Tectonic Summit 2016: The Origins of Kubernetes
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Transcript of Tectonic Summit 2016: The Origins of Kubernetes
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The origins of KubernetesBrendan Burns
Microsoft Azure Container Service
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The origins of KubernetesBrendan Burns
Microsoft Azure Container Service
8
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Pre-history
1979 - chroot
1982 - BSD
2000 - FreeBSD jail
2005 - Solaris Zones/Containers
2006-2007 - Linux CGroups and Namespaces
2006 - AWS begins selling VMs
2008 - I join Google websearch infrastructure teams
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My Ops Experience
Dev. and On-call for Google Web-Search
No SSH
No imperative configuration
No room for errors
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My Ops Experience
Dev. and On-call for Google Web-Search
No SSH
No imperative configuration
No room for errors
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My Ops Experience
Dev. and On-call for Google Web-Search
No SSH
No imperative configuration
But lots of thoughts about Borg.
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A starting point: Borg
The merge of two systems:
Global Work Queue
Babysitter
Lots of organic growth, spread out over time
Utilization is the major problem to be solved
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A step forward: Seattle 2012
WebSearch leaves Seattle :(
But public cloud is growing :)
But public cloud is using VMs :(
But we can try to make it better :)
Declarative configuration
Server side deployment
Health maintainance
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The door flies open: Docker
2013 - Docker begins
Image format and build tools
Image distribution infrastructure
Container runtime
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The original idea: Seattle, Nov. 2013
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A minimally viable, open source Docker orchestrator
Only two challenges:
func orchestrate(...) error { …}
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The “minimally viable” borg: simplify ops
O(N) = O(1)
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The “minimally viable” borg: decouple all the things
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The “minimally viable” borg: naming
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The “minimally viable” borg: discovery
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Lessons learned: Be consistent
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Lessons learned: Everyone comes in the front door
https://www.flickr.com/photos/16210667@N02/13504685914
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Lessons learned: There is no hierarchyfrontend
bburns
Node - 1
backend
julia
Node - 1
frontend
julia
Node - 2
backend
bburns
Node - 2
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Lessons learned: There is no hierarchyfrontend
bburns
Node - 1
backend
julia
Node - 1
frontend
julia
Node - 2
backend
bburns
Node - 2
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Lessons learned: There is no hierarchyfrontend
bburns
Node - 1
backend
julia
Node - 1
frontend
julia
Node - 2
backend
bburns
Node - 2
![Page 21: Tectonic Summit 2016: The Origins of Kubernetes](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/5871ae451a28abda6a8b6163/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Lessons learned: There is no hierarchyfrontend
bburns
Node - 1
backend
julia
Node - 1
frontend
julia
Node - 2
backend
bburns
Node - 2
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Differences: It had to be public cloud
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Differences: It had to be open
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Differences: Build a community & ecosystem
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Three years later
Many, many clusters in production
40,000+ commits
1000+ contributors
191 Meetups around the world
3 extraordinarily humbled co-founders
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Unsolved problems: Configuration
App App
App
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Unsolved problems: Cloud development
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Unsolved problems: Scaling our community
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Thank You!