Telangana realized how Andhra people

were able to take up the jobs using these fake certificates, they started a protest called 'Gair Mulki Go

Back!' [Non-Mulki Go Back]

1952 Hyderabad State Elections

And contrary to the contemporary belief that Telangana was never a state before, Burgula

Ramakrishna Rao was elected the Chief Minister of Hyderabad State in 1952. Telangana was part of a

state called Hyderabad state in India, before it became a part of Andhra Pradesh against its will.

Creation of Andhra State

While Hyderabad State came into existence on its own which included Telangana only in 1948, Telugu-

speaking Andhra region was a part of Madras Presidency. This region became independent on August

15, 1947 along with rest of India as Madras Presidency.

Fearing that most of the newly created jobs and opportunities would be taken up by Tamils since they

were more educated and had access to opportunities, Andhra people started a protest. Potti Sriramulu,

the leader of this agitation started a 'hunger strike till death' on 19 th October 1952. Even though New

Delhi surmised that these people could be given a new state with a new capital to take care of

academic and government jobs and other economic opportunities, Potti Sriramulu fought for Madras

city (now called Chennai) as their capital city. The recommendations given to New Delhi suggested

that Madras will belong to Tamils and not to Andhra People. Potti Sriramulu died on 15 th December

1952 after 63 days of fasting.

His actions resulted in formation of First  State Reorganization Committee (SRC)  which divided the

nation along linguistic lines, though Nehru was quite averse to such organization based on language.

New Delhi approved for creation of a new state called Andhra on 1 st October 1953 for the people of

Andhra region carved out of erstwhile Madras Presidency.

One of the misconceptions that are flouted nowadays is that Potti Sriramulu fought for a greater and

unified Vishalandhra comprising all Telugu people under one state. There is no truth to this. He had in

fact fought for extremely local demands for his own people of Andhra region, and not Telangana

people.

Prevailing mood before Creation of Andhra Pradesh

Hyderabad State was created in 1948, Andhra was created in 1953. Andhra people won themselves a

state but not Madras. Their capital city was an unknown city called Kurnool. They were still scouting for

a much needed capital city that can rival Madras. The death of Potti Sriramulu put agitation of Andhra

People on the national scene. With the creation of Andhra, legitimacy for creating states on linguistic

lines was gaining ground.

The same bystanders from Andhra region, who stood by while Telangana went through Razakar

Movement and who later on took up many positions in the Hyderabad state now started to vie for

Hyderabad city.

It should be known that Hyderabad was a very famous city in the world already. It was considered the

second most important city in the Muslim World where one of the world's richest men resided. It was

known for architecture marvels and international businesses. Hyderabad state was the biggest princely

state in India who had direct access to British Crown.

People of Andhra now caught a new slogan to create a new state for all Telugu people, including

people of Telangana. The reality had set in New Delhi that creation of states along linguistic lines could

not be avoided. During First  SRC  headed by Fazal Ali, states like Kerala, Madras State (Tamil Nadu),

Mysore state (later named to Karnataka), were all created based on linguistic lines. Andhra people vied

for Hyderabad and hence whole of Telangana, and campaigned under the slogan that the binding

factor was the common language Telugu. Though Telangana was unimpressed by such placatory

moves because of the experiences of 1948-52, and though Telangana was least interested in joining

Andhra, and though Telangana bitterly opposed it when it came to happen, Andhra prevailed and they

were successful in annexing Telangana to form Andhra Pradesh thereby winning the crown jewel

Hyderabad.

Another misconception that is flouted now is that First  SRC  has definitely agreed for creation of

Andhra Pradesh from Telangana and Andhra State. That is not the case. In fact, the First  SRC clearly

makes a case of Telangana. Here are the excerpts from the text:

The Case for Telangana

The considerations which have been argued in favour of a separate Telangana State are, however, not

such as may be lightly brushed aside.

Some Telangana leaders seem to fear that the result of unification will be to exchange some settled

sources of revenue, out of which development schemes may be financed, for financial uncertainty

similar to that which Andhra is now faced. Telangana claims to be progressive and from an

administrative point of view, unification it is contended is not likely to confer any benefits on this area.

