Technology in the Dairy Industry

Intro to Agriculture

Meet “HUMAN COWS”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qapmzTUaF6s

Science Starter: HUMAN COWS

1. What is an antibody responsible for? 2. How are the cows all related? 3. How does antibody extraction take place in the

cattle? 4. Why can’t humans produce Anthrax antibodies? 5. Why was the last statement, “To take advantage

of the technology, we have to embrace it” shown twice?

DNA Extraction Lab

Pre Lab Question: What do you already know about DNA?

Set-up lab notebook:

DNA- Deoxyribonucleic Acid

A double- stranded helix molecule that stores genetic information for an organism.

All living things are composed of DNA.

DNA is found in the nucleus of the cell on the chromosomes.

What is Biotechnology?

The application of science to living organisms. Modern Biotechnology allows for genetic engineering and the manipulation of DNA.

DNA Extraction Materials- Per Student or Group.

Salt Clear Liquid Soap Water Filter (coffee filter, cheese cloth, paper towel) Funnel Alcohol or Ethanol at least 90%-Must be ice cold! Small Test Tube Zip lock sandwich baggie. Paper Clip Fruit- cherries, strawberries, or bananas work the

best

DNA Extraction

Steps– Smash the fruit – Add a clear detergent– Add sodium– Filter– Add 99% Alcohol– Spool DNA

Steps to Simple DNA Extraction

Place fruit (2 medium to large strawberries) into a zip lock baggie. Zip the bag shut, removing all of the air.

Smash the fruit until it is almost liquid.

In this step you are breaking down the cell membrane to release the DNA.

Steps to Simple DNA Extraction

Add one tablespoon of detergent to the baggie, re-zip and mix.

The detergent washes the DNA away from the cell and other organelles.

Steps to Simple DNA Extraction

Add ¼ teaspoon of salt and one tablespoon of water to the fruit mixture. Re-zip the baggie and mix.

The salt breaks down proteins that are associated with cellular and DNA functions.

Steps to Simple DNA Extraction

Using a filter and funnel, funnel the mixture into a test tube.

This step can take a minute or two to complete.

Be careful that your filter does not break. Try to obtain ½ to 1” of filtrate into the test

tube. WHILE WE WAIT…..

Steps to Simple DNA Extraction

Hold the test tube at a 45 degree angle.

Carefully pour the ice cold alcohol over the strawberry solution.

The alcohol is used to precipitate DNA out of the strawberry solution. Also, DNA will not dissolve in alcohol.

Steps to Simple DNA Extraction

You will begin to see a visible interface between the strawberry layer and the alcohol layer. That interface is DNA.

Allow the tube to sit for a few minutes. Using your paper clip, make a hook. This paper clip can be used to spool up DNA

fibers. Use a slow twirling motion to avoid breaking and separating the strand.

DNA Extraction Lab

Post-Lab Question: – List two things you learned – List one thing you still want to lean

HOMEWORK

Other Kits

Carolina- Plant Biotechnology-DNA Extraction Kit

Wards- Natural Science DNA on a Chain.

References/ Resources

www.biotechinstitute.org

www.funsci.com

http://biotech.biology.arizona.edu/labs/DNA_Kiwifruit_teacher.html

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/