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Interactive Seminar on

Bicycle and its Components–Standardization

Presentation by G Ramprasad,President, All India Cycle Manufacturers Association

LUDHIANA, March 21, 2007

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India has struggled financially since independence, experiencing sloweconomic growth and economic setbacks and now the country hasbeen gradually transforming its economic base from agriculture to

industrial and commercial.

India – the transformation

- At independence in 1947 India was desperately poor – Textile industry as its only major industrial sector.

- Economic policy after independence -Central planning, with the government setting goals for and closely regulating privateindustry,Self-sufficiency to foster domestic industry and reduce dependence on foreign

trade.

- In the late 1970s the government began to reduce state control of the economy, making

slow progress

-1991 India Economic crisis and Reformation

- In mid 90s’ – expansion of middle class and their spending power – increasing consumer goods from soap to luxury cars has expanded rapidly.

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And today India is providing our services in a vast andwide-ranging spectrum of disciplines –

Agriculture

Education

Engineering

Communications

Transportation

Information TechnologyBanking & Finance

Management and a host of others.

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Market Advantage

-Fast paced urbanisation to rise from 28% to 40% by 2020.

-Upward migration of household income levels.

-Middle class expanding by 30-40 million every year.

-Growing working population.

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Item 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 % change in2004-

05 over 2003-04

Bicycles 162.08 (18.27) 137.46 (16.96) 201.36 (24.67) 168.33 (22.73) (-)16.40

Bicycle parts & components

725.02 (81.73) 672.95 (83.04) 615.01 (75.33) 572.12 (77.27) (-)6.97

TOTAL 887.10(100.00)

810.41(100.00)

816.37(100.00)

740.45(100.00)

(-)9.30

INDIA’S EXPORTS OF BICYCLES & BICYCLES PARTS & COMPONENTS

DURING THE PERIOD 2001-02 TO 2004-05

(Rs. crore)

Source: United Nations, Yearbook of International Trade Statistics 2003, New York.

Note: Figures within brackets indicate percentage shares of the total.

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India Vs Global

InBicycles

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Indian scenario

•Traditional materials.Commercial plastic ( Polypropylene,Polyethylene…) is used

•Zinc plating, Ni- Cr plating,Powder coating, Painting,ED coating

•Mostly man dependent

•Price consciousness

•Conventional

•Transportation , Load carrying

•Negligible

•Almost nil

• Material

• Finish

• Process

• Market

• Technology

• Product

• R&D

• Government support

•Aluminium alloys, Neobium alloys,Carbon fibre, Titanium, Gel.Engineering plastic ( Poly carbonate,ABS,…) is used

•Comparable with automobiles

•Semi-automatic / Automatic

•Quality consciousness

•CNC, Laser, Plasma in linewith automobiles

•Health, Fun, Sports, Recreation

•Very high

•Fully supported

Global scenarioAspects

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Single speed for 20’ wheel size.

Indian scenario

Gears have not beenoffered to kids.

Banana saddle with backrest in 20’ wheel size bicycles.

Steel metal mudguard

Geared for the young male rider,16" wheels for kids 3 and up.

Ride along with parents!Geared for the young male rider, 16"wheels for kids 3 and up.

Global scenario – Kids treated

as mature audience and considered tobe in par with the adults. Gearedbicycles with minimalistic graphics.

Gears

Cantilevered mudguards

Sleek saddles in kids bikes

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Carbon fibre frameconstruction

Monocoque frameconstruction

Toe clip pedalsBetter roads lead to design of bicycles without mudguards.

Global scenario – Frame

construction and materials haveevolved to a great extent – monocoque frame construction,alloy frames etc. Pedals have alsoevolved with provision of toe clips.

Bucket saddle for babies, fittedonto the mother’s bicycle.

Indian scenario

Mild steel frames

MIG welding on frames

Black pedals.

Monocoque frame

construction

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Indian scenario Global scenario

• Steel- Hot forged/Pressed• Plastic – Moulded cranks

• Steel- Cold forged/Pressed• Plastic – Moulded cranks• Aluminium – Moulded, CNC machined

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• Steel- Welded• Finish – Powder coated, Ni-Cr plated,

Painted

• Steel- Welded• Aluminium- Die casted, Forged• Finish – Powder coated,Anodised,

Titanium,Painted


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• Types – Caliper , Rod brakes• Finish – Ni-Cr plated, Zinc plated,

Powder coated,Painted• Steel - Pressed

• Types –V brakes, Disc, Caliper, Band• Finish – Ni-Cr plated, Powder

coated,Anodised• Steel – Pressed, CNC machined• Aluminium – Die casted


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• Types – Wide Barrel , Thin Barrel,Diabolo

• Finish – Ni-Cr plated• Steel –Spinned & Pressed

• Types – Wide Flange, Thin Barrel• Finish – Anodised• Aluminium –CNC Machined


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Painted

• Steel- Welded• Carbon Fibre - Forming• Aluminium- Forged• Finish – Powder coated,Anodised,

Titanium,Painted


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Painted

• Steel- Welded• Aluminium- Casted• Finish – Powder coated, Anodised,

Painted


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• Reverse engineered• Rubber based with cotton/ nylon cord

• R&D based• Rubber based with kelvar etc…


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• Steel- Rolled & Weled• Finish – Ni-Cr plated

• Aluminium- Drawn & Rolled• Carbon fibre - formed• Finish –Anodised,Powder coated


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• Plastic- Moulded• Rubber - Moulded• steel – Pressed• Finish – Black, coloured, Ni-Cr plated

• Aluminium – Die casted• Finish –Coloured, Anodised


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•Finish – Simple textured•Foam - PU foam or Thermorex, Hard

• Finish – Artistic textured with multicolours

• Foam – Gel, Air filled


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Indian Bicycle industry

VsIndian Automobile industry

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Indian Bicycle industry

• Traditional ( Brazing, CO2 welding..)

