Teen Living Objective 7.02 Assess Personal Eating Habits

Nutrients

Nutrients are chemicals in food They help the body work properly

Classes of Nutrients

Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Water Vitamins minerals

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates provide the body with ready energy

Grains, Vegetables, & Fruits All of these provide complex

carbohydrates as well as other nutrients

Categories of Carbohydrates Sugars Starches

Refined Sugar

Refined sugar can cause weight gain and dental problems

Benefits of Fiber

Fiber helps move food through the digestive system

Protein

People need protein because it repairs and builds tissues in the body

Amino Acids

Amino acids are chemicals in protein

Complete vs. Incomplete Proteins Meat, fish, & poultry contain all 9

essential amino acids are said to have complete protein

Other foods, such as dried beans & nuts, do not contain all 9 essential amino acids and are incomplete

Ways the Body Uses Fat

To transport and store nutrients To regulate body temperature and

growth As a reserve supply of energy

Saturated vs. Unsaturated Fat Saturated fat – found in animal foods

and coconut & palm oils Unsaturated fat – found in oils from

vegetables, nuts, seeds and is a liquid at room temperature

Problems from Excess Fat Weight gain Heart disease Other health problems

Function of Cholesterol

Cholesterol transports and digests fat

High Cholesterol

A high cholesterol level can lead to heart disease and high blood pressure

Functions of Water

The basic material of blood Transports nutrients Carries away waste products Moves food through the digestive

system Regulates body temperature

Water Every Day

A person should drink 8 glasses of water EVERY day

Vitamins

They help the body stay healthy and function properly

They process other nutrients

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamin C & the B vitamins (they are not stored in the body and

must be consumed every day)

Fat Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins A,D,E, & K ( these are the vitamins stored in the

body’s fat)

Minerals

Minerals form part of many tissues They keep body processes operating

smoothly

Lack of Calcium

Results can be: weak bonesWeak teethosteoporosis

Iron

Iron should be in the food that you eat, as it builds red blood cells

Anemia results from a lack of iron

Minerals the Body Needs

(besides calcium, phosphorus, & iron) Potassium Magnesium Zinc Iodine Sodium

Calories

Calories are units of heat 4 calories are in a gram of protein (4 calories are in a gram of

carbohydrates) 9 calories are in a gram of

fat