When plans for future development are taken into account, Telangana fears that the claims of this

area may not receive adequate consideration in Vishalandhra. .does not wish to lose its present

independent rights in relation to the utilization of the waters of Krishna and Godavari.

One of the principal causes of opposition of Vishalandhra also seems to be the apprehension felt by the

educationally backward people of Telangana that they may be swamped and exploited by the more

advanced people of the coastal areas. In the Telangana districts outside the city of Hyderabad,

education is woefully backward. While Telangana, itself may be converted into a colony by the

enterprising coastal Andhra.

'The Telangana' it has further been argued, can be stable and viable, unit considered by itself.

Hyderabad State (or) Nizam State was The Biggest Samsthan in India out of 600 Samsthans. In the 18th Century it was under the Moghal Empire, when Moghal Empire became weaken Nizam-Ul-Mulk has announced Hyderabad State in 1724. He is Founder and First Nizam of the Hyderabad. Hyderabad State was biggest state in India with 8 Telangana Districts (Adilabad, Warangal, Karimnagar, Medak, Mahabubnagar, Nizamabad, Nalgonda and Atraafbalda (latter changed as Ranga Reddy District)), 5 Maharashtra districts (Ourangabad, Parbhani, Bheed, Osmanabad, Nanded), 3 Karnataka Districts (Rayachur, Beedar, Gulbarga). Nizams ruled this state from 1724 to September 1948. British Govt. given freedom to India but wantedly they gave freedom for Hyderabad and Kashmir to decide whether Join with India (or) Pakistan. Kashmir ruler Maharaja Hari Singh joined their state in India. But Nizam announced Hyderabad is seperate Country, we not to join in India nor in Pakisthan (becuase joining in Pakisthan is not possible with geographically). The Hyderabad State People  eagerly waited freedom from Nizam and they thought we are going became freedom after India Freedom. The Telangana People suffered many problems, struggled very much with Nizam Rule.They already started Telangana Raithanga Poratam (Farmer Revolution). The India Govt. given warn to Nizam but they did not take any action. Nizam order to not celebrate India Indepance Day because Hyderabad is seperate Country, and he is Freedom King. And ordered India Currency not accepted in Hyderabad State and also announced 20 Crore rupees to  Pakisthan. But in some placec Indian flag hoisted, The First Indian Flag hoisted near King Kothi by Hyderabad Student Union and by City Trade Union Office also hoisted Indian Flag. In many places many people arrested for Indian Flag hoising.

Nizam close adviser Khasim Razvi created Razakar Force with 90,000 Razakars

(soonly increased upto 5 lakh). Khasim Razvi main aim was making Hyderabad as a Muslim Country.. They entered in the villages and killed lot of innocent people including females, kids and babies. They looted people and raped ladies before their family people (including girls), they removed women and mens clothes and forced to play batukamma and do many things. They behaved with people like Rakshas (Raakshas are better than the Razakars, because they not did those cruel works that Razakars did, we can't say and see in dreams also that they did).

Telangana People started their fight against Nizam Rule from hundreds of years - the Nizam Rule was worst and bad Rule in the history of India. (I think British Rule was better than Nizam Rule). The Telangana Raithanga Poratam changed as Telangana Saayudha Poratam. Every village created youth forces to fight with Razakars. Not only men, womens also trained using the Arms. Many women fighted like Rani Rudrama, Jhansi Rani. There are many Women Freedom Fighters stories to say. Writing here about some of them. Latter Telangana Freedom Fighters recognised as Indian Freedom Fighters.  India Govt. taken Police Action (Sardar Vallabhai Patel Leadership) on Nizam and Razakars. The operation called as "Operation Polo, it held from 13th September 1948 to 17th September 1948. on 17th September 1948 Nizam surrender to India Military. Telangana got Freedom and merged in Indian Union. Razakar Leader Khasim Razvi sent to jail for killing thousands of innocent people but later he relieved and went Pakistan and settled there. The Nizam got lot of money for surrender himself. The Nizam and their family settled in other countries.)