• Poor housekeeping, Bad ergonomics

• Manual oriented, Skill based

• In percentage

• Price consciousness

• Not driven by customers

• Technology

• Working Environment

• Process

• Rejections

• Product

• R&D

• On par with global giants

• Excellent housekeeping,Good ergonomics

• Semi automatic, automatic, robotic,process based

• In PPM

• Quality consciousness

• Demanded by vendor

Indian Automobile industryAspects

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Indian cycle industry Indian Automobile industry

• Manual based • Process based

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• Bad housekeeping • Good House keeping


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• Bad working ergonomics • Good working ergonomics


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Other Category

transformation

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1960 ICICI - Established to finance large industrial projects

1990s - started normal banking operations - Taking deposits, Creditcards, Car loans etc. Due to successful experiment merged intoICICI bank.

1999- The first Indian company and the first bank from non-JapanAsia to list on the NYSE.

Now its India's largest private sector bank and second largest

overall

ICICI Bank now has the largest market share among all banks inRetail or consumer.

largest issuer of credit cards in India shows changing consumerstrend in India

The first bank to offer a wide network of ATM's and had the largestnetwork of 2400 ATM's till 2005.

Provides unique experience to customers by extending facilitieslike Tele-Banking , Internet banking, Mobile banking etc.

The bank is expanding in overseas markets - operations in the UK,Hong Kong, Singapore, Canada, Dubai and Shanghai

Acquiring Investitsionno-Kreditny Bank (IKB), in Russia recently andalso It has tie-ups with major banks in the US and China.

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Founded in 1981 and got the first client in 1983 Infosys became the pioneer in IT

sector of India and in 1999 Infosys attained a SEI-CMM Level 5 ranking andbecame the first India company to be listed on NASDAQ.

Providing services to national and international customers

Continuous evolving product portfolio:

Aerospace and Automobile (AnA)Banking & Capital Markets (BCM)Communication Service Providers (CSP)Resources, Energy & Utilities (REU)Hi Tech & Discrete Manufacturing (HTDM)Insurance, Healthcare & Life Sciences (IHL)Media and EntertainmentProduct Lifecycle and Engineering Solutions (PLES)Retail, Distribution & CPG (RETL)Transportation & Services (TnS)

Independent Validation Solutions (IVS)IT Infrastructure Management Services (IMS).Real EstateLife science

Collaboration with foreign companies to Develop knowledge base and Developtechnologies.

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Commercial Vehicles, Intermediate Commercial Vehicles, Light CommercialVehicles, Small Commercial Vehicles, Utility Vehicles…..Also they identifiednew customers- The car market.

Car segment set to grow by 8-9% annually

Tata Motors has sold 555,065 vehicles (including exports) in calendar year2006 — a growth of 30 per cent over 425,901 units sold in calendar 2005.

Diverse product portfolio- From Indica to Safari. Indiva in UK.

Luxury to necessity- Offering new features to the customers like Powersteering, Power doors, AC, Better mileage (MPFIs), DigitalOdometer, ABS, Crumple zone, Airbags, Rear view camera.

Affordance for all – Rs. 1 Lakh car.

Dash board Indica

Interior Indiva

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The two-wheeler segment will clock 11.5% rise by 2007

Overseas market would present huge opportunities for the two-wheeler makers

Bajaj Pulsar- The largest selling motorcycle in Higher category in India, a success inAfrica and Asia.

Eat your own brand before market rejects it- Bajaj Pulsar- Bajaj Pulsar DTSi- BajaPulsar DTSI +

Driving low cost and continuous innovations- Providing something “EXTRA” to evolve

the market and customers. – 200 cc, 180 cc, 150 cc

New features to users like aesthetic upliftment, digital display, Gas charged shox,

LED lights, Petrol tank flaps, Tubeless tyres, Split seat etc.

Equal emphasis on all products- Bajaj Mopeds come with DTSi Technology, ExhaustTech., Ride Control etc. Eg: Bajaj Wave, a scooter for girls.

Digital console

Oil cooler

Split seat

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The way forward

From industry:

• Continuous Improvement and development.

• OUT OF BOX thinking.

• Educating Customers and then offering services.

• Low cost alternatives from the same house- Wide product range.

• Inter-net working for product development.

• Understand consumer and cultural preferences.

From BIS:

• Aligning IS in line with global standards

• Bringing out new standards to meet changing requirements (like e-bikeetc)

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